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- [Sinara 8451 Thermostat](./hw/thermostat.md)
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- [Software/Support](./sw_sup/software_support.md)
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- [Networking](./sw_sup/networking.md)
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- [DRTIO](./sw_sup/drtio.md)
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- [UART Logs](./sw_sup/uart_logs.md)
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- [Flashing the Firmware](./sw_sup/flashing_firmware.md)
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- [Moninj](./sw_sup/moninj.md)
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# DRTIO
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This page intends to help users solve problems with their DRTIO systems.
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## Description (from user experience)
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[Distributed Real Time Input/Output](https://m-labs.hk/artiq/manual/drtio.html) - allows almost seamlessly connecting several satellites to one master crate,
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so that all the crates can be controlled as one whole crate. The connection between the crates is done either by passive copper
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direct attach cables (suitable for one-crate setups) or optical fibers SFP+ adapters (suitable for multiple crates that
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can be distributed up to [several kilometers](https://github.com/m-labs/artiq/issues/2022)). The DRTIO protocol is not
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compatible with Ethernet, and moreover, satellites do not have any network access and can be controlled only by master.
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However, both star (2 levels) and tree topologies are supported as well,
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with default one being the star (one master and up to 3-4 directly connected satellites), and if any chaining is needed, the
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routing table setup is needed.
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To switch between satellite/master/standalone variants you just need to flash appropriate firmware, and set the respective `base`
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field in the JSON description.
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The master will attempt to connect the satellite whenever it sees that there are SFPs plugged in. For this purpose,
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it will _ping_ the satellite until it establishes the connection. This connection process can be observed from the logs:
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```rust
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// successful connection
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[ 5385.011286s] INFO(runtime::rtio_mgt::drtio): [LINK#1] link RX became up, pinging
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[ 5390.219274s] INFO(runtime::rtio_mgt::drtio): [LINK#1] remote replied after 27 packets
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[ 5390.257152s] INFO(runtime::rtio_mgt::drtio): [LINK#1] link initialization completed
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[ 5390.264854s] INFO(runtime::rtio_mgt::drtio): [DEST#2] destination is up
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[ 5390.271567s] INFO(runtime::rtio_mgt::drtio): [DEST#2] buffer space is 128
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// not successful connection:
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[ 95.269811s] INFO(runtime::rtio_mgt::drtio): [LINK#1] link RX became up, pinging
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[ 115.076772s] ERROR(runtime::rtio_mgt::drtio): [LINK#1] ping failed
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```
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During the connection, the clock signal is being distributed, effectively making the clocks across crates to be synchronized.
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## Common problems
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### Master and satellite do not connect with each other
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* Shady cables and SFP adapters are often the cause, use the adapters from reputable sources, or better, use the one we ship.
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You may also contact our helpdesk to get help in choosing the right adapters if needed.
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* The adapter is not pushed until the end. You shouldn't be able to pull out the adapters without pulling the petals/handles.
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* The fiber is not properly connected - you shouldn't be able to pull it out without squeezing the handle. Also the optics
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may be dirty or damaged.
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* Wrong setups - master to master, standalone to standalone. Messing up with SFP ports generally makes it unusable,
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but the connection should be established in most cases.
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