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<title>ARTIQ: Advanced Real Time Infrastructure for Quantum physics &raquo; M-Labs</title>
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<div style="float: right;"><img src="ion_trap.png"></div>
<p>ARTIQ (Advanced Real-Time Infrastructure for Quantum physics) is a next-generation control system for quantum information experiments. It is being developed in partnership with the <a href="http://www.nist.gov/pml/div688/grp10/index.cfm">Ion Storage Group</a> at NIST, and its applicability reaches beyond ion trapping.</p>
<p>Modern research on quantum information systems poses particular challenges to the control system:
<ul>
<li>dozens of signals need to be received and generated with extremely precise timing, in particular to ensure phase coherence</li>
<li>quantum error correction schemes require very low reaction latency in response to a measurement</li>
<li>real-world implementations of quantum gates, and a fortiori quantum algorithms, involve structurally complex protocols</li>
<li>ever-improving experimental techniques drive the need for a flexible and programmable system</li>
<li>the diversity of equipment, device drivers and data analysis software involved in a single experiment results in a distributed and multi-platform environment</li>
</ul>
</p>
<p><center><img src="lab_hardware.png"></center></p>
<h2>Enter ARTIQ</h2>
<p>ARTIQ features a high-level programming language, based on Python, that helps describing complex experiments. It is compiled and executed on dedicated FPGA hardware with nanosecond timing resolution and sub-microsecond latency.</p>
<p>The time-critical code (a <i>kernel</i>) running on the FPGA (the <i>core device</i>) is easily interfaced with Python code on the computer using a remote procedure call (RPC) mechanism.</p>
<p>The FPGA design is highly portable so that it can adapt to different laboratory setups and resist hardware obsolescence.</p>
<p>ARTIQ drivers for non-realtime devices can be run on remote machines with different operating systems.</p>
<p>The project also includes a graphical user interface, an experiment scheduling system, and databases for experiments, devices, parameters and results.</p>
<p>Technologies employed include <a href="http://python.org">Python</a>, <a href="../gateware.html">Migen</a>, <a href="../gateware.html">MiSoC</a>/<a href="https://github.com/openrisc/mor1kx">mor1kx</a>, <a href="http://llvm.org">LLVM</a> and <a href="https://github.com/numba/llvmlite">llvmlite</a>.</p>
<p><center><img src="comp.png"></center></p>
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<h2>Open source</h2>
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<p>Another goal of ARTIQ is to streamline and simplify the design flow of quantum physics instrumentation by promoting design reuse through the development of platform-independent, open-source hardware and software.</p>
<p>Our aim is to provide a control system suitable for the challenges of modern quantum information research, which is based on modular, parameterized and open components that allow physicists to rapidly design and deploy new experiments.</p>
<h2>A taste of the programming language</h2>
<h4>Timing language basics</h4>
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<pre>
trigger.sync() # wait for trigger input
start = now() # capture trigger time
for i in range(3):
delay(5*us)
dds.pulse(900*MHz, 7*us) # first pulse 5 µs after trigger
at(start + 1*ms) # re-reference time-line
dds.pulse(200*MHz, 11*us) # exactly 1 ms after trigger
</pre>
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<p>
<ul>
<li>now(), at(), delay() describe time-line of an experiment</li>
<li>Exact time is kept in an internal variable</li>
<li>That variable only loosely tracks the execution time of CPU instructions</li>
<li>The value of that variable is exchanged with the real-time input/output (RTIO) core that does precise timing</li>
</ul>
</p>
<h4>Parallelism</h4>
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<pre>
with sequential:
with parallel:
a.pulse(100*MHz, 10*us)
b.pulse(200*MHz, 20*us)
with parallel:
c.pulse(300*MHz, 30*us)
d.pulse(400*MHz, 20*us)
</pre>
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<ul>
<li>Experiments are inherently parallel: simultaneous laser pulses, parallel cooling of ions in different trap zones</li>
<li>parallel and sequential contexts with arbitrary nesting</li>
<li>a and b pulses both start at the same time</li>
<li>c and d pulses both start when a and b are both done (after 20 µs)</li>
<li>Currently implemented by inlining, loop-unrolling, and interleaving (i.e. static scheduling at compile time)</li>
</ul>
<h4>Organize experiment components and reuse code</h4>
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<pre>
class Experiment(AutoDB):
def build(self):
self.ion1 = Ion(...)
self.ion2 = Ion(...)
self.transporter = Transporter(...)
@kernel
def run(self):
with parallel:
self.ion1.cool(duration=10*us)
self.ion2.cool(frequency=...)
self.transporter.move(speed=...)
delay(100*ms)
self.ion1.detect(duration=...)
</pre>
<h2>Is ARTIQ right for my lab?</h2>
<div style="float: right;"><img src="logo_small.png"></div>
artiq: add info about Conda and pre-built binaries Installation procedure is now easier thanks to: - Conda packages - Pre-built binaries (runtime, FPGA, BIOS)
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<p>It's easy to find out by yourself! The core device is based on the resource-efficient MiSoC system-on-chip design, and you can use a limited version of ARTIQ with the small and low-cost <a href="http://papilio.cc/">Papilio Pro</a> board. Feel free to send feedback to the mailing list!</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="manual/installing.html">Install from sources</a> (be prepared to compile software and FPGA bitstreams)</li>
or
<li>Install from pre-compiled binaries</li>
<p>First you need to flash your Papilio Pro board with pre-compiled binaries</p>
<ul>
<li>Download the binaries<pre>$ wget http://m-labs.hk/artiq/binaries/binary_package.tar.gz</pre></li>
<li>Extract them<pre>$ tar xzf binary_package.tar.gz</pre></li>
<li>Flash your Papilio Pro board<pre>$ cd binary_package && ./flash -a</pre></li>
</ul>
<p>Installing host-side ARTIQ software on your Windows or Linux computer is quick and easy since it can be installed via <a href="http://conda.pydata.org/">Conda packages</a> as part of the <a href="https://store.continuum.io/cshop/anaconda/">Anaconda</a> scientific computing Python distribution:</p>
<ul>
<li>Install <a href="http://continuum.io/downloads">Anaconda3</a> (Python 3.4)</li>
<li>Add our package delivery channel: <pre>$ conda config --add channels fallen</pre></li>
<li>Install ARTIQ: <pre>$ conda install artiq</pre></li>
</ul>
<p>Then you can follow the <a href="manual/">manual</a> to run basic ARTIQ examples:</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="manual/getting_started.html#connecting-to-the-core-device">The LED blinking basics</a></li>
<li><a href="manual/getting_started.html#real-time-i-o">Real-time I/O example</a></li>
<li><a href="manual/getting_started.html#parallel-and-sequential-blocks">Precisely timed parallel and sequential pulses</a></li>
</ul></ul>
<p>Note that ARTIQ is still in development and we expect to deploy a fully functional release (that will include a GUI) at NIST by June 2015.</p>
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<h2>Resources</h2>
<p>
<ul>
<li><a href="https://github.com/m-labs/artiq">Source code repository</a></li>
<li><a href="https://ssl.serverraum.org/lists/listinfo/artiq">Public mailing list</a></li>
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<li><a href="artiq_overview.pdf">Slide-show</a></li>
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<li><a href="manual/">Manual</a> (work in progress)</a>
<li>Commercial support available - contact sb at m-labs.hk</li>
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<li>Press release: <a href="http://nist.gov/pml/div688/grp10/open-source-software-for-quantum-information.cfm">Open-Source Software for Quantum Information</a></li>
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</ul></p>
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