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doc: Minor link fixes

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architeuthidae 2024-08-12 16:43:11 +08:00 committed by Sébastien Bourdeauducq
parent 322f9f6e55
commit c0805b9cb9
6 changed files with 7 additions and 17 deletions

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@ -75,12 +75,12 @@ Configuring the core device
---------------------------
.. note::
The following steps are optional, and you only need to execute them if they are necessary for your specific system. To learn more about how ARTIQ works and how to use it first, you might skip to the next page, :doc:`rtio`. For all configuration options, the core device generally must be restarted for changes to take effect.
The following steps are optional, and you only need to execute them if they are necessary for your specific system. To learn more about how ARTIQ works and how to use it first, you might skip to the first tutorial page, :doc:`rtio`. For all configuration options, the core device generally must be restarted for changes to take effect.
Flash idle and/or startup kernel
^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
The *idle kernel* is the kernel (that is, a piece of code running on the core device; see :doc:`the next page <rtio>` for further explanation) which the core device runs in between experiments and whenever not connected to the host. It is saved directly to the core device's flash storage in compiled form. Potential uses include cleanup of the environment between experiments, state maintenance for certain hardware, or anything else that should run continuously whenever the system is not otherwise occupied.
The *idle kernel* is the kernel (that is, a piece of code running on the core device; see :doc:`rtio` for further explanation) which the core device runs in between experiments and whenever not connected to the host. It is saved directly to the core device's flash storage in compiled form. Potential uses include cleanup of the environment between experiments, state maintenance for certain hardware, or anything else that should run continuously whenever the system is not otherwise occupied.
To flash an idle kernel, first write an idle experiment. Note that since the idle kernel runs regardless of whether the core device is connected to the host, remote procedure calls or RPCs (functions called by a kernel to run on the host) are forbidden and the ``run()`` method must be a kernel marked with ``@kernel``. Once written, you can compile and flash your idle experiment: ::

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Core device
===========
The core device is a FPGA-based hardware component that contains a softcore or hardcore CPU tightly coupled with the so-called RTIO core, which runs in gateware and provides precision timing. The CPU executes Python code that is statically compiled by the ARTIQ compiler and communicates with peripherals (TTL, DDS, etc.) through the RTIO core, as described in :ref:`artiq-real-time-i-o-concepts`. This architecture provides high timing resolution, low latency, low jitter, high-level programming capabilities, and good integration with the rest of the Python experiment code.
The core device is a FPGA-based hardware component that contains a softcore or hardcore CPU tightly coupled with the so-called RTIO core, which runs in gateware and provides precision timing. The CPU executes Python code that is statically compiled by the ARTIQ compiler and communicates with peripherals (TTL, DDS, etc.) through the RTIO core, as described in :doc:`rtio`. This architecture provides high timing resolution, low latency, low jitter, high-level programming capabilities, and good integration with the rest of the Python experiment code.
While it is possible to use the other parts of ARTIQ (controllers, master, GUI, dataset management, etc.) without a core device, many experiments require it.

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Getting started with the core language
======================================
.. _connecting-to-the-core-device:
Connecting to the core device
-----------------------------
As a very first step, we will turn on a LED on the core device. Create a file ``led.py`` containing the following: ::
from artiq.experiment import *
@ -75,7 +70,7 @@ What happens is that the ARTIQ compiler notices that the ``input_led_state`` fun
The return type of all RPC functions must be known in advance. If the return value is not ``None``, the compiler requires a type annotation, like ``-> TBool`` in the example above. See also :ref:`compiler-types`.
Without the :meth:`~artiq.coredevice.core.Core.break_realtime` call, the RTIO events emitted by :meth:`self.led.on() <artiq.coredevice.ttl.TTLInOut.on>` or :meth:`self.led.off() <artiq.coredevice.ttl.TTLInOut.off>` would be scheduled at a fixed and very short delay after entering :meth:`~artiq.language.environment.Experiment.run()`. These events would fail because the RPC to ``input_led_state()`` can take an arbitrarily long amount of time, and therefore the deadline for the submission of RTIO events would have long passed when :meth:`self.led.on() <artiq.coredevice.ttl.TTLInOut.on>` or :meth:`self.led.off() <artiq.coredevice.ttl.TTLInOut.off>` are called (that is, the ``rtio_counter_mu`` wall clock will have advanced far ahead of the timeline cursor ``now_mu``, and an :exc:`~artiq.coredevice.exceptions.RTIOUnderflow` would result; see :ref:`artiq-real-time-i-o-concepts` for the full explanation of wall clock vs. timeline.) The :meth:`~artiq.coredevice.core.Core.break_realtime` call is necessary to waive the real-time requirements of the LED state change. Rather than delaying by any particular time interval, it reads ``rtio_counter_mu`` and moves up the ``now_mu`` cursor far enough to ensure it's once again safely ahead of the wall clock.
Without the :meth:`~artiq.coredevice.core.Core.break_realtime` call, the RTIO events emitted by :meth:`self.led.on() <artiq.coredevice.ttl.TTLInOut.on>` or :meth:`self.led.off() <artiq.coredevice.ttl.TTLInOut.off>` would be scheduled at a fixed and very short delay after entering :meth:`~artiq.language.environment.Experiment.run()`. These events would fail because the RPC to ``input_led_state()`` can take an arbitrarily long amount of time, and therefore the deadline for the submission of RTIO events would have long passed when :meth:`self.led.on() <artiq.coredevice.ttl.TTLInOut.on>` or :meth:`self.led.off() <artiq.coredevice.ttl.TTLInOut.off>` are called (that is, the ``rtio_counter_mu`` wall clock will have advanced far ahead of the timeline cursor ``now_mu``, and an :exc:`~artiq.coredevice.exceptions.RTIOUnderflow` would result; see :doc:`rtio` for the full explanation of wall clock vs. timeline.) The :meth:`~artiq.coredevice.core.Core.break_realtime` call is necessary to waive the real-time requirements of the LED state change. Rather than delaying by any particular time interval, it reads ``rtio_counter_mu`` and moves up the ``now_mu`` cursor far enough to ensure it's once again safely ahead of the wall clock.
Real-time Input/Output (RTIO)
-----------------------------
@ -199,7 +194,6 @@ The core device records the real-time I/O waveforms into a circular buffer. It i
from artiq.experiment import *
class Tutorial(EnvExperiment):
def build(self):
self.setattr_device("core")

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@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Starting your first experiment with the master
In the previous tutorial, we used the :mod:`~artiq.frontend.artiq_run` utility to execute our experiments, which is a simple standalone tool that bypasses the management system. We will now see how to run an experiment using the master and the dashboard.
First, create a folder ``~/artiq-master`` and copy into it the ``device_db.py`` for your system (your device database, exactly as in :ref:`connecting-to-the-core-device`.) The master uses the device database in the same way as :mod:`~artiq.frontend.artiq_run` when communicating with the core device. Since no devices are actually used in these examples, you can also use the ``device_db.py`` found in ``examples/no_hardware``.
First, create a folder ``~/artiq-master`` and copy into it the ``device_db.py`` for your system (your device database, exactly as in :doc:`getting_started_core`.) The master uses the device database in the same way as :mod:`~artiq.frontend.artiq_run` when communicating with the core device. Since no devices are actually used in these examples, you can also use the ``device_db.py`` found in ``examples/no_hardware``.
Secondly, create a subfolder ``~/artiq-master/repository`` to contain experiments. By default, the master scans for a folder of this name to determine what experiments are available. If you'd prefer to use a different name, this can be changed by running ``artiq_master -r [folder name]`` instead of ``artiq_master`` below.
@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ The :ref:`rtio-analyzer-example` is fully integrated into the dashboard. Navigat
Non-RTIO devices and the controller manager
-------------------------------------------
As described in :ref:`artiq-real-time-i-o-concepts`, there are two classes of equipment a laboratory typically finds itself needing to operate. So far, we have largely discussed ARTIQ in terms of one only: the kind of specialized hardware that requires the very high-resolution timing control ARTIQ provides. The other class comprises the broad range of regular, "slow" laboratory devices, which do *not* require nanosecond precision and can generally be operated perfectly well from a regular PC over a non-realtime channel such as USB.
As described in :doc:`rtio`, there are two classes of equipment a laboratory typically finds itself needing to operate. So far, we have largely discussed ARTIQ in terms of one only: the kind of specialized hardware that requires the very high-resolution timing control ARTIQ provides. The other class comprises the broad range of regular, "slow" laboratory devices, which do *not* require nanosecond precision and can generally be operated perfectly well from a regular PC over a non-realtime channel such as USB.
To handle these "slow" devices, ARTIQ uses *controllers*, intermediate pieces of software which are responsible for the direct I/O to these devices and offer RPC interfaces to the network. Controllers can be started and run standalone, but are generally handled through the *controller manager*, available through the ``artiq-comtools`` package (normally automatically installed together with ARTIQ.) The controller manager in turn communicates with the ARTIQ master, and through it with clients or the GUI.

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.. _artiq-real-time-i-o-concepts:
ARTIQ Real-Time I/O Concepts
ARTIQ Real-Time I/O concepts
============================
The ARTIQ Real-Time I/O design employs several concepts to achieve its goals of high timing resolution on the nanosecond scale and low latency on the microsecond scale while still not sacrificing a readable and extensible language.

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.. _drtio-and-subkernels:
Using DRTIO and subkernels
==========================