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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading">M1 RC1 signal integrity measurements</h1>
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<h3 id="siteSub">From Milkymist Wiki</h3>
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<div id="jump-to-nav">Jump to: <a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#column-one">navigation</a>, <a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#searchInput">search</a></div> <!-- start content -->
<table id="toc" class="toc" summary="Contents"><tr><td><div id="toctitle"><h2>Contents</h2></div>
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<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#Setup"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Setup</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#Power_supply"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Power supply</span></a>
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<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#Measurements_at_the_C165_pins"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Measurements at the C165 pins</span></a>
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<li class="toclevel-3"><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#Board_A"><span class="tocnumber">2.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">Board A</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3"><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#Board_B"><span class="tocnumber">2.1.2</span> <span class="toctext">Board B</span></a></li>
</ul>
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<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#Measurements_at_pins_1_and_6_of_U14"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Measurements at pins 1 and 6 of U14</span></a>
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<li class="toclevel-3"><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#Board_A_2"><span class="tocnumber">2.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Board A</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-3"><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#Board_B_2"><span class="tocnumber">2.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Board B</span></a></li>
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<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#DDR_clock"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">DDR clock</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#Address_line"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Address line</span></a>
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<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#Board_A_3"><span class="tocnumber">4.1</span> <span class="toctext">Board A</span></a></li>
<li class="toclevel-2"><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#Board_B_3"><span class="tocnumber">4.2</span> <span class="toctext">Board B</span></a></li>
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<li class="toclevel-1"><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements.html#Data_line"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Data line</span></a></li>
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<a name="Setup" id="Setup"></a><h1><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://milkymist.org/wiki/index.php?title=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Setup">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Setup </span></h1>
<p>Measurements were carried out using an Agilent 20Gs/s oscilloscope with a 6 GHz bandwidth and a 7 GHz Agilent differential probe.
</p><p>Two boards were used:
</p>
<ul><li> Board A is the original RC1, with no modification (original decoupling capacitors and 33 ohm DDR series resistors)
</li><li> Board B has the DDR series resistors replaced with 49 ohm resistors and additional 100uF capacitors were installed on C165 and C161 and 100nF capacitors on C162, C166, C159 and C160. The original capacitors were still present and the installed capacitors were soldered in parallel (on top of them).
</li></ul>
<a name="Power_supply" id="Power_supply"></a><h1><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://milkymist.org/wiki/index.php?title=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Power supply">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Power supply </span></h1>
<p>Measurements show that the decoupling capacitors of the DDR are a bit weak. The spike depicted below happens when the DRAM is refreshed; transfers cause similar (but less marked) transients.
</p><p>Board B with the additional capacitors has less noise in the power supply.
</p>
<a name="Measurements_at_the_C165_pins" id="Measurements_at_the_C165_pins"></a><h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://milkymist.org/wiki/index.php?title=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Measurements at the C165 pins">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Measurements at the C165 pins </span></h2>
<a name="Board_A" id="Board_A"></a><h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://milkymist.org/wiki/index.php?title=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Board A">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Board A </span></h3>
<p>A transient of roughly 100mV peak to peak is present.
</p><p><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=File:C165_10nF.jpg.html" class="image" title="File:C165 10nF.jpg"><img alt="File:C165 10nF.jpg" src="images/a/a1/C165_10nF.jpg" width="640" height="480" border="0" /></a>
</p>
<a name="Board_B" id="Board_B"></a><h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://milkymist.org/wiki/index.php?title=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Board B">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Board B </span></h3>
<p>The additional 100uF capacitor effectively removes the voltage transient at its pins.
</p><p><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=File:C165_100uF_b.jpg.html" class="image" title="File:C165 100uF b.jpg"><img alt="File:C165 100uF b.jpg" src="images/a/a4/C165_100uF_b.jpg" width="640" height="480" border="0" /></a>
</p>
<a name="Measurements_at_pins_1_and_6_of_U14" id="Measurements_at_pins_1_and_6_of_U14"></a><h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://milkymist.org/wiki/index.php?title=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Measurements at pins 1 and 6 of U14">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Measurements at pins 1 and 6 of U14 </span></h2>
<p>Again, noise and transients are present, but not as marked as on C165. From the measurements taken, the extra capacitors' effect is unclear.
</p>
<a name="Board_A_2" id="Board_A_2"></a><h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://milkymist.org/wiki/index.php?title=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Board A">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Board A </span></h3>
<p><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=File:DDR_U14_1-6_10nF.jpg.html" class="image" title="File:DDR U14 1-6 10nF.jpg"><img alt="File:DDR U14 1-6 10nF.jpg" src="images/1/16/DDR_U14_1-6_10nF.jpg" width="640" height="480" border="0" /></a>
</p>
<a name="Board_B_2" id="Board_B_2"></a><h3><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://milkymist.org/wiki/index.php?title=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Board B">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Board B </span></h3>
<p><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=File:DDR_U14_1-6_100uF_b.jpg.html" class="image" title="File:DDR U14 1-6 100uF b.jpg"><img alt="File:DDR U14 1-6 100uF b.jpg" src="images/0/03/DDR_U14_1-6_100uF_b.jpg" width="640" height="480" border="0" /></a>
</p>
<a name="DDR_clock" id="DDR_clock"></a><h1><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://milkymist.org/wiki/index.php?title=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: DDR clock">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> DDR clock </span></h1>
<p>Measured on the board A only, the DDR differential clock is clean and meets the amplitude requirement of the DDRAM datasheet (see p. 21). Individual signal measurement was not performed.
</p><p><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=File:Clk_DDR.jpg.html" class="image" title="File:Clk DDR.jpg"><img alt="File:Clk DDR.jpg" src="images/b/b4/Clk_DDR.jpg" width="640" height="480" border="0" /></a>
</p>
<a name="Address_line" id="Address_line"></a><h1><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://milkymist.org/wiki/index.php?title=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Address line">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Address line </span></h1>
<p>Measurement was taken on the A5 line of U15 with the FPGA transmitting a continuous 12.5MHz square wave using the SSTLII class I I/O standard. Using the 49 ohm resistor results in less overshoot, but also slower rise and fall times.
</p>
<a name="Board_A_3" id="Board_A_3"></a><h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://milkymist.org/wiki/index.php?title=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: Board A">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Board A </span></h2>
<p><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=File:Pulse_A5_U15_33ohms_10nF.jpg.html" class="image" title="File:Pulse A5 U15 33ohms 10nF.jpg"><img alt="File:Pulse A5 U15 33ohms 10nF.jpg" src="images/5/53/Pulse_A5_U15_33ohms_10nF.jpg" width="640" height="480" border="0" /></a>
</p>
<a name="Board_B_3" id="Board_B_3"></a><h2><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://milkymist.org/wiki/index.php?title=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: Board B">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Board B </span></h2>
<p><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=File:Pulse_A5_U15_49ohms_100uF.jpg.html" class="image" title="File:Pulse A5 U15 49ohms 100uF.jpg"><img alt="File:Pulse A5 U15 49ohms 100uF.jpg" src="images/2/26/Pulse_A5_U15_49ohms_100uF.jpg" width="640" height="480" border="0" /></a>
</p>
<a name="Data_line" id="Data_line"></a><h1><span class="editsection">[<a href="http://milkymist.org/wiki/index.php?title=M1_RC1_signal_integrity_measurements&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Data line">edit</a>]</span> <span class="mw-headline"> Data line </span></h1>
<p>The DQ14 pin at the U15 DRAM was measured on board A with the demo firmware running on SoC v0.8. The DRAM and the FPGA are alternatively driving the pin. The scope probe was inverted so the zero point is actually at the top. Slow transistions of the signal to 0 correspond to the DQ line being tri-stated and discharging. Measurements do not expose particular signal integrity problems on DQ.
</p><p><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=File:DQ14_U15_33ohms_10nF_a.jpg.html" class="image" title="File:DQ14 U15 33ohms 10nF a.jpg"><img alt="File:DQ14 U15 33ohms 10nF a.jpg" src="images/4/45/DQ14_U15_33ohms_10nF_a.jpg" width="640" height="480" border="0" /></a>
</p><p><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=File:DQ14_U15_33ohms_10nF_b.jpg.html" class="image" title="File:DQ14 U15 33ohms 10nF b.jpg"><img alt="File:DQ14 U15 33ohms 10nF b.jpg" src="images/d/d4/DQ14_U15_33ohms_10nF_b.jpg" width="640" height="480" border="0" /></a>
</p><p><a href="index.php%3Ftitle=File:DQ14_U15_33ohms_10nF_c.jpg.html" class="image" title="File:DQ14 U15 33ohms 10nF c.jpg"><img alt="File:DQ14 U15 33ohms 10nF c.jpg" src="images/c/cd/DQ14_U15_33ohms_10nF_c.jpg" width="640" height="480" border="0" /></a>
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