asd

flake.nix

@@ -163,7 +163,10 @@
           clippy
           pre-commit
           rustfmt
+          rust-analyzer
         ];
+        # https://nixos.wiki/wiki/Rust#Shell.nix_example
+        RUST_SRC_PATH = "${pkgs.rust.packages.stable.rustPlatform.rustLibSrc}";
       };
       devShells.x86_64-linux.msys2 = pkgs.mkShell {
         name = "nac3-dev-shell-msys2";

nac3core/irrt/irrt_numpy_ndarray.hpp

@@ -212,11 +212,11 @@ namespace {
             return this->size() * itemsize;
         }
 
-        void set_value_at_pelement(uint8_t* pelement, const uint8_t* pvalue) {
+        void set_pelement_value(uint8_t* pelement, const uint8_t* pvalue) {
             __builtin_memcpy(pelement, pvalue, itemsize);
         }
 
-        uint8_t* get_pelement(const SizeT *indices) {
+        uint8_t* get_pelement_by_indices(const SizeT *indices) {
             uint8_t* element = data;
             for (SizeT dim_i = 0; dim_i < ndims; dim_i++)
                 element += indices[dim_i] * strides[dim_i];
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ namespace {
 
             SizeT* indices = (SizeT*) __builtin_alloca(sizeof(SizeT) * this->ndims);
             ndarray_util::set_indices_by_nth(this->ndims, this->shape, indices, nth);
-            return get_pelement(indices);
+            return get_pelement_by_indices(indices);
         }
 
         // Get pointer to the first element of this ndarray, assuming
@@ -259,8 +259,8 @@ namespace {
             iter.set_indices_zero();
 
             for (SizeT i = 0; i < this->size(); i++, iter.next()) {
-                uint8_t* pelement = get_pelement(iter.indices);
+                uint8_t* pelement = get_pelement_by_indices(iter.indices);
-                set_value_at_pelement(pelement, pvalue);
+                set_pelement_value(pelement, pvalue);
             }
         }
 
@@ -283,8 +283,8 @@ namespace {
 
                 if (!in_bounds(indices)) continue;
 
-                uint8_t* pelement = get_pelement(indices);
+                uint8_t* pelement = get_pelement_by_indices(indices);
-                set_value_at_pelement(pelement, one_pvalue);
+                set_pelement_value(pelement, one_pvalue);
             }
         }
 
@@ -403,6 +403,43 @@ namespace {
                 }
             }
         }
+
+        // Simulates `this_ndarray[:] = src_ndarray`, with automatic broadcasting.
+        // Caution on https://github.com/numpy/numpy/issues/21744
+        // Also see `NDArray::broadcast_to`
+        void assign_with(NDArray<SizeT>* src_ndarray) {
+            irrt_assert(
+                ndarray_util::can_broadcast_shape_to(
+                    this->ndims,
+                    this->shape,
+                    src_ndarray->ndims,
+                    src_ndarray->shape
+                )
+            );
+
+            // Broadcast the `src_ndarray` to make the reading process *much* easier
+            SizeT* broadcasted_src_ndarray_strides = __builtin_alloca(sizeof(SizeT) * this->ndims); // Remember to allocate strides beforehand
+            NDArray<SizeT> broadcasted_src_ndarray = {
+                .ndims = this->ndims,
+                .shape = this->shape,
+                .strides = broadcasted_src_ndarray_strides
+            };
+            src_ndarray->broadcast_to(&broadcasted_src_ndarray);
+
+            // Using iter instead of `get_nth_pelement` because it is slightly faster
+            SizeT* indices = __builtin_alloca(sizeof(SizeT) * this->ndims);
+            auto iter = NDArrayIndicesIter<SizeT> {
+                .ndims = this->ndims,
+                .shape = this->shape,
+                .indices = indices
+            };
+            const SizeT this_size = this->size();
+            for (SizeT i = 0; i < this_size; i++, iter.next()) {
+                uint8_t* src_pelement = broadcasted_src_ndarray_strides->get_pelement_by_indices(indices);
+                uint8_t* this_pelement = this->get_pelement_by_indices(indices);
+                this->set_pelement_value(src_pelement, src_pelement);
+            }
+        }
     };
 }
 

nac3core/irrt/irrt_test.cpp

@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ void __print_ndarray_aux(const char *format, bool first, bool last, SizeT* curso
         SizeT* indices = (SizeT*) __builtin_alloca(sizeof(SizeT) * ndarray->ndims);
         for (SizeT i = 0; i < dim; i++) {
             ndarray_util::set_indices_by_nth(ndarray->ndims, ndarray->shape, indices, *cursor);
-            ElementT* pelement = (ElementT*) ndarray->get_pelement(indices);
+            ElementT* pelement = (ElementT*) ndarray->get_pelement_by_indices(indices);
             ElementT element = *pelement;
 
             if (i != 0) printf(", "); // List delimiter
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ void test_ndarray_indices_iter_normal() {
     int32_t shape[3] = { 1, 2, 3 };
     int32_t indices[3] = { 0, 0, 0 };
     auto iter = NDArrayIndicesIter<int32_t> {
-        .ndims = 3u,
+        .ndims = 3,
         .shape = shape,
         .indices = indices
     };
@@ -394,10 +394,10 @@ void test_ndslice_1() {
     assert_arrays_match("shape", "%d", dst_ndims, expected_shape, dst_ndarray.shape);
     assert_arrays_match("strides", "%d", dst_ndims, expected_strides, dst_ndarray.strides);
 
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 0]", "%f", 5.0, *((double *) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[dst_ndims]) { 0, 0 })));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 0]", "%f", 5.0, *((double *) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[dst_ndims]) { 0, 0 })));
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 1]", "%f", 7.0, *((double *) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[dst_ndims]) { 0, 1 })));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 1]", "%f", 7.0, *((double *) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[dst_ndims]) { 0, 1 })));
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[1, 0]", "%f", 9.0, *((double *) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[dst_ndims]) { 1, 0 })));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[1, 0]", "%f", 9.0, *((double *) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[dst_ndims]) { 1, 0 })));
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[1, 1]", "%f", 11.0, *((double *) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[dst_ndims]) { 1, 1 })));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[1, 1]", "%f", 11.0, *((double *) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[dst_ndims]) { 1, 1 })));
 }
 
 void test_ndslice_2() {
@@ -471,8 +471,8 @@ void test_ndslice_2() {
     assert_arrays_match("strides", "%d", dst_ndims, expected_strides, dst_ndarray.strides);
 
     // [5.0, 3.0]
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0]", "%f", 11.0, *((double *) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[dst_ndims]) { 0 })));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0]", "%f", 11.0, *((double *) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[dst_ndims]) { 0 })));
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[1]", "%f", 9.0, *((double *) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[dst_ndims]) { 1 })));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[1]", "%f", 9.0, *((double *) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[dst_ndims]) { 1 })));
 }
 
 void test_can_broadcast_shape() {
@@ -618,15 +618,15 @@ void test_ndarray_broadcast_1() {
 
     assert_arrays_match("dst_ndarray->strides", "%d", dst_ndims, (int32_t[]) { 0, 0, 8 }, dst_ndarray.strides);
 
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 0, 0]", "%f", 19.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[]) {0, 0, 0})));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 0, 0]", "%f", 19.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[]) {0, 0, 0})));
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 0, 1]", "%f", 29.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[]) {0, 0, 1})));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 0, 1]", "%f", 29.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[]) {0, 0, 1})));
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 0, 2]", "%f", 39.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[]) {0, 0, 2})));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 0, 2]", "%f", 39.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[]) {0, 0, 2})));
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 0, 3]", "%f", 49.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[]) {0, 0, 3})));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 0, 3]", "%f", 49.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[]) {0, 0, 3})));
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 1, 0]", "%f", 19.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[]) {0, 1, 0})));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 1, 0]", "%f", 19.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[]) {0, 1, 0})));
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 1, 1]", "%f", 29.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[]) {0, 1, 1})));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 1, 1]", "%f", 29.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[]) {0, 1, 1})));
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 1, 2]", "%f", 39.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[]) {0, 1, 2})));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 1, 2]", "%f", 39.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[]) {0, 1, 2})));
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 1, 3]", "%f", 49.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[]) {0, 1, 3})));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[0, 1, 3]", "%f", 49.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[]) {0, 1, 3})));
-    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[1, 2, 3]", "%f", 49.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement((int32_t[]) {1, 2, 3})));
+    assert_values_match("dst_ndarray[1, 2, 3]", "%f", 49.9, *((double*) dst_ndarray.get_pelement_by_indices((int32_t[]) {1, 2, 3})));
 }
 
 int main() {

nac3core/src/codegen/classes.rs

@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@ use crate::codegen::{
     // irrt::{call_ndarray_calc_size, call_ndarray_flatten_index},
     llvm_intrinsics::call_int_umin,
     stmt::gen_for_callback_incrementing,
-    CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator,
+    CodeGenContext,
+    CodeGenerator,
 };
 use inkwell::context::Context;
 use inkwell::types::{ArrayType, BasicType, StructType};
@@ -12,6 +13,7 @@ use inkwell::{
     values::{BasicValueEnum, IntValue, PointerValue},
     AddressSpace, IntPredicate,
 };
+use itertools::Itertools;
 
 /// A LLVM type that is used to represent a non-primitive type in NAC3.
 pub trait ProxyType<'ctx>: Into<Self::Base> {
@@ -1208,25 +1210,27 @@ impl<'ctx> NDArrayType<'ctx> {
         ctx: &'ctx Context,
         dtype: BasicTypeEnum<'ctx>,
     ) -> Self {
-        let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx);
+        todo!()
 
-        // struct NDArray { num_dims: size_t, dims: size_t*, data: T* }
+        // let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx);
-        //
-        // * num_dims: Number of dimensions in the array
-        // * dims: Pointer to an array containing the size of each dimension
-        // * data: Pointer to an array containing the array data
-        let llvm_ndarray = ctx
-            .struct_type(
-                &[
-                    llvm_usize.into(),
-                    llvm_usize.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()).into(),
-                    dtype.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()).into(),
-                ],
-                false,
-            )
-            .ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
 
-        NDArrayType::from_type(llvm_ndarray, llvm_usize)
+        // // struct NDArray { num_dims: size_t, dims: size_t*, data: T* }
+        // //
+        // // * num_dims: Number of dimensions in the array
+        // // * dims: Pointer to an array containing the size of each dimension
+        // // * data: Pointer to an array containing the array data
+        // let llvm_ndarray = ctx
+        //     .struct_type(
+        //         &[
+        //             llvm_usize.into(),
+        //             llvm_usize.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()).into(),
+        //             dtype.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()).into(),
+        //         ],
+        //         false,
+        //     )
+        //     .ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
+
+        // NDArrayType::from_type(llvm_ndarray, llvm_usize)
     }
 
     /// Creates an [`NDArrayType`] from a [`PointerType`].
@@ -1763,3 +1767,341 @@ impl<'ctx, Index: UntypedArrayLikeAccessor<'ctx>> UntypedArrayLikeMutator<'ctx,
     for NDArrayDataProxy<'ctx, '_>
 {
 }
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct StructField<'ctx> {
+    /// The GEP index of this struct field.
+    pub gep_index: u32,
+    /// Name of this struct field.
+    ///
+    /// Used for generating names.
+    pub name: &'static str,
+    /// The type of this struct field.
+    pub ty: BasicTypeEnum<'ctx>,
+}
+
+pub struct StructFields<'ctx> {
+    /// Name of the struct.
+    ///
+    /// Used for generating names.
+    pub name: &'static str,
+
+    /// All the [`StructField`]s of this struct.
+    ///
+    /// **NOTE:** The index position of a [`StructField`]
+    /// matches the element's [`StructField::index`].
+    pub fields: Vec<StructField<'ctx>>,
+}
+
+struct StructFieldsBuilder<'ctx> {
+    gep_index_counter: u32,
+    /// Name of the struct to be built.
+    name: &'static str,
+    fields: Vec<StructField<'ctx>>,
+}
+
+impl<'ctx> StructField<'ctx> {
+    /// TODO: DOCUMENT ME
+    pub fn gep(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        struct_ptr: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+    ) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        let index_type = ctx.ctx.i32_type(); // TODO: I think I'm not supposed to use i32 for GEP like that
+        unsafe {
+            ctx.builder
+                .build_in_bounds_gep(
+                    struct_ptr,
+                    &[index_type.const_zero(), index_type.const_int(self.gep_index as u64, false)],
+                    self.name,
+                )
+                .unwrap()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// TODO: DOCUMENT ME
+    pub fn load(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        struct_ptr: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+    ) -> BasicValueEnum<'ctx> {
+        ctx.builder.build_load(self.gep(ctx, struct_ptr), self.name).unwrap()
+    }
+
+    /// TODO: DOCUMENT ME
+    pub fn store<V>(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>, struct_ptr: PointerValue<'ctx>, value: V)
+    where
+        V: BasicValue<'ctx>,
+    {
+        ctx.builder.build_store(self.gep(ctx, struct_ptr), value).unwrap();
+    }
+}
+
+type IsInstanceError = String;
+type IsInstanceResult = Result<(), IsInstanceError>;
+
+pub fn check_basic_types_match<'ctx, A, B>(expected: A, got: B) -> IsInstanceResult
+where
+    A: BasicType<'ctx>,
+    B: BasicType<'ctx>,
+{
+    let expected = expected.as_basic_type_enum();
+    let got = got.as_basic_type_enum();
+
+    // Put those logic into here,
+    // otherwise there is always a fallback reporting on any kind of mismatch
+    match (expected, got) {
+        (BasicTypeEnum::IntType(expected), BasicTypeEnum::IntType(got)) => {
+            if expected.get_bit_width() != got.get_bit_width() {
+                return Err(format!(
+                    "Expected IntType ({expected}-bit(s)), got IntType ({got}-bit(s))"
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+        (expected, got) => {
+            if expected != got {
+                return Err(format!("Expected {expected}, got {got}"));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+impl<'ctx> StructFields<'ctx> {
+    pub fn num_fields(&self) -> u32 {
+        self.fields.len() as u32
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_struct_type(&self, ctx: &'ctx Context) -> StructType<'ctx> {
+        let llvm_fields = self.fields.iter().map(|field| field.ty).collect_vec();
+        ctx.struct_type(llvm_fields.as_slice(), false)
+    }
+
+    pub fn is_type(&self, scrutinee: StructType<'ctx>) -> IsInstanceResult {
+        // Check scrutinee's number of struct fields
+        if scrutinee.count_fields() != self.num_fields() {
+            return Err(format!(
+                "Expected {expected_count} field(s) in `{struct_name}` type, got {got_count}",
+                struct_name = self.name,
+                expected_count = self.num_fields(),
+                got_count = scrutinee.count_fields(),
+            ));
+        }
+
+        // Check the scrutinee's field types
+        for field in self.fields.iter() {
+            let expected_field_ty = field.ty;
+            let got_field_ty = scrutinee.get_field_type_at_index(field.gep_index).unwrap();
+
+            if let Err(field_err) = check_basic_types_match(expected_field_ty, got_field_ty) {
+                return Err(format!(
+                    "Field GEP index {gep_index} does not match the expected type of ({struct_name}::{field_name}): {field_err}",
+                    gep_index = field.gep_index,
+                    struct_name = self.name,
+                    field_name = field.name,
+                ));
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Done
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'ctx> StructFieldsBuilder<'ctx> {
+    fn start(name: &'static str) -> Self {
+        StructFieldsBuilder { gep_index_counter: 0, name, fields: Vec::new() }
+    }
+
+    fn add_field(&mut self, name: &'static str, ty: BasicTypeEnum<'ctx>) -> StructField<'ctx> {
+        let index = self.gep_index_counter;
+        self.gep_index_counter += 1;
+
+        let field = StructField { gep_index: index, name, ty };
+        self.fields.push(field); // Register into self.fields
+
+        field // Return to the caller to conveniently let them do whatever they want
+    }
+
+    fn end(self) -> StructFields<'ctx> {
+        StructFields { name: self.name, fields: self.fields }
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct NpArrayType<'ctx> {
+    pub size_type: IntType<'ctx>,
+    pub elem_type: BasicTypeEnum<'ctx>,
+}
+
+pub struct NpArrayStructFields<'ctx> {
+    pub whole_struct: StructFields<'ctx>,
+    pub data: StructField<'ctx>,
+    pub itemsize: StructField<'ctx>,
+    pub ndims: StructField<'ctx>,
+    pub shape: StructField<'ctx>,
+    pub strides: StructField<'ctx>,
+}
+
+impl<'ctx> NpArrayType<'ctx> {
+    pub fn new_opaque_elem(
+        ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        size_type: IntType<'ctx>,
+    ) -> NpArrayType<'ctx> {
+        NpArrayType { size_type, elem_type: ctx.ctx.i8_type().as_basic_type_enum() }
+    }
+
+    pub fn get_struct_type(&self, ctx: &'ctx Context) -> StructType<'ctx> {
+        self.fields().whole_struct.get_struct_type(ctx)
+    }
+
+    pub fn fields(&self) -> NpArrayStructFields<'ctx> {
+        let mut builder = StructFieldsBuilder::start("NpArray");
+
+        let addrspace = AddressSpace::default();
+
+        let byte_type = self.size_type.get_context().i8_type();
+
+        // Make sure the struct matches PERFECTLY with that defined in `nac3core/irrt`.
+        let data = builder.add_field("data", byte_type.ptr_type(addrspace).into());
+        let itemsize = builder.add_field("itemsize", self.size_type.into());
+        let ndims = builder.add_field("ndims", self.size_type.into());
+        let shape = builder.add_field("shape", self.size_type.ptr_type(addrspace).into());
+        let strides = builder.add_field("strides", self.size_type.ptr_type(addrspace).into());
+
+        NpArrayStructFields { whole_struct: builder.end(), data, itemsize, ndims, shape, strides }
+    }
+
+    /// Allocate an `ndarray` on stack, with the following notes:
+    ///
+    /// - `ndarray.ndims` will be initialized to `in_ndims`.
+    /// - `ndarray.itemsize` will be initialized to the size of `self.elem_type.size_of()`.
+    /// - `ndarray.shape` and `ndarray.strides` will be allocated on the stack with number of elements being `in_ndims`,
+    /// all with empty/uninitialized values.
+    pub fn var_alloc<G>(
+        &self,
+        generator: &mut G,
+        ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        in_ndims: IntValue<'ctx>,
+        name: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> NpArrayValue<'ctx>
+    where
+        G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized,
+    {
+        let ptr = generator
+            .gen_var_alloc(ctx, self.get_struct_type(ctx.ctx).as_basic_type_enum(), name)
+            .unwrap();
+
+        // Allocate `in_dims` number of `size_type` on the stack for `shape` and `strides`
+        let allocated_shape = generator
+            .gen_array_var_alloc(
+                ctx,
+                self.size_type.as_basic_type_enum(),
+                in_ndims,
+                Some("allocated_shape"),
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+        let allocated_strides = generator
+            .gen_array_var_alloc(
+                ctx,
+                self.size_type.as_basic_type_enum(),
+                in_ndims,
+                Some("allocated_strides"),
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+
+        let value = NpArrayValue { ty: *self, ptr };
+        value.store_ndims(ctx, in_ndims);
+        value.store_itemsize(ctx, self.elem_type.size_of().unwrap());
+        value.store_shape(ctx, allocated_shape.base_ptr(ctx, generator));
+        value.store_strides(ctx, allocated_strides.base_ptr(ctx, generator));
+
+        return value;
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct NpArrayValue<'ctx> {
+    pub ty: NpArrayType<'ctx>,
+    pub ptr: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+}
+
+impl<'ctx> NpArrayValue<'ctx> {
+    pub fn load_ndims(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
+        let field = self.ty.fields().ndims;
+        field.load(ctx, self.ptr).into_int_value()
+    }
+
+    pub fn store_ndims(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>, value: IntValue<'ctx>) {
+        let field = self.ty.fields().ndims;
+        field.store(ctx, self.ptr, value);
+    }
+
+    pub fn load_itemsize(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
+        let field = self.ty.fields().itemsize;
+        field.load(ctx, self.ptr).into_int_value()
+    }
+
+    pub fn store_itemsize(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>, value: IntValue<'ctx>) {
+        let field = self.ty.fields().itemsize;
+        field.store(ctx, self.ptr, value);
+    }
+
+    pub fn load_shape(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        let field = self.ty.fields().shape;
+        field.load(ctx, self.ptr).into_pointer_value()
+    }
+
+    pub fn store_shape(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>, value: PointerValue<'ctx>) {
+        let field = self.ty.fields().shape;
+        field.store(ctx, self.ptr, value);
+    }
+
+    pub fn load_strides(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        let field = self.ty.fields().strides;
+        field.load(ctx, self.ptr).into_pointer_value()
+    }
+
+    pub fn store_strides(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>, value: PointerValue<'ctx>) {
+        let field = self.ty.fields().strides;
+        field.store(ctx, self.ptr, value);
+    }
+
+    /// TODO: DOCUMENT ME -- NDIMS WOULD NEVER CHANGE!!!!!
+    pub fn shape_slice(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    ) -> TypedArrayLikeAdapter<'ctx, IntValue<'ctx>> {
+        // Get the pointer to `shape`
+        let field = self.ty.fields().shape;
+        let shape = field.load(ctx, self.ptr).into_pointer_value();
+
+        // Load `ndims`
+        let ndims = self.load_ndims(ctx);
+
+        TypedArrayLikeAdapter {
+            adapted: ArraySliceValue(shape, ndims, Some(field.name)),
+            downcast_fn: Box::new(|_ctx, x| x.into_int_value()),
+            upcast_fn: Box::new(|_ctx, x| x.as_basic_value_enum()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// TODO: DOCUMENT ME -- NDIMS WOULD NEVER CHANGE!!!!!
+    pub fn strides_slice(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    ) -> TypedArrayLikeAdapter<'ctx, IntValue<'ctx>> {
+        // Get the pointer to `strides`
+        let field = self.ty.fields().strides;
+        let strides = field.load(ctx, self.ptr).into_pointer_value();
+
+        // Load `ndims`
+        let ndims = self.load_ndims(ctx);
+
+        TypedArrayLikeAdapter {
+            adapted: ArraySliceValue(strides, ndims, Some(field.name)),
+            downcast_fn: Box::new(|_ctx, x| x.into_int_value()),
+            upcast_fn: Box::new(|_ctx, x| x.as_basic_value_enum()),
+        }
+    }
+}

nac3core/src/codegen/irrt/mod.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
-use crate::typecheck::typedef::Type;
+use crate::{typecheck::typedef::Type, util::SizeVariant};
 
 mod test;
 
 use super::{
     classes::{
-        ArrayLikeIndexer, ArrayLikeValue, ArraySliceValue, ListValue, NDArrayValue,
+        check_basic_types_match, ArrayLikeIndexer, ArrayLikeValue, ArraySliceValue, ListValue,
-        TypedArrayLikeAdapter, UntypedArrayLikeAccessor,
+        NDArrayValue, NpArrayType, NpArrayValue, TypedArrayLikeAdapter, UntypedArrayLikeAccessor,
     },
     llvm_intrinsics, CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator,
 };
@@ -16,8 +16,8 @@ use inkwell::{
     context::Context,
     memory_buffer::MemoryBuffer,
     module::Module,
-    types::{BasicTypeEnum, IntType},
+    types::{BasicType, BasicTypeEnum, FunctionType, IntType, PointerType},
-    values::{BasicValueEnum, CallSiteValue, FloatValue, IntValue},
+    values::{BasicValue, BasicValueEnum, CallSiteValue, FloatValue, FunctionValue, IntValue},
     AddressSpace, IntPredicate,
 };
 use itertools::Either;
@@ -929,3 +929,111 @@ pub fn call_j0<'ctx>(ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>, v: FloatValue<'ctx>) -> Flo
 //         Box::new(|_, v| v.into()),
 //     )
 // }
+
+fn get_size_variant<'ctx>(ty: IntType<'ctx>) -> SizeVariant {
+    match ty.get_bit_width() {
+        32 => SizeVariant::Bits32,
+        64 => SizeVariant::Bits64,
+        _ => unreachable!("Unsupported int type bit width {}", ty.get_bit_width()),
+    }
+}
+
+fn get_size_type_dependent_function<'ctx, BuildFuncTypeFn>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    size_type: IntType<'ctx>,
+    base_name: &str,
+    build_func_type: BuildFuncTypeFn,
+) -> FunctionValue<'ctx>
+where
+    BuildFuncTypeFn: Fn() -> FunctionType<'ctx>,
+{
+    let mut fn_name = base_name.to_owned();
+    match get_size_variant(size_type) {
+        SizeVariant::Bits32 => {
+            // The original fn_name is the correct function name
+        }
+        SizeVariant::Bits64 => {
+            // Append "64" at the end, this is the naming convention for 64-bit
+            fn_name.push_str("64");
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Get (or declare then get if does not exist) the corresponding function
+    ctx.module.get_function(&fn_name).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = build_func_type();
+        ctx.module.add_function(&fn_name, fn_type, None)
+    })
+}
+
+fn get_irrt_ndarray_ptr_type<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    size_type: IntType<'ctx>,
+) -> PointerType<'ctx> {
+    let i8_type = ctx.ctx.i8_type();
+
+    let ndarray_ty = NpArrayType { size_type, elem_type: i8_type.as_basic_type_enum() };
+    let struct_ty = ndarray_ty.get_struct_type(ctx.ctx);
+    struct_ty.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default())
+}
+
+fn get_irrt_opaque_uint8_ptr_type<'ctx>(ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>) -> PointerType<'ctx> {
+    ctx.ctx.i8_type().ptr_type(AddressSpace::default())
+}
+
+pub fn call_nac3_ndarray_size<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    ndarray: NpArrayValue<'ctx>,
+) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
+    let size_type = ndarray.ty.size_type;
+    let function = get_size_type_dependent_function(ctx, size_type, "__nac3_ndarray_size", || {
+        size_type.fn_type(&[get_irrt_ndarray_ptr_type(ctx, size_type).into()], false)
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(function, &[ndarray.ptr.into()], "size")
+        .unwrap()
+        .try_as_basic_value()
+        .unwrap_left()
+        .into_int_value()
+}
+
+pub fn call_nac3_ndarray_fill_generic<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    ndarray: NpArrayValue<'ctx>,
+    fill_value: BasicValueEnum<'ctx>,
+) {
+    // Sanity check on type of `fill_value`
+    check_basic_types_match(ndarray.ty.elem_type, fill_value.get_type().as_basic_type_enum())
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let size_type = ndarray.ty.size_type;
+    let function =
+        get_size_type_dependent_function(ctx, size_type, "__nac3_ndarray_fill_generic", || {
+            ctx.ctx.void_type().fn_type(
+                &[
+                    get_irrt_ndarray_ptr_type(ctx, size_type).into(), // NDArray<SizeT>* ndarray
+                    get_irrt_opaque_uint8_ptr_type(ctx).into(), // uint8_t* pvalue
+                ],
+                false,
+            )
+        });
+
+    // Put `fill_value` onto the stack and get a pointer to it, and that pointer will be `pvalue`
+    let pvalue = ctx.builder.build_alloca(ndarray.ty.elem_type, "fill_value").unwrap();
+    ctx.builder.build_store(pvalue, fill_value).unwrap();
+
+    // Cast pvalue to `uint8_t*`
+    let pvalue = ctx.builder.build_pointer_cast(pvalue, get_irrt_opaque_uint8_ptr_type(ctx), "").unwrap();
+
+    // Call the IRRT function
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(
+            function,
+            &[
+                ndarray.ptr.into(), // ndarray
+                pvalue.into(),      // pvalue
+            ],
+            "",
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+}

nac3core/src/codegen/mod.rs

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ use crate::{
         typedef::{CallId, FuncArg, Type, TypeEnum, Unifier},
     },
 };
+use classes::NpArrayType;
 use crossbeam::channel::{unbounded, Receiver, Sender};
 use inkwell::{
     attributes::{Attribute, AttributeLoc},
@@ -476,7 +477,11 @@ fn get_llvm_type<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
                                 ctx, module, generator, unifier, top_level, type_cache, dtype,
                             );
 
-                            NDArrayType::new(generator, ctx, element_type).as_base_type().into()
+                            let ndarray_ty = NpArrayType {
+                                size_type: generator.get_size_type(ctx),
+                                elem_type: element_type,
+                            };
+                            ndarray_ty.get_struct_type(ctx).as_basic_type_enum()
                         }
 
                         _ => unreachable!(

nac3core/src/codegen/numpy.rs

@@ -2,15 +2,11 @@ use crate::{
     codegen::{
         classes::{
             ArrayLikeIndexer, ArrayLikeValue, ListType, ListValue, NDArrayType, NDArrayValue,
-            ProxyType, ProxyValue, TypedArrayLikeAccessor, TypedArrayLikeAdapter,
+            NpArrayType, ProxyType, ProxyValue, TypedArrayLikeAccessor, TypedArrayLikeAdapter,
             TypedArrayLikeMutator, UntypedArrayLikeAccessor, UntypedArrayLikeMutator,
         },
         expr::gen_binop_expr_with_values,
-        irrt::{
+        irrt::call_nac3_ndarray_fill_generic,
-            // calculate_len_for_slice_range, call_ndarray_calc_broadcast,
-            // call_ndarray_calc_broadcast_index, call_ndarray_calc_nd_indices,
-            // call_ndarray_calc_size,
-        },
         llvm_intrinsics::{self, call_memcpy_generic},
         stmt::{gen_for_callback_incrementing, gen_for_range_callback, gen_if_else_expr_callback},
         CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator,
@@ -26,7 +22,7 @@ use crate::{
         typedef::{FunSignature, Type, TypeEnum},
     },
 };
-use inkwell::types::{AnyTypeEnum, BasicTypeEnum, PointerType};
+use inkwell::types::{AnyTypeEnum, BasicTypeEnum, IntType, PointerType};
 use inkwell::{
     types::BasicType,
     values::{BasicValueEnum, IntValue, PointerValue},
@@ -34,6 +30,8 @@ use inkwell::{
 };
 use nac3parser::ast::{Operator, StrRef};
 
+use super::{classes::NpArrayValue, stmt::gen_return};
+
 // /// Creates an uninitialized `NDArray` instance.
 // fn create_ndarray_uninitialized<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
 //     generator: &mut G,
@@ -2015,3 +2013,335 @@ use nac3parser::ast::{Operator, StrRef};
 //     Ok(())
 // }
 //
+
+fn simple_assert<'ctx, G>(
+    generator: &mut G,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    cond: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    msg: &str,
+) where
+    G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized,
+{
+    let mut full_msg = String::from("simple_assert failed: ");
+    full_msg.push_str(msg);
+    ctx.make_assert(
+        generator,
+        cond,
+        "0:ValueError",
+        full_msg.as_str(),
+        [None, None, None],
+        ctx.current_loc,
+    );
+}
+
+fn copy_array_slice<'ctx, G, Src, Dst>(
+    generator: &mut G,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    dst: Dst,
+    src: Src,
+) where
+    G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized,
+    Dst: TypedArrayLikeMutator<'ctx, IntType<'ctx>>,
+    Src: TypedArrayLikeAccessor<'ctx, IntType<'ctx>>,
+{
+    // Sanity check
+    let len_match = ctx
+        .builder
+        .build_int_compare(
+            IntPredicate::EQ,
+            src.size(ctx, generator),
+            dst.size(ctx, generator),
+            "len_match",
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+    simple_assert(generator, ctx, len_match, "copy_array_slice length mismatched");
+
+    let size_type = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
+
+    let init_val = size_type.const_zero();
+    let max_val = (dst.size(ctx, generator), false);
+    let incr_val = size_type.const_int(1, false);
+    gen_for_callback_incrementing(
+        generator,
+        ctx,
+        init_val,
+        max_val,
+        |generator, ctx, _hooks, idx| {
+            let value = src.get_typed(ctx, generator, &idx, Some("copy_array_slice.tmp"));
+            dst.set_typed(ctx, generator, &idx, value);
+            Ok(())
+        },
+        incr_val,
+    )
+    .unwrap();
+}
+
+pub fn alloca_ndarray_uninitialized<'ctx, G>(
+    generator: &mut G,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    elem_type: BasicTypeEnum<'ctx>,
+    ndims: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> Result<NpArrayValue<'ctx>, String>
+where
+    G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized,
+{
+    let size_type = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
+    let ndarray_ty = NpArrayType { size_type, elem_type };
+    let ndarray = ndarray_ty.var_alloc(generator, ctx, ndims, name);
+    Ok(ndarray)
+}
+
+pub struct Producer<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized, T> {
+    pub count: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    pub write_to_slice: Box<
+        dyn Fn(
+                &mut G,
+                &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+                &TypedArrayLikeAdapter<'ctx, T>,
+            ) -> Result<(), String>
+            + 'ctx,
+    >,
+}
+
+/// TODO: UPDATE DOCUMENTATION
+/// LLVM-typed implementation for generating a [`Producer`] that sets a list of ints.
+///
+/// * `elem_ty` - The element type of the `NDArray`.
+/// * `shape` - The `shape` parameter used to construct the `NDArray`.
+///
+/// ### Notes on `shape`
+///
+/// Just like numpy, the `shape` argument can be:
+///   1. A list of `int32`;   e.g., `np.empty([600, 800, 3])`
+///   2. A tuple of `int32`;  e.g., `np.empty((600, 800, 3))`
+///   3. A scalar `int32`;     e.g., `np.empty(3)`, this is functionally equivalent to `np.empty([3])`
+///
+/// See also [`typecheck::type_inferencer::fold_numpy_function_call_shape_argument`] to
+/// learn how `shape` gets from being a Python user expression to here.
+fn parse_input_shape_arg<'ctx, G>(
+    generator: &mut G,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    shape: BasicValueEnum<'ctx>,
+    shape_ty: Type,
+) -> Result<Producer<'ctx, G, IntValue<'ctx>>, String>
+where
+    G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized,
+{
+    let size_type = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
+
+    match &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(shape_ty) {
+        TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. }
+            if *obj_id == ctx.primitives.list.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).unwrap() =>
+        {
+            // 1. A list of ints; e.g., `np.empty([600, 800, 3])`
+
+            // A list has to be a PointerValue
+            let shape_list = ListValue::from_ptr_val(shape.into_pointer_value(), size_type, None);
+
+            // Create `Producer`
+            let ndims = shape_list.load_size(ctx, Some("count"));
+            Ok(Producer {
+                count: ndims,
+                write_to_slice: Box::new(move |ctx, generator, dst_slice| {
+                    // Basically iterate through the list and write to `dst_slice` accordingly
+                    let init_val = size_type.const_zero();
+                    let max_val = (ndims, false);
+                    let incr_val = size_type.const_int(1, false);
+                    gen_for_callback_incrementing(
+                        ctx,
+                        generator,
+                        init_val,
+                        max_val,
+                        |generator, ctx, _hooks, idx| {
+                            // Get the dimension at `idx`
+                            let dim =
+                                shape_list.data().get(ctx, generator, &idx, None).into_int_value();
+
+                            // Cast `dim` to SizeT
+                            let dim = ctx
+                                .builder
+                                .build_int_s_extend_or_bit_cast(dim, size_type, "dim_casted")
+                                .unwrap();
+
+                            // Write
+                            dst_slice.set_typed(ctx, generator, &idx, dim);
+                            Ok(())
+                        },
+                        incr_val,
+                    )?;
+                    Ok(())
+                }),
+            })
+        }
+        TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: tuple_types } => {
+            // 2. A tuple of ints; e.g., `np.empty((600, 800, 3))`
+
+            // Get the length/size of the tuple, which also happens to be the value of `ndims`.
+            let ndims = tuple_types.len();
+
+            // A tuple has to be a StructValue
+            // Read [`codegen::expr::gen_expr`] to see how `nac3core` translates a Python tuple into LLVM.
+            let shape_tuple = shape.into_struct_value();
+
+            Ok(Producer {
+                count: size_type.const_int(ndims as u64, false),
+                write_to_slice: Box::new(move |generator, ctx, dst_slice| {
+                    for dim_i in 0..ndims {
+                        // Get the dimension at `dim_i`
+                        let dim = ctx
+                            .builder
+                            .build_extract_value(
+                                shape_tuple,
+                                dim_i as u32,
+                                format!("dim{dim_i}").as_str(),
+                            )
+                            .unwrap()
+                            .into_int_value();
+
+                        // Cast `dim` to SizeT
+                        let dim = ctx
+                            .builder
+                            .build_int_s_extend_or_bit_cast(dim, size_type, "dim_casted")
+                            .unwrap();
+
+                        // Write
+                        dst_slice.set_typed(
+                            ctx,
+                            generator,
+                            &size_type.const_int(dim_i as u64, false),
+                            dim,
+                        );
+                    }
+                    Ok(())
+                }),
+            })
+        }
+        TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. }
+            if *obj_id == ctx.primitives.int32.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).unwrap() =>
+        {
+            // 3. A scalar int; e.g., `np.empty(3)`, this is functionally equivalent to `np.empty([3])`
+
+            // The value has to be an integer
+            let shape_int = shape.into_int_value();
+
+            Ok(Producer {
+                count: size_type.const_int(1, false),
+                write_to_slice: Box::new(move |generator, ctx, dst_slice| {
+                    // Only index 0 is set with the input value
+                    let dim_i = size_type.const_zero();
+
+                    // Cast `shape_int` to SizeT
+                    let dim = ctx
+                        .builder
+                        .build_int_s_extend_or_bit_cast(shape_int, size_type, "dim_casted")
+                        .unwrap();
+
+                    // Write
+                    dst_slice.set_typed(ctx, generator, &dim_i, dim);
+                    Ok(())
+                }),
+            })
+        }
+        _ => panic!("parse_input_shape_arg encountered unknown type"),
+    }
+}
+
+/// TODO: DOCUMENT ME
+fn alloca_ndarray_uninitialized_shaped<'ctx, G>(
+    generator: &mut G,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    elem_type: BasicTypeEnum<'ctx>,
+    shape_producer: Producer<'ctx, G, IntValue<'ctx>>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> Result<NpArrayValue<'ctx>, String>
+where
+    G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized,
+{
+    // Allocate an uninitialized ndarray
+    let ndims = shape_producer.count;
+    let ndarray = alloca_ndarray_uninitialized(generator, ctx, elem_type, ndims, name)?;
+
+    // Fill `ndarray.shape` with `shape_producer`
+    (shape_producer.write_to_slice)(generator, ctx, &ndarray.shape_slice(ctx))?;
+    Ok(ndarray)
+}
+
+/// LLVM-typed implementation for generating the implementation for constructing an empty `NDArray`.
+fn call_ndarray_empty_impl<'ctx, G>(
+    generator: &mut G,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    elem_ty: Type,
+    shape: BasicValueEnum<'ctx>,
+    shape_ty: Type,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> Result<NpArrayValue<'ctx>, String>
+where
+    G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized,
+{
+    let elem_type = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty);
+    let shape_producer = parse_input_shape_arg(generator, ctx, shape, shape_ty)?;
+    alloca_ndarray_uninitialized_shaped(generator, ctx, elem_type, shape_producer, name)
+}
+
+/// Generates LLVM IR for `np.empty`.
+pub fn gen_ndarray_empty<'ctx>(
+    context: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    obj: &Option<(Type, ValueEnum<'ctx>)>,
+    fun: (&FunSignature, DefinitionId),
+    args: &[(Option<StrRef>, ValueEnum<'ctx>)],
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    assert!(obj.is_none());
+    assert_eq!(args.len(), 1);
+
+    let shape_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
+    let shape = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(context, generator, shape_ty)?;
+
+    let ndarray = call_ndarray_empty_impl(
+        generator,
+        context,
+        context.primitives.float,
+        shape,
+        shape_ty,
+        None,
+    )?;
+    Ok(ndarray.ptr)
+}
+
+/// Generates LLVM IR for `np.zeros`.
+///
+/// NOTE: Current `dtype` is always `float64`.
+pub fn gen_ndarray_zeros<'ctx>(
+    context: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    obj: &Option<(Type, ValueEnum<'ctx>)>,
+    fun: (&FunSignature, DefinitionId),
+    args: &[(Option<StrRef>, ValueEnum<'ctx>)],
+    generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    assert!(obj.is_none());
+    assert_eq!(args.len(), 1);
+
+    let shape_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
+    let shape = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(context, generator, shape_ty)?;
+
+    // Allocate an ndarray and fill it later
+    let ndarray = call_ndarray_empty_impl(
+        generator,
+        context,
+        context.primitives.float, // float64
+        shape,
+        shape_ty,
+        None,
+    )?;
+
+    // TRICK: The float64 type could be conveniently extracted out of `ndarray`
+    let float_type = ndarray.ty.elem_type.into_float_type();
+
+    // Fill the ndarray
+    call_nac3_ndarray_fill_generic(context, ndarray, float_type.const_float(1.0).into());
+
+    // Return our ndarray
+    println!("ndarray.ptr = {}", ndarray.ptr);
+    Ok(ndarray.ptr)
+}

nac3core/src/lib.rs

@@ -23,3 +23,4 @@ pub mod codegen;
 pub mod symbol_resolver;
 pub mod toplevel;
 pub mod typecheck;
+pub mod util;

nac3core/src/toplevel/builtins.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use std::iter::once;
 
+use crate::util::SizeVariant;
 use helper::{debug_assert_prim_is_allowed, make_exception_fields, PrimDefDetails};
 use indexmap::IndexMap;
 use inkwell::{
@@ -278,20 +279,11 @@ pub fn get_builtins(unifier: &mut Unifier, primitives: &PrimitiveStore) -> Built
         .collect()
 }
 
-/// A helper enum used by [`BuiltinBuilder`]
+fn size_variant_to_int_type(variant: SizeVariant, primitives: &PrimitiveStore) -> Type {
-#[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+    match variant {
-enum SizeVariant {
-    Bits32,
-    Bits64,
-}
-
-impl SizeVariant {
-    fn of_int(self, primitives: &PrimitiveStore) -> Type {
-        match self {
         SizeVariant::Bits32 => primitives.int32,
         SizeVariant::Bits64 => primitives.int64,
     }
-    }
 }
 
 struct BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
@@ -1061,7 +1053,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
         );
 
         // The size variant of the function determines the size of the returned int.
-        let int_sized = size_variant.of_int(self.primitives);
+        let int_sized = size_variant_to_int_type(size_variant, self.primitives);
 
         let ndarray_int_sized =
             make_ndarray_ty(self.unifier, self.primitives, Some(int_sized), Some(common_ndim.ty));
@@ -1086,7 +1078,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                 let arg_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
                 let arg = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, arg_ty)?;
 
-                let ret_elem_ty = size_variant.of_int(&ctx.primitives);
+                let ret_elem_ty = size_variant_to_int_type(size_variant, &ctx.primitives);
                 Ok(Some(builtin_fns::call_round(generator, ctx, (arg_ty, arg), ret_elem_ty)?))
             }),
         )
@@ -1127,7 +1119,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             make_ndarray_ty(self.unifier, self.primitives, Some(float), Some(common_ndim.ty));
 
         // The size variant of the function determines the type of int returned
-        let int_sized = size_variant.of_int(self.primitives);
+        let int_sized = size_variant_to_int_type(size_variant, self.primitives);
         let ndarray_int_sized =
             make_ndarray_ty(self.unifier, self.primitives, Some(int_sized), Some(common_ndim.ty));
 
@@ -1150,7 +1142,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                 let arg_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
                 let arg = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, arg_ty)?;
 
-                let ret_elem_ty = size_variant.of_int(&ctx.primitives);
+                let ret_elem_ty = size_variant_to_int_type(size_variant, &ctx.primitives);
                 let func = match kind {
                     Kind::Ceil => builtin_fns::call_ceil,
                     Kind::Floor => builtin_fns::call_floor,
@@ -1201,14 +1193,13 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             self.ndarray_float,
             &[(self.ndarray_factory_fn_shape_arg_tvar.ty, "shape")],
             Box::new(move |ctx, obj, fun, args, generator| {
-                todo!()
+                let func = match prim {
-                // let func = match prim {
+                    PrimDef::FunNpNDArray | PrimDef::FunNpEmpty => gen_ndarray_empty,
-                //     PrimDef::FunNpNDArray | PrimDef::FunNpEmpty => gen_ndarray_empty,
+                    PrimDef::FunNpZeros => gen_ndarray_zeros,
-                //     PrimDef::FunNpZeros => gen_ndarray_zeros,
+                    PrimDef::FunNpOnes => todo!(), // gen_ndarray_ones,
-                //     PrimDef::FunNpOnes => gen_ndarray_ones,
+                    _ => unreachable!(),
-                //     _ => unreachable!(),
+                };
-                // };
+                func(ctx, &obj, fun, &args, generator).map(|val| Some(val.as_basic_value_enum()))
-                // func(ctx, &obj, fun, &args, generator).map(|val| Some(val.as_basic_value_enum()))
             }),
         )
     }

nac3core/src/util.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum SizeVariant {
+    Bits32,
+    Bits64,
+}

nac3standalone/demo/src/my_ndarray.py

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+def run() -> int32:
+    hello = np_zeros((3, 4))
+    return 0

nac3standalone/src/main.rs

@@ -449,6 +449,9 @@ fn main() {
         .create_target_machine(llvm_options.opt_level)
         .expect("couldn't create target machine");
 
+    // NOTE: DEBUG PRINT
+    main.print_to_file("standalone.ll").unwrap();
+
     let pass_options = PassBuilderOptions::create();
     pass_options.set_merge_functions(true);
     let passes = format!("default<O{}>", opt_level as u32);