kernel.ld: load elf header and prog headers

ld.lld has a habit of not putting the headers under any load sections.
However, the headers are needed by libunwind to handle exception raised by the kernel.
Creating PT_LOAD section with FILEHDR and PHDRS solves this issue. Other PHDRS are also specified as linkers (not limited to ld.lld) will not create additional unspecified headers even when necessary.

artiq/compiler/kernel.ld

@@ -1,9 +1,53 @@
-SECTIONS {
-  .bss ALIGN(4) :
-  {
-    __bss_start = .;
-    *(.sbss .sbss.* .bss .bss.*);
-    . = ALIGN(4);
-    _end = .;
-  }
+/* Force ld to make the ELF header as loadable. */
+PHDRS
+{
+    headers     PT_LOAD FILEHDR PHDRS ;
+    text        PT_LOAD ;
+    data        PT_LOAD ;
+    dynamic     PT_DYNAMIC ;
+    eh_frame    PT_GNU_EH_FRAME ;
+}
+
+SECTIONS
+{
+    /* Push back .text section enough so that ld.lld not complain */
+    . = SIZEOF_HEADERS;
+
+    .text :
+    {
+        *(.text .text.*)
+    } : text
+
+    .rodata :
+    {
+        *(.rodata .rodata.*)
+    }
+
+    .eh_frame :
+    {
+        KEEP(*(.eh_frame))
+    } : text
+
+    .eh_frame_hdr :
+    {
+        KEEP(*(.eh_frame_hdr))
+    } : text : eh_frame
+
+    .data :
+    {
+        *(.data)
+    } : data
+
+    .dynamic :
+    {
+        *(.dynamic)
+    } : data : dynamic
+
+    .bss (NOLOAD) : ALIGN(4)
+    {
+        __bss_start = .;
+        *(.sbss .sbss.* .bss .bss.*);
+        . = ALIGN(4);
+        _end = .;
+    }
 }