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firmware/i2c: rewrite I2C implementation

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* Never drive SDL or SDA high. They are specified to be open
  collector/drain and pulled up by resistive pullups. Driving
  high fails miserably in a multi-master topology (e.g. with
  a USB I2C interface). It would only ever be implemented to
  speed up the bus actively but that's tricky and completely
  unnecessary here.
* Make the handover states between the I2C protocol phases (start, stop,
  restart, write, read) well defined. Add comments stressing those
  pre/postconditions.
* Add checks for SDA arbitration failures and stuck SCL.
* Remove wrong, misleading or redundant comments.
This commit is contained in:
Robert Jördens 2020-07-14 17:33:32 +00:00 committed by Sébastien Bourdeauducq
parent 4340a5cfc1
commit e31ee1f0b3
1 changed files with 55 additions and 45 deletions
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100
artiq/firmware/libboard_misoc/i2c.rs
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@ -14,6 +14,12 @@ mod imp {
}
}
fn scl_i(busno: u8) -> bool {
unsafe {
csr::i2c::in_read() & scl_bit(busno) != 0
}
}
fn sda_oe(busno: u8, oe: bool) {
unsafe {
let reg = csr::i2c::oe_read();
@ -49,13 +55,10 @@ mod imp {
pub fn init() -> Result<(), &'static str> {
for busno in 0..csr::CONFIG_I2C_BUS_COUNT {
let busno = busno as u8;
// Set SCL as output, and high level
scl_o(busno, true);
scl_oe(busno, true);
// Prepare a zero level on SDA so that sda_oe pulls it down
sda_o(busno, false);
// Release SDA
scl_oe(busno, false);
sda_oe(busno, false);
scl_o(busno, false);
sda_o(busno, false);
// Check the I2C bus is ready
half_period();
@ -63,9 +66,9 @@ mod imp {
if !sda_i(busno) {
// Try toggling SCL a few times
for _bit in 0..8 {
scl_o(busno, false);
scl_oe(busno, true);
half_period();
scl_o(busno, true);
scl_oe(busno, false);
half_period();
}
}
@ -73,6 +76,10 @@ mod imp {
if !sda_i(busno) {
return Err("SDA is stuck low and doesn't get unstuck");
}
if !scl_i(busno) {
return Err("SCL is stuck low and doesn't get unstuck");
}
// postcondition: SCL and SDA high
}
Ok(())
}
@ -81,11 +88,17 @@ mod imp {
if busno as u32 >= csr::CONFIG_I2C_BUS_COUNT {
return Err(INVALID_BUS)
}
// Set SCL high then SDA low
scl_o(busno, true);
half_period();
// precondition: SCL and SDA high
if !scl_i(busno) {
return Err("SCL is stuck low and doesn't get unstuck");
}
if !sda_i(busno) {
return Err("SDA arbitration lost");
}
sda_oe(busno, true);
half_period();
scl_oe(busno, true);
// postcondition: SCL and SDA low
Ok(())
}
@ -93,13 +106,13 @@ mod imp {
if busno as u32 >= csr::CONFIG_I2C_BUS_COUNT {
return Err(INVALID_BUS)
}
// Set SCL low then SDA high */
scl_o(busno, false);
half_period();
// precondition SCL and SDA low
sda_oe(busno, false);
half_period();
// Do a regular start
scl_oe(busno, false);
half_period();
start(busno)?;
// postcondition: SCL and SDA low
Ok(())
}
@ -107,15 +120,16 @@ mod imp {
if busno as u32 >= csr::CONFIG_I2C_BUS_COUNT {
return Err(INVALID_BUS)
}
// First, make sure SCL is low, so that the target releases the SDA line
scl_o(busno, false);
// precondition: SCL and SDA low
half_period();
// Set SCL high then SDA high
sda_oe(busno, true);
scl_o(busno, true);
scl_oe(busno, false);
half_period();
sda_oe(busno, false);
half_period();
if !sda_i(busno) {
return Err("SDA arbitration lost");
}
// postcondition: SCL and SDA high
Ok(())
}
@ -123,57 +137,53 @@ mod imp {
if busno as u32 >= csr::CONFIG_I2C_BUS_COUNT {
return Err(INVALID_BUS)
}
// precondition: SCL and SDA low
// MSB first
for bit in (0..8).rev() {
// Set SCL low and set our bit on SDA
scl_o(busno, false);
sda_oe(busno, data & (1 << bit) == 0);
half_period();
// Set SCL high ; data is shifted on the rising edge of SCL
scl_o(busno, true);
scl_oe(busno, false);
half_period();
scl_oe(busno, true);
}
// Check ack
// Set SCL low, then release SDA so that the I2C target can respond
scl_o(busno, false);
half_period();
sda_oe(busno, false);
// Set SCL high and check for ack
scl_o(busno, true);
half_period();
// returns true if acked (I2C target pulled SDA low)
Ok(!sda_i(busno))
scl_oe(busno, false);
half_period();
// Read ack/nack
let ack = !sda_i(busno);
scl_oe(busno, true);
sda_oe(busno, true);
// postcondition: SCL and SDA low
Ok(ack)
}
pub fn read(busno: u8, ack: bool) -> Result<u8, &'static str> {
if busno as u32 >= csr::CONFIG_I2C_BUS_COUNT {
return Err(INVALID_BUS)
}
// Set SCL low first, otherwise setting SDA as input may cause a transition
// on SDA with SCL high which will be interpreted as START/STOP condition.
scl_o(busno, false);
half_period(); // make sure SCL has settled low
// precondition: SCL and SDA low
sda_oe(busno, false);
let mut data: u8 = 0;
// MSB first
for bit in (0..8).rev() {
scl_o(busno, false);
half_period();
// Set SCL high and shift data
scl_o(busno, true);
scl_oe(busno, false);
half_period();
if sda_i(busno) { data |= 1 << bit }
scl_oe(busno, true);
}
// Send ack
// Set SCL low and pull SDA low when acking
scl_o(busno, false);
if ack { sda_oe(busno, true) }
// Send ack/nack
sda_oe(busno, ack);
half_period();
// then set SCL high
scl_o(busno, true);
scl_oe(busno, false);
half_period();
scl_oe(busno, true);
sda_oe(busno, true);
// postcondition: SCL and SDA low
Ok(data)
}