core: Implement most ndarray-creation functions

nac3core/src/codegen/generator.rs

@@ -92,6 +92,18 @@ pub trait CodeGenerator {
         gen_var(ctx, ty, name)
     }
 
+    /// Allocate memory for a variable and return a pointer pointing to it.
+    /// The default implementation places the allocations at the start of the function.
+    fn gen_array_var_alloc<'ctx, 'a>(
+        &mut self,
+        ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+        ty: BasicTypeEnum<'ctx>,
+        size: IntValue<'ctx>,
+        name: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+        gen_array_var(ctx, ty, size, name)
+    }
+
     /// Return a pointer pointing to the target of the expression.
     fn gen_store_target<'ctx>(
         &mut self,

nac3core/src/codegen/irrt/irrt.c

@@ -199,27 +199,27 @@ double __nac3_j0(double x) {
 }
 
 uint32_t __nac3_ndarray_calc_size(
-    const int32_t *list_data,
+    const uint64_t *list_data,
     uint32_t list_len
 ) {
     uint32_t num_elems = 1;
     for (uint32_t i = 0; i < list_len; ++i) {
-        int32_t val = list_data[i];
+        uint64_t val = list_data[i];
         __builtin_assume(val >= 0);
-        num_elems *= (uint32_t) list_data[i];
+        num_elems *= list_data[i];
     }
     return num_elems;
 }
 
 uint64_t __nac3_ndarray_calc_size64(
-    const int32_t *list_data,
+    const uint64_t *list_data,
     uint64_t list_len
 ) {
     uint64_t num_elems = 1;
     for (uint64_t i = 0; i < list_len; ++i) {
-        int32_t val = list_data[i];
+        uint64_t val = list_data[i];
         __builtin_assume(val >= 0);
-       num_elems *= (uint64_t) list_data[i];
+       num_elems *= list_data[i];
     }
     return num_elems;
 }
@@ -241,3 +241,31 @@ void __nac3_ndarray_init_dims64(
         ndarray_dims[i] = (uint64_t) shape_data[i];
     }
 }
+
+void __nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices(
+    uint32_t index,
+    const uint32_t* dims,
+    uint32_t num_dims,
+    uint32_t* idxs
+) {
+    uint32_t stride = 1;
+    for (uint32_t dim = 0; dim < num_dims; dim++) {
+        uint32_t i = num_dims - dim - 1;
+        idxs[i] = (index / stride) % dims[i];
+        stride *= dims[i];
+    }
+}
+
+void __nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices64(
+    uint64_t index,
+    const uint64_t* dims,
+    uint64_t num_dims,
+    uint64_t* idxs
+) {
+    uint64_t stride = 1;
+    for (uint64_t dim = 0; dim < num_dims; dim++) {
+        uint64_t i = num_dims - dim - 1;
+        idxs[i] = (index / stride) % dims[i];
+        stride *= dims[i];
+    }
+}

nac3core/src/codegen/irrt/mod.rs

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 use crate::typecheck::typedef::Type;
 
-use super::{CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator};
+use super::{assert_is_list, assert_is_ndarray, CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator};
 use inkwell::{
     attributes::{Attribute, AttributeLoc},
     context::Context,
@@ -12,9 +12,6 @@ use inkwell::{
 };
 use nac3parser::ast::Expr;
 
-#[cfg(debug_assertions)]
-use inkwell::types::AnyTypeEnum;
-
 #[must_use]
 pub fn load_irrt(ctx: &Context) -> Module {
     let bitcode_buf = MemoryBuffer::create_from_memory_range(
@@ -550,62 +547,21 @@ pub fn call_j0<'ctx>(
         .into_float_value()
 }
 
-/// Checks whether the pointer `value` refers to a `list` in LLVM.
-fn assert_is_list(value: PointerValue) -> PointerValue {
-    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
-    {
-        let llvm_shape_ty = value.get_type().get_element_type();
-        let AnyTypeEnum::StructType(llvm_shape_ty) = llvm_shape_ty else {
-            panic!("Expected struct type for `list` type, but got {llvm_shape_ty}")
-        };
-        assert_eq!(llvm_shape_ty.count_fields(), 2);
-        assert!(matches!(llvm_shape_ty.get_field_type_at_index(0), Some(BasicTypeEnum::PointerType(..))));
-        assert!(matches!(llvm_shape_ty.get_field_type_at_index(1), Some(BasicTypeEnum::IntType(..))));
-    }
-
-    value
-}
-
-/// Checks whether the pointer `value` refers to an `NDArray` in LLVM.
-fn assert_is_ndarray(value: PointerValue) -> PointerValue {
-    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
-    {
-        let llvm_ndarray_ty = value.get_type().get_element_type();
-        let AnyTypeEnum::StructType(llvm_ndarray_ty) = llvm_ndarray_ty else {
-            panic!("Expected struct type for `NDArray` type, but got {llvm_ndarray_ty}")
-        };
-
-        assert_eq!(llvm_ndarray_ty.count_fields(), 3);
-        assert!(matches!(llvm_ndarray_ty.get_field_type_at_index(0), Some(BasicTypeEnum::IntType(..))));
-        let Some(ndarray_dims) = llvm_ndarray_ty.get_field_type_at_index(1) else {
-            unreachable!()
-        };
-        let BasicTypeEnum::PointerType(dims) = ndarray_dims else {
-            panic!("Expected pointer type for `list.1`, but got {ndarray_dims}")
-        };
-        assert!(matches!(dims.get_element_type(), AnyTypeEnum::IntType(..)));
-        assert!(matches!(llvm_ndarray_ty.get_field_type_at_index(2), Some(BasicTypeEnum::PointerType(..))));
-    }
-
-    value
-}
-
 /// Generates a call to `__nac3_ndarray_calc_size`. Returns an [IntValue] representing the
 /// calculated total size.
 ///
-/// * `shape` - LLVM pointer to the `shape` of the NDArray. This value must be the LLVM
+/// * `num_dims` - An [IntValue] containing the number of dimensions.
-/// representation of a `list`.
+/// * `dims` - A [PointerValue] to an array containing the size of each dimensions.
 pub fn call_ndarray_calc_size<'ctx, 'a>(
     generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
-    shape: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+    num_dims: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    dims: PointerValue<'ctx>,
 ) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
-    assert_is_list(shape);
+    let llvm_i64 = ctx.ctx.i64_type();
-
-    let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
     let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
 
-    let llvm_pi32 = llvm_i32.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
+    let llvm_pi64 = llvm_i64.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
 
     let ndarray_calc_size_fn_name = match generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx).get_bit_width() {
         32 => "__nac3_ndarray_calc_size",
@@ -614,7 +570,7 @@ pub fn call_ndarray_calc_size<'ctx, 'a>(
     };
     let ndarray_calc_size_fn_t = llvm_usize.fn_type(
         &[
-            llvm_pi32.into(),
+            llvm_pi64.into(),
             llvm_usize.into(),
         ],
         false,
@@ -624,30 +580,12 @@ pub fn call_ndarray_calc_size<'ctx, 'a>(
             ctx.module.add_function(ndarray_calc_size_fn_name, ndarray_calc_size_fn_t, None)
         });
 
-    let (
-        shape_data,
-        shape_len,
-    ) = unsafe {
-        (
-            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
-                shape,
-                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
-                ""
-            ),
-            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
-                shape,
-                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
-                ""
-            ),
-        )
-    };
-
     ctx.builder
         .build_call(
             ndarray_calc_size_fn,
             &[
-                ctx.builder.build_load(shape_data, "").into(),
+                dims.into(),
-                ctx.builder.build_load(shape_len, "").into(),
+                num_dims.into(),
             ],
             "",
         )
@@ -722,3 +660,67 @@ pub fn call_ndarray_init_dims<'ctx, 'a>(
         "",
     );
 }
+
+pub fn call_ndarray_calc_nd_indices<'ctx, 'a>(
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    index: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    ndarray: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    assert_is_ndarray(ndarray);
+
+    let llvm_void = ctx.ctx.void_type();
+    let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
+    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
+
+    let llvm_pusize = llvm_usize.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
+
+    let ndarray_calc_nd_indices_dn_name = match generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx).get_bit_width() {
+        32 => "__nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices",
+        64 => "__nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices64",
+        bw => unreachable!("Unsupported size type bit width: {}", bw)
+    };
+    let ndarray_calc_nd_indices_fn = ctx.module.get_function(ndarray_calc_nd_indices_dn_name).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_void.fn_type(
+            &[
+                llvm_usize.into(),
+                llvm_pusize.into(),
+                llvm_usize.into(),
+                llvm_pusize.into(),
+            ],
+            false,
+        );
+
+        ctx.module.add_function(ndarray_calc_nd_indices_dn_name, fn_type, None)
+    });
+
+    let ndarray_num_dims = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
+        ndarray,
+        &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
+        None,
+    ).into_int_value();
+    let ndarray_dims = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
+        ndarray,
+        &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
+        None,
+    ).into_pointer_value();
+
+    let indices = ctx.builder.build_array_alloca(
+        llvm_usize,
+        ndarray_num_dims,
+        "",
+    );
+
+    ctx.builder.build_call(
+        ndarray_calc_nd_indices_fn,
+        &[
+            index.into(),
+            ndarray_dims.into(),
+            ndarray_num_dims.into(),
+            indices.into(),
+        ],
+        "",
+    );
+
+    Ok(indices)
+}

nac3core/src/codegen/mod.rs

@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ use std::sync::{
 };
 use std::thread;
 
+#[cfg(debug_assertions)]
+use inkwell::types::AnyTypeEnum;
+
 pub mod concrete_type;
 pub mod expr;
 mod generator;
@@ -236,7 +239,7 @@ pub struct WorkerRegistry {
     static_value_store: Arc<Mutex<StaticValueStore>>,
 
     /// LLVM-related options for code generation.
-    llvm_options: CodeGenLLVMOptions,
+    pub llvm_options: CodeGenLLVMOptions,
 }
 
 impl WorkerRegistry {
@@ -995,3 +998,43 @@ fn gen_in_range_check<'ctx>(
 
     ctx.builder.build_int_compare(IntPredicate::SLT, lo, hi, "cmp")
 }
+
+/// Checks whether the pointer `value` refers to a `list` in LLVM.
+fn assert_is_list(value: PointerValue) -> PointerValue {
+    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
+    {
+        let llvm_shape_ty = value.get_type().get_element_type();
+        let AnyTypeEnum::StructType(llvm_shape_ty) = llvm_shape_ty else {
+            panic!("Expected struct type for `list` type, but got {llvm_shape_ty}")
+        };
+        assert_eq!(llvm_shape_ty.count_fields(), 2);
+        assert!(matches!(llvm_shape_ty.get_field_type_at_index(0), Some(BasicTypeEnum::PointerType(..))));
+        assert!(matches!(llvm_shape_ty.get_field_type_at_index(1), Some(BasicTypeEnum::IntType(..))));
+    }
+
+    value
+}
+
+/// Checks whether the pointer `value` refers to an `NDArray` in LLVM.
+fn assert_is_ndarray(value: PointerValue) -> PointerValue {
+    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
+    {
+        let llvm_ndarray_ty = value.get_type().get_element_type();
+        let AnyTypeEnum::StructType(llvm_ndarray_ty) = llvm_ndarray_ty else {
+            panic!("Expected struct type for `NDArray` type, but got {llvm_ndarray_ty}")
+        };
+
+        assert_eq!(llvm_ndarray_ty.count_fields(), 3);
+        assert!(matches!(llvm_ndarray_ty.get_field_type_at_index(0), Some(BasicTypeEnum::IntType(..))));
+        let Some(ndarray_dims) = llvm_ndarray_ty.get_field_type_at_index(1) else {
+            unreachable!()
+        };
+        let BasicTypeEnum::PointerType(dims) = ndarray_dims else {
+            panic!("Expected pointer type for `list.1`, but got {ndarray_dims}")
+        };
+        assert!(matches!(dims.get_element_type(), AnyTypeEnum::IntType(..)));
+        assert!(matches!(llvm_ndarray_ty.get_field_type_at_index(2), Some(BasicTypeEnum::PointerType(..))));
+    }
+
+    value
+}

nac3core/src/codegen/stmt.rs

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use crate::{
 use inkwell::{
     attributes::{Attribute, AttributeLoc},
     basic_block::BasicBlock,
-    types::BasicTypeEnum,
+    types::{BasicType, BasicTypeEnum},
     values::{BasicValue, BasicValueEnum, FunctionValue, IntValue, PointerValue},
     IntPredicate,
 };
@@ -54,6 +54,37 @@ pub fn gen_var<'ctx>(
     Ok(ptr)
 }
 
+/// See [CodeGenerator::gen_array_var_alloc].
+pub fn gen_array_var<'ctx, 'a, T: BasicType<'ctx>>(
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    ty: T,
+    size: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    // Restore debug location
+    let di_loc = ctx.debug_info.0.create_debug_location(
+        ctx.ctx,
+        ctx.current_loc.row as u32,
+        ctx.current_loc.column as u32,
+        ctx.debug_info.2,
+        None,
+    );
+
+    // put the alloca in init block
+    let current = ctx.builder.get_insert_block().unwrap();
+
+    // position before the last branching instruction...
+    ctx.builder.position_before(&ctx.init_bb.get_last_instruction().unwrap());
+    ctx.builder.set_current_debug_location(di_loc);
+
+    let ptr = ctx.builder.build_array_alloca(ty, size, name.unwrap_or(""));
+
+    ctx.builder.position_at_end(current);
+    ctx.builder.set_current_debug_location(di_loc);
+
+    Ok(ptr)
+}
+
 /// See [`CodeGenerator::gen_store_target`].
 pub fn gen_store_target<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator>(
     generator: &mut G,

nac3core/src/toplevel/builtins.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,13 @@ use crate::{
         stmt::exn_constructor,
     },
     symbol_resolver::SymbolValue,
-    toplevel::numpy::gen_ndarray_empty,
+    toplevel::numpy::{
+        gen_ndarray_empty,
+        gen_ndarray_eye,
+        gen_ndarray_full,
+        gen_ndarray_ones,
+        gen_ndarray_zeros,
+    },
 };
 use inkwell::{
     attributes::{Attribute, AttributeLoc},
@@ -22,6 +28,7 @@ use inkwell::{
     FloatPredicate,
     IntPredicate
 };
+use crate::toplevel::numpy::gen_ndarray_identity;
 
 type BuiltinInfo = Vec<(Arc<RwLock<TopLevelDef>>, Option<Stmt>)>;
 
@@ -279,10 +286,30 @@ pub fn get_builtins(primitives: &mut (PrimitiveStore, Unifier)) -> BuiltinInfo {
     let boolean = primitives.0.bool;
     let range = primitives.0.range;
     let string = primitives.0.str;
+    let ndarray = {
+        let ndarray_ty = TypeEnum::ndarray(&mut primitives.1, None, None, &primitives.0);
+        primitives.1.add_ty(ndarray_ty)
+    };
     let ndarray_float = {
         let ndarray_ty_enum = TypeEnum::ndarray(&mut primitives.1, Some(float), None, &primitives.0);
         primitives.1.add_ty(ndarray_ty_enum)
     };
+    let ndarray_float_2d = {
+        let value = match primitives.0.size_t {
+            64 => SymbolValue::U64(2u64),
+            32 => SymbolValue::U32(2u32),
+            _ => unreachable!(),
+        };
+        let ndims = primitives.1.add_ty(TypeEnum::TLiteral {
+            values: vec![value],
+            loc: None,
+        });
+
+        primitives.1.add_ty(TypeEnum::TNDArray {
+            ty: float,
+            ndims,
+        })
+    };
     let list_int32 = primitives.1.add_ty(TypeEnum::TList { ty: int32 });
     let num_ty = primitives.1.get_fresh_var_with_range(
         &[int32, int64, float, boolean, uint32, uint64],
@@ -869,6 +896,89 @@ pub fn get_builtins(primitives: &mut (PrimitiveStore, Unifier)) -> BuiltinInfo {
                     .map(|val| Some(val.as_basic_value_enum()))
             }),
         ),
+        create_fn_by_codegen(
+            primitives,
+            &var_map,
+            "np_zeros",
+            ndarray_float,
+            // We are using List[int32] here, as I don't know a way to specify an n-tuple bound on a
+            // type variable
+            &[(list_int32, "shape")],
+            Box::new(|ctx, obj, fun, args, generator| {
+                gen_ndarray_zeros(ctx, obj, fun, args, generator)
+                    .map(|val| Some(val.as_basic_value_enum()))
+            }),
+        ),
+        create_fn_by_codegen(
+            primitives,
+            &var_map,
+            "np_ones",
+            ndarray_float,
+            // We are using List[int32] here, as I don't know a way to specify an n-tuple bound on a
+            // type variable
+            &[(list_int32, "shape")],
+            Box::new(|ctx, obj, fun, args, generator| {
+                gen_ndarray_ones(ctx, obj, fun, args, generator)
+                    .map(|val| Some(val.as_basic_value_enum()))
+            }),
+        ),
+        {
+            let tv = primitives.1.get_fresh_var(Some("T".into()), None).0;
+
+            create_fn_by_codegen(
+                primitives,
+                &var_map,
+                "np_full",
+                ndarray,
+                // We are using List[int32] here, as I don't know a way to specify an n-tuple bound on a
+                // type variable
+                &[(list_int32, "shape"), (tv, "fill_value")],
+                Box::new(|ctx, obj, fun, args, generator| {
+                    gen_ndarray_full(ctx, obj, fun, args, generator)
+                        .map(|val| Some(val.as_basic_value_enum()))
+                }),
+            )
+        },
+        Arc::new(RwLock::new(TopLevelDef::Function {
+            name: "np_eye".into(),
+            simple_name: "np_eye".into(),
+            signature: primitives.1.add_ty(TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature {
+                args: vec![
+                    FuncArg { name: "N".into(), ty: int32, default_value: None },
+                    // TODO(Derppening): Default values current do not work?
+                    FuncArg {
+                        name: "M".into(),
+                        ty: int32,
+                        default_value: Some(SymbolValue::OptionNone)
+                    },
+                    FuncArg { name: "k".into(), ty: int32, default_value: Some(SymbolValue::I32(0)) },
+                ],
+                ret: ndarray_float_2d,
+                vars: var_map.clone(),
+            })),
+            var_id: Default::default(),
+            instance_to_symbol: Default::default(),
+            instance_to_stmt: Default::default(),
+            resolver: None,
+            codegen_callback: Some(Arc::new(GenCall::new(Box::new(
+                |ctx, obj, fun, args, generator| {
+                    gen_ndarray_eye(ctx, obj, fun, args, generator)
+                        .map(|val| Some(val.as_basic_value_enum()))
+                },
+            )))),
+            loc: None,
+        })),
+        create_fn_by_codegen(
+            primitives,
+            &var_map,
+            "np_identity",
+            ndarray_float_2d,
+            &[(int32, "n")],
+            Box::new(|ctx, obj, fun, args, generator| {
+                gen_ndarray_identity(ctx, obj, fun, args, generator)
+                    .map(|val| Some(val.as_basic_value_enum()))
+            }),
+        ),
         create_fn_by_codegen(
             primitives,
             &var_map,
@@ -1364,7 +1474,22 @@ pub fn get_builtins(primitives: &mut (PrimitiveStore, Unifier)) -> BuiltinInfo {
                                         Some(ctx.builder.build_int_truncate(len, int32, "len2i32").into())
                                     }
                                 }
-                                TypeEnum::TNDArray { .. } => todo!(),
+                                TypeEnum::TNDArray { .. } => {
+                                    let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
+                                    let i32_zero = llvm_i32.const_zero();
+
+                                    let len = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
+                                        arg.into_pointer_value(),
+                                        &[i32_zero, i32_zero],
+                                        None,
+                                    ).into_int_value();
+
+                                    if len.get_type().get_bit_width() != 32 {
+                                        Some(ctx.builder.build_int_truncate(len, llvm_i32, "len").into())
+                                    } else {
+                                        Some(len.into())
+                                    }
+                                }
                                 _ => unreachable!(),
                             }
                         })

nac3core/src/toplevel/numpy.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,15 @@
-use inkwell::{
+use inkwell::{AddressSpace, IntPredicate, types::BasicType, values::{BasicValueEnum, PointerValue}};
-    IntPredicate,
+use inkwell::values::{ArrayValue, IntValue};
-    types::BasicType,
-    values::PointerValue,
-};
 use nac3parser::ast::StrRef;
 use crate::{
     codegen::{
         CodeGenContext,
         CodeGenerator,
-        irrt::{call_ndarray_calc_size, call_ndarray_init_dims},
+        irrt::{
+            call_ndarray_calc_nd_indices,
+            call_ndarray_calc_size,
+            call_ndarray_init_dims,
+        },
         stmt::gen_for_callback
     },
     symbol_resolver::ValueEnum,
@@ -16,16 +17,201 @@ use crate::{
     typecheck::typedef::{FunSignature, Type, TypeEnum},
 };
 
-/// LLVM-typed implementation for generating the implementation for constructing an `NDArray`.
+/// Creates an `NDArray` instance from a constant shape.
 ///
-/// * `elem_ty` - The element type of the NDArray.
+/// * `elem_ty` - The element type of the `NDArray`.
-/// * `var_name` - The variable name of the NDArray.
+/// * `shape` - The shape of the `NDArray`, represented as an LLVM [ArrayValue].
-/// * `shape` - The `shape` parameter used to construct the NDArray.
+fn create_ndarray_const_shape<'ctx, 'a>(
-fn call_ndarray_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    elem_ty: Type,
+    shape: ArrayValue<'ctx>
+) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    let ndarray_ty_enum = TypeEnum::ndarray(&mut ctx.unifier, Some(elem_ty), None, &ctx.primitives);
+    let ndarray_ty = ctx.unifier.add_ty(ndarray_ty_enum);
+
+    let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
+    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
+
+    let llvm_pndarray_t = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, ndarray_ty).into_pointer_type();
+    let llvm_ndarray_t = llvm_pndarray_t.get_element_type().into_struct_type();
+    let llvm_ndarray_data_t = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty).as_basic_type_enum();
+    assert!(llvm_ndarray_data_t.is_sized());
+
+    for i in 0..shape.get_type().len() {
+        let shape_dim = ctx.builder.build_extract_value(
+            shape,
+            i,
+            "",
+        ).unwrap();
+
+        let shape_dim_gez = ctx.builder.build_int_compare(
+            IntPredicate::SGE,
+            shape_dim.into_int_value(),
+            llvm_usize.const_zero(),
+            ""
+        );
+
+        ctx.make_assert(
+            generator,
+            shape_dim_gez,
+            "0:ValueError",
+            "negative dimensions not supported",
+            [None, None, None],
+            ctx.current_loc,
+        );
+    }
+
+    let ndarray = generator.gen_var_alloc(
+        ctx,
+        llvm_ndarray_t.into(),
+        None,
+    )?;
+
+    let num_dims = llvm_usize.const_int(shape.get_type().len() as u64, false);
+
+    let ndarray_num_dims = unsafe {
+        ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+            ndarray,
+            &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
+            "",
+        )
+    };
+    ctx.builder.build_store(ndarray_num_dims, num_dims);
+
+    let ndarray_dims = unsafe {
+        ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+            ndarray,
+            &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
+            "",
+        )
+    };
+
+    let ndarray_num_dims = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
+        ndarray,
+        &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
+        None,
+    ).into_int_value();
+
+    ctx.builder.build_store(
+        ndarray_dims,
+        ctx.builder.build_array_alloca(
+            llvm_usize,
+            ndarray_num_dims,
+            "",
+        ),
+    );
+
+    for i in 0..shape.get_type().len() {
+        let ndarray_dim = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
+            ndarray,
+            &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
+            None,
+        ).into_pointer_value();
+        let ndarray_dim = unsafe {
+            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+                ndarray_dim,
+                &[llvm_i32.const_int(i as u64, true)],
+                "",
+            )
+        };
+        let shape_dim = ctx.builder.build_extract_value(shape, i, "")
+            .map(|val| val.into_int_value())
+            .unwrap();
+
+        ctx.builder.build_store(ndarray_dim, shape_dim);
+    }
+
+    let (ndarray_num_dims, ndarray_dims) = unsafe {
+        (
+            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+                ndarray,
+                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
+                ""
+            ),
+            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+                ndarray,
+                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
+                ""
+            ),
+        )
+    };
+    let ndarray_num_elems = call_ndarray_calc_size(
+        generator,
+        ctx,
+        ctx.builder.build_load(ndarray_num_dims, "").into_int_value(),
+        ctx.builder.build_load(ndarray_dims, "").into_pointer_value(),
+    );
+
+    let ndarray_data = unsafe {
+        ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+            ndarray,
+            &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(2, true)],
+            "",
+        )
+    };
+    ctx.builder.build_store(
+        ndarray_data,
+        ctx.builder.build_array_alloca(
+            llvm_ndarray_data_t,
+            ndarray_num_elems,
+            ""
+        ),
+    );
+
+    Ok(ndarray)
+}
+
+fn ndarray_zero_value<'ctx, 'a>(
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    elem_ty: Type,
+) -> BasicValueEnum<'ctx> {
+    if [ctx.primitives.int32, ctx.primitives.uint32].iter().any(|ty| ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, *ty)) {
+        ctx.ctx.i32_type().const_zero().into()
+    } else if [ctx.primitives.int64, ctx.primitives.uint64].iter().any(|ty| ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, *ty)) {
+        ctx.ctx.i64_type().const_zero().into()
+    } else if ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, ctx.primitives.float) {
+        ctx.ctx.f64_type().const_zero().into()
+    } else if ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, ctx.primitives.bool) {
+        ctx.ctx.bool_type().const_zero().into()
+    } else if ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, ctx.primitives.str) {
+        ctx.gen_string(generator, "").into()
+    } else {
+        unreachable!()
+    }
+}
+
+fn ndarray_one_value<'ctx, 'a>(
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    elem_ty: Type,
+) -> BasicValueEnum<'ctx> {
+    if [ctx.primitives.int32, ctx.primitives.uint32].iter().any(|ty| ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, *ty)) {
+        let is_signed = ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, ctx.primitives.int32);
+        ctx.ctx.i32_type().const_int(1, is_signed).into()
+    } else if [ctx.primitives.int64, ctx.primitives.uint64].iter().any(|ty| ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, *ty)) {
+        let is_signed = ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, ctx.primitives.int64);
+        ctx.ctx.i64_type().const_int(1, is_signed).into()
+    } else if ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, ctx.primitives.float) {
+        ctx.ctx.f64_type().const_float(1.0).into()
+    } else if ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, ctx.primitives.bool) {
+        ctx.ctx.bool_type().const_int(1, false).into()
+    } else if ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, ctx.primitives.str) {
+        ctx.gen_string(generator, "1").into()
+    } else {
+        unreachable!()
+    }
+}
+
+/// LLVM-typed implementation for generating the implementation for constructing an `NDArray`.
+///
+/// * `elem_ty` - The element type of the NDArray.
+/// * `shape` - The `shape` parameter used to construct the NDArray.
+fn call_ndarray_empty_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
     generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
     elem_ty: Type,
-    var_name: Option<&str>,
     shape: PointerValue<'ctx>,
 ) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
     let ndarray_ty_enum = TypeEnum::ndarray(&mut ctx.unifier, Some(elem_ty), None, &ctx.primitives);
@@ -43,8 +229,8 @@ fn call_ndarray_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
     gen_for_callback(
         generator,
         ctx,
-        |_, ctx| {
+        |generator, ctx| {
-            let i = ctx.builder.build_alloca(llvm_usize, "");
+            let i = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, llvm_usize.into(), None)?;
             ctx.builder.build_store(i, llvm_usize.const_zero());
 
             Ok(i)
@@ -106,10 +292,11 @@ fn call_ndarray_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
         },
     )?;
 
-    let ndarray = ctx.builder.build_alloca(
+    let ndarray = generator.gen_var_alloc(
-        llvm_ndarray_t,
+        ctx,
-        var_name.unwrap_or_default()
+        llvm_ndarray_t.into(),
-    );
+        None,
+    )?;
 
     let num_dims = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
         shape,
@@ -151,7 +338,26 @@ fn call_ndarray_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
 
     call_ndarray_init_dims(generator, ctx, ndarray, shape);
 
-    let ndarray_num_elems = call_ndarray_calc_size(generator, ctx, shape);
+    let (ndarray_num_dims, ndarray_dims) = unsafe {
+        (
+            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+                ndarray,
+                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
+                ""
+            ),
+            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+                ndarray,
+                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
+                ""
+            ),
+        )
+    };
+    let ndarray_num_elems = call_ndarray_calc_size(
+        generator,
+        ctx,
+        ctx.builder.build_load(ndarray_num_dims, "").into_int_value(),
+        ctx.builder.build_load(ndarray_dims, "").into_pointer_value(),
+    );
 
     let ndarray_data = unsafe {
         ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
@@ -172,6 +378,342 @@ fn call_ndarray_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
     Ok(ndarray)
 }
 
+/// Generates LLVM IR for populating the entire `NDArray` using a lambda with its flattened index as
+/// its input.
+///
+/// Note that this differs from `ndarray.fill`, which instead replaces all first-dimension elements
+/// with the given value (as opposed to all elements within the array).
+fn ndarray_fill_flattened<'ctx, 'a, ValueFn>(
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    ndarray: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+    value_fn: ValueFn,
+) -> Result<(), String>
+    where
+        ValueFn: Fn(&mut dyn CodeGenerator, &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>, IntValue<'ctx>) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String>,
+{
+    let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
+    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
+
+    let (num_dims, dims) = unsafe {
+        (
+            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+                ndarray,
+                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
+                ""
+            ),
+            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+                ndarray,
+                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
+                ""
+            ),
+        )
+    };
+
+    let ndarray_num_elems = call_ndarray_calc_size(
+        generator,
+        ctx,
+        ctx.builder.build_load(num_dims, "").into_int_value(),
+        ctx.builder.build_load(dims, "").into_pointer_value(),
+    );
+
+    gen_for_callback(
+        generator,
+        ctx,
+        |generator, ctx| {
+            let i = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, llvm_usize.into(), None)?;
+            ctx.builder.build_store(i, llvm_usize.const_zero());
+
+            Ok(i)
+        },
+        |_, ctx, i_addr| {
+            let i = ctx.builder
+                .build_load(i_addr, "")
+                .into_int_value();
+
+            Ok(ctx.builder.build_int_compare(IntPredicate::ULT, i, ndarray_num_elems, ""))
+        },
+        |generator, ctx, i_addr| {
+            let ndarray_data = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
+                ndarray,
+                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(2, true)],
+                None
+            ).into_pointer_value();
+
+            let i = ctx.builder
+                .build_load(i_addr, "")
+                .into_int_value();
+            let elem = unsafe {
+                ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+                    ndarray_data,
+                    &[i],
+                    ""
+                )
+            };
+
+            let value = value_fn(generator, ctx, i)?;
+            ctx.builder.build_store(elem, value);
+
+            Ok(())
+        },
+        |_, ctx, i_addr| {
+            let i = ctx.builder
+                .build_load(i_addr, "")
+                .into_int_value();
+            let i = ctx.builder.build_int_add(i, llvm_usize.const_int(1, true), "");
+            ctx.builder.build_store(i_addr, i);
+
+            Ok(())
+        },
+    )
+}
+
+/// Generates LLVM IR for populating the entire `NDArray` using a lambda with the dimension-indices
+/// as its input
+///
+/// Note that this differs from `ndarray.fill`, which instead replaces all first-dimension elements
+/// with the given value (as opposed to all elements within the array).
+fn ndarray_fill_indexed<'ctx, 'a, ValueFn>(
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    ndarray: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+    value_fn: ValueFn,
+) -> Result<(), String>
+    where
+        ValueFn: Fn(&mut dyn CodeGenerator, &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>, PointerValue<'ctx>) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String>,
+{
+    ndarray_fill_flattened(
+        generator,
+        ctx,
+        ndarray,
+        |generator, ctx, idx| {
+            let indices = call_ndarray_calc_nd_indices(
+                generator,
+                ctx,
+                idx,
+                ndarray,
+            )?;
+
+            value_fn(generator, ctx, indices)
+        }
+    )
+}
+
+/// LLVM-typed implementation for generating the implementation for `ndarray.zeros`.
+///
+/// * `elem_ty` - The element type of the NDArray.
+/// * `shape` - The `shape` parameter used to construct the NDArray.
+fn call_ndarray_zeros_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    elem_ty: Type,
+    shape: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    let supported_types = [
+        ctx.primitives.int32,
+        ctx.primitives.int64,
+        ctx.primitives.uint32,
+        ctx.primitives.uint64,
+        ctx.primitives.float,
+        ctx.primitives.bool,
+        ctx.primitives.str,
+    ];
+    assert!(supported_types.iter().any(|supported_ty| ctx.unifier.unioned(*supported_ty, elem_ty)));
+
+    let ndarray = call_ndarray_empty_impl(generator, ctx, elem_ty, shape)?;
+    ndarray_fill_flattened(
+        generator,
+        ctx,
+        ndarray,
+        |generator, ctx, _| {
+            let value = ndarray_zero_value(generator, ctx, elem_ty);
+
+            Ok(value)
+        }
+    )?;
+
+    Ok(ndarray)
+}
+
+/// LLVM-typed implementation for generating the implementation for `ndarray.ones`.
+///
+/// * `elem_ty` - The element type of the NDArray.
+/// * `shape` - The `shape` parameter used to construct the NDArray.
+fn call_ndarray_ones_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    elem_ty: Type,
+    shape: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    let supported_types = [
+        ctx.primitives.int32,
+        ctx.primitives.int64,
+        ctx.primitives.uint32,
+        ctx.primitives.uint64,
+        ctx.primitives.float,
+        ctx.primitives.bool,
+        ctx.primitives.str,
+    ];
+    assert!(supported_types.iter().any(|supported_ty| ctx.unifier.unioned(*supported_ty, elem_ty)));
+
+    let ndarray = call_ndarray_empty_impl(generator, ctx, elem_ty, shape)?;
+    ndarray_fill_flattened(
+        generator,
+        ctx,
+        ndarray,
+        |generator, ctx, _| {
+            let value = ndarray_one_value(generator, ctx, elem_ty);
+
+            Ok(value)
+        }
+    )?;
+
+    Ok(ndarray)
+}
+
+/// LLVM-typed implementation for generating the implementation for `ndarray.ones`.
+///
+/// * `elem_ty` - The element type of the NDArray.
+/// * `shape` - The `shape` parameter used to construct the NDArray.
+fn call_ndarray_full_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    elem_ty: Type,
+    shape: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+    fill_value: BasicValueEnum<'ctx>,
+) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    let ndarray = call_ndarray_empty_impl(generator, ctx, elem_ty, shape)?;
+    ndarray_fill_flattened(
+        generator,
+        ctx,
+        ndarray,
+        |generator, ctx, _| {
+            let value = if fill_value.is_pointer_value() {
+                let llvm_void = ctx.ctx.void_type();
+                let llvm_i1 = ctx.ctx.bool_type();
+                let llvm_i8 = ctx.ctx.i8_type();
+                let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
+                let llvm_pi8 = llvm_i8.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
+
+                let copy = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, fill_value.get_type(), None)?;
+
+                let memcpy_fn_name = format!(
+                    "llvm.memcpy.p0i8.p0i8.i{}",
+                    generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx).get_bit_width(),
+                );
+                let memcpy_fn = ctx.module.get_function(memcpy_fn_name.as_str()).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                    let fn_type = llvm_void.fn_type(
+                        &[
+                            llvm_pi8.into(),
+                            llvm_pi8.into(),
+                            llvm_usize.into(),
+                            llvm_i1.into(),
+                        ],
+                        false,
+                    );
+
+                    ctx.module.add_function(memcpy_fn_name.as_str(), fn_type, None)
+                });
+
+                ctx.builder.build_call(
+                    memcpy_fn,
+                    &[
+                        copy.into(),
+                        fill_value.into(),
+                        fill_value.get_type().size_of().unwrap().into(),
+                        llvm_i1.const_zero().into(),
+                    ],
+                    "",
+                );
+
+                copy.into()
+            } else if fill_value.is_int_value() || fill_value.is_float_value() {
+                fill_value.into()
+            } else {
+                unreachable!()
+            };
+
+            Ok(value)
+        }
+    )?;
+
+    Ok(ndarray)
+}
+
+/// LLVM-typed implementation for generating the implementation for `ndarray.eye`.
+///
+/// * `elem_ty` - The element type of the NDArray.
+fn call_ndarray_eye_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    elem_ty: Type,
+    nrows: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    ncols: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    offset: IntValue<'ctx>,
+) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
+    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
+    let llvm_usize_2 = llvm_usize.array_type(2);
+
+    let shape_addr = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, llvm_usize_2.into(), None)?;
+
+    let shape = ctx.builder.build_load(shape_addr, "")
+        .into_array_value();
+
+    let nrows = ctx.builder.build_int_z_extend_or_bit_cast(nrows, llvm_usize, "");
+    let shape = ctx.builder
+        .build_insert_value(shape, nrows, 0, "")
+        .map(|val| val.into_array_value())
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let ncols = ctx.builder.build_int_z_extend_or_bit_cast(ncols, llvm_usize, "");
+    let shape = ctx.builder
+        .build_insert_value(shape, ncols, 1, "")
+        .map(|val| val.into_array_value())
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let ndarray = create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, shape)?;
+
+    ndarray_fill_indexed(
+        generator,
+        ctx,
+        ndarray,
+        |generator, ctx, indices| {
+            let row = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
+                indices,
+                &[llvm_i32.const_zero()],
+                None,
+            ).into_int_value();
+            let col = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
+                indices,
+                &[llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
+                None,
+            ).into_int_value();
+
+            let col_with_offset = ctx.builder.build_int_add(
+                col,
+                ctx.builder.build_int_z_extend_or_bit_cast(offset, llvm_usize, ""),
+                ""
+            );
+            let is_on_diag = ctx.builder.build_int_compare(
+                IntPredicate::EQ,
+                row,
+                col_with_offset,
+                ""
+            );
+
+            let zero = ndarray_zero_value(generator, ctx, elem_ty);
+            let one = ndarray_one_value(generator, ctx, elem_ty);
+
+            let value = ctx.builder.build_select(is_on_diag, one, zero, "");
+
+            Ok(value)
+        },
+    )?;
+
+    Ok(ndarray)
+}
+
 /// Generates LLVM IR for `ndarray.empty`.
 pub fn gen_ndarray_empty<'ctx, 'a>(
     context: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
@@ -184,15 +726,158 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_empty<'ctx, 'a>(
     assert_eq!(args.len(), 1);
 
     let shape_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
-    let shape_arg_name = args[0].0;
     let shape_arg = args[0].1.clone()
         .to_basic_value_enum(context, generator, shape_ty)?;
 
-    call_ndarray_impl(
+    call_ndarray_empty_impl(
         generator,
         context,
         context.primitives.float,
-        shape_arg_name.map(|name| name.to_string()).as_deref(),
         shape_arg.into_pointer_value(),
     )
 }
+
+/// Generates LLVM IR for `ndarray.zeros`.
+pub fn gen_ndarray_zeros<'ctx, 'a>(
+    context: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    obj: Option<(Type, ValueEnum<'ctx>)>,
+    fun: (&FunSignature, DefinitionId),
+    args: Vec<(Option<StrRef>, ValueEnum<'ctx>)>,
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    assert!(obj.is_none());
+    assert_eq!(args.len(), 1);
+
+    let shape_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
+    let shape_arg = args[0].1.clone()
+        .to_basic_value_enum(context, generator, shape_ty)?;
+
+    call_ndarray_zeros_impl(
+        generator,
+        context,
+        context.primitives.float,
+        shape_arg.into_pointer_value(),
+    )
+}
+
+/// Generates LLVM IR for `ndarray.ones`.
+pub fn gen_ndarray_ones<'ctx, 'a>(
+    context: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    obj: Option<(Type, ValueEnum<'ctx>)>,
+    fun: (&FunSignature, DefinitionId),
+    args: Vec<(Option<StrRef>, ValueEnum<'ctx>)>,
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    assert!(obj.is_none());
+    assert_eq!(args.len(), 1);
+
+    let shape_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
+    let shape_arg = args[0].1.clone()
+        .to_basic_value_enum(context, generator, shape_ty)?;
+
+    call_ndarray_ones_impl(
+        generator,
+        context,
+        context.primitives.float,
+        shape_arg.into_pointer_value(),
+    )
+}
+
+/// Generates LLVM IR for `ndarray.full`.
+pub fn gen_ndarray_full<'ctx, 'a>(
+    context: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    obj: Option<(Type, ValueEnum<'ctx>)>,
+    fun: (&FunSignature, DefinitionId),
+    args: Vec<(Option<StrRef>, ValueEnum<'ctx>)>,
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    assert!(obj.is_none());
+    assert_eq!(args.len(), 2);
+
+    let shape_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
+    let shape_arg = args[0].1.clone()
+        .to_basic_value_enum(context, generator, shape_ty)?;
+    let fill_value_ty = fun.0.args[1].ty;
+    let fill_value_arg = args[1].1.clone()
+        .to_basic_value_enum(context, generator, fill_value_ty)?;
+
+    call_ndarray_full_impl(
+        generator,
+        context,
+        fill_value_ty,
+        shape_arg.into_pointer_value(),
+        fill_value_arg,
+    )
+}
+
+/// Generates LLVM IR for `ndarray.eye`.
+pub fn gen_ndarray_eye<'ctx, 'a>(
+    context: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    obj: Option<(Type, ValueEnum<'ctx>)>,
+    fun: (&FunSignature, DefinitionId),
+    args: Vec<(Option<StrRef>, ValueEnum<'ctx>)>,
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    assert!(obj.is_none());
+    assert!(matches!(args.len(), 1..=3));
+
+    let nrows_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
+    let nrows_arg = args[0].1.clone()
+        .to_basic_value_enum(context, generator, nrows_ty)?;
+
+    let ncols_ty = fun.0.args[1].ty;
+    let ncols_arg = args.iter()
+        .find(|arg| arg.0.map(|name| name == fun.0.args[1].name).unwrap_or(false))
+        .map(|arg| arg.1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(context, generator, ncols_ty))
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| {
+            args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(context, generator, nrows_ty)
+        })?;
+
+    let offset_ty = fun.0.args[2].ty;
+    let offset_arg = args.iter()
+        .find(|arg| arg.0.map(|name| name == fun.0.args[2].name).unwrap_or(false))
+        .map(|arg| arg.1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(context, generator, offset_ty))
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| {
+            Ok(context.gen_symbol_val(
+                generator,
+                fun.0.args[2].default_value.as_ref().unwrap(),
+                offset_ty
+            ))
+        })?;
+
+    call_ndarray_eye_impl(
+        generator,
+        context,
+        context.primitives.float,
+        nrows_arg.into_int_value(),
+        ncols_arg.into_int_value(),
+        offset_arg.into_int_value(),
+    )
+}
+
+/// Generates LLVM IR for `ndarray.identity`.
+pub fn gen_ndarray_identity<'ctx, 'a>(
+    context: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
+    obj: Option<(Type, ValueEnum<'ctx>)>,
+    fun: (&FunSignature, DefinitionId),
+    args: Vec<(Option<StrRef>, ValueEnum<'ctx>)>,
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    assert!(obj.is_none());
+    assert_eq!(args.len(), 1);
+
+    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(context.ctx);
+
+    let n_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
+    let n_arg = args[0].1.clone()
+        .to_basic_value_enum(context, generator, n_ty)?;
+
+    call_ndarray_eye_impl(
+        generator,
+        context,
+        context.primitives.float,
+        n_arg.into_int_value(),
+        n_arg.into_int_value(),
+        llvm_usize.const_zero(),
+    )
+}

nac3core/src/typecheck/type_inferencer/mod.rs

@@ -898,9 +898,14 @@ impl<'a> Inferencer<'a> {
         if [
             "np_ndarray".into(),
             "np_empty".into(),
+            "np_zeros".into(),
+            "np_ones".into(),
         ].contains(id) && args.len() == 1 {
             let ExprKind::List { elts, .. } = &args[0].node else {
-                return report_error("Expected List literal for first argument of np_ndarray", args[0].location)
+                return report_error(
+                    format!("Expected List literal for first argument of {id}, got {}", args[0].node.name()).as_str(),
+                    args[0].location
+                )
             };
 
             let ndims = elts.len() as u64;
@@ -941,6 +946,62 @@ impl<'a> Inferencer<'a> {
             }))
         }
 
+        // 2-argument ndarray n-dimensional creation functions
+        if id == &"np_full".into() && args.len() == 2 {
+            let ExprKind::List { elts, .. } = &args[0].node else {
+                return report_error(
+                    format!("Expected List literal for first argument of {id}, got {}", args[0].node.name()).as_str(),
+                    args[0].location
+                )
+            };
+
+            let ndims = elts.len() as u64;
+
+            let arg0 = self.fold_expr(args.remove(0))?;
+            let arg1 = self.fold_expr(args.remove(0))?;
+
+            let ty = arg1.custom.unwrap();
+            let ndims = self.unifier.get_fresh_literal(
+                vec![SymbolValue::U64(ndims)],
+                None,
+            );
+
+            let ret = self.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TNDArray {
+                ty,
+                ndims
+            });
+            let custom = self.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature {
+                args: vec![
+                    FuncArg {
+                        name: "shape".into(),
+                        ty: arg0.custom.unwrap(),
+                        default_value: None,
+                    },
+                    FuncArg {
+                        name: "fill_value".into(),
+                        ty: arg1.custom.unwrap(),
+                        default_value: None,
+                    },
+                ],
+                ret,
+                vars: HashMap::new(),
+            }));
+
+            return Ok(Some(Located {
+                location,
+                custom: Some(ret),
+                node: ExprKind::Call {
+                    func: Box::new(Located {
+                        custom: Some(custom),
+                        location: func.location,
+                        node: ExprKind::Name { id: *id, ctx: ctx.clone() },
+                    }),
+                    args: vec![arg0, arg1],
+                    keywords: vec![],
+                },
+            }))
+        }
+
         Ok(None)
     }
 

nac3standalone/demo/interpret_demo.py

@@ -187,6 +187,11 @@ def patch(module):
     # NumPy NDArray Functions
     module.np_ndarray = np.ndarray
     module.np_empty = np.empty
+    module.np_zeros = np.zeros
+    module.np_ones = np.ones
+    module.np_full = np.full
+    module.np_eye = np.eye
+    module.np_identity = np.identity
 
 def file_import(filename, prefix="file_import_"):
     filename = pathlib.Path(filename)

nac3standalone/demo/src/ndarray.py

@@ -7,6 +7,12 @@ def consume_ndarray_i32_1(n: ndarray[int32, Literal[1]]):
 def consume_ndarray_2(n: ndarray[float, Literal[2]]):
     pass
 
+def consume_ndarray_i32_1(n: ndarray[int32, 1]):
+    pass
+
+def consume_ndarray_2(n: ndarray[float, 2]):
+    pass
+
 def test_ndarray_ctor():
     n = np_ndarray([1])
     consume_ndarray_1(n)
@@ -15,8 +21,35 @@ def test_ndarray_empty():
     n = np_empty([1])
     consume_ndarray_1(n)
 
+def test_ndarray_zeros():
+    n = np_zeros([1])
+    consume_ndarray_1(n)
+
+def test_ndarray_ones():
+    n = np_ones([1])
+    consume_ndarray_1(n)
+
+def test_ndarray_full():
+    n_float = np_full([1], 2.0)
+    consume_ndarray_1(n_float)
+    n_i32 = np_full([1], 2)
+    consume_ndarray_i32_1(n_i32)
+
+def test_ndarray_eye():
+    n = np_eye(2)
+    consume_ndarray_2(n)
+
+def test_ndarray_identity():
+    n = np_identity(2)
+    consume_ndarray_2(n)
+
 def run() -> int32:
     test_ndarray_ctor()
     test_ndarray_empty()
+    test_ndarray_zeros()
+    test_ndarray_ones()
+    test_ndarray_full()
+    test_ndarray_eye()
+    test_ndarray_identity()
 
     return 0