WIP: core/ndstrides: AnyObject + TupleObject

nac3core/src/codegen/builtin_fns.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,14 @@
 use inkwell::types::BasicTypeEnum;
 use inkwell::values::{BasicValue, BasicValueEnum, IntValue, PointerValue};
-use inkwell::{FloatPredicate, IntPredicate, OptimizationLevel};
+use inkwell::IntPredicate;
 use itertools::Itertools;
 
 use crate::codegen::classes::{
     ArrayLikeValue, NDArrayValue, ProxyValue, RangeValue, TypedArrayLikeAccessor,
-    UntypedArrayLikeAccessor, UntypedArrayLikeMutator,
+    UntypedArrayLikeAccessor,
 };
 use crate::codegen::expr::destructure_range;
 use crate::codegen::irrt::calculate_len_for_slice_range;
-use crate::codegen::numpy::ndarray_elementwise_unaryop_impl;
 use crate::codegen::{extern_fns, llvm_intrinsics, numpy, CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator};
 use crate::toplevel::helper::PrimDef;
 use crate::toplevel::numpy::unpack_ndarray_var_tys;

nac3core/src/codegen/expr.rs

@@ -12,7 +12,10 @@ use crate::{
             call_memcpy_generic,
         },
         need_sret, numpy,
-        object::ndarray::{scalar::split_scalar_or_ndarray, NDArrayObject, NDArrayOut},
+        object::{
+            ndarray::{scalar::split_scalar_or_ndarray, NDArrayObject, NDArrayOut},
+            AnyObject,
+        },
         stmt::{
             gen_for_callback_incrementing, gen_if_callback, gen_if_else_expr_callback, gen_raise,
             gen_var,
@@ -1537,10 +1540,11 @@ pub fn gen_binop_expr_with_values<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator>(
     } else if ty1.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).is_some_and(|id| id == PrimDef::NDArray.id())
         || ty2.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).is_some_and(|id| id == PrimDef::NDArray.id())
     {
-        let left =
+        let left = AnyObject { ty: ty1, value: left_val };
-            split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, left_val, ty1).as_ndarray(generator, ctx);
+        let right = AnyObject { ty: ty1, value: right_val };
-        let right =
+
-            split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, right_val, ty2).as_ndarray(generator, ctx);
+        let left = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, left).as_ndarray(generator, ctx);
+        let right = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, right).as_ndarray(generator, ctx);
 
         debug_assert!(ctx.unifier.unioned(left.dtype, right.dtype)); // Typechecker ensures this.
 
@@ -2860,8 +2864,9 @@ pub fn gen_expr<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator>(
 
                     let ndarray_ty = value.custom.unwrap();
                     let ndarray = ndarray.to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, ndarray_ty)?;
-                    let ndarray =
+                    let ndarray = AnyObject { ty: ndarray_ty, value: ndarray };
-                        NDArrayObject::from_value_and_type(generator, ctx, ndarray, ndarray_ty);
+
+                    let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_object(generator, ctx, ndarray);
 
                     let indexes = gen_ndarray_subscript_ndindexes(generator, ctx, slice)?;
                     let result = ndarray

nac3core/src/codegen/numpy_new.rs

@@ -13,7 +13,10 @@ use crate::{
 use super::{
     irrt::call_nac3_ndarray_util_assert_shape_no_negative,
     model::*,
-    object::ndarray::{shape_util::parse_numpy_int_sequence, NDArrayObject},
+    object::{
+        ndarray::{shape_util::parse_numpy_int_sequence, NDArrayObject},
+        AnyObject,
+    },
     CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator,
 };
 
@@ -84,13 +87,12 @@ fn create_empty_ndarray<'ctx, G>(
     generator: &mut G,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
     ndarray_ty: Type,
-    shape: BasicValueEnum<'ctx>,
+    shape: AnyObject<'ctx>,
-    shape_ty: Type,
 ) -> NDArrayObject<'ctx>
 where
     G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized,
 {
-    let (_, shape) = parse_numpy_int_sequence(generator, ctx, shape, shape_ty);
+    let (_, shape) = parse_numpy_int_sequence(generator, ctx, shape);
 
     let ndarray =
         NDArrayObject::alloca_uninitialized_of_type(generator, ctx, ndarray_ty, "ndarray");
@@ -120,10 +122,11 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_empty<'ctx>(
     // Parse arguments
     let shape_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
     let shape = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, shape_ty)?;
+    let shape = AnyObject { ty: shape_ty, value: shape };
 
     // Implementation
     let ndarray_ty = fun.0.ret;
-    let ndarray = create_empty_ndarray(generator, ctx, ndarray_ty, shape, shape_ty);
+    let ndarray = create_empty_ndarray(generator, ctx, ndarray_ty, shape);
 
     Ok(ndarray.instance.value.as_basic_value_enum())
 }
@@ -142,10 +145,11 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_zeros<'ctx>(
     // Parse arguments
     let shape_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
     let shape = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, shape_ty)?;
+    let shape = AnyObject { ty: shape_ty, value: shape };
 
     // Implementation
     let ndarray_ty = fun.0.ret;
-    let ndarray = create_empty_ndarray(generator, ctx, ndarray_ty, shape, shape_ty);
+    let ndarray = create_empty_ndarray(generator, ctx, ndarray_ty, shape);
 
     let fill_value = ndarray_zero_value(generator, ctx, ndarray.dtype);
     ndarray.fill(generator, ctx, fill_value);
@@ -167,10 +171,11 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_ones<'ctx>(
     // Parse arguments
     let shape_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
     let shape = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, shape_ty)?;
+    let shape = AnyObject { ty: shape_ty, value: shape };
 
     // Implementation
     let ndarray_ty = fun.0.ret;
-    let ndarray = create_empty_ndarray(generator, ctx, ndarray_ty, shape, shape_ty);
+    let ndarray = create_empty_ndarray(generator, ctx, ndarray_ty, shape);
 
     let fill_value = ndarray_one_value(generator, ctx, ndarray.dtype);
     ndarray.fill(generator, ctx, fill_value);
@@ -192,6 +197,7 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_full<'ctx>(
     // Parse argument #1 shape
     let shape_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
     let shape = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, shape_ty)?;
+    let shape = AnyObject { ty: shape_ty, value: shape };
 
     // Parse argument #2 fill_value
     let fill_value_ty = fun.0.args[1].ty;
@@ -199,7 +205,7 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_full<'ctx>(
 
     // Implementation
     let ndarray_ty = fun.0.ret;
-    let ndarray = create_empty_ndarray(generator, ctx, ndarray_ty, shape, shape_ty);
+    let ndarray = create_empty_ndarray(generator, ctx, ndarray_ty, shape);
 
     ndarray.fill(generator, ctx, fill_value);
 
@@ -220,10 +226,12 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_broadcast_to<'ctx>(
     // Parse argument #1 input
     let input_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
     let input = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, input_ty)?;
+    let input = AnyObject { ty: input_ty, value: input };
 
     // Parse argument #2 shape
     let shape_ty = fun.0.args[1].ty;
     let shape = args[1].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, shape_ty)?;
+    let shape = AnyObject { ty: shape_ty, value: shape };
 
     // Define models
     let sizet_model = IntModel(SizeT);
@@ -234,11 +242,10 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_broadcast_to<'ctx>(
     let broadcast_ndims = extract_ndims(&ctx.unifier, broadcast_ndims_ty);
 
     // Process `input`
-    let in_ndarray =
+    let in_ndarray = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, input).as_ndarray(generator, ctx);
-        split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, input, input_ty).as_ndarray(generator, ctx);
 
     // Process `shape`
-    let (_, broadcast_shape) = parse_numpy_int_sequence(generator, ctx, shape, shape_ty);
+    let (_, broadcast_shape) = parse_numpy_int_sequence(generator, ctx, shape);
     // NOTE: shape.size should equal to `broadcasted_ndims`.
     let broadcast_ndims_llvm = sizet_model.constant(generator, ctx.ctx, broadcast_ndims);
     call_nac3_ndarray_util_assert_shape_no_negative(
@@ -269,23 +276,24 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_reshape<'ctx>(
     // Parse argument #1 input
     let input_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
     let input = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, input_ty)?;
+    let input = AnyObject { ty: input_ty, value: input };
 
     // Parse argument #2 shape
     let shape_ty = fun.0.args[1].ty;
     let shape = args[1].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, shape_ty)?;
+    let shape = AnyObject { ty: shape_ty, value: shape };
 
     // Extract reshaped_ndims
     let (_, reshaped_ndims_ty) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, fun.0.ret);
     let reshaped_ndims = extract_ndims(&ctx.unifier, reshaped_ndims_ty);
 
     // Process `input`
-    let in_ndarray =
+    let in_ndarray = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, input).as_ndarray(generator, ctx);
-        split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, input, input_ty).as_ndarray(generator, ctx);
 
     // Process the shape input from user and resolve negative indices.
     // The resulting `new_shape`'s size should be equal to reshaped_ndims.
     // This is ensured by the typechecker.
-    let (_, new_shape) = parse_numpy_int_sequence(generator, ctx, shape, shape_ty);
+    let (_, new_shape) = parse_numpy_int_sequence(generator, ctx, shape);
     let reshaped_ndarray = in_ndarray.reshape_or_copy(generator, ctx, reshaped_ndims, new_shape);
 
     Ok(reshaped_ndarray.instance.value.as_basic_value_enum())
@@ -354,8 +362,8 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_size<'ctx>(
 
     let ndarray_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
     let ndarray = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, ndarray_ty)?;
-
+    let ndarray = AnyObject { ty: ndarray_ty, value: ndarray };
-    let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_value_and_type(generator, ctx, ndarray, ndarray_ty);
+    let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_object(generator, ctx, ndarray);
 
     let size = ndarray.size(generator, ctx).truncate(generator, ctx, Int32, "size");
     Ok(size.value.as_basic_value_enum())
@@ -375,14 +383,15 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_shape<'ctx>(
     // Parse argument #1 ndarray
     let ndarray_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
     let ndarray = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, ndarray_ty)?;
+    let ndarray = AnyObject { ty: ndarray_ty, value: ndarray };
 
     // Define models
     let sizet_model = IntModel(SizeT);
 
     // Process ndarray
-    let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_value_and_type(generator, ctx, ndarray, ndarray_ty);
+    let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_object(generator, ctx, ndarray);
 
-    let mut items = Vec::with_capacity(ndarray.ndims as usize);
+    let mut objects = Vec::with_capacity(ndarray.ndims as usize);
 
     for i in 0..ndarray.ndims {
         let i = sizet_model.constant(generator, ctx.ctx, i);
@@ -392,10 +401,11 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_shape<'ctx>(
             .ix(generator, ctx, i.value, "dim");
         let dim = dim.truncate(generator, ctx, Int32, "dim"); // TODO: keep using SizeT
 
-        items.push((dim.value.as_basic_value_enum(), ctx.primitives.int32));
+        objects
+            .push(AnyObject { ty: ctx.primitives.int32, value: dim.value.as_basic_value_enum() });
     }
 
-    let shape = TupleObject::create(generator, ctx, items, "shape");
+    let shape = TupleObject::create(generator, ctx, objects, "shape");
     Ok(shape.value.as_basic_value_enum())
 }
 
@@ -407,7 +417,7 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_strides<'ctx>(
     args: &[(Option<StrRef>, ValueEnum<'ctx>)],
     generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
 ) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    // TODO: This function looks exactly like `gen_ndarray_shapes`, code duplication?
+    // TODO: Code duplication: This function looks exactly like `gen_ndarray_shapes`.
 
     assert!(obj.is_none());
     assert_eq!(args.len(), 1);
@@ -415,14 +425,15 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_strides<'ctx>(
     // Parse argument #1 ndarray
     let ndarray_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
     let ndarray = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, ndarray_ty)?;
+    let ndarray = AnyObject { ty: ndarray_ty, value: ndarray };
 
     // Define models
     let sizet_model = IntModel(SizeT);
 
     // Process ndarray
-    let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_value_and_type(generator, ctx, ndarray, ndarray_ty);
+    let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_object(generator, ctx, ndarray);
 
-    let mut items = Vec::with_capacity(ndarray.ndims as usize);
+    let mut objects = Vec::with_capacity(ndarray.ndims as usize);
 
     for i in 0..ndarray.ndims {
         let i = sizet_model.constant(generator, ctx.ctx, i);
@@ -432,10 +443,11 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_strides<'ctx>(
             .ix(generator, ctx, i.value, "dim");
         let dim = dim.truncate(generator, ctx, Int32, "dim"); // TODO: keep using SizeT
 
-        items.push((dim.value.as_basic_value_enum(), ctx.primitives.int32));
+        objects
+            .push(AnyObject { ty: ctx.primitives.int32, value: dim.value.as_basic_value_enum() });
     }
 
-    let strides = TupleObject::create(generator, ctx, items, "strides");
+    let strides = TupleObject::create(generator, ctx, objects, "strides");
     Ok(strides.value.as_basic_value_enum())
 }
 
@@ -458,20 +470,23 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_transpose<'ctx>(
     // Parse argument #1 ndarray
     let ndarray_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
     let ndarray = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, ndarray_ty)?;
+    let ndarray = AnyObject { ty: ndarray_ty, value: ndarray };
 
     // Implementation
-    let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_value_and_type(generator, ctx, ndarray, ndarray_ty);
+    let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_object(generator, ctx, ndarray);
 
     let has_axes = args.len() >= 2;
     let transposed_ndarray = if has_axes {
         // Parse argument #2 axes
         let in_axes_ty = fun.0.args[1].ty;
         let in_axes = args[1].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, in_axes_ty)?;
+        let in_axes = AnyObject { ty: in_axes_ty, value: in_axes };
 
-        let (_, axes) = parse_numpy_int_sequence(generator, ctx, in_axes, in_axes_ty);
+        let (_, axes) = parse_numpy_int_sequence(generator, ctx, in_axes);
 
         ndarray.transpose(generator, ctx, Some(axes))
     } else {
+        // axes is not given
         ndarray.transpose(generator, ctx, None)
     };
 
@@ -488,8 +503,9 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_array<'ctx>(
     assert!(obj.is_none());
     assert!(matches!(args.len(), 1..=3));
 
-    let obj_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
+    let object_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
-    let obj_arg = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, obj_ty)?;
+    let object = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, object_ty)?;
+    let object = AnyObject { ty: object_ty, value: object };
 
     let copy_arg = if let Some(arg) =
         args.iter().find(|arg| arg.0.is_some_and(|name| name == fun.0.args[1].name))
@@ -513,7 +529,7 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_array<'ctx>(
     let copy = IntModel(Byte).check_value(generator, ctx.ctx, copy_arg).unwrap(); // NAC3 booleans are i8
     let copy = copy.truncate(generator, ctx, Bool, "copy_bool");
 
-    let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_np_array(generator, ctx, obj_arg, obj_ty, copy);
+    let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_np_array(generator, ctx, object, copy);
     debug_assert!(ndarray.ndims <= output_ndims); // Sanity check on `ndims`
 
     let ndarray = ndarray.atleast_nd(generator, ctx, output_ndims);

nac3core/src/codegen/object/list.rs

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ use crate::{
     typecheck::typedef::{iter_type_vars, Type, TypeEnum},
 };
 
+use super::AnyObject;
+
 /// A NAC3 Python List object.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 pub struct ListObject<'ctx> {
@@ -15,21 +17,20 @@ pub struct ListObject<'ctx> {
 
 impl<'ctx> ListObject<'ctx> {
     /// Create a [`ListObject`] from an LLVM value and its typechecker [`Type`].
-    pub fn from_value_and_type<V: BasicValue<'ctx>, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
+    pub fn from_object<G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         generator: &mut G,
         ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-        list_val: V,
+        object: AnyObject<'ctx>,
-        list_type: Type,
     ) -> Self {
         // Check typechecker type and extract `item_type`
-        let item_type = match &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(list_type) {
+        let item_type = match &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(object.ty) {
             TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, params, .. }
                 if *obj_id == ctx.primitives.list.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).unwrap() =>
             {
                 iter_type_vars(params).next().unwrap().ty // Extract `item_type`
             }
             _ => {
-                panic!("Expecting type to be a list, but got {}", ctx.unifier.stringify(list_type))
+                panic!("Expecting type to be a list, but got {}", ctx.unifier.stringify(object.ty))
             }
         };
 
@@ -37,7 +38,7 @@ impl<'ctx> ListObject<'ctx> {
         let plist_model = PtrModel(StructModel(List { item: item_model }));
 
         // Create object
-        let value = plist_model.check_value(generator, ctx.ctx, list_val).unwrap();
+        let value = plist_model.check_value(generator, ctx.ctx, object.value).unwrap();
         ListObject { item_type, instance: value }
     }
 

nac3core/src/codegen/object/mod.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,13 @@
+use inkwell::values::BasicValueEnum;
+
+use crate::typecheck::typedef::Type;
+
 pub mod list;
 pub mod ndarray;
 pub mod tuple;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
+pub struct AnyObject<'ctx> {
+    pub ty: Type,
+    pub value: BasicValueEnum<'ctx>,
+}

nac3core/src/codegen/object/ndarray/array.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
-use inkwell::values::BasicValueEnum;
-
 use super::NDArrayObject;
 use crate::{
     codegen::{
         irrt::{call_nac3_array_set_and_validate_list_shape, call_nac3_array_write_list_to_array},
         model::*,
-        object::list::ListObject,
+        object::{list::ListObject, AnyObject},
         stmt::gen_if_else_expr_callback,
         CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator,
     },
@@ -26,7 +24,7 @@ fn get_list_object_dtype_and_ndims<'ctx>(
 }
 
 impl<'ctx> NDArrayObject<'ctx> {
-    fn from_np_array_list_copy<G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
+    fn from_np_array_list_copy_impl<G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         generator: &mut G,
         ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
         list: ListObject<'ctx>,
@@ -59,7 +57,7 @@ impl<'ctx> NDArrayObject<'ctx> {
         ndarray
     }
 
-    fn from_np_array_list_try_no_copy<G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
+    fn from_np_array_list_try_no_copy_impl<G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         generator: &mut G,
         ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
         list: ListObject<'ctx>,
@@ -101,11 +99,11 @@ impl<'ctx> NDArrayObject<'ctx> {
             ndarray
         } else {
             // `list` is nested, it is impossible to not copy.
-            NDArrayObject::from_np_array_list_copy(generator, ctx, list)
+            NDArrayObject::from_np_array_list_copy_impl(generator, ctx, list)
         }
     }
 
-    fn from_np_array_list<G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
+    fn from_np_array_list_impl<G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         generator: &mut G,
         ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
         list: ListObject<'ctx>,
@@ -118,11 +116,12 @@ impl<'ctx> NDArrayObject<'ctx> {
             ctx,
             |_generator, _ctx| Ok(copy.value),
             |generator, ctx| {
-                let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_np_array_list_copy(generator, ctx, list);
+                let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_np_array_list_copy_impl(generator, ctx, list);
                 Ok(Some(ndarray.instance.value))
             },
             |generator, ctx| {
-                let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_np_array_list_try_no_copy(generator, ctx, list);
+                let ndarray =
+                    NDArrayObject::from_np_array_list_try_no_copy_impl(generator, ctx, list);
                 Ok(Some(ndarray.instance.value))
             },
         )
@@ -132,7 +131,7 @@ impl<'ctx> NDArrayObject<'ctx> {
         NDArrayObject::from_value_and_unpacked_types(generator, ctx, ndarray, dtype, ndims)
     }
 
-    fn from_np_array_ndarray<G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
+    pub fn from_np_array_ndarray_impl<G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         generator: &mut G,
         ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
         ndarray: NDArrayObject<'ctx>,
@@ -166,24 +165,23 @@ impl<'ctx> NDArrayObject<'ctx> {
     pub fn from_np_array<G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         generator: &mut G,
         ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-        object: BasicValueEnum<'ctx>,
+        object: AnyObject<'ctx>,
-        object_ty: Type,
         copy: Int<'ctx, Bool>,
     ) -> Self {
-        match &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(object_ty) {
+        match &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(object.ty) {
             TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. }
                 if *obj_id == ctx.primitives.list.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).unwrap() =>
             {
-                let list = ListObject::from_value_and_type(generator, ctx, object, object_ty);
+                let list = ListObject::from_object(generator, ctx, object);
-                NDArrayObject::from_np_array_list(generator, ctx, list, copy)
+                NDArrayObject::from_np_array_list_impl(generator, ctx, list, copy)
             }
             TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. }
                 if *obj_id == ctx.primitives.ndarray.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).unwrap() =>
             {
-                let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_value_and_type(generator, ctx, object, object_ty);
+                let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_object(generator, ctx, object);
-                NDArrayObject::from_np_array_ndarray(generator, ctx, ndarray, copy)
+                NDArrayObject::from_np_array_ndarray_impl(generator, ctx, ndarray, copy)
             }
-            _ => panic!("Unrecognized object type: {}", ctx.unifier.stringify(object_ty)), // Typechecker ensures this
+            _ => panic!("Unrecognized object type: {}", ctx.unifier.stringify(object.ty)), // Typechecker ensures this
         }
     }
 }

nac3core/src/codegen/object/ndarray/mod.rs

@@ -35,6 +35,8 @@ use inkwell::{
 use scalar::{ScalarObject, ScalarOrNDArray};
 use util::{call_memcpy_model, gen_for_model_auto};
 
+use super::AnyObject;
+
 /// A NAC3 Python ndarray object.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
 pub struct NDArrayObject<'ctx> {
@@ -45,18 +47,17 @@ pub struct NDArrayObject<'ctx> {
 
 impl<'ctx> NDArrayObject<'ctx> {
     /// Create an [`NDArrayObject`] from an LLVM value and its typechecker [`Type`].
-    pub fn from_value_and_type<V: BasicValue<'ctx>, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
+    pub fn from_object<G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         generator: &mut G,
         ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-        value: V,
+        object: AnyObject<'ctx>,
-        ty: Type,
     ) -> Self {
-        let (dtype, ndims) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, ty);
+        let (dtype, ndims) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, object.ty);
         let ndims = extract_ndims(&ctx.unifier, ndims);
-        Self::from_value_and_unpacked_types(generator, ctx, value, dtype, ndims)
+        Self::from_value_and_unpacked_types(generator, ctx, object.value, dtype, ndims)
     }
 
-    /// Like [`NDArrayObject::from_value_and_type`] but you directly supply the ndarray's
+    /// Like [`NDArrayObject::from_object`] but you directly supply the ndarray's
     /// `dtype` and `ndims`.
     pub fn from_value_and_unpacked_types<V: BasicValue<'ctx>, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         generator: &mut G,

nac3core/src/codegen/object/ndarray/scalar.rs

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 use inkwell::values::{BasicValue, BasicValueEnum};
 
 use crate::{
-    codegen::{model::*, CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator},
+    codegen::{model::*, object::AnyObject, CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator},
     typecheck::typedef::{Type, TypeEnum},
 };
 
@@ -120,23 +120,22 @@ impl<'ctx> TryFrom<&ScalarOrNDArray<'ctx>> for NDArrayObject<'ctx> {
     }
 }
 
-/// Split an [`BasicValueEnum<'ctx>`] into a [`ScalarOrNDArray`] depending
+/// Split an [`AnyObject`] into a [`ScalarOrNDArray`] depending
 /// on its [`Type`].
 pub fn split_scalar_or_ndarray<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     generator: &mut G,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    input: BasicValueEnum<'ctx>,
+    object: AnyObject<'ctx>,
-    input_ty: Type,
 ) -> ScalarOrNDArray<'ctx> {
-    match &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(input_ty) {
+    match &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(object.ty) {
         TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. }
             if *obj_id == ctx.primitives.ndarray.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).unwrap() =>
         {
-            let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_value_and_type(generator, ctx, input, input_ty);
+            let ndarray = NDArrayObject::from_object(generator, ctx, object);
             ScalarOrNDArray::NDArray(ndarray)
         }
         _ => {
-            let scalar = ScalarObject { dtype: input_ty, instance: input };
+            let scalar = ScalarObject { dtype: object.ty, instance: object.value };
             ScalarOrNDArray::Scalar(scalar)
         }
     }

nac3core/src/codegen/object/ndarray/shape_util.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
-use inkwell::values::BasicValueEnum;
 use util::gen_for_model_auto;
 
 use crate::{
-    codegen::{model::*, object::list::ListObject, CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator},
+    codegen::{
-    typecheck::typedef::{Type, TypeEnum},
+        model::*,
+        object::{list::ListObject, tuple::TupleObject, AnyObject},
+        CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator,
+    },
+    typecheck::typedef::TypeEnum,
 };
 
 /// Parse a NumPy-like "int sequence" input and return the int sequence as an array and its length.
@@ -20,8 +23,7 @@ use crate::{
 pub fn parse_numpy_int_sequence<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     generator: &mut G,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    input_sequence: BasicValueEnum<'ctx>,
+    input_sequence: AnyObject<'ctx>,
-    input_sequence_ty: Type,
 ) -> (Int<'ctx, SizeT>, Ptr<'ctx, IntModel<SizeT>>) {
     let sizet_model = IntModel(SizeT);
 
@@ -29,15 +31,14 @@ pub fn parse_numpy_int_sequence<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     let one = sizet_model.const_1(generator, ctx.ctx);
 
     // The result `list` to return.
-    match &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(input_sequence_ty) {
+    match &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(input_sequence.ty) {
         TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. }
             if *obj_id == ctx.primitives.list.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).unwrap() =>
         {
             // 1. A list of `int32`; e.g., `np.empty([600, 800, 3])`
 
             // Check `input_sequence`
-            let input_sequence =
+            let input_sequence = ListObject::from_object(generator, ctx, input_sequence);
-                ListObject::from_value_and_type(generator, ctx, input_sequence, input_sequence_ty);
 
             let len = input_sequence.instance.gep(ctx, |f| f.len).load(generator, ctx, "len");
             let result = sizet_model.array_alloca(generator, ctx, len.value, "int_sequence");
@@ -66,20 +67,17 @@ pub fn parse_numpy_int_sequence<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         }
         TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: tuple_types, .. } => {
             // 2. A tuple of ints; e.g., `np.empty((600, 800, 3))`
-            let input_sequence = input_sequence.into_struct_value(); // A tuple is a struct
 
-            let len_int = tuple_types.len();
+            let input_sequence = TupleObject::from_object(ctx, input_sequence);
 
+            let len_int = input_sequence.len();
             let len = sizet_model.constant(generator, ctx.ctx, len_int as u64);
+
             let result = sizet_model.array_alloca(generator, ctx, len.value, "int_sequence");
 
             for i in 0..len_int {
                 // Get the i-th element off of the tuple and load it into `result`.
-                let int = ctx
+                let int = input_sequence.get(ctx, i, "dim").value.into_int_value();
-                    .builder
-                    .build_extract_value(input_sequence, i as u32, "int")
-                    .unwrap()
-                    .into_int_value();
                 let int = sizet_model.s_extend_or_bit_cast(generator, ctx, int, "int");
 
                 let offset = sizet_model.constant(generator, ctx.ctx, i as u64);
@@ -92,7 +90,7 @@ pub fn parse_numpy_int_sequence<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
             if *obj_id == ctx.primitives.int32.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).unwrap() =>
         {
             // 3. A scalar int; e.g., `np.empty(3)`, this is functionally equivalent to `np.empty([3])`
-            let input_int = input_sequence.into_int_value();
+            let input_int = input_sequence.value.into_int_value();
 
             let len = sizet_model.const_1(generator, ctx.ctx);
             let result = sizet_model.array_alloca(generator, ctx, len.value, "int_sequence");
@@ -106,7 +104,7 @@ pub fn parse_numpy_int_sequence<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         }
         _ => panic!(
             "encountered unknown sequence type: {}",
-            ctx.unifier.stringify(input_sequence_ty)
+            ctx.unifier.stringify(input_sequence.ty)
         ),
     }
 }

nac3core/src/codegen/object/tuple.rs

@@ -1,34 +1,68 @@
-use inkwell::values::{BasicValueEnum, StructValue};
+use core::panic;
+
+use inkwell::values::StructValue;
 use itertools::Itertools;
 
 use crate::{
     codegen::{CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator},
-    typecheck::typedef::Type,
+    typecheck::typedef::{Type, TypeEnum},
 };
 
+use super::AnyObject;
+
+/// A NAC3 tuple object.
+///
+/// NOTE: This struct has no copy trait.
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct TupleObject<'ctx> {
+    /// The type of the tuple.
     pub tys: Vec<Type>,
+    /// The underlying LLVM value of this tuple.
     pub value: StructValue<'ctx>,
 }
 
 impl<'ctx> TupleObject<'ctx> {
+    // NOTE: There is no Model abstraction for Tuples. Everything has to be done raw with Inkwell.
+
+    pub fn from_object(ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>, object: AnyObject<'ctx>) -> Self {
+        // TODO: Keep `is_vararg_ctx` from TTuple?
+        let TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: tys, .. } = &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(object.ty) else {
+            panic!(
+                "Expected type to be a TypeEnum::TTuple, got {}",
+                ctx.unifier.stringify(object.ty)
+            );
+        };
+
+        let value = object.value.into_struct_value();
+        if value.get_type().count_fields() as usize != tys.len() {
+            panic!(
+                "Tuple type has {} item(s), but the LLVM struct value has {} field(s)",
+                tys.len(),
+                value.get_type().count_fields()
+            );
+        }
+
+        TupleObject { tys: tys.clone(), value }
+    }
+
+    /// Convenience function. Create a [`TupleObject`] from an iterator of objects.
     pub fn create<I, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         generator: &mut G,
         ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-        items: I,
+        objects: I,
         name: &str,
     ) -> Self
     where
-        I: IntoIterator<Item = (BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, Type)>,
+        I: IntoIterator<Item = AnyObject<'ctx>>,
     {
-        let (vals, tys): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) = items.into_iter().unzip();
+        let (values, tys): (Vec<_>, Vec<_>) =
+            objects.into_iter().map(|object| (object.value, object.ty)).unzip();
 
-        // let tuple_ty = ctx.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: tys });
         let llvm_tys = tys.iter().map(|ty| ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, *ty)).collect_vec();
         let llvm_tuple_ty = ctx.ctx.struct_type(&llvm_tys, false);
+
         let pllvm_tuple = ctx.builder.build_alloca(llvm_tuple_ty, "tuple").unwrap();
-        for (i, val) in vals.into_iter().enumerate() {
+        for (i, val) in values.into_iter().enumerate() {
-            // Store the dim value into the tuple
             let pval = ctx.builder.build_struct_gep(pllvm_tuple, i as u32, "value").unwrap();
             ctx.builder.build_store(pval, val).unwrap();
         }
@@ -36,4 +70,22 @@ impl<'ctx> TupleObject<'ctx> {
         let value = ctx.builder.build_load(pllvm_tuple, name).unwrap().into_struct_value();
         TupleObject { tys, value }
     }
+
+    /// Get the `len()` of this tuple.
+    ///
+    /// We statically know the lengths of tuples in NAC3.
+    pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
+        self.tys.len()
+    }
+
+    /// Get the `i`-th (0-based) object in this tuple.
+    pub fn get(&self, ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>, i: usize, name: &str) -> AnyObject<'ctx> {
+        if i >= self.len() {
+            panic!("Tuple object with length {} have index {i}", self.len());
+        }
+
+        let value = ctx.builder.build_extract_value(self.value, i as u32, name).unwrap();
+        let ty = self.tys[i];
+        AnyObject { value, ty }
+    }
 }

nac3core/src/codegen/stmt.rs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ use super::model::*;
 use super::object::ndarray::indexing::util::gen_ndarray_subscript_ndindexes;
 use super::object::ndarray::scalar::split_scalar_or_ndarray;
 use super::object::ndarray::NDArrayObject;
+use super::object::AnyObject;
 use super::{
     super::symbol_resolver::ValueEnum,
     expr::destructure_range,
@@ -411,13 +412,14 @@ pub fn gen_setitem<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator>(
                 .gen_expr(ctx, target)?
                 .unwrap()
                 .to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, target_ty)?;
-            let target = NDArrayObject::from_value_and_type(generator, ctx, target, target_ty);
+            let target = AnyObject { value: target, ty: target_ty };
 
             // Process key
             let key = gen_ndarray_subscript_ndindexes(generator, ctx, key)?;
 
             // Process value
             let value = value.to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, value_ty)?;
+            let value = AnyObject { value, ty: value_ty };
 
             /*
                 Reference code:
@@ -433,9 +435,10 @@ pub fn gen_setitem<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator>(
                 ...and finally copy 1-1 from value to target.
                 ```
             */
+            let target = NDArrayObject::from_object(generator, ctx, target);
             let target = target.index(generator, ctx, &key, "assign_target_ndarray");
-            let value =
+
-                split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, value, value_ty).as_ndarray(generator, ctx);
+            let value = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, value).as_ndarray(generator, ctx);
 
             let broadcast_result = NDArrayObject::broadcast(generator, ctx, &[target, value]);
 

nac3core/src/toplevel/builtins.rs

@@ -18,9 +18,12 @@ use crate::{
         extern_fns, irrt, llvm_intrinsics,
         numpy::*,
         numpy_new::{self, gen_ndarray_transpose},
-        object::ndarray::{
+        object::{
-            functions::{FloorOrCeil, MinOrMax},
+            ndarray::{
-            scalar::{split_scalar_or_ndarray, ScalarObject, ScalarOrNDArray},
+                functions::{FloorOrCeil, MinOrMax},
+                scalar::{split_scalar_or_ndarray, ScalarObject, ScalarOrNDArray},
+            },
+            AnyObject,
         },
         stmt::exn_constructor,
     },
@@ -1080,6 +1083,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                 move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
                     let arg_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
                     let arg = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, arg_ty)?;
+                    let arg = AnyObject { ty: arg_ty, value: arg };
 
                     let ret_dtype = match prim {
                         PrimDef::FunInt32 => ctx.primitives.int32,
@@ -1091,7 +1095,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                         _ => unreachable!(),
                     };
 
-                    let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, arg, arg_ty).map(
+                    let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, arg).map(
                         generator,
                         ctx,
                         ret_dtype,
@@ -1158,10 +1162,11 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
                 let arg_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
                 let arg = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, arg_ty)?;
+                let arg = AnyObject { ty: arg_ty, value: arg };
 
                 let ret_int_dtype = size_variant.of_int(&ctx.primitives);
 
-                let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, arg, arg_ty).map(
+                let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, arg).map(
                     generator,
                     ctx,
                     ret_int_dtype,
@@ -1225,8 +1230,9 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
                 let arg_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
                 let arg = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, arg_ty)?;
+                let arg = AnyObject { ty: arg_ty, value: arg };
 
-                let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, arg, arg_ty).map(
+                let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, arg).map(
                     generator,
                     ctx,
                     int_sized,
@@ -1618,6 +1624,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
                 let arg_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
                 let arg = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, arg_ty)?;
+                let arg = AnyObject { ty: arg_ty, value: arg };
 
                 let kind = match prim {
                     PrimDef::FunNpFloor => FloorOrCeil::Floor,
@@ -1625,7 +1632,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                     _ => unreachable!(),
                 };
 
-                let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, arg, arg_ty).map(
+                let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, arg).map(
                     generator,
                     ctx,
                     ctx.primitives.float,
@@ -1652,8 +1659,9 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             Box::new(|ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
                 let arg_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
                 let arg = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, arg_ty)?;
+                let arg = AnyObject { ty: arg_ty, value: arg };
 
-                let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, arg, arg_ty).map(
+                let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, arg).map(
                     generator,
                     ctx,
                     ctx.primitives.float,
@@ -1790,8 +1798,9 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
                 let a_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
                 let a = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, a_ty)?;
+                let a = AnyObject { ty: a_ty, value: a };
 
-                let a = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, a, a_ty).as_ndarray(generator, ctx);
+                let a = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, a).as_ndarray(generator, ctx);
                 let result = match prim {
                     PrimDef::FunNpArgmin => a
                         .argmin_or_argmax(generator, ctx, MinOrMax::Min)
@@ -1845,9 +1854,12 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             codegen_callback: Some(Arc::new(GenCall::new(Box::new(
                 move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
                     let x1_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
-                    let x2_ty = fun.0.args[1].ty;
                     let x1_val = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x1_ty)?;
+                    let x1 = AnyObject { ty: x1_ty, value: x1_val };
+
+                    let x2_ty = fun.0.args[1].ty;
                     let x2_val = args[1].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x2_ty)?;
+                    let x2 = AnyObject { ty: x2_ty, value: x2_val };
 
                     let kind = match prim {
                         PrimDef::FunNpMinimum => MinOrMax::Min,
@@ -1855,8 +1867,8 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                         _ => unreachable!(),
                     };
 
-                    let x1 = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, x1_val, x1_ty);
+                    let x1 = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, x1);
-                    let x2 = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, x2_val, x2_ty);
+                    let x2 = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, x2);
 
                     // NOTE: x1.dtype() and x2.dtype() should be the same
                     let common_ty = x1.dtype();
@@ -1907,8 +1919,9 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                 move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
                     let n_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
                     let n_val = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, n_ty)?;
+                    let n = AnyObject { ty: n_ty, value: n_val };
 
-                    let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, n_val, n_ty).map(
+                    let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, n).map(
                         generator,
                         ctx,
                         num_ty.ty,
@@ -1936,6 +1949,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
                 let x_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
                 let x_val = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x_ty)?;
+                let x = AnyObject { value: x_val, ty: x_ty };
 
                 let function = match prim {
                     PrimDef::FunNpIsInf => irrt::call_isnan,
@@ -1943,7 +1957,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                     _ => unreachable!(),
                 };
 
-                let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, x_val, x_ty).map(
+                let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, x).map(
                     generator,
                     ctx,
                     ctx.primitives.bool,
@@ -2010,8 +2024,9 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
                 let arg_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
                 let arg_val = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, arg_ty)?;
+                let arg = AnyObject { ty: arg_ty, value: arg_val };
 
-                let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, arg_val, arg_ty).map(
+                let result = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, arg).map(
                     generator,
                     ctx,
                     ctx.primitives.float,
@@ -2126,12 +2141,14 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                 move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
                     let x1_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
                     let x1_val = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x1_ty)?;
+                    let x1 = AnyObject { ty: x1_ty, value: x1_val };
 
                     let x2_ty = fun.0.args[1].ty;
                     let x2_val = args[1].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x2_ty)?;
+                    let x2 = AnyObject { ty: x2_ty, value: x2_val };
 
-                    let x1 = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, x1_val, x1_ty);
+                    let x1 = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, x1);
-                    let x2 = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, x2_val, x2_ty);
+                    let x2 = split_scalar_or_ndarray(generator, ctx, x2);
 
                     let result = ScalarOrNDArray::broadcasting_starmap(
                         generator,