[core] Add tracer runtime

nac3artiq/src/lib.rs

@@ -30,8 +30,9 @@ use tempfile::{self, TempDir};
 
 use nac3core::{
     codegen::{
-        concrete_type::ConcreteTypeStore, gen_func_impl, irrt::load_irrt, CodeGenLLVMOptions,
-        CodeGenTargetMachineOptions, CodeGenTask, CodeGenerator, WithCall, WorkerRegistry,
+        concrete_type::ConcreteTypeStore, gen_func_impl, irrt::load_irrt,
+        tracert::TraceRuntimeConfig, CodeGenLLVMOptions, CodeGenTargetMachineOptions, CodeGenTask,
+        CodeGenerator, WithCall, WorkerRegistry,
     },
     inkwell::{
         context::Context,
@@ -716,8 +717,13 @@ impl Nac3 {
         let membuffer = membuffers.clone();
         let mut has_return = false;
         py.allow_threads(|| {
-            let (registry, handles) =
-                WorkerRegistry::create_workers(threads, top_level.clone(), &self.llvm_options, &f);
+            let (registry, handles) = WorkerRegistry::create_workers(
+                threads,
+                top_level.clone(),
+                &self.llvm_options,
+                &TraceRuntimeConfig::default(),
+                &f,
+            );
 
             let mut generator = ArtiqCodeGenerator::new("main".to_string(), size_t, self.time_fns);
             let context = Context::create();

nac3core/Cargo.toml

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ edition = "2021"
 default = ["derive"]
 derive = ["dep:nac3core_derive"]
 no-escape-analysis = []
+tracing = []
 
 [dependencies]
 itertools = "0.13"
@@ -31,4 +32,5 @@ indoc = "2.0"
 insta = "=1.11.0"
 
 [build-dependencies]
+itertools = "0.13"
 regex = "1.10"

nac3core/build.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use std::ffi::OsStr;
 use std::{
     env,
     fs::File,
@@ -6,14 +7,28 @@ use std::{
     process::{Command, Stdio},
 };
 
+use itertools::Itertools;
 use regex::Regex;
 
-fn main() {
+struct IRRTCompilation<'a> {
+    pub file: &'a str,
+    pub gcc_options: Vec<&'a str>,
+    pub cargo_instructions: Vec<&'a str>,
+}
+
+/// Extracts the extension-less filename from a [`Path`].
+fn path_to_extless_filename(path: &Path) -> &str {
+    path.file_name().map(Path::new).and_then(Path::file_stem).and_then(OsStr::to_str).unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Compiles a source C file into LLVM bitcode.
+fn compile_file_to_ir(compile_opts: &IRRTCompilation) {
     let out_dir = env::var("OUT_DIR").unwrap();
-    let out_dir = Path::new(&out_dir);
+    let out_path = Path::new(&out_dir);
     let irrt_dir = Path::new("irrt");
 
-    let irrt_cpp_path = irrt_dir.join("irrt.cpp");
+    let path = Path::new(compile_opts.file);
+    let filename_without_ext = path_to_extless_filename(path);
 
     /*
      * HACK: Sadly, clang doesn't let us emit generic LLVM bitcode.
@@ -35,22 +50,22 @@ fn main() {
         "-",
         "-I",
         irrt_dir.to_str().unwrap(),
-        irrt_cpp_path.to_str().unwrap(),
     ];
 
+    // Apply custom flags from IRRTCompilation
+    flags.extend_from_slice(&compile_opts.gcc_options);
+
     match env::var("PROFILE").as_deref() {
-        Ok("debug") => {
-            flags.push("-O0");
-            flags.push("-DIRRT_DEBUG_ASSERT");
-        }
-        Ok("release") => {
-            flags.push("-O3");
-        }
+        Ok("debug") => flags.extend_from_slice(&["-O0", "-DIRRT_DEBUG_ASSERT"]),
+        Ok("release") => flags.push("-O3"),
         flavor => panic!("Unknown or missing build flavor {flavor:?}"),
     }
 
-    // Tell Cargo to rerun if any file under `irrt_dir` (recursive) changes
-    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed={}", irrt_dir.to_str().unwrap());
+    flags.push(path.to_str().unwrap());
+
+    // Tell Cargo to rerun if the main IRRT source is changed
+    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed={}", path.to_str().unwrap());
+    compile_opts.cargo_instructions.iter().for_each(|inst| println!("cargo::{inst}"));
 
     // Compile IRRT and capture the LLVM IR output
     let output = Command::new("clang-irrt")
@@ -61,8 +76,7 @@ fn main() {
         })
         .unwrap();
 
-    // https://github.com/rust-lang/regex/issues/244
-    let output = std::str::from_utf8(&output.stdout).unwrap().replace("\r\n", "\n");
+    let output = std::str::from_utf8(&output.stdout).unwrap();
     let mut filtered_output = String::with_capacity(output.len());
 
     // Filter out irrelevant IR
@@ -76,7 +90,7 @@ fn main() {
         r"(?ms:^define.*?\}$)|(?m:^declare.*?$)|(?m:^%.+?=\s*type\s*\{.+?\}$)|(?m:^@.+?=.+$)",
     )
     .unwrap();
-    for f in regex_filter.captures_iter(&output) {
+    for f in regex_filter.captures_iter(output) {
         assert_eq!(f.len(), 1);
         filtered_output.push_str(&f[0]);
         filtered_output.push('\n');
@@ -90,20 +104,47 @@ fn main() {
     // Doing `DEBUG_DUMP_IRRT=1 cargo build -p nac3core` dumps the LLVM IR generated
     const DEBUG_DUMP_IRRT: &str = "DEBUG_DUMP_IRRT";
     println!("cargo:rerun-if-env-changed={DEBUG_DUMP_IRRT}");
-    if env::var(DEBUG_DUMP_IRRT).is_ok() {
-        let mut file = File::create(out_dir.join("irrt.ll")).unwrap();
+    if env::var("DEBUG_DUMP_IRRT").is_ok() {
+        let mut file = File::create(out_path.join(format!("{filename_without_ext}.ll"))).unwrap();
         file.write_all(output.as_bytes()).unwrap();
 
-        let mut file = File::create(out_dir.join("irrt-filtered.ll")).unwrap();
+        let mut file =
+            File::create(out_path.join(format!("{filename_without_ext}-filtered.ll"))).unwrap();
         file.write_all(filtered_output.as_bytes()).unwrap();
     }
 
     let mut llvm_as = Command::new("llvm-as-irrt")
         .stdin(Stdio::piped())
         .arg("-o")
-        .arg(out_dir.join("irrt.bc"))
+        .arg(out_path.join(format!("{filename_without_ext}.bc")))
         .spawn()
         .unwrap();
     llvm_as.stdin.as_mut().unwrap().write_all(filtered_output.as_bytes()).unwrap();
     assert!(llvm_as.wait().unwrap().success());
 }
+
+fn main() {
+    let irrt_compilations: &[IRRTCompilation] = &[
+        IRRTCompilation {
+            file: "irrt/irrt.cpp",
+            gcc_options: Vec::default(),
+            cargo_instructions: vec!["rerun-if-changed=irrt/irrt"],
+        },
+        IRRTCompilation {
+            file: "irrt/tracert.cpp",
+            gcc_options: Vec::default(),
+            cargo_instructions: Vec::default(),
+        },
+    ];
+
+    assert!(irrt_compilations
+        .iter()
+        .map(|comp| comp.file)
+        .map(Path::new)
+        .map(path_to_extless_filename)
+        .all_unique());
+
+    for path in irrt_compilations {
+        compile_file_to_ir(path)
+    }
+}

nac3core/irrt/tracert.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+extern "C" {
+// stdio.h
+int printf(const char *format, ...);
+}  // extern "C"

nac3core/src/codegen/extern_fns.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
+use std::iter::once;
+
 use inkwell::{
     attributes::{Attribute, AttributeLoc},
-    values::{BasicValueEnum, CallSiteValue, FloatValue, IntValue},
+    values::{BasicValue, BasicValueEnum, CallSiteValue, FloatValue, IntValue},
+    AddressSpace,
 };
-use itertools::Either;
+use itertools::{Either, Itertools};
 
 use super::CodeGenContext;
 
@@ -191,3 +194,49 @@ generate_linalg_extern_fn!(call_np_linalg_det, "np_linalg_det", 2);
 generate_linalg_extern_fn!(call_sp_linalg_lu, "sp_linalg_lu", 3);
 generate_linalg_extern_fn!(call_sp_linalg_schur, "sp_linalg_schur", 3);
 generate_linalg_extern_fn!(call_sp_linalg_hessenberg, "sp_linalg_hessenberg", 3);
+
+/// Invokes the `printf` function.
+pub fn call_printf<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    format: &str,
+    args: &[BasicValueEnum<'ctx>],
+) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "printf";
+
+    let llvm_i8 = ctx.ctx.i8_type();
+    let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
+    let llvm_pi8 = llvm_i8.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_i32.fn_type(&[llvm_pi8.into()], true);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        for attr in ["nofree", "nounwind"] {
+            func.add_attribute(
+                AttributeLoc::Function,
+                ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
+            );
+        }
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    let pformat = ctx
+        .builder
+        .build_global_string_ptr(&format!("{format}\0"), "")
+        .map(|v| v.as_basic_value_enum())
+        .map(BasicValueEnum::into_pointer_value)
+        .unwrap();
+
+    let fn_args = once(&pformat.as_basic_value_enum())
+        .chain(args)
+        .copied()
+        .map(BasicValueEnum::into)
+        .collect_vec();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, fn_args.as_slice(), "")
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}

nac3core/src/codegen/mod.rs

@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ use crate::{
 };
 use concrete_type::{ConcreteType, ConcreteTypeEnum, ConcreteTypeStore};
 pub use generator::{CodeGenerator, DefaultCodeGenerator};
+use tracert::{TraceRuntimeConfig, TraceRuntimeState};
 use types::{ListType, NDArrayType, ProxyType, RangeType};
 
 pub mod builtin_fns;
@@ -49,6 +50,7 @@ pub mod irrt;
 pub mod llvm_intrinsics;
 pub mod numpy;
 pub mod stmt;
+pub mod tracert;
 pub mod types;
 pub mod values;
 
@@ -220,6 +222,8 @@ pub struct CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a> {
     /// See [`need_sret`].
     pub need_sret: bool,
 
+    pub tracert_state: Option<TraceRuntimeState>,
+
     /// The current source location.
     pub current_loc: Location,
 }
@@ -267,6 +271,8 @@ pub struct WorkerRegistry {
 
     /// LLVM-related options for code generation.
     pub llvm_options: CodeGenLLVMOptions,
+
+    tracert_config: TraceRuntimeConfig,
 }
 
 impl WorkerRegistry {
@@ -276,6 +282,7 @@ impl WorkerRegistry {
         generators: Vec<Box<G>>,
         top_level_ctx: Arc<TopLevelContext>,
         llvm_options: &CodeGenLLVMOptions,
+        tracert_config: &TraceRuntimeConfig,
         f: &Arc<WithCall>,
     ) -> (Arc<WorkerRegistry>, Vec<thread::JoinHandle<()>>) {
         let (sender, receiver) = unbounded();
@@ -297,6 +304,7 @@ impl WorkerRegistry {
             wait_condvar,
             top_level_ctx,
             llvm_options: llvm_options.clone(),
+            tracert_config: tracert_config.clone(),
         });
 
         let mut handles = Vec::new();
@@ -980,6 +988,13 @@ pub fn gen_func_impl<
         unifier,
         static_value_store,
         need_sret: has_sret,
+        tracert_state: if cfg!(feature = "tracing")
+            || registry.tracert_config.enabled_tags.is_empty()
+        {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(TraceRuntimeState::create(registry.tracert_config.clone()))
+        },
         current_loc: Location::default(),
         debug_info: (dibuilder, compile_unit, func_scope.as_debug_info_scope()),
     };

nac3core/src/codegen/test.rs

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ use parking_lot::RwLock;
 
 use super::{
     concrete_type::ConcreteTypeStore,
+    tracert::TraceRuntimeConfig,
     types::{ListType, NDArrayType, ProxyType, RangeType},
     CodeGenContext, CodeGenLLVMOptions, CodeGenTargetMachineOptions, CodeGenTask, CodeGenerator,
     DefaultCodeGenerator, WithCall, WorkerRegistry,
@@ -245,7 +246,13 @@ fn test_primitives() {
         opt_level: OptimizationLevel::Default,
         target: CodeGenTargetMachineOptions::from_host_triple(),
     };
-    let (registry, handles) = WorkerRegistry::create_workers(threads, top_level, &llvm_options, &f);
+    let (registry, handles) = WorkerRegistry::create_workers(
+        threads,
+        top_level,
+        &llvm_options,
+        &TraceRuntimeConfig::default(),
+        &f,
+    );
     registry.add_task(task);
     registry.wait_tasks_complete(handles);
 }
@@ -438,7 +445,13 @@ fn test_simple_call() {
         opt_level: OptimizationLevel::Default,
         target: CodeGenTargetMachineOptions::from_host_triple(),
     };
-    let (registry, handles) = WorkerRegistry::create_workers(threads, top_level, &llvm_options, &f);
+    let (registry, handles) = WorkerRegistry::create_workers(
+        threads,
+        top_level,
+        &llvm_options,
+        &TraceRuntimeConfig::default(),
+        &f,
+    );
     registry.add_task(task);
     registry.wait_tasks_complete(handles);
 }

nac3core/src/codegen/tracert/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+use std::panic::Location;
+
+use inkwell::context::Context;
+use inkwell::memory_buffer::MemoryBuffer;
+use inkwell::module::Module;
+use inkwell::values::BasicValueEnum;
+use inkwell::AtomicOrdering;
+
+use crate::codegen::{extern_fns, CodeGenContext};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct TraceRuntimeConfig {
+    pub enabled_tags: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Eq, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub struct TraceRuntimeState {
+    config: TraceRuntimeConfig,
+    indent: usize,
+}
+
+impl TraceRuntimeState {
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn create(config: TraceRuntimeConfig) -> TraceRuntimeState {
+        TraceRuntimeState { config, indent: 0 }
+    }
+}
+
+#[must_use]
+pub fn load_tracert<'ctx>(ctx: &'ctx Context, config: &TraceRuntimeConfig) -> Option<Module<'ctx>> {
+    if cfg!(feature = "tracing") && !config.enabled_tags.is_empty() {
+        let bitcode_buf = MemoryBuffer::create_from_memory_range(
+            include_bytes!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/tracert.bc")),
+            "tracert_bitcode_buffer",
+        );
+        let module = Module::parse_bitcode_from_buffer(&bitcode_buf, ctx).unwrap();
+
+        return Some(module);
+    }
+
+    None
+}
+
+// TODO: Might need to redesign how trace logging should be done
+
+pub fn trace_log<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    tag: &'static str,
+    format: &'static str,
+    args: &[BasicValueEnum<'ctx>],
+) {
+    if ctx.tracert_state.is_none() {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Add indentation
+    let str = format!("[TRACING] {tag} - {format}\n\0");
+    extern_fns::call_printf(ctx, &str, args);
+}
+
+#[track_caller]
+pub fn trace_log_with_location<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    tag: &'static str,
+    format: &str,
+    args: &[BasicValueEnum<'ctx>],
+) {
+    if ctx.tracert_state.is_none() {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Add indentation
+    let caller_loc = Location::caller();
+    let str = format!(
+        "[TRACING] {}:{}:{}: {tag} - {format}\n\0",
+        caller_loc.file(),
+        caller_loc.line(),
+        caller_loc.column()
+    );
+    extern_fns::call_printf(ctx, &str, args);
+}
+
+pub fn trace_push_level(ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'_, '_>) {
+    let Some(tracert_state) = &mut ctx.tracert_state else {
+        return;
+    };
+
+    debug_assert!(tracert_state.indent < usize::MAX);
+    if tracert_state.indent < usize::MAX {
+        tracert_state.indent = tracert_state.indent.saturating_add(1);
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn trace_pop_level(ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'_, '_>) {
+    let Some(tracert_state) = &mut ctx.tracert_state else {
+        return;
+    };
+
+    debug_assert!(tracert_state.indent > 0);
+    if tracert_state.indent > 0 {
+        tracert_state.indent = tracert_state.indent.saturating_sub(1);
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline]
+pub fn mfence(ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'_, '_>) {
+    if ctx.tracert_state.is_some() {
+        ctx.builder.build_fence(AtomicOrdering::SequentiallyConsistent, 0, "").unwrap();
+    }
+}

nac3standalone/Cargo.toml

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ edition = "2021"
 
 [features]
 no-escape-analysis = ["nac3core/no-escape-analysis"]
+tracing = ["nac3core/tracing"]
 
 [dependencies]
 parking_lot = "0.12"

nac3standalone/demo/demo.c

@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ struct cslice {
     size_t len;
 };
 
-void output_int32_list(struct cslice* slice) {
+void output_int32_list(const struct cslice* slice) {
     const int32_t* data = (int32_t*)slice->data;
 
     putchar('[');
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ void output_int32_list(struct cslice* slice) {
     putchar('\n');
 }
 
-void output_str(struct cslice* slice) {
+void output_str(const struct cslice* slice) {
     const char* data = (const char*)slice->data;
 
     for (size_t i = 0; i < slice->len; ++i) {
@@ -88,12 +88,12 @@ void output_str(struct cslice* slice) {
     }
 }
 
-void output_strln(struct cslice* slice) {
+void output_strln(const struct cslice* slice) {
     output_str(slice);
     putchar('\n');
 }
 
-uint64_t dbg_stack_address(__attribute__((unused)) struct cslice* slice) {
+uint64_t dbg_stack_address(__attribute__((unused)) const struct cslice* slice) {
     int i;
     void* ptr = (void*)&i;
     return (uintptr_t)ptr;

nac3standalone/src/main.rs

@@ -15,8 +15,11 @@ use parking_lot::{Mutex, RwLock};
 
 use nac3core::{
     codegen::{
-        concrete_type::ConcreteTypeStore, irrt::load_irrt, CodeGenLLVMOptions,
-        CodeGenTargetMachineOptions, CodeGenTask, DefaultCodeGenerator, WithCall, WorkerRegistry,
+        concrete_type::ConcreteTypeStore,
+        irrt::load_irrt,
+        tracert::{load_tracert, TraceRuntimeConfig},
+        CodeGenLLVMOptions, CodeGenTargetMachineOptions, CodeGenTask, DefaultCodeGenerator,
+        WithCall, WorkerRegistry,
     },
     inkwell::{
         memory_buffer::MemoryBuffer, module::Linkage, passes::PassBuilderOptions,
@@ -76,6 +79,9 @@ struct CommandLineArgs {
     /// Additional target features to enable/disable, specified using the `+`/`-` prefixes.
     #[arg(long)]
     target_features: Option<String>,
+
+    #[arg(long)]
+    trace: Vec<String>,
 }
 
 fn handle_typevar_definition(
@@ -276,8 +282,16 @@ fn handle_global_var(
 
 fn main() {
     let cli = CommandLineArgs::parse();
-    let CommandLineArgs { file_name, threads, opt_level, emit_llvm, triple, mcpu, target_features } =
-        cli;
+    let CommandLineArgs {
+        file_name,
+        threads,
+        opt_level,
+        emit_llvm,
+        triple,
+        mcpu,
+        target_features,
+        trace,
+    } = cli;
 
     Target::initialize_all(&InitializationConfig::default());
 
@@ -306,6 +320,7 @@ fn main() {
         // The default behavior for -O<n> where n>3 defaults to O3 for both Clang and GCC
         _ => OptimizationLevel::Aggressive,
     };
+    let tracert_config = TraceRuntimeConfig { enabled_tags: trace };
 
     let target_machine_options = CodeGenTargetMachineOptions {
         triple,
@@ -350,6 +365,14 @@ fn main() {
         irrt.write_bitcode_to_path(Path::new("irrt.bc"));
     }
 
+    // Process tracert
+    let tracert = load_tracert(&context, &tracert_config);
+    if let Some(tracert) = &tracert {
+        if emit_llvm {
+            tracert.write_bitcode_to_path(Path::new("tracert.bc"));
+        }
+    }
+
     // Process the Python script
     let parser_result = parser::parse_program(&program, file_name.into()).unwrap();
 
@@ -458,7 +481,8 @@ fn main() {
     let threads = (0..threads)
         .map(|i| Box::new(DefaultCodeGenerator::new(format!("module{i}"), size_t)))
         .collect();
-    let (registry, handles) = WorkerRegistry::create_workers(threads, top_level, &llvm_options, &f);
+    let (registry, handles) =
+        WorkerRegistry::create_workers(threads, top_level, &llvm_options, &tracert_config, &f);
     registry.add_task(task);
     registry.wait_tasks_complete(handles);
 
@@ -484,6 +508,9 @@ fn main() {
     }
 
     main.link_in_module(irrt).unwrap();
+    if let Some(tracert) = tracert {
+        main.link_in_module(tracert).unwrap();
+    }
 
     // Private all functions except "run"
     let mut function_iter = main.get_first_function();