comm_analyzer: add WaveformManager, WaveformChannel

artiq/compiler/embedding.py

@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ class SpecializedFunction:
 
 
 class EmbeddingMap:
-    def __init__(self):
+    def __init__(self, subkernels={}):
         self.object_current_key = 0
         self.object_forward_map = {}
         self.object_reverse_map = {}
@@ -65,6 +65,13 @@ class EmbeddingMap:
         self.str_forward_map = {}
         self.str_reverse_map = {}
         
+        # subkernels: dict of ID: function, just like object_forward_map
+        # allow the embedding map to be aware of subkernels from other kernels
+        for key, obj_ref in subkernels.items():
+            self.object_forward_map[key] = obj_ref
+            obj_id = id(obj_ref)
+            self.object_reverse_map[obj_id] = key
+
         self.preallocate_runtime_exception_names(["RuntimeError",
                                                   "RTIOUnderflow",
                                                   "RTIOOverflow",
@@ -165,6 +172,11 @@ class EmbeddingMap:
             return self.object_reverse_map[obj_id]
 
         self.object_current_key += 1
+        while self.object_forward_map.get(self.object_current_key):
+            # make sure there's no collisions with previously inserted subkernels
+            # their identifiers must be consistent between kernels/subkernels
+            self.object_current_key += 1
+        
         self.object_forward_map[self.object_current_key] = obj_ref
         self.object_reverse_map[obj_id] = self.object_current_key
         return self.object_current_key
@@ -200,10 +212,6 @@ class EmbeddingMap:
                 self.object_forward_map.values()
             ))
 
-    def has_rpc_or_subkernel(self):
-        return any(filter(lambda x: inspect.isfunction(x) or inspect.ismethod(x),
-                          self.object_forward_map.values()))
-
 
 class ASTSynthesizer:
     def __init__(self, embedding_map, value_map, quote_function=None, expanded_from=None):
@@ -794,7 +802,7 @@ class TypedtreeHasher(algorithm.Visitor):
         return hash(tuple(freeze(getattr(node, field_name)) for field_name in fields))
 
 class Stitcher:
-    def __init__(self, core, dmgr, engine=None, print_as_rpc=True, destination=0, subkernel_arg_types=[]):
+    def __init__(self, core, dmgr, engine=None, print_as_rpc=True, destination=0, subkernel_arg_types=[], subkernels={}):
         self.core = core
         self.dmgr = dmgr
         if engine is None:
@@ -816,7 +824,7 @@ class Stitcher:
 
         self.functions = {}
 
-        self.embedding_map = EmbeddingMap()
+        self.embedding_map = EmbeddingMap(subkernels)
         self.value_map = defaultdict(lambda: [])
         self.definitely_changed = False
 

artiq/compiler/transforms/artiq_ir_generator.py

@@ -2557,7 +2557,8 @@ class ARTIQIRGenerator(algorithm.Visitor):
             if types.is_method(fn):
                 fn = types.get_method_function(fn)
             sid = ir.Constant(fn.sid, builtins.TInt32())
-            return self.append(ir.Builtin("subkernel_preload", [sid], builtins.TNone()))
+            dest = ir.Constant(fn.destination, builtins.TInt32())
+            return self.append(ir.Builtin("subkernel_preload", [sid, dest], builtins.TNone()))
         elif types.is_exn_constructor(typ):
             return self.alloc_exn(node.type, *[self.visit(arg_node) for arg_node in node.args])
         elif types.is_constructor(typ):

artiq/compiler/transforms/llvm_ir_generator.py

@@ -399,9 +399,9 @@ class LLVMIRGenerator:
             llty = ll.FunctionType(lli32, [llptr])
 
         elif name == "subkernel_send_message":
-            llty = ll.FunctionType(llvoid, [lli32, lli8, llsliceptr, llptrptr])
+            llty = ll.FunctionType(llvoid, [lli32, lli1, lli8, lli8, llsliceptr, llptrptr])
         elif name == "subkernel_load_run":
-            llty = ll.FunctionType(llvoid, [lli32, lli1])
+            llty = ll.FunctionType(llvoid, [lli32, lli8, lli1])
         elif name == "subkernel_await_finish":
             llty = ll.FunctionType(llvoid, [lli32, lli64])
         elif name == "subkernel_await_message":
@@ -1417,7 +1417,8 @@ class LLVMIRGenerator:
             return self._build_rpc_recv(insn.type, llstackptr)
         elif insn.op == "subkernel_preload":
             llsid = self.map(insn.operands[0])
-            return self.llbuilder.call(self.llbuiltin("subkernel_load_run"), [llsid, ll.Constant(lli1, 0)], 
+            lldest = ll.Constant(lli8, insn.operands[1].value)
+            return self.llbuilder.call(self.llbuiltin("subkernel_load_run"), [llsid, lldest, ll.Constant(lli1, 0)], 
                                 name="subkernel.preload")
         else:
             assert False
@@ -1660,6 +1661,7 @@ class LLVMIRGenerator:
 
     def _build_subkernel_call(self, fun_loc, fun_type, args):
         llsid = ll.Constant(lli32, fun_type.sid)
+        lldest = ll.Constant(lli8, fun_type.destination)
         tag = b""
 
         for arg in args:
@@ -1678,7 +1680,7 @@ class LLVMIRGenerator:
         tag += b":"
 
         # run the kernel first
-        self.llbuilder.call(self.llbuiltin("subkernel_load_run"), [llsid, ll.Constant(lli1, 1)])
+        self.llbuilder.call(self.llbuiltin("subkernel_load_run"), [llsid, lldest, ll.Constant(lli1, 1)])
 
         # arg sent in the same vein as RPC
         llstackptr = self.llbuilder.call(self.llbuiltin("llvm.stacksave"), [],
@@ -1708,8 +1710,10 @@ class LLVMIRGenerator:
 
             llargcount = ll.Constant(lli8, len(args))
 
+            llisreturn = ll.Constant(lli1, False)
+
             self.llbuilder.call(self.llbuiltin("subkernel_send_message"),
-                                [llsid, llargcount, lltagptr, llargs])
+                                [llsid, llisreturn, lldest, llargcount, lltagptr, llargs])
             self.llbuilder.call(self.llbuiltin("llvm.stackrestore"), [llstackptr])
 
         return llsid
@@ -1746,10 +1750,12 @@ class LLVMIRGenerator:
         llretslot = self.llbuilder.bitcast(llretslot, llptr)
         self.llbuilder.store(llretslot, llrets)
 
-        llsid = ll.Constant(lli32, 0)  # return goes back to master, sid is ignored
+        llsid = ll.Constant(lli32, 0)  # return goes back to the caller, sid is ignored
         lltagcount = ll.Constant(lli8, 1)  # only one thing is returned
+        llisreturn = ll.Constant(lli1, True)  # it's a return, so destination is ignored
+        lldest = ll.Constant(lli8, 0)
         self.llbuilder.call(self.llbuiltin("subkernel_send_message"),
-                            [llsid, lltagcount, lltagptr, llrets])
+                            [llsid, llisreturn, lldest, lltagcount, lltagptr, llrets])
 
     def process_Call(self, insn):
         functiontyp = insn.target_function().type

artiq/coredevice/comm_analyzer.py

@@ -34,6 +34,13 @@ class ExceptionType(Enum):
     i_overflow = 0b100001
 
 
+class WaveformType(Enum):
+    ANALOG = 0
+    BIT = 1
+    VECTOR = 2
+    LOG = 3
+
+
 def get_analyzer_dump(host, port=1382):
     sock = socket.create_connection((host, port))
     try:
@@ -150,6 +157,12 @@ class VCDChannel:
         integer_cast = struct.unpack(">Q", struct.pack(">d", x))[0]
         self.set_value("{:064b}".format(integer_cast))
 
+    def set_log(self, log_message):
+        value = ""
+        for c in log_message:
+            value += "{:08b}".format(ord(c))
+        self.set_value(value)
+
 
 class VCDManager:
     def __init__(self, fileobj):
@@ -160,15 +173,15 @@ class VCDManager:
     def set_timescale_ps(self, timescale):
         self.out.write("$timescale {}ps $end\n".format(round(timescale)))
 
-    def get_channel(self, name, width):
+    def get_channel(self, name, width, ty):
         code = next(self.codes)
         self.out.write("$var wire {width} {code} {name} $end\n"
                        .format(name=name, code=code, width=width))
         return VCDChannel(self.out, code)
 
     @contextmanager
-    def scope(self, name):
-        self.out.write("$scope module {} $end\n".format(name))
+    def scope(self, scope, name):
+        self.out.write("$scope module {}/{} $end\n".format(scope, name))
         yield
         self.out.write("$upscope $end\n")
 
@@ -177,11 +190,66 @@ class VCDManager:
             self.out.write("#{}\n".format(time))
             self.current_time = time
 
+    def set_end_time(self, time):
+        pass
+
+
+class WaveformManager:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.current_time = 0
+        self.channels = list()
+        self.current_scope = ""
+        self.trace = {"timescale": 1, "stopped_x": None, "logs": dict(), "data": dict()}
+
+    def set_timescale_ps(self, timescale):
+        self.trace["timescale"] = int(timescale)
+
+    def get_channel(self, name, width, ty):
+        if ty == WaveformType.LOG:
+            data = self.trace["logs"][self.current_scope + name] = list()
+        else:
+            data = self.trace["data"][self.current_scope + name] = list()
+        channel = WaveformChannel(data, self.current_time)
+        self.channels.append(channel)
+        return channel
+
+    @contextmanager
+    def scope(self, scope, name):
+        old_scope = self.current_scope
+        self.current_scope = scope + "/"
+        yield
+        self.current_scope = old_scope
+
+    def set_time(self, time):
+        for channel in self.channels:
+            channel.set_time(time)
+
+    def set_end_time(self, time):
+        self.trace["stopped_x"] = time
+
+
+class WaveformChannel:
+    def __init__(self, data, current_time):
+        self.data = data
+        self.current_time = current_time
+
+    def set_value(self, value):
+        self.data.append((self.current_time, value))
+
+    def set_value_double(self, x):
+        self.data.append((self.current_time, x))
+
+    def set_time(self, time):
+        self.current_time = time
+
+    def set_log(self, log_message):
+        self.data.append((self.current_time, log_message))
+
 
 class TTLHandler:
-    def __init__(self, vcd_manager, name):
+    def __init__(self, manager, name):
         self.name = name
-        self.channel_value = vcd_manager.get_channel("ttl/" + name, 1)
+        self.channel_value = manager.get_channel("ttl/" + name, 1, ty=WaveformType.BIT)
         self.last_value = "X"
         self.oe = True
 
@@ -206,11 +274,11 @@ class TTLHandler:
 
 
 class TTLClockGenHandler:
-    def __init__(self, vcd_manager, name, ref_period):
+    def __init__(self, manager, name, ref_period):
         self.name = name
         self.ref_period = ref_period
-        self.channel_frequency = vcd_manager.get_channel(
-            "ttl_clkgen/" + name, 64)
+        self.channel_frequency = manager.get_channel(
+            "ttl_clkgen/" + name, 64, ty=WaveformType.ANALOG)
 
     def process_message(self, message):
         if isinstance(message, OutputMessage):
@@ -221,8 +289,8 @@ class TTLClockGenHandler:
 
 
 class DDSHandler:
-    def __init__(self, vcd_manager, onehot_sel, sysclk):
-        self.vcd_manager = vcd_manager
+    def __init__(self, manager, onehot_sel, sysclk):
+        self.manager = manager
         self.onehot_sel = onehot_sel
         self.sysclk = sysclk
 
@@ -231,11 +299,11 @@ class DDSHandler:
 
     def add_dds_channel(self, name, dds_channel_nr):
         dds_channel = dict()
-        with self.vcd_manager.scope("dds/{}".format(name)):
+        with self.manager.scope("dds", name):
             dds_channel["vcd_frequency"] = \
-                self.vcd_manager.get_channel(name + "/frequency", 64)
+                self.manager.get_channel(name + "/frequency", 64, ty=WaveformType.ANALOG)
             dds_channel["vcd_phase"] = \
-                self.vcd_manager.get_channel(name + "/phase", 64)
+                self.manager.get_channel(name + "/phase", 64, ty=WaveformType.ANALOG)
         dds_channel["ftw"] = [None, None]
         dds_channel["pow"] = None
         self.dds_channels[dds_channel_nr] = dds_channel
@@ -285,10 +353,10 @@ class DDSHandler:
 
 
 class WishboneHandler:
-    def __init__(self, vcd_manager, name, read_bit):
+    def __init__(self, manager, name, read_bit):
         self._reads = []
         self._read_bit = read_bit
-        self.stb = vcd_manager.get_channel("{}/{}".format(name, "stb"), 1)
+        self.stb = manager.get_channel(name + "/stb", 1, ty=WaveformType.BIT)
 
     def process_message(self, message):
         self.stb.set_value("1")
@@ -318,16 +386,17 @@ class WishboneHandler:
 
 
 class SPIMasterHandler(WishboneHandler):
-    def __init__(self, vcd_manager, name):
+    def __init__(self, manager, name):
         self.channels = {}
-        with vcd_manager.scope("spi/{}".format(name)):
-            super().__init__(vcd_manager, name, read_bit=0b100)
+        self.scope = "spi"
+        with manager.scope("spi", name):
+            super().__init__(manager, name, read_bit=0b100)
             for reg_name, reg_width in [
                     ("config", 32), ("chip_select", 16),
                     ("write_length", 8), ("read_length", 8),
                     ("write", 32), ("read", 32)]:
-                self.channels[reg_name] = vcd_manager.get_channel(
-                        "{}/{}".format(name, reg_name), reg_width)
+                self.channels[reg_name] = manager.get_channel(
+                    "{}/{}".format(name, reg_name), reg_width, ty=WaveformType.VECTOR)
 
     def process_write(self, address, data):
         if address == 0:
@@ -352,11 +421,12 @@ class SPIMasterHandler(WishboneHandler):
 
 
 class SPIMaster2Handler(WishboneHandler):
-    def __init__(self, vcd_manager, name):
+    def __init__(self, manager, name):
         self._reads = []
         self.channels = {}
-        with vcd_manager.scope("spi2/{}".format(name)):
-            self.stb = vcd_manager.get_channel("{}/{}".format(name, "stb"), 1)
+        self.scope = "spi2"
+        with manager.scope("spi2", name):
+            self.stb = manager.get_channel(name + "/stb", 1, ty=WaveformType.BIT)
             for reg_name, reg_width in [
                     ("flags", 8),
                     ("length", 5),
@@ -364,8 +434,8 @@ class SPIMaster2Handler(WishboneHandler):
                     ("chip_select", 8),
                     ("write", 32),
                     ("read", 32)]:
-                self.channels[reg_name] = vcd_manager.get_channel(
-                        "{}/{}".format(name, reg_name), reg_width)
+                self.channels[reg_name] = manager.get_channel(
+                    "{}/{}".format(name, reg_name), reg_width, ty=WaveformType.VECTOR)
 
     def process_message(self, message):
         self.stb.set_value("1")
@@ -413,11 +483,12 @@ def _extract_log_chars(data):
 
 
 class LogHandler:
-    def __init__(self, vcd_manager, vcd_log_channels):
-        self.vcd_channels = dict()
-        for name, maxlength in vcd_log_channels.items():
-            self.vcd_channels[name] = vcd_manager.get_channel("log/" + name,
-                                                              maxlength*8)
+    def __init__(self, manager, log_channels):
+        self.channels = dict()
+        for name, maxlength in log_channels.items():
+            self.channels[name] = manager.get_channel("logs/" + name,
+                                                      maxlength * 8,
+                                                      ty=WaveformType.LOG)
         self.current_entry = ""
 
     def process_message(self, message):
@@ -425,15 +496,12 @@ class LogHandler:
             self.current_entry += _extract_log_chars(message.data)
             if len(self.current_entry) > 1 and self.current_entry[-1] == "\x1D":
                 channel_name, log_message = self.current_entry[:-1].split("\x1E", maxsplit=1)
-                vcd_value = ""
-                for c in log_message:
-                    vcd_value += "{:08b}".format(ord(c))
-                self.vcd_channels[channel_name].set_value(vcd_value)
+                self.channels[channel_name].set_log(log_message)
                 self.current_entry = ""
 
 
-def get_vcd_log_channels(log_channel, messages):
-    vcd_log_channels = dict()
+def get_log_channels(log_channel, messages):
+    log_channels = dict()
     log_entry = ""
     for message in messages:
         if (isinstance(message, OutputMessage)
@@ -442,13 +510,13 @@ def get_vcd_log_channels(log_channel, messages):
             if len(log_entry) > 1 and log_entry[-1] == "\x1D":
                 channel_name, log_message = log_entry[:-1].split("\x1E", maxsplit=1)
                 l = len(log_message)
-                if channel_name in vcd_log_channels:
-                    if vcd_log_channels[channel_name] < l:
-                        vcd_log_channels[channel_name] = l
+                if channel_name in log_channels:
+                    if log_channels[channel_name] < l:
+                        log_channels[channel_name] = l
                 else:
-                    vcd_log_channels[channel_name] = l
+                    log_channels[channel_name] = l
                 log_entry = ""
-    return vcd_log_channels
+    return log_channels
 
 
 def get_single_device_argument(devices, module, cls, argument):
@@ -475,7 +543,7 @@ def get_dds_sysclk(devices):
                                       ("AD9914",), "sysclk")
 
 
-def create_channel_handlers(vcd_manager, devices, ref_period,
+def create_channel_handlers(manager, devices, ref_period,
                             dds_sysclk, dds_onehot_sel):
     channel_handlers = dict()
     for name, desc in sorted(devices.items(), key=itemgetter(0)):
@@ -483,11 +551,11 @@ def create_channel_handlers(vcd_manager, devices, ref_period,
             if (desc["module"] == "artiq.coredevice.ttl"
                     and desc["class"] in {"TTLOut", "TTLInOut"}):
                 channel = desc["arguments"]["channel"]
-                channel_handlers[channel] = TTLHandler(vcd_manager, name)
+                channel_handlers[channel] = TTLHandler(manager, name)
             if (desc["module"] == "artiq.coredevice.ttl"
                     and desc["class"] == "TTLClockGen"):
                 channel = desc["arguments"]["channel"]
-                channel_handlers[channel] = TTLClockGenHandler(vcd_manager, name, ref_period)
+                channel_handlers[channel] = TTLClockGenHandler(manager, name, ref_period)
             if (desc["module"] == "artiq.coredevice.ad9914"
                     and desc["class"] == "AD9914"):
                 dds_bus_channel = desc["arguments"]["bus_channel"]
@@ -495,14 +563,14 @@ def create_channel_handlers(vcd_manager, devices, ref_period,
                 if dds_bus_channel in channel_handlers:
                     dds_handler = channel_handlers[dds_bus_channel]
                 else:
-                    dds_handler = DDSHandler(vcd_manager, dds_onehot_sel, dds_sysclk)
+                    dds_handler = DDSHandler(manager, dds_onehot_sel, dds_sysclk)
                     channel_handlers[dds_bus_channel] = dds_handler
                 dds_handler.add_dds_channel(name, dds_channel)
             if (desc["module"] == "artiq.coredevice.spi2" and
                     desc["class"] == "SPIMaster"):
                 channel = desc["arguments"]["channel"]
                 channel_handlers[channel] = SPIMaster2Handler(
-                        vcd_manager, name)
+                        manager, name)
     return channel_handlers
 
 
@@ -512,11 +580,21 @@ def get_message_time(message):
 
 def decoded_dump_to_vcd(fileobj, devices, dump, uniform_interval=False):
     vcd_manager = VCDManager(fileobj)
+    decoded_dump_to_target(vcd_manager, devices, dump, uniform_interval)
+
+
+def decoded_dump_to_waveform_data(devices, dump, uniform_interval=False):
+    manager = WaveformManager()
+    decoded_dump_to_target(manager, devices, dump, uniform_interval)
+    return manager.trace
+
+
+def decoded_dump_to_target(manager, devices, dump, uniform_interval):
     ref_period = get_ref_period(devices)
 
     if ref_period is not None:
         if not uniform_interval:
-            vcd_manager.set_timescale_ps(ref_period*1e12)
+            manager.set_timescale_ps(ref_period*1e12)
     else:
         logger.warning("unable to determine core device ref_period")
         ref_period = 1e-9  # guess
@@ -526,6 +604,8 @@ def decoded_dump_to_vcd(fileobj, devices, dump, uniform_interval=False):
         dds_sysclk = 3e9  # guess
 
     if isinstance(dump.messages[-1], StoppedMessage):
+        m = dump.messages[-1]
+        end_time = get_message_time(m)
         messages = dump.messages[:-1]
     else:
         logger.warning("StoppedMessage missing")
@@ -533,20 +613,20 @@ def decoded_dump_to_vcd(fileobj, devices, dump, uniform_interval=False):
     messages = sorted(messages, key=get_message_time)
 
     channel_handlers = create_channel_handlers(
-        vcd_manager, devices, ref_period,
+        manager, devices, ref_period,
         dds_sysclk, dump.dds_onehot_sel)
-    vcd_log_channels = get_vcd_log_channels(dump.log_channel, messages)
+    log_channels = get_log_channels(dump.log_channel, messages)
     channel_handlers[dump.log_channel] = LogHandler(
-        vcd_manager, vcd_log_channels)
+        manager, log_channels)
     if uniform_interval:
         # RTIO event timestamp in machine units
-        timestamp = vcd_manager.get_channel("timestamp", 64)
+        timestamp = manager.get_channel("timestamp", 64, ty=WaveformType.VECTOR)
         # RTIO time interval between this and the next timed event
         # in SI seconds
-        interval = vcd_manager.get_channel("interval", 64)
-    slack = vcd_manager.get_channel("rtio_slack", 64)
+        interval = manager.get_channel("interval", 64, ty=WaveformType.ANALOG)
+    slack = manager.get_channel("rtio_slack", 64, ty=WaveformType.ANALOG)
 
-    vcd_manager.set_time(0)
+    manager.set_time(0)
     start_time = 0
     for m in messages:
         start_time = get_message_time(m)
@@ -560,11 +640,11 @@ def decoded_dump_to_vcd(fileobj, devices, dump, uniform_interval=False):
             if t >= 0:
                 if uniform_interval:
                     interval.set_value_double((t - t0)*ref_period)
-                    vcd_manager.set_time(i)
+                    manager.set_time(i)
                     timestamp.set_value("{:064b}".format(t))
                     t0 = t
                 else:
-                    vcd_manager.set_time(t)
+                    manager.set_time(t)
             channel_handlers[message.channel].process_message(message)
             if isinstance(message, OutputMessage):
                 slack.set_value_double(

artiq/coredevice/core.py

@@ -120,13 +120,15 @@ class Core:
 
     def compile(self, function, args, kwargs, set_result=None,
                 attribute_writeback=True, print_as_rpc=True,
-                target=None, destination=0, subkernel_arg_types=[]):
+                target=None, destination=0, subkernel_arg_types=[],
+                subkernels={}):
         try:
             engine = _DiagnosticEngine(all_errors_are_fatal=True)
 
             stitcher = Stitcher(engine=engine, core=self, dmgr=self.dmgr,
                                 print_as_rpc=print_as_rpc,
-                                destination=destination, subkernel_arg_types=subkernel_arg_types)
+                                destination=destination, subkernel_arg_types=subkernel_arg_types,
+                                subkernels=subkernels)
             stitcher.stitch_call(function, args, kwargs, set_result)
             stitcher.finalize()
 
@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ class Core:
         self._run_compiled(kernel_library, embedding_map, symbolizer, demangler)
         return result
 
-    def compile_subkernel(self, sid, subkernel_fn, embedding_map, args, subkernel_arg_types):
+    def compile_subkernel(self, sid, subkernel_fn, embedding_map, args, subkernel_arg_types, subkernels):
         # pass self to subkernels (if applicable)
         # assuming the first argument is self
         subkernel_args = getfullargspec(subkernel_fn.artiq_embedded.function)
@@ -179,17 +181,30 @@ class Core:
         object_map, kernel_library, _, _, _ = \
             self.compile(subkernel_fn, self_arg, {}, attribute_writeback=False,
                         print_as_rpc=False, target=target, destination=destination, 
-                        subkernel_arg_types=subkernel_arg_types.get(sid, []))
-        if object_map.has_rpc_or_subkernel():
-            raise ValueError("Subkernel must not use RPC or subkernels in other destinations")
-        return destination, kernel_library
+                        subkernel_arg_types=subkernel_arg_types.get(sid, []),
+                        subkernels=subkernels)
+        if object_map.has_rpc():
+            raise ValueError("Subkernel must not use RPC")
+        return destination, kernel_library, object_map
 
     def compile_and_upload_subkernels(self, embedding_map, args, subkernel_arg_types):
-        for sid, subkernel_fn in embedding_map.subkernels().items():
-            destination, kernel_library = \
+        subkernels = embedding_map.subkernels()
+        subkernels_compiled = []
+        while True:
+            new_subkernels = {}
+            for sid, subkernel_fn in subkernels.items():
+                if sid in subkernels_compiled:
+                    continue
+                destination, kernel_library, sub_embedding_map = \
                     self.compile_subkernel(sid, subkernel_fn, embedding_map,
-                                       args, subkernel_arg_types)
+                                        args, subkernel_arg_types, subkernels)
                 self.comm.upload_subkernel(kernel_library, sid, destination)
+                new_subkernels.update(sub_embedding_map.subkernels())
+                subkernels_compiled.append(sid)
+            if new_subkernels == subkernels:
+                break
+            subkernels.update(new_subkernels)
+
 
     def precompile(self, function, *args, **kwargs):
         """Precompile a kernel and return a callable that executes it on the core device

artiq/firmware/ksupport/lib.rs

@@ -453,15 +453,42 @@ extern fn dma_playback(timestamp: i64, ptr: i32, _uses_ddma: bool) {
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(not(kernel_has_rtio_dma))]
+#[cfg(all(not(kernel_has_rtio_dma), not(has_rtio_dma)))]
 #[unwind(allowed)]
 extern fn dma_playback(_timestamp: i64, _ptr: i32, _uses_ddma: bool) {
     unimplemented!("not(kernel_has_rtio_dma)")
 }
 
+// for satellite (has_rtio_dma but not in kernel)
+#[cfg(all(not(kernel_has_rtio_dma), has_rtio_dma))]
 #[unwind(allowed)]
-extern fn subkernel_load_run(id: u32, run: bool) {
-    send(&SubkernelLoadRunRequest { id: id, run: run });
+extern fn dma_playback(timestamp: i64, ptr: i32, _uses_ddma: bool) {
+    // DDMA is always used on satellites, so the `uses_ddma` setting is ignored
+    // StartRemoteRequest reused as "normal" start request
+    send(&DmaStartRemoteRequest { id: ptr as i32, timestamp: timestamp });
+    // skip awaitremoterequest - it's a given
+    recv!(&DmaAwaitRemoteReply { timeout, error, channel, timestamp } => {
+        if timeout {
+            raise!("DMAError",
+                "Error running DMA on satellite device, timed out waiting for results");
+        }
+        if error & 1 != 0 {
+            raise!("RTIOUnderflow",
+                "RTIO underflow at channel {rtio_channel_info:0}, {1} mu",
+                channel as i64, timestamp as i64, 0);
+        }
+        if error & 2 != 0 {
+            raise!("RTIODestinationUnreachable",
+                "RTIO destination unreachable, output, at channel {rtio_channel_info:0}, {1} mu",
+                channel as i64, timestamp as i64, 0);
+        }
+    });
+}
+
+
+#[unwind(allowed)]
+extern fn subkernel_load_run(id: u32, destination: u8, run: bool) {
+    send(&SubkernelLoadRunRequest { id: id, destination: destination, run: run });
     recv!(&SubkernelLoadRunReply { succeeded } => {
         if !succeeded {
             raise!("SubkernelError",
@@ -489,9 +516,11 @@ extern fn subkernel_await_finish(id: u32, timeout: u64) {
 }
 
 #[unwind(aborts)]
-extern fn subkernel_send_message(id: u32, count: u8, tag: &CSlice<u8>, data: *const *const ()) {
+extern fn subkernel_send_message(id: u32, is_return: bool, destination: u8, 
+    count: u8, tag: &CSlice<u8>, data: *const *const ()) {
     send(&SubkernelMsgSend { 
         id: id,
+        destination: if is_return { None } else { Some(destination) },
         count: count,
         tag: tag.as_ref(),
         data: data 

artiq/firmware/libproto_artiq/drtioaux_proto.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ impl<T> From<IoError<T>> for Error<T> {
 // used by satellite -> master analyzer, subkernel exceptions
 pub const SAT_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE: usize  = /*max size*/512 - /*CRC*/4 - /*packet ID*/1 - /*last*/1 - /*length*/2;
 // used by DDMA, subkernel program data (need to provide extra ID and destination)
-pub const MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE: usize = SAT_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE - /*destination*/1 - /*ID*/4;
+pub const MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE: usize = SAT_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE - /*source*/1 - /*destination*/1 - /*ID*/4;
 
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Copy, Debug)]
 #[repr(u8)]
@@ -77,6 +77,8 @@ pub enum Packet {
 
     RoutingSetPath { destination: u8, hops: [u8; 32] },
     RoutingSetRank { rank: u8 },
+    RoutingRetrievePackets,
+    RoutingNoPackets,
     RoutingAck,
 
     MonitorRequest { destination: u8, channel: u16, probe: u8 },
@@ -106,22 +108,26 @@ pub enum Packet {
     AnalyzerDataRequest { destination: u8 },
     AnalyzerData { last: bool, length: u16, data: [u8; SAT_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE]},
 
-    DmaAddTraceRequest { destination: u8, id: u32, status: PayloadStatus, length: u16, trace: [u8; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] },
-    DmaAddTraceReply { succeeded: bool },
-    DmaRemoveTraceRequest { destination: u8, id: u32 },
-    DmaRemoveTraceReply { succeeded: bool },
-    DmaPlaybackRequest { destination: u8, id: u32, timestamp: u64 },
-    DmaPlaybackReply { succeeded: bool },
-    DmaPlaybackStatus { destination: u8, id: u32, error: u8, channel: u32, timestamp: u64 },
+    DmaAddTraceRequest { 
+        source: u8, destination: u8, 
+        id: u32, status: PayloadStatus, 
+        length: u16, trace: [u8; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] 
+    },
+    DmaAddTraceReply { source: u8, destination: u8, id: u32, succeeded: bool },
+    DmaRemoveTraceRequest { source: u8, destination: u8, id: u32 },
+    DmaRemoveTraceReply { destination: u8, succeeded: bool },
+    DmaPlaybackRequest { source: u8, destination: u8, id: u32, timestamp: u64 },
+    DmaPlaybackReply { destination: u8, succeeded: bool },
+    DmaPlaybackStatus { source: u8, destination: u8, id: u32, error: u8, channel: u32, timestamp: u64 },
 
     SubkernelAddDataRequest { destination: u8, id: u32, status: PayloadStatus, length: u16, data: [u8; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] },
     SubkernelAddDataReply { succeeded: bool },
-    SubkernelLoadRunRequest { destination: u8, id: u32, run: bool },
-    SubkernelLoadRunReply { succeeded: bool },
-    SubkernelFinished { id: u32, with_exception: bool },
+    SubkernelLoadRunRequest { source: u8, destination: u8, id: u32, run: bool },
+    SubkernelLoadRunReply { destination: u8, succeeded: bool },
+    SubkernelFinished { destination: u8, id: u32, with_exception: bool, exception_src: u8 },
     SubkernelExceptionRequest { destination: u8 },
     SubkernelException { last: bool, length: u16, data: [u8; SAT_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] },
-    SubkernelMessage { destination: u8, id: u32, status: PayloadStatus, length: u16, data: [u8; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] },
+    SubkernelMessage { source: u8, destination: u8, id: u32, status: PayloadStatus, length: u16, data: [u8; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] },
     SubkernelMessageAck { destination: u8 },
 }
 
@@ -164,6 +170,8 @@ impl Packet {
                 rank: reader.read_u8()?
             },
             0x32 => Packet::RoutingAck,
+            0x33 => Packet::RoutingRetrievePackets,
+            0x34 => Packet::RoutingNoPackets,
 
             0x40 => Packet::MonitorRequest {
                 destination: reader.read_u8()?,
@@ -278,6 +286,7 @@ impl Packet {
             },
 
             0xb0 => {
+                let source = reader.read_u8()?;
                 let destination = reader.read_u8()?;
                 let id = reader.read_u32()?;
                 let status = reader.read_u8()?;
@@ -285,6 +294,7 @@ impl Packet {
                 let mut trace: [u8; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] = [0; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE];
                 reader.read_exact(&mut trace[0..length as usize])?;
                 Packet::DmaAddTraceRequest {
+                    source: source,
                     destination: destination,
                     id: id,
                     status: PayloadStatus::from(status),
@@ -293,24 +303,32 @@ impl Packet {
                 }
             },
             0xb1 => Packet::DmaAddTraceReply {
+                source: reader.read_u8()?,
+                destination: reader.read_u8()?,
+                id: reader.read_u32()?,
                 succeeded: reader.read_bool()?
             },
             0xb2 => Packet::DmaRemoveTraceRequest {
+                source: reader.read_u8()?,
                 destination: reader.read_u8()?,
                 id: reader.read_u32()?
             },
             0xb3 => Packet::DmaRemoveTraceReply {
+                destination: reader.read_u8()?,
                 succeeded: reader.read_bool()?
             },
             0xb4 => Packet::DmaPlaybackRequest {
+                source: reader.read_u8()?,
                 destination: reader.read_u8()?,
                 id: reader.read_u32()?,
                 timestamp: reader.read_u64()?
             },
             0xb5 => Packet::DmaPlaybackReply {
+                destination: reader.read_u8()?,
                 succeeded: reader.read_bool()?
             },
             0xb6 => Packet::DmaPlaybackStatus {
+                source: reader.read_u8()?,
                 destination: reader.read_u8()?,
                 id: reader.read_u32()?,
                 error: reader.read_u8()?,
@@ -337,16 +355,20 @@ impl Packet {
                 succeeded: reader.read_bool()?
             },
             0xc4 => Packet::SubkernelLoadRunRequest {
+                source: reader.read_u8()?,
                 destination: reader.read_u8()?,
                 id: reader.read_u32()?,
                 run: reader.read_bool()?
             },
             0xc5 => Packet::SubkernelLoadRunReply {
+                destination: reader.read_u8()?,
                 succeeded: reader.read_bool()?
             },
             0xc8 => Packet::SubkernelFinished {
+                destination: reader.read_u8()?,
                 id: reader.read_u32()?,
                 with_exception: reader.read_bool()?,
+                exception_src: reader.read_u8()?
             },
             0xc9 => Packet::SubkernelExceptionRequest {
                 destination: reader.read_u8()?
@@ -363,6 +385,7 @@ impl Packet {
                 }
             },
             0xcb => {
+                let source = reader.read_u8()?;
                 let destination = reader.read_u8()?;
                 let id = reader.read_u32()?;
                 let status = reader.read_u8()?;
@@ -370,6 +393,7 @@ impl Packet {
                 let mut data: [u8; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] = [0; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE];
                 reader.read_exact(&mut data[0..length as usize])?;
                 Packet::SubkernelMessage {
+                    source: source,
                     destination: destination,
                     id: id,
                     status: PayloadStatus::from(status),
@@ -432,6 +456,10 @@ impl Packet {
             },
             Packet::RoutingAck =>
                 writer.write_u8(0x32)?,
+            Packet::RoutingRetrievePackets =>
+                writer.write_u8(0x33)?,
+            Packet::RoutingNoPackets =>
+                writer.write_u8(0x34)?,
 
             Packet::MonitorRequest { destination, channel, probe } => {
                 writer.write_u8(0x40)?;
@@ -561,8 +589,9 @@ impl Packet {
                 writer.write_all(&data[0..length as usize])?;
             },
 
-            Packet::DmaAddTraceRequest { destination, id, status, trace, length } => {
+            Packet::DmaAddTraceRequest { source, destination, id, status, trace, length } => {
                 writer.write_u8(0xb0)?;
+                writer.write_u8(source)?;
                 writer.write_u8(destination)?;
                 writer.write_u32(id)?;
                 writer.write_u8(status as u8)?;
@@ -571,31 +600,39 @@ impl Packet {
                 writer.write_u16(length)?;
                 writer.write_all(&trace[0..length as usize])?;
             },
-            Packet::DmaAddTraceReply { succeeded } => {
+            Packet::DmaAddTraceReply { source, destination, id, succeeded } => {
                 writer.write_u8(0xb1)?;
+                writer.write_u8(source)?;
+                writer.write_u8(destination)?;
+                writer.write_u32(id)?;
                 writer.write_bool(succeeded)?;
             },
-            Packet::DmaRemoveTraceRequest { destination, id } => {
+            Packet::DmaRemoveTraceRequest { source, destination, id } => {
                 writer.write_u8(0xb2)?;
+                writer.write_u8(source)?;
                 writer.write_u8(destination)?;
                 writer.write_u32(id)?;
             },
-            Packet::DmaRemoveTraceReply { succeeded } => {
+            Packet::DmaRemoveTraceReply { destination, succeeded } => {
                 writer.write_u8(0xb3)?;
+                writer.write_u8(destination)?;
                 writer.write_bool(succeeded)?;
             },
-            Packet::DmaPlaybackRequest { destination, id, timestamp } => {
+            Packet::DmaPlaybackRequest { source, destination, id, timestamp } => {
                 writer.write_u8(0xb4)?;
+                writer.write_u8(source)?;
                 writer.write_u8(destination)?;
                 writer.write_u32(id)?;
                 writer.write_u64(timestamp)?;
             },
-            Packet::DmaPlaybackReply { succeeded } => {
+            Packet::DmaPlaybackReply { destination, succeeded } => {
                 writer.write_u8(0xb5)?;
+                writer.write_u8(destination)?;
                 writer.write_bool(succeeded)?;
             },
-            Packet::DmaPlaybackStatus { destination, id, error, channel, timestamp } => {
+            Packet::DmaPlaybackStatus { source, destination, id, error, channel, timestamp } => {
                 writer.write_u8(0xb6)?;
+                writer.write_u8(source)?;
                 writer.write_u8(destination)?;
                 writer.write_u32(id)?;
                 writer.write_u8(error)?;
@@ -615,20 +652,24 @@ impl Packet {
                 writer.write_u8(0xc1)?;
                 writer.write_bool(succeeded)?;
             },
-            Packet::SubkernelLoadRunRequest { destination, id, run } => {
+            Packet::SubkernelLoadRunRequest { source, destination, id, run } => {
                 writer.write_u8(0xc4)?;
+                writer.write_u8(source)?;
                 writer.write_u8(destination)?;
                 writer.write_u32(id)?;
                 writer.write_bool(run)?;
             },
-            Packet::SubkernelLoadRunReply { succeeded } => {
+            Packet::SubkernelLoadRunReply { destination, succeeded } => {
                 writer.write_u8(0xc5)?;
+                writer.write_u8(destination)?;
                 writer.write_bool(succeeded)?;
             },
-            Packet::SubkernelFinished { id, with_exception } => {
+            Packet::SubkernelFinished { destination, id, with_exception, exception_src } => {
                 writer.write_u8(0xc8)?;
+                writer.write_u8(destination)?;
                 writer.write_u32(id)?;
                 writer.write_bool(with_exception)?;
+                writer.write_u8(exception_src)?;
             },
             Packet::SubkernelExceptionRequest { destination } => {
                 writer.write_u8(0xc9)?;
@@ -640,8 +681,9 @@ impl Packet {
                 writer.write_u16(length)?;
                 writer.write_all(&data[0..length as usize])?;
             },
-            Packet::SubkernelMessage { destination, id, status, data, length } => {
+            Packet::SubkernelMessage { source, destination, id, status, data, length } => {
                 writer.write_u8(0xcb)?;
+                writer.write_u8(source)?;
                 writer.write_u8(destination)?;
                 writer.write_u32(id)?;
                 writer.write_u8(status as u8)?;
@@ -655,4 +697,36 @@ impl Packet {
         }
         Ok(())
     }
+
+    pub fn routable_destination(&self) -> Option<u8> {
+        // only for packets that could be re-routed, not only forwarded
+        match self {
+            Packet::DmaAddTraceRequest      { destination, .. } => Some(*destination),
+            Packet::DmaAddTraceReply        { destination, .. } => Some(*destination),
+            Packet::DmaRemoveTraceRequest   { destination, .. } => Some(*destination),
+            Packet::DmaRemoveTraceReply     { destination, .. } => Some(*destination),
+            Packet::DmaPlaybackRequest      { destination, .. } => Some(*destination),
+            Packet::DmaPlaybackReply        { destination, .. } => Some(*destination),
+            Packet::SubkernelLoadRunRequest { destination, .. } => Some(*destination),
+            Packet::SubkernelLoadRunReply   { destination, .. } => Some(*destination),
+            Packet::SubkernelMessage        { destination, .. } => Some(*destination),
+            Packet::SubkernelMessageAck     { destination, .. } => Some(*destination),
+            Packet::DmaPlaybackStatus       { destination, .. } => Some(*destination),
+            Packet::SubkernelFinished       { destination, .. } => Some(*destination),
+            _ => None
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn expects_response(&self) -> bool {
+        // returns true if the routable packet should elicit a response
+        // e.g. reply, ACK packets end a conversation,
+        // and firmware should not wait for response
+        match self {
+            Packet::DmaAddTraceReply { .. } | Packet::DmaRemoveTraceReply { .. } |
+                Packet::DmaPlaybackReply { .. } | Packet::SubkernelLoadRunReply { .. } |
+                Packet::SubkernelMessageAck { .. } | Packet::DmaPlaybackStatus { .. } |
+                Packet::SubkernelFinished { .. } => false,
+            _ => true
+        }
+    }
 }

artiq/firmware/libproto_artiq/kernel_proto.rs

@@ -103,11 +103,11 @@ pub enum Message<'a> {
     SpiReadReply { succeeded: bool, data: u32 },
     SpiBasicReply { succeeded: bool },
 
-    SubkernelLoadRunRequest { id: u32, run: bool },
+    SubkernelLoadRunRequest { id: u32, destination: u8, run: bool },
     SubkernelLoadRunReply { succeeded: bool },
     SubkernelAwaitFinishRequest { id: u32, timeout: u64 },
     SubkernelAwaitFinishReply { status: SubkernelStatus },
-    SubkernelMsgSend { id: u32, count: u8, tag: &'a [u8], data: *const *const () },
+    SubkernelMsgSend { id: u32, destination: Option<u8>, count: u8, tag: &'a [u8], data: *const *const () },
     SubkernelMsgRecvRequest { id: u32, timeout: u64, tags: &'a [u8] },
     SubkernelMsgRecvReply { status: SubkernelStatus, count: u8 },
 

artiq/firmware/runtime/kernel.rs

@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ pub mod subkernel {
     pub enum FinishStatus {
         Ok,
         CommLost,
-        Exception
+        Exception(u8) // exception source
     }
 
     #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Clone, Copy)]
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ pub mod subkernel {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    pub fn subkernel_finished(io: &Io, subkernel_mutex: &Mutex, id: u32, with_exception: bool) {
+    pub fn subkernel_finished(io: &Io, subkernel_mutex: &Mutex, id: u32, with_exception: bool, exception_src: u8) {
         // called upon receiving DRTIO SubkernelRunDone
         let _lock = subkernel_mutex.lock(io).unwrap();
         let subkernel = unsafe { SUBKERNELS.get_mut(&id) };
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ pub mod subkernel {
             if subkernel.state == SubkernelState::Running {
                 subkernel.state = SubkernelState::Finished {
                     status: match with_exception {
-                    true => FinishStatus::Exception,
+                    true => FinishStatus::Exception(exception_src),
                     false => FinishStatus::Ok,
                     }
                 }
@@ -266,9 +266,9 @@ pub mod subkernel {
                 Ok(SubkernelFinished {
                     id: id,
                     comm_lost: status == FinishStatus::CommLost,
-                    exception: if status == FinishStatus::Exception { 
+                    exception: if let FinishStatus::Exception(dest) = status { 
                         Some(drtio::subkernel_retrieve_exception(io, aux_mutex,
-                            routing_table, subkernel.destination)?) 
+                            routing_table, dest)?) 
                     } else { None }
                 })
             },
@@ -364,8 +364,11 @@ pub mod subkernel {
         {
             let _lock = subkernel_mutex.lock(io)?;
             match unsafe { SUBKERNELS.get(&id).unwrap().state } {
-                SubkernelState::Finished { .. } => return Err(Error::SubkernelFinished),
+                SubkernelState::Finished { status: FinishStatus::Ok } |
                 SubkernelState::Running => (),
+                SubkernelState::Finished {
+                    status: FinishStatus::CommLost,
+                    } => return Err(Error::SubkernelFinished),
                 _ => return Err(Error::IncorrectState)
             }
         }
@@ -385,7 +388,8 @@ pub mod subkernel {
                 }
             }
             match unsafe { SUBKERNELS.get(&id).unwrap().state } {
-                SubkernelState::Finished { .. } => return Ok(None),
+                SubkernelState::Finished { status: FinishStatus::CommLost } | 
+                    SubkernelState::Finished { status: FinishStatus::Exception(_) }  => return Ok(None),
                 _ => ()
             }
             Err(())

artiq/firmware/runtime/rtio_dma.rs

@@ -167,10 +167,10 @@ pub mod remote_dma {
     }
 
     pub fn playback_done(io: &Io, ddma_mutex: &Mutex, 
-            id: u32, destination: u8, error: u8, channel: u32, timestamp: u64) {
+            id: u32, source: u8, error: u8, channel: u32, timestamp: u64) {
         // called upon receiving PlaybackDone aux packet
         let _lock = ddma_mutex.lock(io).unwrap();
-        let mut trace = unsafe { TRACES.get_mut(&id).unwrap().get_mut(&destination).unwrap() };
+        let mut trace = unsafe { TRACES.get_mut(&id).unwrap().get_mut(&source).unwrap() };
         trace.state = RemoteState::PlaybackEnded {
             error: error, 
             channel: channel, 

artiq/firmware/runtime/rtio_mgt.rs

@@ -78,6 +78,16 @@ pub mod drtio {
         }
     }
 
+    fn link_has_async_ready(linkno: u8) -> bool {
+        let linkno = linkno as usize;
+        let async_ready;
+        unsafe {
+            async_ready = (csr::DRTIO[linkno].async_messages_ready_read)() == 1;
+            (csr::DRTIO[linkno].async_messages_ready_write)(1);
+        }
+        async_ready
+    }
+
     fn recv_aux_timeout(io: &Io, linkno: u8, timeout: u32) -> Result<drtioaux::Packet, Error> {
         let max_time = clock::get_ms() + timeout as u64;
         loop {
@@ -96,27 +106,62 @@ pub mod drtio {
         }
     }
 
-    fn process_async_packets(io: &Io, ddma_mutex: &Mutex, subkernel_mutex: &Mutex, linkno: u8,
-            packet: drtioaux::Packet) -> Option<drtioaux::Packet> {
-        // returns None if an async packet has been consumed
+    fn process_async_packets(io: &Io, aux_mutex: &Mutex, ddma_mutex: &Mutex, subkernel_mutex: &Mutex, 
+            routing_table: &drtio_routing::RoutingTable, linkno: u8)
+    {
+        if link_has_async_ready(linkno) {
+            loop {
+                let reply = aux_transact(io, aux_mutex, linkno, &drtioaux::Packet::RoutingRetrievePackets);
+                if let Ok(packet) = reply {
                     match packet {
-            drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackStatus { id, destination, error, channel, timestamp } => {
-                remote_dma::playback_done(io, ddma_mutex, id, destination, error, channel, timestamp);
-                None
+                        // packets to be consumed locally
+                        drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackStatus { id, source, destination: 0, error, channel, timestamp } => {
+                            remote_dma::playback_done(io, ddma_mutex, id, source, error, channel, timestamp);
                         },
-            drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelFinished { id, with_exception } => {
-                subkernel::subkernel_finished(io, subkernel_mutex, id, with_exception);
-                None
+                        drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelFinished { id, destination: 0, with_exception, exception_src } => {
+                            subkernel::subkernel_finished(io, subkernel_mutex, id, with_exception, exception_src);
                         },
-            drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessage { id, destination: from, status, length, data } => {
+                        drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessage { id, source: from, destination: 0, status, length, data } => {
                             subkernel::message_handle_incoming(io, subkernel_mutex, id, status, length as usize, &data);
                             // acknowledge receiving part of the message
                             drtioaux::send(linkno, 
                                 &drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessageAck { destination: from }
                             ).unwrap();
-                None
+                            // give the satellite some time to process the message
+                            io.sleep(10).unwrap();
+                        },
+                        // routable packets
+                        drtioaux::Packet::DmaAddTraceRequest      { destination, .. } |
+                            drtioaux::Packet::DmaAddTraceReply        { destination, .. } |
+                            drtioaux::Packet::DmaRemoveTraceRequest   { destination, .. } |
+                            drtioaux::Packet::DmaRemoveTraceReply     { destination, .. } |
+                            drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackRequest      { destination, .. } |
+                            drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackReply        { destination, .. } |
+                            drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelLoadRunRequest { destination, .. } |
+                            drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelLoadRunReply   { destination, .. } |
+                            drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessage        { destination, .. } |
+                            drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessageAck     { destination, .. } |
+                            drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackStatus       { destination, .. } |
+                            drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelFinished       { destination, .. } => {
+                            let dest_link = routing_table.0[destination as usize][0] - 1; 
+                            if dest_link == linkno {
+                                warn!("[LINK#{}] Re-routed packet would return to the same link, dropping: {:?}", linkno, packet);
+                            } else if destination == 0 {
+                                warn!("[LINK#{}] Received invalid routable packet: {:?}", linkno, packet)
+                            } else {
+                                drtioaux::send(dest_link, &packet).unwrap();
+                            }
+                        }
+
+                        drtioaux::Packet::RoutingNoPackets => break,
+
+                        other => warn!("[LINK#{}] Received an unroutable packet: {:?}", linkno, other)
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    warn!("[LINK#{}] Error handling async packets ({})", linkno, reply.unwrap_err());
+                    return;
+                }
             }   
-            other => Some(other)
         }
     }
 
@@ -223,14 +268,10 @@ pub mod drtio {
         }
     }
 
-    fn process_unsolicited_aux(io: &Io, aux_mutex: &Mutex, ddma_mutex: &Mutex, subkernel_mutex: &Mutex, linkno: u8) {
+    fn process_unsolicited_aux(io: &Io, aux_mutex: &Mutex, linkno: u8) {
         let _lock = aux_mutex.lock(io).unwrap();
         match drtioaux::recv(linkno) {
-            Ok(Some(packet)) => {
-                if let Some(packet) = process_async_packets(io, ddma_mutex, subkernel_mutex, linkno, packet) {
-                    warn!("[LINK#{}] unsolicited aux packet: {:?}", linkno, packet);
-                }
-            }
+            Ok(Some(packet)) => warn!("[LINK#{}] unsolicited aux packet: {:?}", linkno, packet),
             Ok(None) => (),
             Err(_) => warn!("[LINK#{}] aux packet error", linkno)
         }
@@ -293,45 +334,36 @@ pub mod drtio {
                 let linkno = hop - 1;
                 if destination_up(up_destinations, destination) {
                     if up_links[linkno as usize] {
-                        loop {
                         let reply = aux_transact(io, aux_mutex, linkno, 
                             &drtioaux::Packet::DestinationStatusRequest {
                                 destination: destination
                             });
                         if let Ok(reply) = reply {
-                                let reply = process_async_packets(io, ddma_mutex, subkernel_mutex, linkno, reply);
                             match reply {
-                                    Some(drtioaux::Packet::DestinationDownReply) => {
+                                drtioaux::Packet::DestinationDownReply => {
                                     destination_set_up(routing_table, up_destinations, destination, false);
                                     remote_dma::destination_changed(io, aux_mutex, ddma_mutex, routing_table, destination, false);
                                     subkernel::destination_changed(io, aux_mutex, subkernel_mutex, routing_table, destination, false);
                                 }
-                                    Some(drtioaux::Packet::DestinationOkReply) => (),
-                                    Some(drtioaux::Packet::DestinationSequenceErrorReply { channel }) => {
+                                drtioaux::Packet::DestinationOkReply => (),
+                                drtioaux::Packet::DestinationSequenceErrorReply { channel } => {
                                     error!("[DEST#{}] RTIO sequence error involving channel 0x{:04x}:{}", destination, channel, resolve_channel_name(channel as u32));
                                     unsafe { SEEN_ASYNC_ERRORS |= ASYNC_ERROR_SEQUENCE_ERROR };
                                 }
-                                    Some(drtioaux::Packet::DestinationCollisionReply { channel }) => {
+                                drtioaux::Packet::DestinationCollisionReply { channel } => {
                                     error!("[DEST#{}] RTIO collision involving channel 0x{:04x}:{}", destination, channel, resolve_channel_name(channel as u32));
                                     unsafe { SEEN_ASYNC_ERRORS |= ASYNC_ERROR_COLLISION };
                                 }
-                                    Some(drtioaux::Packet::DestinationBusyReply { channel }) => {
+                                drtioaux::Packet::DestinationBusyReply { channel } => {
                                     error!("[DEST#{}] RTIO busy error involving channel 0x{:04x}:{}", destination, channel, resolve_channel_name(channel as u32));
                                     unsafe { SEEN_ASYNC_ERRORS |= ASYNC_ERROR_BUSY };
                                 }
-                                    Some(packet) => error!("[DEST#{}] received unexpected aux packet: {:?}", destination, packet),
-                                    None => { 
-                                        // continue asking until we get Destination...Reply or error out
-                                        // wait a bit not to overwhelm the receiver causing gateway errors
-                                        io.sleep(10).unwrap(); 
-                                        continue;
-                                    }
+                                packet => error!("[DEST#{}] received unexpected aux packet: {:?}", destination, packet),
+                                
                             }
                         } else { 
                             error!("[DEST#{}] communication failed ({:?})", destination, reply.unwrap_err()); 
                         }
-                            break;
-                        }
                     } else {
                         destination_set_up(routing_table, up_destinations, destination, false);
                         remote_dma::destination_changed(io, aux_mutex, ddma_mutex, routing_table, destination, false);
@@ -371,7 +403,8 @@ pub mod drtio {
                 if up_links[linkno as usize] {
                     /* link was previously up */
                     if link_rx_up(linkno) {
-                        process_unsolicited_aux(&io, aux_mutex, ddma_mutex, subkernel_mutex, linkno);
+                        process_async_packets(&io, aux_mutex, ddma_mutex, subkernel_mutex, routing_table, linkno);
+                        process_unsolicited_aux(&io, aux_mutex, linkno);
                         process_local_errors(linkno);
                     } else {
                         info!("[LINK#{}] link is down", linkno);
@@ -456,10 +489,10 @@ pub mod drtio {
         partition_data(trace, |slice, status, len: usize| {
             let reply = aux_transact(io, aux_mutex, linkno, 
                 &drtioaux::Packet::DmaAddTraceRequest {
-                    id: id, destination: destination, status: status, length: len as u16, trace: *slice})?;
+                    id: id, source: 0, destination: destination, status: status, length: len as u16, trace: *slice})?;
             match reply {
-                drtioaux::Packet::DmaAddTraceReply { succeeded: true } => Ok(()),
-                drtioaux::Packet::DmaAddTraceReply { succeeded: false } => Err(Error::DmaAddTraceFail(destination)),
+                drtioaux::Packet::DmaAddTraceReply { destination: 0, succeeded: true, .. } => Ok(()),
+                drtioaux::Packet::DmaAddTraceReply { destination: 0, succeeded: false, .. } => Err(Error::DmaAddTraceFail(destination)),
                 packet => Err(Error::UnexpectedPacket(packet)),
             }
         })
@@ -469,10 +502,10 @@ pub mod drtio {
             id: u32, destination: u8) -> Result<(), Error> {
         let linkno = routing_table.0[destination as usize][0] - 1;
         let reply = aux_transact(io, aux_mutex, linkno, 
-            &drtioaux::Packet::DmaRemoveTraceRequest { id: id, destination: destination })?;
+            &drtioaux::Packet::DmaRemoveTraceRequest { id: id, source: 0, destination: destination })?;
         match reply {
-            drtioaux::Packet::DmaRemoveTraceReply { succeeded: true } => Ok(()),
-            drtioaux::Packet::DmaRemoveTraceReply { succeeded: false } => Err(Error::DmaEraseFail(destination)),
+            drtioaux::Packet::DmaRemoveTraceReply { destination: 0, succeeded: true } => Ok(()),
+            drtioaux::Packet::DmaRemoveTraceReply { destination: 0, succeeded: false } => Err(Error::DmaEraseFail(destination)),
             packet => Err(Error::UnexpectedPacket(packet)),
         }
     }
@@ -481,10 +514,10 @@ pub mod drtio {
             id: u32, destination: u8, timestamp: u64) -> Result<(), Error> {
         let linkno = routing_table.0[destination as usize][0] - 1;
         let reply = aux_transact(io, aux_mutex, linkno, 
-            &drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackRequest{ id: id, destination: destination, timestamp: timestamp })?;
+            &drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackRequest{ id: id, source: 0, destination: destination, timestamp: timestamp })?;
         match reply {
-            drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackReply { succeeded: true } => Ok(()),
-            drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackReply { succeeded: false } =>
+            drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackReply { destination: 0, succeeded: true } => Ok(()),
+            drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackReply { destination: 0, succeeded: false } =>
                     Err(Error::DmaPlaybackFail(destination)),
             packet => Err(Error::UnexpectedPacket(packet)),
         }
@@ -559,10 +592,10 @@ pub mod drtio {
             id: u32, destination: u8, run: bool) -> Result<(), Error> {
         let linkno = routing_table.0[destination as usize][0] - 1;
         let reply = aux_transact(io, aux_mutex, linkno, 
-            &drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelLoadRunRequest{ id: id, destination: destination, run: run })?;
+            &drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelLoadRunRequest{ id: id, source: 0, destination: destination, run: run })?;
         match reply {
-            drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelLoadRunReply { succeeded: true } => Ok(()),
-            drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelLoadRunReply { succeeded: false } =>
+            drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelLoadRunReply { destination: 0, succeeded: true } => Ok(()),
+            drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelLoadRunReply { destination: 0, succeeded: false } =>
                     Err(Error::SubkernelRunFail(destination)),
                 packet => Err(Error::UnexpectedPacket(packet)),
         }
@@ -595,7 +628,8 @@ pub mod drtio {
         partition_data(message, |slice, status, len: usize| {
             let reply = aux_transact(io, aux_mutex, linkno, 
                 &drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessage {
-                    destination: destination, id: id, status: status, length: len as u16, data: *slice})?;
+                    source: 0, destination: destination,
+                    id: id, status: status, length: len as u16, data: *slice})?;
             match reply {
                 drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessageAck { .. } => Ok(()),
                 packet => Err(Error::UnexpectedPacket(packet)),

artiq/firmware/runtime/session.rs

@@ -471,6 +471,7 @@ fn process_host_message(io: &Io, _aux_mutex: &Mutex, _ddma_mutex: &Mutex, _subke
                 match subkernel::upload(io, _aux_mutex, _subkernel_mutex, _routing_table, _id) {
                     Ok(_) => host_write(stream, host::Reply::LoadCompleted)?,
                     Err(error) => {
+                        subkernel::clear_subkernels(io, _subkernel_mutex)?;
                         let mut description = String::new();
                         write!(&mut description, "{}", error).unwrap();
                         host_write(stream, host::Reply::LoadFailed(&description))?
@@ -631,6 +632,8 @@ fn process_kern_message(io: &Io, aux_mutex: &Mutex,
                 unsafe { kernel::stop() }
                 session.kernel_state = KernelState::Absent;
                 unsafe { session.congress.cache.unborrow() }
+                #[cfg(has_drtio)]
+                subkernel::clear_subkernels(io, _subkernel_mutex)?;
 
                 match stream {
                     None => return Ok(true),
@@ -648,6 +651,8 @@ fn process_kern_message(io: &Io, aux_mutex: &Mutex,
                 unsafe { kernel::stop() }
                 session.kernel_state = KernelState::Absent;
                 unsafe { session.congress.cache.unborrow() }
+                #[cfg(has_drtio)]
+                subkernel::clear_subkernels(io, _subkernel_mutex)?;
 
                 match stream {
                     None => {
@@ -668,7 +673,7 @@ fn process_kern_message(io: &Io, aux_mutex: &Mutex,
                 }
             }
             #[cfg(has_drtio)]
-            &kern::SubkernelLoadRunRequest { id, run } => {
+            &kern::SubkernelLoadRunRequest { id, destination: _, run } => {
                 let succeeded = match subkernel::load(
                     io, aux_mutex, _subkernel_mutex, routing_table, id, run) {
                         Ok(()) => true,
@@ -699,7 +704,7 @@ fn process_kern_message(io: &Io, aux_mutex: &Mutex,
                 kern_send(io, &kern::SubkernelAwaitFinishReply { status: status })
             }
             #[cfg(has_drtio)]
-            &kern::SubkernelMsgSend { id, count, tag, data } => {
+            &kern::SubkernelMsgSend { id, destination: _, count, tag, data } => {
                 subkernel::message_send(io, aux_mutex, _subkernel_mutex, routing_table, id, count, tag, data)?;
                 kern_acknowledge()
             }

artiq/firmware/satman/dma.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,11 @@
+use alloc::{vec::Vec, collections::btree_map::BTreeMap, string::String};
+use core::mem;
+use board_artiq::{drtioaux, drtio_routing::RoutingTable};
 use board_misoc::{csr, cache::flush_l2_cache};
 use proto_artiq::drtioaux_proto::PayloadStatus;
-use alloc::{vec::Vec, collections::btree_map::BTreeMap};
-use ::{cricon_select, RtioMaster};
+use routing::{Router, Sliceable};
+use kernel::Manager as KernelManager;
+use ::{cricon_select, RtioMaster, MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE};
 
 const ALIGNMENT: usize = 64;
 
@@ -12,30 +16,178 @@ enum ManagerState {
 }
 
 pub struct RtioStatus {
+    pub source: u8,
     pub id: u32, 
     pub error: u8,
     pub channel: u32, 
     pub timestamp: u64
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum Error {
     IdNotFound,
     PlaybackInProgress,
-    EntryNotComplete
+    EntryNotComplete,
+    MasterDmaFound,
+    UploadFail,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 struct Entry {
     trace: Vec<u8>,
     padding_len: usize,
-    complete: bool
+    complete: bool,
+    duration: u64, // relevant for locally ran DMA
+}
+
+impl Entry {
+    pub fn from_vec(data: Vec<u8>, duration: u64) -> Entry {
+        let mut entry = Entry {
+            trace: data,
+            padding_len: 0,
+            complete: true,
+            duration: duration,
+        };
+        entry.realign();
+        entry
+    }
+
+    pub fn id(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.trace[self.padding_len..].as_ptr() as u32
+    }
+
+    pub fn realign(&mut self) {
+        self.trace.push(0);
+        let data_len = self.trace.len();
+
+        self.trace.reserve(ALIGNMENT - 1);
+        let padding = ALIGNMENT - self.trace.as_ptr() as usize % ALIGNMENT;
+        let padding = if padding == ALIGNMENT { 0 } else { padding };
+        for _ in 0..padding {
+            // Vec guarantees that this will not reallocate
+            self.trace.push(0)
+        }
+        for i in 1..data_len + 1 {
+            self.trace[data_len + padding - i] = self.trace[data_len - i]
+        }
+        self.complete = true;
+        self.padding_len = padding;
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+enum RemoteTraceState {
+    Unsent,
+    Sending(usize),
+    Ready,
+    Running(usize),
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct RemoteTraces {
+    remote_traces: BTreeMap<u8, Sliceable>,
+    state: RemoteTraceState,
+}
+
+impl RemoteTraces {
+    pub fn new(traces: BTreeMap<u8, Sliceable>) -> RemoteTraces {
+        RemoteTraces {
+            remote_traces: traces,
+            state: RemoteTraceState::Unsent
+        }
+    }
+
+    // on subkernel request
+    pub fn upload_traces(&mut self, id: u32, router: &mut Router, rank: u8, self_destination: u8, routing_table: &RoutingTable) -> usize {
+        let len = self.remote_traces.len();
+        if len > 0 {
+            self.state = RemoteTraceState::Sending(self.remote_traces.len());
+            for (dest, trace) in self.remote_traces.iter_mut() {
+                // queue up the first packet for all destinations, rest will be sent after first ACK
+                let mut data_slice: [u8; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] = [0; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE];
+                let meta = trace.get_slice_master(&mut data_slice);
+                router.route(drtioaux::Packet::DmaAddTraceRequest {
+                    source: self_destination, destination: *dest, id: id,
+                    status: meta.status, length: meta.len, trace: data_slice
+                }, routing_table, rank, self_destination);
+            }
+        }
+        len
+    }
+
+    // on incoming Packet::DmaAddTraceReply
+    pub fn ack_upload(&mut self, kernel_manager: &mut KernelManager, source: u8, id: u32, succeeded: bool, router: &mut Router, rank: u8, self_destination: u8, routing_table: &RoutingTable) {
+        if let RemoteTraceState::Sending(count) = self.state {
+            if let Some(trace) = self.remote_traces.get_mut(&source) {
+                if trace.at_end() {
+                        if count - 1 == 0 {
+                            self.state = RemoteTraceState::Ready;
+                            kernel_manager.ddma_remote_uploaded(succeeded);
+                        } else {
+                            self.state = RemoteTraceState::Sending(count - 1);
+                        }
+                } else {
+                    // send next slice
+                    let mut data_slice: [u8; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] = [0; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE];
+                    let meta = trace.get_slice_master(&mut data_slice);
+                    router.route(drtioaux::Packet::DmaAddTraceRequest {
+                        source: self_destination, destination: meta.destination, id: id,
+                        status: meta.status, length: meta.len, trace: data_slice
+                    }, routing_table, rank, self_destination);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        
+    }
+
+    // on subkernel request
+    pub fn playback(&mut self, id: u32, timestamp: u64, router: &mut Router, rank: u8, self_destination: u8, routing_table: &RoutingTable) {
+        // route all the playback requests
+        // remote traces + local trace
+        self.state = RemoteTraceState::Running(self.remote_traces.len() + 1);
+        for (dest, _) in self.remote_traces.iter() {
+            router.route(drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackRequest {
+                source: self_destination, destination: *dest, id: id, timestamp: timestamp
+            }, routing_table, rank, self_destination);
+            // response will be ignored (succeeded = false handled by the main thread)
+        }
+    }
+
+    // on incoming Packet::DmaPlaybackDone
+    pub fn remote_finished(&mut self, kernel_manager: &mut KernelManager, error: u8, channel: u32, timestamp: u64) {
+        if let RemoteTraceState::Running(count) = self.state {
+            if error != 0 || count - 1 == 0 {
+                // notify the kernel about a DDMA error or finish
+                kernel_manager.ddma_finished(error, channel, timestamp);
+                self.state = RemoteTraceState::Ready;
+                // further messages will be ignored (if there was an error)
+            } else { // no error and not the last one awaited
+                self.state = RemoteTraceState::Running(count - 1);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn erase(&mut self, id: u32, router: &mut Router, rank: u8, self_destination: u8, routing_table: &RoutingTable) {
+        for (dest, _) in self.remote_traces.iter() {
+            router.route(drtioaux::Packet::DmaRemoveTraceRequest { 
+                source: self_destination, destination: *dest, id: id
+            }, routing_table, rank, self_destination);
+            // response will be ignored as this object will stop existing too
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct Manager {
-    entries: BTreeMap<u32, Entry>,
+    entries: BTreeMap<(u8, u32), Entry>,
     state: ManagerState,
-    currentid: u32
+    current_id: u32,
+    current_source: u8,
+
+    remote_entries: BTreeMap<u32, RemoteTraces>,
+    name_map: BTreeMap<String, u32>,
+    recording_trace: Vec<u8>,
+    recording_name: String
 }
 
 impl Manager {
@@ -47,74 +199,196 @@ impl Manager {
         }
         Manager {
             entries: BTreeMap::new(),
-            currentid: 0,
+            current_id: 0,
+            current_source: 0,
             state: ManagerState::Idle,
+            remote_entries: BTreeMap::new(),
+            name_map: BTreeMap::new(),
+            recording_trace: Vec::new(),
+            recording_name: String::new(),
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn add(&mut self, id: u32, status: PayloadStatus, trace: &[u8], trace_len: usize) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    pub fn add(&mut self, source: u8, id: u32, status: PayloadStatus, trace: &[u8], trace_len: usize) -> Result<(), Error> {
         if status.is_first() {
-            self.entries.remove(&id);
+            self.entries.remove(&(source, id));
         }
-        let entry = match self.entries.get_mut(&id) {
+        let entry = match self.entries.get_mut(&(source, id)) {
             Some(entry) => {
                 if entry.complete {
                     // replace entry
-                    self.entries.remove(&id);
-                    self.entries.insert(id, Entry {
+                    self.entries.remove(&(source, id));
+                    self.entries.insert((source, id), Entry {
                         trace: Vec::new(),
                         padding_len: 0,
-                        complete: false });
-                    self.entries.get_mut(&id).unwrap()
+                        complete: false,
+                        duration: 0
+                    });
+                    self.entries.get_mut(&(source, id)).unwrap()
                 } else {
                     entry
                 }
             },
             None => {
-                self.entries.insert(id, Entry {
+                self.entries.insert((source, id), Entry {
                     trace: Vec::new(),
                     padding_len: 0,
-                    complete: false });
-                self.entries.get_mut(&id).unwrap()
+                    complete: false,
+                    duration: 0,
+                });
+                self.entries.get_mut(&(source, id)).unwrap()
             },
         };
         entry.trace.extend(&trace[0..trace_len]);
 
         if status.is_last() {
-            entry.trace.push(0);
-            let data_len = entry.trace.len();
-    
-            // Realign.
-            entry.trace.reserve(ALIGNMENT - 1);
-            let padding = ALIGNMENT - entry.trace.as_ptr() as usize % ALIGNMENT;
-            let padding = if padding == ALIGNMENT { 0 } else { padding };
-            for _ in 0..padding {
-                // Vec guarantees that this will not reallocate
-                entry.trace.push(0)
-            }
-            for i in 1..data_len + 1 {
-                entry.trace[data_len + padding - i] = entry.trace[data_len - i]
-            }
-            entry.complete = true;
-            entry.padding_len = padding;
+            entry.realign();
             flush_l2_cache();
         }
         Ok(())
     }
+    // API for subkernel
+    pub fn record_start(&mut self, name: &str) {
+        self.recording_name = String::from(name);
+        self.recording_trace = Vec::new();
+    }
 
-    pub fn erase(&mut self, id: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
-        match self.entries.remove(&id) {
+    // API for subkernel
+    pub fn record_append(&mut self, data: &[u8]) {
+        self.recording_trace.extend_from_slice(data);
+    }
+
+    // API for subkernel
+    pub fn record_stop(&mut self, duration: u64, self_destination: u8) -> Result<u32, Error> {
+        let mut trace = Vec::new();
+        mem::swap(&mut self.recording_trace, &mut trace);
+        trace.push(0);
+        let mut local_trace = Vec::new();
+        let mut remote_traces: BTreeMap<u8, Sliceable> = BTreeMap::new();
+        // analyze each entry and put in proper buckets, as the kernel core
+        // sends whole chunks, to limit comms/kernel CPU communication,
+        // and as only comms core has access to varios DMA buffers.
+        let mut ptr = 0;
+        while trace[ptr] != 0 {
+            // ptr + 3 = tgt >> 24 (destination)
+            let len = trace[ptr] as usize;
+            let destination = trace[ptr+3];
+            if destination == 0 {
+                return Err(Error::MasterDmaFound);
+            } else if destination == self_destination {
+                local_trace.extend(&trace[ptr..ptr+len]);
+            }
+            else {
+                if let Some(remote_trace) = remote_traces.get_mut(&destination) {
+                    remote_trace.extend(&trace[ptr..ptr+len]);
+                } else {
+                    remote_traces.insert(destination, Sliceable::new(destination, trace[ptr..ptr+len].to_vec()));
+                }
+            }
+            // and jump to the next event
+            ptr += len;
+        }
+        let local_entry = Entry::from_vec(local_trace, duration);
+        let id = local_entry.id();
+
+        self.entries.insert((self_destination, id), local_entry);
+        self.remote_entries.insert(id, RemoteTraces::new(remote_traces));
+        let mut name = String::new();
+        mem::swap(&mut self.recording_name, &mut name);
+        self.name_map.insert(name, id);
+
+        flush_l2_cache();
+
+        Ok(id)
+    }
+
+    pub fn upload_traces(&mut self, id: u32, router: &mut Router, rank: u8, self_destination: u8,
+            routing_table: &RoutingTable) -> Result<usize, Error> {
+        let remote_traces = self.remote_entries.get_mut(&id);
+        let mut len = 0;
+        if let Some(traces) = remote_traces {
+            len = traces.upload_traces(id, router, rank, self_destination, routing_table);
+        }
+        Ok(len)
+    }
+
+    pub fn with_trace<F, R>(&self, self_destination: u8, name: &str, f: F) -> R
+        where F: FnOnce(Option<&[u8]>, u64) -> R {
+        if let Some(ptr) = self.name_map.get(name) {
+            match self.entries.get(&(self_destination, *ptr)) {
+                Some(entry) => f(Some(&entry.trace[entry.padding_len..]), entry.duration),
+                None => f(None, 0)
+            }
+        } else {
+            f(None, 0)
+        }
+    }
+
+    // API for subkernel
+    pub fn playback_remote(&mut self, id: u32, timestamp: u64, 
+        router: &mut Router, rank: u8, self_destination: u8, routing_table: &RoutingTable
+    ) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        if let Some(traces) = self.remote_entries.get_mut(&id) {
+            traces.playback(id, timestamp, router, rank, self_destination, routing_table);
+            Ok(())
+        } else {
+            Err(Error::IdNotFound)
+        }
+    }
+
+    // API for subkernel
+    pub fn erase_name(&mut self, name: &str, router: &mut Router, rank: u8, self_destination: u8, routing_table: &RoutingTable) {
+        if let Some(id) = self.name_map.get(name) {
+            if let Some(traces) = self.remote_entries.get_mut(&id) {
+                traces.erase(*id, router, rank, self_destination, routing_table);
+                self.remote_entries.remove(&id);
+            }
+            self.entries.remove(&(self_destination, *id));
+            self.name_map.remove(name);
+        }
+    }
+
+    // API for incoming DDMA (drtio)
+    pub fn erase(&mut self, source: u8, id: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
+        match self.entries.remove(&(source, id)) {
             Some(_) => Ok(()),
             None => Err(Error::IdNotFound)
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn playback(&mut self, id: u32, timestamp: u64) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    pub fn remote_finished(&mut self, kernel_manager: &mut KernelManager, 
+        id: u32, error: u8, channel: u32, timestamp: u64) {
+        if let Some(entry) = self.remote_entries.get_mut(&id) {
+            entry.remote_finished(kernel_manager, error, channel, timestamp);
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn ack_upload(&mut self, kernel_manager: &mut KernelManager, source: u8, id: u32, succeeded: bool, 
+        router: &mut Router, rank: u8, self_destination: u8, routing_table: &RoutingTable) {
+            if let Some(entry) = self.remote_entries.get_mut(&id) {
+                entry.ack_upload(kernel_manager, source, id, succeeded, router, rank, self_destination, routing_table);
+            }
+    }
+
+    pub fn cleanup(&mut self, router: &mut Router, rank: u8, self_destination: u8, routing_table: &RoutingTable) {
+        // after subkernel ends, remove all self-generated traces
+        for (_, id) in self.name_map.iter_mut() {
+            if let Some(traces) = self.remote_entries.get_mut(&id) {
+                traces.erase(*id, router, rank, self_destination, routing_table);
+                self.remote_entries.remove(&id);
+            }
+            self.entries.remove(&(self_destination, *id));
+        }
+        self.name_map.clear();
+    }
+
+    // API for both incoming DDMA (drtio) and subkernel
+    pub fn playback(&mut self, source: u8, id: u32, timestamp: u64) -> Result<(), Error> {
         if self.state != ManagerState::Idle {
             return Err(Error::PlaybackInProgress);
         }
 
-        let entry = match self.entries.get(&id){
+        let entry = match self.entries.get(&(source, id)){
             Some(entry) => entry,
             None => { return Err(Error::IdNotFound); }
         };
@@ -125,7 +399,8 @@ impl Manager {
         assert!(ptr as u32 % 64 == 0);
 
         self.state = ManagerState::Playback;
-        self.currentid = id;
+        self.current_id = id;
+        self.current_source = source;
 
         unsafe {
             csr::rtio_dma::base_address_write(ptr as u64);
@@ -157,7 +432,8 @@ impl Manager {
                     csr::rtio_dma::error_write(1);
                 }
                 return Some(RtioStatus {
-                    id: self.currentid, 
+                    source: self.current_source,
+                    id: self.current_id,
                     error: error,
                     channel: channel, 
                     timestamp: timestamp });

artiq/firmware/satman/kernel.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
-use core::{mem, option::NoneError, cmp::min};
+use core::{mem, option::NoneError};
 use alloc::{string::String, format, vec::Vec, collections::{btree_map::BTreeMap, vec_deque::VecDeque}};
 use cslice::AsCSlice;
 
-use board_artiq::{mailbox, spi};
+use board_artiq::{drtioaux, drtio_routing::RoutingTable, mailbox, spi};
 use board_misoc::{csr, clock, i2c};
 use proto_artiq::{
     drtioaux_proto::PayloadStatus,
@@ -15,6 +15,8 @@ use kernel::eh_artiq::StackPointerBacktrace;
 
 use ::{cricon_select, RtioMaster};
 use cache::Cache;
+use dma::{Manager as DmaManager, Error as DmaError};
+use routing::{Router, Sliceable, SliceMeta};
 use SAT_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE;
 use MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE;
 
@@ -62,7 +64,11 @@ enum KernelState {
     Loaded,
     Running,
     MsgAwait { max_time: u64, tags: Vec<u8> },
-    MsgSending
+    MsgSending,
+    SubkernelAwaitLoad,
+    SubkernelAwaitFinish { max_time: u64, id: u32 },
+    DmaUploading { max_time: u64 },
+    DmaAwait { max_time: u64 },
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -74,7 +80,9 @@ pub enum Error {
     NoMessage,
     AwaitingMessage,
     SubkernelIoError,
-    KernelException(Sliceable)
+    DrtioError,
+    KernelException(Sliceable),
+    DmaError(DmaError),
 }
 
 impl From<NoneError> for Error {
@@ -89,15 +97,20 @@ impl From<io::Error<!>> for Error {
     }
 }
 
-macro_rules! unexpected {
-    ($($arg:tt)*) => (return Err(Error::Unexpected(format!($($arg)*))));
+impl From<drtioaux::Error<!>> for Error {
+    fn from(_value: drtioaux::Error<!>) -> Error {
+        Error::DrtioError
+    }
 }
 
-/* represents data that has to be sent to Master */
-#[derive(Debug)]
-pub struct Sliceable {
-    it: usize,
-    data: Vec<u8>
+impl From<DmaError> for Error {
+    fn from(value: DmaError) -> Error {
+        Error::DmaError(value)
+    }
+}
+
+macro_rules! unexpected {
+    ($($arg:tt)*) => (return Err(Error::Unexpected(format!($($arg)*))));
 }
 
 /* represents interkernel messages */
@@ -109,7 +122,6 @@ struct Message {
 #[derive(PartialEq)]
 enum OutMessageState {
     NoMessage,
-    MessageReady,
     MessageBeingSent,
     MessageSent,
     MessageAcknowledged
@@ -128,7 +140,9 @@ struct Session {
     kernel_state: KernelState,
     log_buffer: String,
     last_exception: Option<Sliceable>,
-    messages: MessageManager
+    source: u8, // which destination requested running the kernel
+    messages: MessageManager,
+    subkernels_finished: Vec<u32> // ids of subkernels finished
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug)]
@@ -147,42 +161,9 @@ pub struct Manager {
 
 pub struct SubkernelFinished {
     pub id: u32,
-    pub with_exception: bool
-}
-
-pub struct SliceMeta {
-    pub len: u16,
-    pub status: PayloadStatus
-}
-
-macro_rules! get_slice_fn {
-    ( $name:tt, $size:expr ) => {
-        pub fn $name(&mut self, data_slice: &mut [u8; $size]) -> SliceMeta {
-            let first = self.it == 0;
-            let len = min($size, self.data.len() - self.it);
-            let last = self.it + len == self.data.len();
-            let status = PayloadStatus::from_status(first, last);
-            data_slice[..len].clone_from_slice(&self.data[self.it..self.it+len]);
-            self.it += len;
-    
-            SliceMeta {
-                len: len as u16,
-                status: status
-            }
-        }
-    };
-}
-
-impl Sliceable {
-    pub fn new(data: Vec<u8>) -> Sliceable {
-        Sliceable {
-            it: 0,
-            data: data
-        }
-    }
-
-    get_slice_fn!(get_slice_sat, SAT_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE);
-    get_slice_fn!(get_slice_master, MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE);
+    pub with_exception: bool,
+    pub exception_source: u8,
+    pub source: u8
 }
 
 impl MessageManager {
@@ -216,17 +197,6 @@ impl MessageManager {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn is_outgoing_ready(&mut self) -> bool {
-        // called by main loop, to see if there's anything to send, will send it afterwards
-        match self.out_state {
-            OutMessageState::MessageReady => {
-                self.out_state = OutMessageState::MessageBeingSent;
-                true
-            },
-            _ => false
-        }
-    }
-
     pub fn was_message_acknowledged(&mut self) -> bool {
         match self.out_state {
             OutMessageState::MessageAcknowledged => {
@@ -266,14 +236,24 @@ impl MessageManager {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn accept_outgoing(&mut self, count: u8, tag: &[u8], data: *const *const ()) -> Result<(), Error>  {
+    pub fn accept_outgoing(&mut self, id: u32, self_destination: u8, destination: u8, 
+        count: u8, tag: &[u8], data: *const *const (), 
+        routing_table: &RoutingTable, rank: u8, router: &mut Router
+    ) -> Result<(), Error>  {
         let mut writer = Cursor::new(Vec::new());
         rpc::send_args(&mut writer, 0, tag, data, false)?;
         // skip service tag, but write the count
         let mut data = writer.into_inner().split_off(3);
         data[0] = count;
-        self.out_message = Some(Sliceable::new(data));
-        self.out_state = OutMessageState::MessageReady;
+        self.out_message = Some(Sliceable::new(destination, data));
+
+        let mut data_slice: [u8; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] = [0; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE];
+        self.out_state = OutMessageState::MessageBeingSent;
+        let meta = self.get_outgoing_slice(&mut data_slice).unwrap();
+        router.route(drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessage {
+                source: self_destination, destination: destination, id: id,
+                status: meta.status, length: meta.len as u16, data: data_slice
+        }, routing_table, rank, self_destination);
         Ok(())
     }
 
@@ -288,15 +268,16 @@ impl Session {
             kernel_state: KernelState::Absent,
             log_buffer: String::new(),
             last_exception: None,
-            messages: MessageManager::new()
+            source: 0,
+            messages: MessageManager::new(),
+            subkernels_finished: Vec::new()
         }
     }
 
     fn running(&self) -> bool {
         match self.kernel_state {
             KernelState::Absent | KernelState::Loaded  => false,
-            KernelState::Running | KernelState::MsgAwait { .. } |
-                KernelState::MsgSending => true
+            _ => true
         }
     }
 
@@ -369,12 +350,13 @@ impl Manager {
         unsafe { self.cache.unborrow() }
     }
 
-    pub fn run(&mut self, id: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    pub fn run(&mut self, source: u8, id: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
         info!("starting subkernel #{}", id);
         if self.session.kernel_state != KernelState::Loaded
             || self.current_id != id {
             self.load(id)?;
         }
+        self.session.source = source;
         self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::Running;
         cricon_select(RtioMaster::Kernel);
     
@@ -403,14 +385,6 @@ impl Manager {
         self.session.messages.ack_slice()
     }
 
-    pub fn message_is_ready(&mut self) -> bool {
-        self.session.messages.is_outgoing_ready()
-    }
-
-    pub fn get_last_finished(&mut self) -> Option<SubkernelFinished> {
-        self.last_finished.take()
-    }
-
     pub fn load(&mut self, id: u32) -> Result<(), Error> {
         if self.current_id == id && self.session.kernel_state == KernelState::Loaded {
             return Ok(())
@@ -434,6 +408,7 @@ impl Manager {
                     }
                     kern::LoadReply(Err(error)) => {
                         kernel_cpu::stop();
+                        error!("load error: {:?}", error);
                         Err(Error::Load(format!("{}", error)))
                     }
                     other => {
@@ -447,7 +422,7 @@ impl Manager {
     pub fn exception_get_slice(&mut self, data_slice: &mut [u8; SAT_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE]) -> SliceMeta {
         match self.session.last_exception.as_mut() {
             Some(exception) => exception.get_slice_sat(data_slice),
-            None => SliceMeta { len: 0, status: PayloadStatus::FirstAndLast }
+            None => SliceMeta { destination: 0, len: 0, status: PayloadStatus::FirstAndLast }
         }
     }
 
@@ -472,12 +447,60 @@ impl Manager {
             backtrace: &[],
             async_errors: 0
         }).write_to(&mut writer) {
-            Ok(_) => self.session.last_exception = Some(Sliceable::new(writer.into_inner())),
+            Ok(_) => self.session.last_exception = Some(Sliceable::new(0, writer.into_inner())),
             Err(_) => error!("Error writing exception data")
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn process_kern_requests(&mut self, rank: u8) {
+    pub fn ddma_finished(&mut self, error: u8, channel: u32, timestamp: u64) {
+        if let KernelState::DmaAwait { .. } = self.session.kernel_state {
+            kern_send(&kern::DmaAwaitRemoteReply { 
+                timeout: false, error: error, channel: channel, timestamp: timestamp 
+            }).unwrap();
+            self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::Running;
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn ddma_nack(&mut self) {
+        // for simplicity treat it as a timeout for now...
+        if let KernelState::DmaAwait { .. } = self.session.kernel_state {
+            kern_send(&kern::DmaAwaitRemoteReply { 
+                timeout: true, error: 0, channel: 0, timestamp: 0
+            }).unwrap();
+            self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::Running;
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn ddma_remote_uploaded(&mut self, succeeded: bool) {
+        if let KernelState::DmaUploading { .. } = self.session.kernel_state {
+            if succeeded {
+                self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::Running;
+                kern_acknowledge().unwrap();
+            } else {
+                self.stop();
+                self.runtime_exception(Error::DmaError(DmaError::UploadFail));
+            }
+            
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn process_kern_requests(&mut self, router: &mut Router, routing_table: &RoutingTable, rank: u8, destination: u8, dma_manager: &mut DmaManager) {
+        macro_rules! finished {
+            ($with_exception:expr) => {{ Some(SubkernelFinished { 
+                source: self.session.source, id: self.current_id, 
+                with_exception: $with_exception, exception_source: destination 
+            }) }}
+        }
+
+        if let Some(subkernel_finished) = self.last_finished.take() {
+            info!("subkernel {} finished, with exception: {}", subkernel_finished.id, subkernel_finished.with_exception);
+            router.route(drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelFinished {
+                destination: subkernel_finished.source, id: subkernel_finished.id, 
+                with_exception: subkernel_finished.with_exception, exception_src: subkernel_finished.exception_source
+            }, &routing_table, rank, destination);
+            dma_manager.cleanup(router, rank, destination, routing_table);
+        }
+
         if !self.is_running() {
             return;
         }
@@ -490,26 +513,26 @@ impl Manager {
                 self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::Absent;
                 unsafe { self.cache.unborrow() }
                 self.session.last_exception = Some(exception);
-                self.last_finished = Some(SubkernelFinished { id: self.current_id, with_exception: true })
+                self.last_finished = finished!(true);
             },
             Err(e) => { 
                 error!("Error while running processing external messages: {:?}", e);
                 self.stop();
                 self.runtime_exception(e);
-                self.last_finished = Some(SubkernelFinished { id: self.current_id, with_exception: true })
+                self.last_finished = finished!(true);
              }
         }
 
-        match self.process_kern_message(rank) {
+        match self.process_kern_message(router, routing_table, rank, destination, dma_manager) {
             Ok(Some(with_exception)) => {
-                self.last_finished = Some(SubkernelFinished { id: self.current_id, with_exception: with_exception })
+                self.last_finished = finished!(with_exception)
             },
             Ok(None) | Err(Error::NoMessage) => (),
             Err(e) => { 
                 error!("Error while running kernel: {:?}", e); 
                 self.stop(); 
                 self.runtime_exception(e);
-                self.last_finished = Some(SubkernelFinished { id: self.current_id, with_exception: true })
+                self.last_finished = finished!(true);
             }
         }
     }
@@ -539,16 +562,88 @@ impl Manager {
                     Err(Error::AwaitingMessage)
                 }
             },
+            KernelState::SubkernelAwaitFinish { max_time, id } => {
+                if clock::get_ms() > *max_time {
+                    kern_send(&kern::SubkernelAwaitFinishReply { status: kern::SubkernelStatus::Timeout })?;
+                    self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::Running;
+                } else {
+                    let mut i = 0;
+                    for status in &self.session.subkernels_finished {
+                        if *status == *id {
+                            kern_send(&kern::SubkernelAwaitFinishReply { status: kern::SubkernelStatus::NoError })?;
+                            self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::Running;
+                            self.session.subkernels_finished.swap_remove(i);
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        i += 1;
+                    }
+                }
+                Ok(())
+            }
+            KernelState::DmaAwait { max_time } => {
+                if clock::get_ms() > *max_time {
+                    kern_send(&kern::DmaAwaitRemoteReply { timeout: true, error: 0, channel: 0, timestamp: 0 })?;
+                    self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::Running;
+                }
+                // ddma_finished() and nack() covers the other case
+                Ok(())
+            }
+            KernelState::DmaUploading { max_time } => {
+                if clock::get_ms() > *max_time {
+                    unexpected!("DMAError: Timed out sending traces to remote");
+                }
+                Ok(())
+            }
             _ => Ok(())
         }
     }
 
-    fn process_kern_message(&mut self, rank: u8) -> Result<Option<bool>, Error> {
+    pub fn subkernel_load_run_reply(&mut self, succeeded: bool, self_destination: u8) {
+        if self.session.kernel_state == KernelState::SubkernelAwaitLoad {
+            if let Err(e) = kern_send(&kern::SubkernelLoadRunReply { succeeded: succeeded }) {
+                self.stop(); 
+                self.runtime_exception(e);
+                self.last_finished = Some(SubkernelFinished { 
+                    source: self.session.source, id: self.current_id, 
+                    with_exception: true, exception_source: self_destination 
+                })
+            } else {
+                self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::Running;
+            }
+        } else {
+            warn!("received unsolicited SubkernelLoadRunReply");
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn remote_subkernel_finished(&mut self, id: u32, with_exception: bool, exception_source: u8) {
+        if with_exception {
+            unsafe { kernel_cpu::stop() }
+            self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::Absent;
+            unsafe { self.cache.unborrow() }
+            self.last_finished = Some(SubkernelFinished {
+                source: self.session.source, id: self.current_id,
+                with_exception: true, exception_source: exception_source
+            })
+        } else {
+            self.session.subkernels_finished.push(id);
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn process_kern_message(&mut self, router: &mut Router, 
+        routing_table: &RoutingTable,
+        rank: u8, destination: u8,
+        dma_manager: &mut DmaManager
+    ) -> Result<Option<bool>, Error> {
         // returns Ok(with_exception) on finish
         // None if the kernel is still running
         kern_recv(|request| {
             match (request, &self.session.kernel_state) {
-                (&kern::LoadReply(_), KernelState::Loaded) => {
+                (&kern::LoadReply(_), KernelState::Loaded) |
+                    (_, KernelState::DmaUploading { .. }) |
+                    (_, KernelState::DmaAwait { .. }) |
+                    (_, KernelState::MsgSending) |
+                    (_, KernelState::SubkernelAwaitLoad) | 
+                    (_, KernelState::SubkernelAwaitFinish { .. }) => {
                     // We're standing by; ignore the message.
                     return Ok(None)
                 }
@@ -559,7 +654,7 @@ impl Manager {
                 },
             }
 
-            if process_kern_hwreq(request, rank)? {
+            if process_kern_hwreq(request, destination)? {
                 return Ok(None)
             }
 
@@ -613,8 +708,58 @@ impl Manager {
                     return Ok(Some(true))
                 }
 
-                &kern::SubkernelMsgSend { id: _, count, tag, data } => {
-                    self.session.messages.accept_outgoing(count, tag, data)?;
+                &kern::DmaRecordStart(name) => {
+                    dma_manager.record_start(name);
+                    kern_acknowledge()
+                }
+                &kern::DmaRecordAppend(data) => {
+                    dma_manager.record_append(data);
+                    kern_acknowledge()
+                }
+                &kern::DmaRecordStop { duration, enable_ddma: _ } => {
+                    // ddma is always used on satellites
+                    if let Ok(id) = dma_manager.record_stop(duration, destination) {
+                        let remote_count = dma_manager.upload_traces(id, router, rank, destination, routing_table)?;
+                        if remote_count > 0 {
+                            let max_time = clock::get_ms() + 10_000 as u64;
+                            self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::DmaUploading { max_time: max_time };
+                            Ok(())
+                        } else {
+                            kern_acknowledge()
+                        }
+                    } else {
+                        unexpected!("DMAError: found an unsupported call to RTIO devices on master") 
+                    }
+                }
+                &kern::DmaEraseRequest { name } => {
+                    dma_manager.erase_name(name, router, rank, destination, routing_table);
+                    kern_acknowledge()
+                }
+                &kern::DmaRetrieveRequest { name } => {
+                    dma_manager.with_trace(destination, name, |trace, duration| {
+                        kern_send(&kern::DmaRetrieveReply {
+                            trace:    trace,
+                            duration: duration,
+                            uses_ddma: true,
+                        })
+                    })
+                }
+                &kern::DmaStartRemoteRequest { id, timestamp } => {
+                    let max_time = clock::get_ms() + 10_000 as u64;
+                    self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::DmaAwait { max_time: max_time };
+                    dma_manager.playback_remote(id as u32, timestamp as u64, router, rank, destination, routing_table)?;
+                    dma_manager.playback(destination, id as u32, timestamp as u64)?;
+                    Ok(())
+                }
+
+                &kern::SubkernelMsgSend { id: _, destination: msg_dest, count, tag, data } => {
+                    let dest = match msg_dest {
+                        Some(dest) => dest,
+                        None => self.session.source
+                    };
+                    self.session.messages.accept_outgoing(self.current_id, destination,
+                        dest, count, tag, data, 
+                        routing_table, rank, router)?;
                     // acknowledge after the message is sent
                     self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::MsgSending;
                     Ok(())
@@ -626,6 +771,20 @@ impl Manager {
                     Ok(())
                 },
 
+                &kern::SubkernelLoadRunRequest { id, destination: sk_destination, run } => {
+                    self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::SubkernelAwaitLoad;
+                    router.route(drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelLoadRunRequest { 
+                        source: destination, destination: sk_destination, id: id, run: run 
+                    }, routing_table, rank, destination);
+                    Ok(())
+                }
+
+                &kern::SubkernelAwaitFinishRequest{ id, timeout } => {
+                    let max_time = clock::get_ms() + timeout as u64;
+                    self.session.kernel_state = KernelState::SubkernelAwaitFinish { max_time: max_time, id: id };
+                    Ok(())
+                }
+
                 request => unexpected!("unexpected request {:?} from kernel CPU", request)
             }.and(Ok(None))
         })
@@ -699,7 +858,7 @@ fn slice_kernel_exception(exceptions: &[Option<eh_artiq::Exception>],
         async_errors: 0
     }).write_to(&mut writer) {
         // save last exception data to be received by master
-        Ok(_) => Ok(Sliceable::new(writer.into_inner())),
+        Ok(_) => Ok(Sliceable::new(0, writer.into_inner())),
         Err(_) => Err(Error::SubkernelIoError)
     }
 }
@@ -759,7 +918,7 @@ fn pass_message_to_kernel(message: &Message, tags: &[u8]) -> Result<(), Error> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
-fn process_kern_hwreq(request: &kern::Message, rank: u8) -> Result<bool, Error> {
+fn process_kern_hwreq(request: &kern::Message, self_destination: u8) -> Result<bool, Error> {
     match request {
         &kern::RtioInitRequest => {
             unsafe {
@@ -774,7 +933,7 @@ fn process_kern_hwreq(request: &kern::Message, rank: u8) -> Result<bool, Error>
             // only local destination is considered "up"
             // no access to other DRTIO destinations
             kern_send(&kern::RtioDestinationStatusReply { 
-                up: destination == rank })
+                up: destination == self_destination })
         }
 
         &kern::I2cStartRequest { busno } => {

artiq/firmware/satman/main.rs

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ use analyzer::Analyzer;
 static mut ALLOC: alloc_list::ListAlloc = alloc_list::EMPTY;
 
 mod repeater;
+mod routing;
 mod dma;
 mod analyzer;
 mod kernel;
@@ -65,6 +66,12 @@ fn drtiosat_tsc_loaded() -> bool {
     }
 }
 
+fn drtiosat_async_ready() {
+    unsafe {
+        csr::drtiosat::async_messages_ready_write(1);
+    }
+}
+
 pub enum RtioMaster {
     Drtio,
     Dma,
@@ -89,7 +96,14 @@ macro_rules! forward {
         if hop != 0 {
             let repno = (hop - 1) as usize;
             if repno < $repeaters.len() {
+                if $packet.expects_response() {
                     return $repeaters[repno].aux_forward($packet);
+                } else {
+                    let res = $repeaters[repno].aux_send($packet);
+                    // allow the satellite to parse the packet before next
+                    clock::spin_us(10_000);
+                    return res;
+                }
             } else {
                 return Err(drtioaux::Error::RoutingError);
             }
@@ -103,8 +117,9 @@ macro_rules! forward {
 }
 
 fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmgr: &mut KernelManager,
-        _repeaters: &mut [repeater::Repeater], _routing_table: &mut drtio_routing::RoutingTable, _rank: &mut u8,
-        packet: drtioaux::Packet) -> Result<(), drtioaux::Error<!>> {
+        _repeaters: &mut [repeater::Repeater], _routing_table: &mut drtio_routing::RoutingTable, rank: &mut u8,
+        router: &mut routing::Router, self_destination: &mut u8, packet: drtioaux::Packet
+) -> Result<(), drtioaux::Error<!>> {
     // In the code below, *_chan_sel_write takes an u8 if there are fewer than 256 channels,
     // and u16 otherwise; hence the `as _` conversion.
     match packet {
@@ -125,29 +140,12 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
 
         drtioaux::Packet::DestinationStatusRequest { destination } => {
             #[cfg(has_drtio_routing)]
-            let hop = _routing_table.0[destination as usize][*_rank as usize];
+            let hop = _routing_table.0[destination as usize][*rank as usize];
             #[cfg(not(has_drtio_routing))]
             let hop = 0;
 
             if hop == 0 {
-                // async messages
-                if let Some(status) = dmamgr.get_status() {
-                    info!("playback done, error: {}, channel: {}, timestamp: {}", status.error, status.channel, status.timestamp);
-                    drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackStatus { 
-                        destination: destination, id: status.id, error: status.error, channel: status.channel, timestamp: status.timestamp })?;
-                } else if let Some(subkernel_finished) = kernelmgr.get_last_finished() {
-                    info!("subkernel {} finished, with exception: {}", subkernel_finished.id, subkernel_finished.with_exception);
-                    drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelFinished {
-                        id: subkernel_finished.id, with_exception: subkernel_finished.with_exception
-                    })?;
-                } else if kernelmgr.message_is_ready() {
-                    let mut data_slice: [u8; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] = [0; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE];
-                    let meta = kernelmgr.message_get_slice(&mut data_slice).unwrap();
-                    drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessage {
-                        destination: destination, id: kernelmgr.get_current_id().unwrap(),
-                        status: meta.status, length: meta.len as u16, data: data_slice
-                    })?;
-                } else {
+                *self_destination = destination;
                 let errors;
                 unsafe {
                     errors = csr::drtiosat::rtio_error_read();
@@ -181,7 +179,6 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
                     drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::DestinationOkReply)?;
                 }
             }
-            }
 
             #[cfg(has_drtio_routing)]
             {
@@ -204,7 +201,6 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
                     }
                 }
             }
-
             Ok(())
         }
 
@@ -219,18 +215,18 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
             drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::RoutingAck)
         }
         #[cfg(has_drtio_routing)]
-        drtioaux::Packet::RoutingSetRank { rank } => {
-            *_rank = rank;
-            drtio_routing::interconnect_enable_all(_routing_table, rank);
+        drtioaux::Packet::RoutingSetRank { rank: new_rank } => {
+            *rank = new_rank;
+            drtio_routing::interconnect_enable_all(_routing_table, new_rank);
 
-            let rep_rank = rank + 1;
+            let rep_rank = new_rank + 1;
             for rep in _repeaters.iter() {
                 if let Err(e) = rep.set_rank(rep_rank) {
                     error!("failed to set rank ({})", e);
                 }
             }
 
-            info!("rank: {}", rank);
+            info!("rank: {}", new_rank);
             info!("routing table: {}", _routing_table);
 
             drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::RoutingAck)
@@ -245,8 +241,14 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
             drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::RoutingAck)
         }
 
+        drtioaux::Packet::RoutingRetrievePackets => {
+            let packet = router.get_upstream_packet().or(
+                Some(drtioaux::Packet::RoutingNoPackets)).unwrap();
+            drtioaux::send(0, &packet)
+        }
+
         drtioaux::Packet::MonitorRequest { destination: _destination, channel, probe } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             let value;
             #[cfg(has_rtio_moninj)]
             unsafe {
@@ -263,7 +265,7 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
             drtioaux::send(0, &reply)
         },
         drtioaux::Packet::InjectionRequest { destination: _destination, channel, overrd, value } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             #[cfg(has_rtio_moninj)]
             unsafe {
                 csr::rtio_moninj::inj_chan_sel_write(channel as _);
@@ -273,7 +275,7 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
             Ok(())
         },
         drtioaux::Packet::InjectionStatusRequest { destination: _destination, channel, overrd } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             let value;
             #[cfg(has_rtio_moninj)]
             unsafe {
@@ -289,22 +291,22 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
         },
 
         drtioaux::Packet::I2cStartRequest { destination: _destination, busno } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             let succeeded = i2c::start(busno).is_ok();
             drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::I2cBasicReply { succeeded: succeeded })
         }
         drtioaux::Packet::I2cRestartRequest { destination: _destination, busno } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             let succeeded = i2c::restart(busno).is_ok();
             drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::I2cBasicReply { succeeded: succeeded })
         }
         drtioaux::Packet::I2cStopRequest { destination: _destination, busno } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             let succeeded = i2c::stop(busno).is_ok();
             drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::I2cBasicReply { succeeded: succeeded })
         }
         drtioaux::Packet::I2cWriteRequest { destination: _destination, busno, data } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             match i2c::write(busno, data) {
                 Ok(ack) => drtioaux::send(0,
                     &drtioaux::Packet::I2cWriteReply { succeeded: true, ack: ack }),
@@ -313,7 +315,7 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
             }
         }
         drtioaux::Packet::I2cReadRequest { destination: _destination, busno, ack } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             match i2c::read(busno, ack) {
                 Ok(data) => drtioaux::send(0,
                     &drtioaux::Packet::I2cReadReply { succeeded: true, data: data }),
@@ -322,25 +324,25 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
             }
         }
         drtioaux::Packet::I2cSwitchSelectRequest { destination: _destination, busno, address, mask } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             let succeeded = i2c::switch_select(busno, address, mask).is_ok();
             drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::I2cBasicReply { succeeded: succeeded })
         }
 
         drtioaux::Packet::SpiSetConfigRequest { destination: _destination, busno, flags, length, div, cs } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             let succeeded = spi::set_config(busno, flags, length, div, cs).is_ok();
             drtioaux::send(0,
                 &drtioaux::Packet::SpiBasicReply { succeeded: succeeded })
         },
         drtioaux::Packet::SpiWriteRequest { destination: _destination, busno, data } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             let succeeded = spi::write(busno, data).is_ok();
             drtioaux::send(0,
                 &drtioaux::Packet::SpiBasicReply { succeeded: succeeded })
         }
         drtioaux::Packet::SpiReadRequest { destination: _destination, busno } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             match spi::read(busno) {
                 Ok(data) => drtioaux::send(0,
                     &drtioaux::Packet::SpiReadReply { succeeded: true, data: data }),
@@ -350,7 +352,7 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
         }
 
         drtioaux::Packet::AnalyzerHeaderRequest { destination: _destination } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             let header = analyzer.get_header();
             drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::AnalyzerHeader {
                 total_byte_count: header.total_byte_count,
@@ -360,7 +362,7 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
         }
 
         drtioaux::Packet::AnalyzerDataRequest { destination: _destination } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             let mut data_slice: [u8; SAT_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] = [0; SAT_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE];
             let meta = analyzer.get_data(&mut data_slice);
             drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::AnalyzerData {
@@ -370,34 +372,56 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
             })
         }
 
-        drtioaux::Packet::DmaAddTraceRequest { destination: _destination, id, status, length, trace } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
-            let succeeded = dmamgr.add(id, status, &trace, length as usize).is_ok();
-            drtioaux::send(0,
-                &drtioaux::Packet::DmaAddTraceReply { succeeded: succeeded })
+        drtioaux::Packet::DmaAddTraceRequest { source, destination, id, status, length, trace } => {
+            forward!(_routing_table, destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            *self_destination = destination;
+            let succeeded = dmamgr.add(source, id, status, &trace, length as usize).is_ok();
+            router.send(drtioaux::Packet::DmaAddTraceReply { 
+                source: *self_destination, destination: source, id: id, succeeded: succeeded 
+            }, _routing_table, *rank, *self_destination)
         }
-        drtioaux::Packet::DmaRemoveTraceRequest { destination: _destination, id } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
-            let succeeded = dmamgr.erase(id).is_ok();
-            drtioaux::send(0,
-                &drtioaux::Packet::DmaRemoveTraceReply { succeeded: succeeded })
+        drtioaux::Packet::DmaAddTraceReply { source, destination: _destination, id, succeeded } => {
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            dmamgr.ack_upload(kernelmgr, source, id, succeeded, router, *rank, *self_destination, _routing_table);
+            Ok(())
         }
-        drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackRequest { destination: _destination, id, timestamp } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+        drtioaux::Packet::DmaRemoveTraceRequest { source, destination: _destination, id } => {
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            let succeeded = dmamgr.erase(source, id).is_ok();
+            router.send(drtioaux::Packet::DmaRemoveTraceReply { 
+                destination: source, succeeded: succeeded 
+            }, _routing_table, *rank, *self_destination)
+        }
+        drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackRequest { source, destination: _destination, id, timestamp } => {
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             // no DMA with a running kernel
-            let succeeded = !kernelmgr.is_running() && dmamgr.playback(id, timestamp).is_ok();
-            drtioaux::send(0,
-                &drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackReply { succeeded: succeeded })
+            let succeeded = !kernelmgr.is_running() && dmamgr.playback(source, id, timestamp).is_ok();
+            router.send(drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackReply { 
+                destination: source, succeeded: succeeded
+            }, _routing_table, *rank, *self_destination)
+        }
+        drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackReply { destination: _destination, succeeded } => {
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            if !succeeded {
+                kernelmgr.ddma_nack();
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        }
+        drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackStatus { source: _, destination: _destination, id, error, channel, timestamp } => {
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            dmamgr.remote_finished(kernelmgr, id, error, channel, timestamp);
+            Ok(())
         }
 
-        drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelAddDataRequest { destination: _destination, id, status, length, data } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+        drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelAddDataRequest { destination, id, status, length, data } => {
+            forward!(_routing_table, destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            *self_destination = destination;
             let succeeded = kernelmgr.add(id, status, &data, length as usize).is_ok();
             drtioaux::send(0,
                 &drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelAddDataReply { succeeded: succeeded })
         }
-        drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelLoadRunRequest { destination: _destination, id, run } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+        drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelLoadRunRequest { source, destination: _destination, id, run } => {
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             let mut succeeded = kernelmgr.load(id).is_ok();
             // allow preloading a kernel with delayed run
             if run {
@@ -405,14 +429,27 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
                     // cannot run kernel while DDMA is running
                     succeeded = false;
                 } else {
-                    succeeded |= kernelmgr.run(id).is_ok();
+                    succeeded |= kernelmgr.run(source, id).is_ok();
                 }
             }
-            drtioaux::send(0,
-                &drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelLoadRunReply { succeeded: succeeded })
+            router.send(drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelLoadRunReply { 
+                    destination: source, succeeded: succeeded 
+                }, 
+            _routing_table, *rank, *self_destination)
+        }
+        drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelLoadRunReply { destination: _destination, succeeded } => {
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            // received if local subkernel started another, remote subkernel
+            kernelmgr.subkernel_load_run_reply(succeeded, *self_destination);
+            Ok(())
+        }
+        drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelFinished { destination: _destination, id, with_exception, exception_src } => {
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            kernelmgr.remote_subkernel_finished(id, with_exception, exception_src);
+            Ok(())
         }
         drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelExceptionRequest { destination: _destination } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             let mut data_slice: [u8; SAT_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] = [0; SAT_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE];
             let meta = kernelmgr.exception_get_slice(&mut data_slice);
             drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelException {
@@ -421,22 +458,23 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
                 data: data_slice,
             })
         }
-        drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessage { destination, id: _id, status, length, data } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+        drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessage { source, destination: _destination, id: _id, status, length, data } => {
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             kernelmgr.message_handle_incoming(status, length as usize, &data);
-            drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessageAck {
-                destination: destination
-            })
+            router.send(drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessageAck {
+                    destination: source
+                }, _routing_table, *rank, *self_destination)
         }
         drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessageAck { destination: _destination } => {
-            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *_rank, _repeaters, &packet);
+            forward!(_routing_table, _destination, *rank, _repeaters, &packet);
             if kernelmgr.message_ack_slice() {
                 let mut data_slice: [u8; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE] = [0; MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE];
                 if let Some(meta) = kernelmgr.message_get_slice(&mut data_slice) {
-                    drtioaux::send(0, &drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessage {
-                        destination: *_rank, id: kernelmgr.get_current_id().unwrap(),
+                    // route and not send immediately as ACKs are not a beginning of a transaction
+                    router.route(drtioaux::Packet::SubkernelMessage {
+                        source: *self_destination, destination: meta.destination, id: kernelmgr.get_current_id().unwrap(),
                         status: meta.status, length: meta.len as u16, data: data_slice
-                    })?
+                    }, _routing_table, *rank, *self_destination);
                 } else {
                     error!("Error receiving message slice");
                 }
@@ -453,18 +491,19 @@ fn process_aux_packet(dmamgr: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer, kernelmg
 
 fn process_aux_packets(dma_manager: &mut DmaManager, analyzer: &mut Analyzer,
         kernelmgr: &mut KernelManager, repeaters: &mut [repeater::Repeater],
-        routing_table: &mut drtio_routing::RoutingTable, rank: &mut u8) {
+        routing_table: &mut drtio_routing::RoutingTable, rank: &mut u8, router: &mut routing::Router,
+        destination: &mut u8) {
     let result =
         drtioaux::recv(0).and_then(|packet| {
-            if let Some(packet) = packet {
-                process_aux_packet(dma_manager, analyzer, kernelmgr, repeaters, routing_table, rank, packet)
+            if let Some(packet) = packet.or_else(|| router.get_local_packet()) {
+                process_aux_packet(dma_manager, analyzer, kernelmgr, 
+                    repeaters, routing_table, rank, router, destination, packet)
             } else {
                 Ok(())
             }
         });
-    match result {
-        Ok(()) => (),
-        Err(e) => warn!("aux packet error ({})", e)
+    if let Err(e) = result {
+        warn!("aux packet error ({})", e);
     }
 }
 
@@ -670,6 +709,7 @@ pub extern fn main() -> i32 {
     } 
     let mut routing_table = drtio_routing::RoutingTable::default_empty();
     let mut rank = 1;
+    let mut destination = 1;
 
     let mut hardware_tick_ts = 0;
 
@@ -677,10 +717,12 @@ pub extern fn main() -> i32 {
     ad9117::init().expect("AD9117 initialization failed");
     
     loop {
+        let mut router = routing::Router::new();
+
         while !drtiosat_link_rx_up() {
             drtiosat_process_errors();
             for rep in repeaters.iter_mut() {
-                rep.service(&routing_table, rank);
+                rep.service(&routing_table, rank, destination, &mut router);
             }
             #[cfg(all(soc_platform = "kasli", hw_rev = "v2.0"))]
             {
@@ -714,10 +756,10 @@ pub extern fn main() -> i32 {
         while drtiosat_link_rx_up() {
             drtiosat_process_errors();
             process_aux_packets(&mut dma_manager, &mut analyzer, 
-                &mut kernelmgr, &mut repeaters, 
-                &mut routing_table, &mut rank);
+                &mut kernelmgr, &mut repeaters, &mut routing_table,
+                &mut rank, &mut router, &mut destination);
             for rep in repeaters.iter_mut() {
-                rep.service(&routing_table, rank);
+                rep.service(&routing_table, rank, destination, &mut router);
             }
             #[cfg(all(soc_platform = "kasli", hw_rev = "v2.0"))]
             {
@@ -738,7 +780,26 @@ pub extern fn main() -> i32 {
                     error!("aux packet error: {}", e);
                 }
             }
-            kernelmgr.process_kern_requests(rank);
+            if let Some(status) = dma_manager.get_status() {
+                info!("playback done, error: {}, channel: {}, timestamp: {}", status.error, status.channel, status.timestamp);
+                router.route(drtioaux::Packet::DmaPlaybackStatus { 
+                    source: destination, destination: status.source, id: status.id,
+                    error: status.error, channel: status.channel, timestamp: status.timestamp 
+                }, &routing_table, rank, destination);
+            }
+
+            kernelmgr.process_kern_requests(&mut router, &routing_table, rank, destination, &mut dma_manager);
+            
+            #[cfg(has_drtio_routing)]
+            if let Some((repno, packet)) = router.get_downstream_packet() {
+                if let Err(e) = repeaters[repno].aux_send(&packet) {
+                    warn!("[REP#{}] Error when sending packet to satellite ({:?})", repno, e)
+                }
+            }
+
+            if router.any_upstream_waiting() {
+                drtiosat_async_ready();
+            }
         }
 
         drtiosat_reset_phy(true);

artiq/firmware/satman/repeater.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 use board_artiq::{drtioaux, drtio_routing};
 #[cfg(has_drtio_routing)]
 use board_misoc::{csr, clock};
+use routing::Router;
 
 #[cfg(has_drtio_routing)]
 fn rep_link_rx_up(repno: u8) -> bool {
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ impl Repeater {
         self.state == RepeaterState::Up
     }
 
-    pub fn service(&mut self, routing_table: &drtio_routing::RoutingTable, rank: u8) {
+    pub fn service(&mut self, routing_table: &drtio_routing::RoutingTable, rank: u8, destination: u8, router: &mut Router) {
         self.process_local_errors();
 
         match self.state {
@@ -111,6 +112,11 @@ impl Repeater {
                     info!("[REP#{}] link is down", self.repno);
                     self.state = RepeaterState::Down;
                 }
+                if self.async_messages_ready() {
+                    if let Err(e) = self.handle_async(routing_table, rank, destination, router) {
+                        warn!("[REP#{}] Error handling async messages ({})", self.repno, e);
+                    }
+                }
             }
             RepeaterState::Failed => {
                 if !rep_link_rx_up(self.repno) {
@@ -179,16 +185,42 @@ impl Repeater {
         }
     }
 
-    pub fn aux_forward(&self, request: &drtioaux::Packet) -> Result<(), drtioaux::Error<!>> {
-        if self.state != RepeaterState::Up {
-            return Err(drtioaux::Error::LinkDown);
+    fn async_messages_ready(&self) -> bool {
+        let async_rdy;
+        unsafe { 
+            async_rdy = (csr::DRTIOREP[self.repno as usize].async_messages_ready_read)();
+            (csr::DRTIOREP[self.repno as usize].async_messages_ready_write)(0);
         }
-        drtioaux::send(self.auxno, request).unwrap();
+        async_rdy == 1
+    }
+
+    fn handle_async(&self, routing_table: &drtio_routing::RoutingTable, rank: u8, self_destination: u8, router: &mut Router
+    ) -> Result<(), drtioaux::Error<!>> {
+        loop {
+            drtioaux::send(self.auxno, &drtioaux::Packet::RoutingRetrievePackets).unwrap();
+            let reply = self.recv_aux_timeout(200)?;
+            match reply {
+                drtioaux::Packet::RoutingNoPackets => break,
+                packet => router.route(packet, routing_table, rank, self_destination)
+            }
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn aux_forward(&self, request: &drtioaux::Packet) -> Result<(), drtioaux::Error<!>> {
+        self.aux_send(request)?;
         let reply = self.recv_aux_timeout(200)?;
         drtioaux::send(0, &reply).unwrap();
         Ok(())
     }
 
+    pub fn aux_send(&self, request: &drtioaux::Packet) -> Result<(), drtioaux::Error<!>> {
+        if self.state != RepeaterState::Up {
+            return Err(drtioaux::Error::LinkDown);
+        }
+        drtioaux::send(self.auxno, request)
+    }
+
     pub fn sync_tsc(&self) -> Result<(), drtioaux::Error<!>> {
         if self.state != RepeaterState::Up {
             return Ok(());
@@ -199,7 +231,6 @@ impl Repeater {
             (csr::DRTIOREP[repno].set_time_write)(1);
             while (csr::DRTIOREP[repno].set_time_read)() == 1 {}
         }
-
         // TSCAck is the only aux packet that is sent spontaneously
         // by the satellite, in response to a TSC set on the RT link.
         let reply = self.recv_aux_timeout(10000)?;
@@ -275,7 +306,7 @@ pub struct Repeater {
 impl Repeater {
     pub fn new(_repno: u8) -> Repeater { Repeater::default() }
 
-    pub fn service(&self, _routing_table: &drtio_routing::RoutingTable, _rank: u8) { }
+    pub fn service(&self, _routing_table: &drtio_routing::RoutingTable, _rank: u8, _destination: u8, _router: &mut Router) { }
 
     pub fn sync_tsc(&self) -> Result<(), drtioaux::Error<!>> { Ok(()) }
 

artiq/firmware/satman/routing.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+use alloc::{vec::Vec, collections::vec_deque::VecDeque};
+use board_artiq::{drtioaux, drtio_routing};
+#[cfg(has_drtio_routing)]
+use board_misoc::csr;
+use core::cmp::min;
+use proto_artiq::drtioaux_proto::PayloadStatus;
+use SAT_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE;
+use MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE;
+
+/* represents data that has to be sent with the aux protocol */
+#[derive(Debug)]
+pub struct Sliceable {
+    it: usize,
+    data: Vec<u8>,
+    destination: u8
+}
+
+pub struct SliceMeta {
+    pub destination: u8,
+    pub len: u16,
+    pub status: PayloadStatus
+}
+
+macro_rules! get_slice_fn {
+    ( $name:tt, $size:expr ) => {
+        pub fn $name(&mut self, data_slice: &mut [u8; $size]) -> SliceMeta {
+            let first = self.it == 0;
+            let len = min($size, self.data.len() - self.it);
+            let last = self.it + len == self.data.len();
+            let status = PayloadStatus::from_status(first, last);
+            data_slice[..len].clone_from_slice(&self.data[self.it..self.it+len]);
+            self.it += len;
+    
+            SliceMeta {
+                destination: self.destination,
+                len: len as u16,
+                status: status
+            }
+        }
+    };
+}
+
+impl Sliceable {
+    pub fn new(destination: u8, data: Vec<u8>) -> Sliceable {
+        Sliceable {
+            it: 0,
+            data: data,
+            destination: destination
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn at_end(&self) -> bool {
+        self.it == self.data.len()
+    }
+
+    pub fn extend(&mut self, data: &[u8]) {
+        self.data.extend(data);
+    }
+
+    get_slice_fn!(get_slice_sat, SAT_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE);
+    get_slice_fn!(get_slice_master, MASTER_PAYLOAD_MAX_SIZE);
+}
+
+// Packets from downstream (further satellites) are received and routed appropriately.
+// they're passed as soon as possible downstream (within the subtree), or sent upstream,
+// which is notified about pending packets.
+// for rank 1 (connected to master) satellites, these packets are passed as an answer to DestinationStatusRequest;
+// for higher ranks, after getting a notification, it will transact with downstream to get the pending packets.
+
+// forward! macro is not deprecated, as routable packets are only these that can originate
+// from both master and satellite, e.g. DDMA and Subkernel.
+
+pub struct Router {
+    upstream_queue: VecDeque<drtioaux::Packet>, 
+    local_queue: VecDeque<drtioaux::Packet>,
+    #[cfg(has_drtio_routing)]
+    downstream_queue: VecDeque<(usize, drtioaux::Packet)>,
+    upstream_notified: bool,
+}
+
+impl Router {
+    pub fn new() -> Router {
+        Router {
+            upstream_queue: VecDeque::new(),
+            local_queue: VecDeque::new(),
+            #[cfg(has_drtio_routing)]
+            downstream_queue: VecDeque::new(),
+            upstream_notified: false,
+        }
+    }
+
+    // called by local sources (DDMA, kernel) and by repeaters on receiving async data
+    // messages are always buffered for both upstream and downstream
+    pub fn route(&mut self, packet: drtioaux::Packet,
+        _routing_table: &drtio_routing::RoutingTable, _rank: u8,
+        self_destination: u8
+    ) {
+        let destination = packet.routable_destination();
+        #[cfg(has_drtio_routing)]
+        {
+            if let Some(destination) = destination {
+                let hop = _routing_table.0[destination as usize][_rank as usize] as usize;
+                if destination == self_destination {
+                    self.local_queue.push_back(packet);
+                } else if hop > 0 && hop < csr::DRTIOREP.len() {
+                    let repno = (hop - 1) as usize;
+                    self.downstream_queue.push_back((repno, packet));
+                } else {
+                    self.upstream_queue.push_back(packet);
+                }
+            } else {
+                error!("Received an unroutable packet: {:?}", packet);
+            }
+        }
+        #[cfg(not(has_drtio_routing))]
+        {
+            if destination == Some(self_destination) {
+                self.local_queue.push_back(packet);
+            } else {
+                self.upstream_queue.push_back(packet);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Sends a packet to a required destination, routing if it's necessary
+    pub fn send(&mut self, packet: drtioaux::Packet,
+        _routing_table: &drtio_routing::RoutingTable,
+        _rank: u8, _destination: u8
+    ) -> Result<(), drtioaux::Error<!>> {
+        #[cfg(has_drtio_routing)]
+        {
+            let destination = packet.routable_destination();
+            if let Some(destination) = destination {
+                let hop = _routing_table.0[destination as usize][_rank as usize] as usize;
+                if destination == 0 {
+                    // response is needed immediately if master required it
+                    drtioaux::send(0, &packet)?;
+                } else if !(hop > 0 && hop < csr::DRTIOREP.len()) {
+                    // higher rank can wait
+                    self.upstream_queue.push_back(packet);
+                } else {
+                    let repno = (hop - 1) as usize;
+                    // transaction will occur at closest possible opportunity
+                    self.downstream_queue.push_back((repno, packet));
+                }
+                Ok(())
+            } else {
+                // packet not supported in routing, fallback - sent directly
+                drtioaux::send(0, &packet)
+            }
+        }
+        #[cfg(not(has_drtio_routing))]
+        {
+            drtioaux::send(0, &packet)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn any_upstream_waiting(&mut self) -> bool {
+        let empty = self.upstream_queue.is_empty();
+        if !empty && !self.upstream_notified {
+            self.upstream_notified = true; // so upstream will not get spammed with notifications
+            true
+        } else {
+            false
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_upstream_packet(&mut self) -> Option<drtioaux::Packet> {
+        let packet = self.upstream_queue.pop_front();
+        if packet.is_none() {
+            self.upstream_notified = false;
+        }
+        packet
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(has_drtio_routing)]
+    pub fn get_downstream_packet(&mut self) -> Option<(usize, drtioaux::Packet)> {
+        self.downstream_queue.pop_front()
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_local_packet(&mut self) -> Option<drtioaux::Packet> {
+        self.local_queue.pop_front()
+    }
+}

artiq/frontend/artiq_compile.py

@@ -67,12 +67,21 @@ def main():
                 core.compile(exp.run, [exp_inst], {},
                              attribute_writeback=False, print_as_rpc=False)
 
-            subkernels = {}
-            for sid, subkernel_fn in object_map.subkernels().items():
-                destination, subkernel_library = core.compile_subkernel(
+            subkernels = object_map.subkernels()
+            compiled_subkernels = {}
+            while True:
+                new_subkernels = {}
+                for sid, subkernel_fn in subkernels.items():
+                    if sid in compiled_subkernels.keys():
+                        continue
+                    destination, subkernel_library, embedding_map = core.compile_subkernel(
                         sid, subkernel_fn, object_map, 
-                    [exp_inst], subkernel_arg_types)
-                subkernels[sid] = (destination, subkernel_library)
+                        [exp_inst], subkernel_arg_types, subkernels)
+                    compiled_subkernels[sid] = (destination, subkernel_library)
+                    new_subkernels.update(embedding_map.subkernels())
+                if new_subkernels == subkernels:
+                    break
+                subkernels.update(new_subkernels)
         except CompileError as error:
             return
         finally:
@@ -107,7 +116,7 @@ def main():
             tar.addfile(main_kernel_info, fileobj=main_kernel_fileobj)
 
             # subkernels as "<sid> <destination>.elf"
-            for sid, (destination, subkernel_library) in subkernels.items():
+            for sid, (destination, subkernel_library) in compiled_subkernels.items():
                 subkernel_fileobj = io.BytesIO(subkernel_library)
                 subkernel_info = tarfile.TarInfo(name="{} {}.elf".format(sid, destination))
                 subkernel_info.size = len(subkernel_library)

artiq/gateware/drtio/core.py

@@ -78,6 +78,7 @@ class DRTIOSatellite(Module):
         self.reset = CSRStorage(reset=1)
         self.reset_phy = CSRStorage(reset=1)
         self.tsc_loaded = CSR()
+        self.async_messages_ready = CSR()
         # master interface in the sys domain
         self.cri = cri.Interface()
         self.async_errors = Record(async_errors_layout)
@@ -129,6 +130,9 @@ class DRTIOSatellite(Module):
             link_layer_sync, interface=self.cri)
         self.comb += self.rt_packet.reset.eq(self.cd_rio.rst)
 
+        self.sync += If(self.async_messages_ready.re, self.rt_packet.async_msg_stb.eq(1))
+        self.comb += self.async_messages_ready.w.eq(self.rt_packet.async_msg_ack)
+
         self.comb += [
             tsc.load.eq(self.rt_packet.tsc_load),
             tsc.load_value.eq(self.rt_packet.tsc_load_value)
@@ -136,14 +140,14 @@ class DRTIOSatellite(Module):
 
         self.sync += [
             If(self.tsc_loaded.re, self.tsc_loaded.w.eq(0)),
-            If(self.rt_packet.tsc_load, self.tsc_loaded.w.eq(1))
+            If(self.rt_packet.tsc_load, self.tsc_loaded.w.eq(1)),
         ]
 
         self.submodules.rt_errors = rt_errors_satellite.RTErrorsSatellite(
             self.rt_packet, tsc, self.async_errors)
 
     def get_csrs(self):
-        return ([self.reset, self.reset_phy, self.tsc_loaded] +
+        return ([self.reset, self.reset_phy, self.tsc_loaded, self.async_messages_ready] +
                 self.link_layer.get_csrs() + self.link_stats.get_csrs() +
                 self.rt_errors.get_csrs())
 

artiq/gateware/drtio/rt_controller_master.py

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ class _CSRs(AutoCSR):
 
         self.set_time = CSR()
         self.underflow_margin = CSRStorage(16, reset=300)
+        self.async_messages_ready = CSR()
 
         self.force_destination = CSRStorage()
         self.destination = CSRStorage(8)
@@ -60,6 +61,11 @@ class RTController(Module):
             If(self.csrs.set_time.re, rt_packet.set_time_stb.eq(1))
         ]
 
+        self.sync += [
+            If(rt_packet.async_messages_ready, self.csrs.async_messages_ready.w.eq(1)),
+            If(self.csrs.async_messages_ready.re, self.csrs.async_messages_ready.w.eq(0))
+        ]
+
         # chan_sel forcing
         chan_sel = Signal(24)
         self.comb += chan_sel.eq(Mux(self.csrs.force_destination.storage,

artiq/gateware/drtio/rt_controller_repeater.py

@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ class RTController(Module, AutoCSR):
         self.command_missed_cmd = CSRStatus(2)
         self.command_missed_chan_sel = CSRStatus(24)
         self.buffer_space_timeout_dest = CSRStatus(8)
+        self.async_messages_ready = CSR()
 
         self.sync += rt_packet.reset.eq(self.reset.storage)
 
@@ -23,6 +24,12 @@ class RTController(Module, AutoCSR):
         ]
         self.comb += self.set_time.w.eq(rt_packet.set_time_stb)
 
+        self.sync += [
+            If(rt_packet.async_messages_ready, self.async_messages_ready.w.eq(1)),
+            If(self.async_messages_ready.re, self.async_messages_ready.w.eq(0))
+        ]
+
+
         errors = [
             (rt_packet.err_unknown_packet_type, "rtio_rx", None, None),
             (rt_packet.err_packet_truncated, "rtio_rx", None, None),

artiq/gateware/drtio/rt_packet_master.py

@@ -61,6 +61,9 @@ class RTPacketMaster(Module):
         # a set_time request pending
         self.tsc_value = Signal(64)
 
+        # async aux messages interface, only received
+        self.async_messages_ready = Signal()
+
         # rx errors
         self.err_unknown_packet_type = Signal()
         self.err_packet_truncated = Signal()
@@ -283,12 +286,16 @@ class RTPacketMaster(Module):
         echo_received_now = Signal()
         self.sync.rtio_rx += self.echo_received_now.eq(echo_received_now)
 
+        async_messages_ready = Signal()
+        self.sync.rtio_rx += self.async_messages_ready.eq(async_messages_ready)
+
         rx_fsm.act("INPUT",
             If(rx_dp.frame_r,
                 rx_dp.packet_buffer_load.eq(1),
                 If(rx_dp.packet_last,
                     Case(rx_dp.packet_type, {
                         rx_plm.types["echo_reply"]: echo_received_now.eq(1),
+                        rx_plm.types["async_messages_ready"]: async_messages_ready.eq(1),
                         rx_plm.types["buffer_space_reply"]: NextState("BUFFER_SPACE"),
                         rx_plm.types["read_reply"]: NextState("READ_REPLY"),
                         rx_plm.types["read_reply_noevent"]: NextState("READ_REPLY_NOEVENT"),

artiq/gateware/drtio/rt_packet_repeater.py

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ class RTPacketRepeater(Module):
         # in rtio_rx domain
         self.err_unknown_packet_type = Signal()
         self.err_packet_truncated = Signal()
+        self.async_messages_ready = Signal()
 
         # in rtio domain
         self.err_command_missed = Signal()
@@ -304,6 +305,7 @@ class RTPacketRepeater(Module):
                 rx_dp.packet_buffer_load.eq(1),
                 If(rx_dp.packet_last,
                     Case(rx_dp.packet_type, {
+                        rx_plm.types["async_messages_ready"]: self.async_messages_ready.eq(1),
                         rx_plm.types["buffer_space_reply"]: NextState("BUFFER_SPACE"),
                         rx_plm.types["read_reply"]: NextState("READ_REPLY"),
                         rx_plm.types["read_reply_noevent"]: NextState("READ_REPLY_NOEVENT"),

artiq/gateware/drtio/rt_packet_satellite.py

@@ -19,6 +19,9 @@ class RTPacketSatellite(Module):
         self.tsc_load = Signal()
         self.tsc_load_value = Signal(64)
 
+        self.async_msg_stb = Signal()
+        self.async_msg_ack = Signal()
+
         if interface is None:
             interface = cri.Interface()
         self.cri = interface
@@ -78,6 +81,8 @@ class RTPacketSatellite(Module):
             )
         ]
 
+        self.sync += If(self.async_msg_ack, self.async_msg_stb.eq(0))
+
         # RX FSM
         cri_read = Signal()
         cri_buffer_space = Signal()
@@ -197,6 +202,7 @@ class RTPacketSatellite(Module):
 
         tx_fsm.act("IDLE",
             If(echo_req, NextState("ECHO")),
+            If(self.async_msg_stb, NextState("ASYNC_MESSAGES_READY")),
             If(buffer_space_req, NextState("BUFFER_SPACE")),
             If(read_request_pending & ~self.cri.i_status[2],
                 NextState("READ"),
@@ -210,6 +216,12 @@ class RTPacketSatellite(Module):
             If(tx_dp.packet_last, NextState("IDLE"))
         )
 
+        tx_fsm.act("ASYNC_MESSAGES_READY",
+            self.async_msg_ack.eq(1),
+            tx_dp.send("async_messages_ready"),
+            If(tx_dp.packet_last, NextState("IDLE"))
+        )
+
         tx_fsm.act("BUFFER_SPACE",
             buffer_space_ack.eq(1),
             tx_dp.send("buffer_space_reply", space=buffer_space),

artiq/gateware/drtio/rt_serializer.py

@@ -69,6 +69,7 @@ def get_s2m_layouts(alignment):
 
     plm.add_type("read_reply", ("timestamp", 64), ("data", 32))
     plm.add_type("read_reply_noevent", ("overflow", 1))  # overflow=0→timeout
+    plm.add_type("async_messages_ready")
 
     return plm
 

artiq/language/core.py

@@ -72,8 +72,8 @@ def subkernel(arg=None, destination=0, flags={}):
     Subkernels behave similarly to kernels, with few key differences:
 
         - they are started from main kernels,
-        - they do not support RPCs, or running subsequent subkernels on other devices,
-        - but they can call other kernels or subkernels with the same destination.
+        - they do not support RPCs,
+        - but they can call other kernels or subkernels.
 
     Subkernels can accept arguments and return values. However, they must be fully 
     annotated with ARTIQ types.

artiq/test/lit/embedding/subkernel_no_arg.py

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ from artiq.language.types import *
 
 @kernel
 def entrypoint():
-    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
+    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i8 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
     # CHECK-NOT: call void @subkernel_send_message\(.*\), !dbg !.
     no_arg()
 
 
-# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_load_run(i32, i1) local_unnamed_addr
-# CHECK-NOT-L: declare void @subkernel_send_message(i32, { i8*, i32 }*, i8**) local_unnamed_addr
+# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_load_run(i32, i8, i1) local_unnamed_addr
+# CHECK-NOT-L: declare void @subkernel_send_message(i32, i1, i8, { i8*, i32 }*, i8**) local_unnamed_addr
 @subkernel(destination=1)
 def no_arg() -> TStr:
     pass

artiq/test/lit/embedding/subkernel_return.py

@@ -6,15 +6,15 @@ from artiq.language.types import *
 
 @kernel
 def entrypoint():
-    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
+    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i8 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
     # CHECK-NOT: call void @subkernel_send_message\(.*\), !dbg !.
     returning()
     # CHECK: call i8 @subkernel_await_message\(i32 1, i64 10000, { i8\*, i32 }\* nonnull .*, i8 1, i8 1\), !dbg !.
     # CHECK: call void @subkernel_await_finish\(i32 1, i64 10000\), !dbg !.
     subkernel_await(returning)
 
-# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_load_run(i32, i1) local_unnamed_addr
-# CHECK-NOT-L: declare void @subkernel_send_message(i32, i8, { i8*, i32 }*, i8**) local_unnamed_addr
+# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_load_run(i32, i8, i1) local_unnamed_addr
+# CHECK-NOT-L: declare void @subkernel_send_message(i32, i1, i8, i8, { i8*, i32 }*, i8**) local_unnamed_addr
 # CHECK-L: declare i8 @subkernel_await_message(i32, i64, { i8*, i32 }*, i8, i8) local_unnamed_addr
 # CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_await_finish(i32, i64) local_unnamed_addr
 @subkernel(destination=1)

artiq/test/lit/embedding/subkernel_return_none.py

@@ -6,15 +6,15 @@ from artiq.language.types import *
 
 @kernel
 def entrypoint():
-    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
+    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i8 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
     # CHECK-NOT: call void @subkernel_send_message\(.*\), !dbg !.
     returning_none()
     # CHECK: call void @subkernel_await_finish\(i32 1, i64 10000\), !dbg !.
     # CHECK-NOT: call i8 @subkernel_await_message\(i32 1, i64 10000\, .*\), !dbg !.
     subkernel_await(returning_none)
 
-# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_load_run(i32, i1) local_unnamed_addr
-# CHECK-NOT-L: declare void @subkernel_send_message(i32, { i8*, i32 }*, i8**) local_unnamed_addr
+# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_load_run(i32, i8, i1) local_unnamed_addr
+# CHECK-NOT-L: declare void @subkernel_send_message(i32, i1, i8, { i8*, i32 }*, i8**) local_unnamed_addr
 # CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_await_finish(i32, i64) local_unnamed_addr
 # CHECK-NOT-L: declare i8 @subkernel_await_message(i32, i64, { i8*, i32 }*, i8, i8) local_unnamed_addr
 @subkernel(destination=1)

artiq/test/lit/embedding/subkernel_self.py

@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ class A:
 
     @kernel
     def kernel_entrypoint(self):
-        # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
+        # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i8 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
         # CHECK-NOT: call void @subkernel_send_message\(.*\), !dbg !.
         self.sk()
 
@@ -21,5 +21,5 @@ a = A()
 def entrypoint():
     a.kernel_entrypoint()
 
-# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_load_run(i32, i1) local_unnamed_addr
-# CHECK-NOT-L: declare void @subkernel_send_message(i32, i8, { i8*, i32 }*, i8**) local_unnamed_addr
+# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_load_run(i32, i8, i1) local_unnamed_addr
+# CHECK-NOT-L: declare void @subkernel_send_message(i32, i1, i8, i8, { i8*, i32 }*, i8**) local_unnamed_addr

artiq/test/lit/embedding/subkernel_self_args.py

@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@ class A:
 
     @kernel
     def kernel_entrypoint(self):
-        # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
-        # CHECK: call void @subkernel_send_message\(i32 1, i8 1, .*\), !dbg !.
+        # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i8 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
+        # CHECK: call void @subkernel_send_message\(i32 1, i1 false, i8 1, i8 1, .*\), !dbg !.
         self.sk(1)
 
 a = A()
@@ -21,5 +21,5 @@ a = A()
 def entrypoint():
     a.kernel_entrypoint()
 
-# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_load_run(i32, i1) local_unnamed_addr
-# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_send_message(i32, i8, { i8*, i32 }*, i8**) local_unnamed_addr
+# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_load_run(i32, i8, i1) local_unnamed_addr
+# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_send_message(i32, i1, i8, i8, { i8*, i32 }*, i8**) local_unnamed_addr

artiq/test/lit/embedding/subkernel_with_arg.py

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ from artiq.language.types import *
 
 @kernel
 def entrypoint():
-    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
-    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_send_message\(i32 ., i8 1, .*\), !dbg !.
+    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i8 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
+    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_send_message\(i32 ., i1 false, i8 1, i8 1, .*\), !dbg !.
     accept_arg(1)
 
 
-# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_load_run(i32, i1) local_unnamed_addr
-# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_send_message(i32, i8, { i8*, i32 }*, i8**) local_unnamed_addr
+# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_load_run(i32, i8, i1) local_unnamed_addr
+# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_send_message(i32, i1, i8, i8, { i8*, i32 }*, i8**) local_unnamed_addr
 @subkernel(destination=1)
 def accept_arg(arg: TInt32) -> TNone:
     pass

artiq/test/lit/embedding/subkernel_with_opt_arg.py

@@ -6,16 +6,16 @@ from artiq.language.types import *
 
 @kernel
 def entrypoint():
-    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
-    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_send_message\(i32 ., i8 1, .*\), !dbg !.
+    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i8 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
+    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_send_message\(i32 ., i1 false, i8 1, i8 1, .*\), !dbg !.
     accept_arg(1)
-    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
-    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_send_message\(i32 ., i8 2, .*\), !dbg !.
+    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_load_run\(i32 1, i8 1, i1 true\), !dbg !.
+    # CHECK: call void @subkernel_send_message\(i32 ., i1 false, i8 1, i8 2, .*\), !dbg !.
     accept_arg(1, 2)
 
 
-# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_load_run(i32, i1) local_unnamed_addr
-# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_send_message(i32, i8, { i8*, i32 }*, i8**) local_unnamed_addr
+# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_load_run(i32, i8, i1) local_unnamed_addr
+# CHECK-L: declare void @subkernel_send_message(i32, i1, i8, i8, { i8*, i32 }*, i8**) local_unnamed_addr
 @subkernel(destination=1)
 def accept_arg(arg_a, arg_b=5) -> TNone:
     pass

doc/manual/getting_started_core.rst

@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ Subkernels refer to kernels running on a satellite device. This allows you to of
 
 Subkernels behave in most part as regular kernels, they accept arguments and can return values. However, there are few caveats:
 
-   - they do not support RPCs or calling subsequent subkernels on other devices,
+   - they do not support RPCs,
    - they do not support DRTIO,
    - their return value must be fully annotated with an ARTIQ type,
    - their arguments should be annotated, and only basic ARTIQ types are supported,
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ Subkernels are compiled after the main kernel, and then immediately uploaded to
 
 While ``self`` is accepted as an argument for subkernels, it is embedded into the compiled data. Any changes made by the main kernel or other subkernels, will not be available.
 
-Subkernels can call other kernels and subkernels, if they're within the same destination. For a more complex example: ::
+Subkernels can call other kernels and subkernels. For a more complex example: ::
 
     from artiq.experiment import *