Allow using Python types in type annotations

This maps basic Python types (float, str, bool, np.int32, np.int64) as well as
some generics (list, tuple) to ARTIQ's own type instances.

Signed-off-by: Jonathan Coates <jonathan.coates@oxionics.com>

RELEASE_NOTES.rst

@@ -25,6 +25,8 @@ Highlights:
   support legacy installations, but may be removed in a future release.
 * Added channel names to RTIO errors.
 * Full Python 3.10 support.
+* Python's built-in types (such as `float`, or `List[...]`) can now be used in type annotations on
+  kernel functions.
 * Distributed DMA is now supported, allowing DMA to be run directly on satellites for corresponding
   RTIO events, increasing bandwidth in scenarios with heavy satellite usage.
 * API extensions have been implemented, enabling applets to directly modify datasets.

artiq/compiler/embedding.py

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ the references to the host objects and translates the functions
 annotated as ``@kernel`` when they are referenced.
 """
 
+import typing
 import os, re, linecache, inspect, textwrap, types as pytypes, numpy
 from collections import OrderedDict, defaultdict
 
@@ -1071,9 +1072,6 @@ class Stitcher:
         return function_node
 
     def _extract_annot(self, function, annot, kind, call_loc, fn_kind):
-        if annot is None:
-            annot = builtins.TNone()
-
         if isinstance(function, SpecializedFunction):
             host_function = function.host_function
         else:
@@ -1087,9 +1085,20 @@ class Stitcher:
         if isinstance(embedded_function, str):
             embedded_function = host_function
 
+        return self._to_artiq_type(
+            annot,
+            function=function,
+            kind=kind,
+            eval_in_scope=lambda x: eval(x, embedded_function.__globals__),
+            call_loc=call_loc,
+            fn_kind=fn_kind)
+
+    def _to_artiq_type(
+        self, annot, *, function, kind: str, eval_in_scope, call_loc: str, fn_kind: str
+    ) -> types.Type:
         if isinstance(annot, str):
             try:
-                annot = eval(annot, embedded_function.__globals__)
+                annot = eval_in_scope(annot)
             except Exception:
                 diag = diagnostic.Diagnostic(
                     "error",
@@ -1099,17 +1108,67 @@ class Stitcher:
                     notes=self._call_site_note(call_loc, fn_kind))
                 self.engine.process(diag)
 
-        if not isinstance(annot, types.Type):
+        if isinstance(annot, types.Type):
+            return annot
+
+        # Convert built-in Python types to ARTIQ ones.
+        if annot is None:
+            return builtins.TNone()
+        elif annot is numpy.int64:
+            return builtins.TInt64()
+        elif annot is numpy.int32:
+            return builtins.TInt32()
+        elif annot is float:
+            return builtins.TFloat()
+        elif annot is bool:
+            return builtins.TBool()
+        elif annot is str:
+            return builtins.TStr()
+        elif annot is bytes:
+            return builtins.TBytes()
+        elif annot is bytearray:
+            return builtins.TByteArray()
+
+        # Convert generic Python types to ARTIQ ones.
+        generic_ty = typing.get_origin(annot)
+        if generic_ty is not None:
+            type_args = typing.get_args(annot)
+            artiq_args = [
+                self._to_artiq_type(
+                    x,
+                    function=function,
+                    kind=kind,
+                    eval_in_scope=eval_in_scope,
+                    call_loc=call_loc,
+                    fn_kind=fn_kind)
+                for x in type_args
+            ]
+
+            if generic_ty is list and len(artiq_args) == 1:
+                return builtins.TList(artiq_args[0])
+            elif generic_ty is tuple:
+                return types.TTuple(artiq_args)
+
+        # Otherwise report an unknown type and just use a fresh tyvar.
+
+        if annot is int:
+            message = (
+                "type annotation for {kind}, 'int' cannot be used as an ARTIQ type. "
+                "Use numpy's int32 or int64 instead."
+            )
+            ty = builtins.TInt()
+        else:
+            message = "type annotation for {kind}, '{annot}', is not an ARTIQ type"
+            ty = types.TVar()
+
         diag = diagnostic.Diagnostic("error",
-                "type annotation for {kind}, '{annot}', is not an ARTIQ type",
+            message,
             {"kind": kind, "annot": repr(annot)},
             self._function_loc(function),
             notes=self._call_site_note(call_loc, fn_kind))
         self.engine.process(diag)
 
-            return types.TVar()
+        return ty
-        else:
-            return annot
 
     def _quote_syscall(self, function, loc):
         signature = inspect.signature(function)

artiq/test/lit/embedding/annotation_py.py

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+# RUN: env ARTIQ_DUMP_LLVM=%t %python -m artiq.compiler.testbench.embedding +compile %s
+# RUN: OutputCheck %s --file-to-check=%t.ll
+
+from typing import List, Tuple
+
+import numpy as np
+
+from artiq.language.core import *
+from artiq.language.types import *
+
+# CHECK-L: i64 @_Z13testbench.foozz(i64 %ARG.x, { i1, i32 } %ARG.y)
+
+@kernel
+def foo(x: np.int64, y: np.int32 = 1) -> np.int64:
+    print(x + y)
+    return x + y
+
+# CHECK-L: void @_Z13testbench.barzz()
+@kernel
+def bar(x: np.int32) -> None:
+    print(x)
+
+# CHECK-L: @_Z21testbench.unpack_listzz({ i1, i64 }* nocapture writeonly sret({ i1, i64 }) %.1, { i64*, i32 }* %ARG.xs)
+@kernel
+def unpack_list(xs: List[np.int64]) -> Tuple[bool, np.int64]:
+    print(xs)
+    return (len(xs) == 1, xs[0])
+
+@kernel
+def entrypoint():
+    print(foo(0, 2))
+    print(foo(1, 3))
+    bar(3)
+    print(unpack_list([1, 2, 3]))

artiq/test/lit/embedding/error_specialized_annot.py

@@ -4,14 +4,14 @@
 from artiq.experiment import *
 
 class c():
-# CHECK-L: ${LINE:+2}: error: type annotation for argument 'x', '<class 'float'>', is not an ARTIQ type
+# CHECK-L: ${LINE:+2}: error: type annotation for argument 'x', '<class 'list'>', is not an ARTIQ type
     @kernel
-    def hello(self, x: float):
+    def hello(self, x: list):
         pass
 
     @kernel
     def run(self):
-        self.hello(2)
+        self.hello([])
 
 i = c()
 @kernel