nac3core/src/codegen/classes.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,12 @@ use inkwell::{
     types::{AnyTypeEnum, BasicTypeEnum, IntType, PointerType},
     values::{BasicValueEnum, IntValue, PointerValue},
 };
-use crate::codegen::{CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator};
+use crate::codegen::{
+    CodeGenContext,
+    CodeGenerator,
+    irrt::{call_ndarray_calc_size, call_ndarray_flatten_index},
+    stmt::gen_for_callback,
+};
 
 #[cfg(not(debug_assertions))]
 pub fn assert_is_list<'ctx>(_value: PointerValue<'ctx>, _llvm_usize: IntType<'ctx>) {}
@@ -380,3 +385,485 @@ impl<'ctx> RangeValue<'ctx> {
         ctx.builder.build_load(pstep, var_name.as_str()).into_int_value()
     }
 }
+
+#[cfg(not(debug_assertions))]
+pub fn assert_is_ndarray<'ctx>(_value: PointerValue<'ctx>, _llvm_usize: IntType<'ctx>) {}
+
+#[cfg(debug_assertions)]
+pub fn assert_is_ndarray<'ctx>(value: PointerValue<'ctx>, llvm_usize: IntType<'ctx>) {
+    if let Err(msg) = NDArrayValue::is_instance(value, llvm_usize) {
+        panic!("{msg}")
+    }
+}
+
+/// Proxy type for accessing an `NDArray` value in LLVM.
+#[derive(Copy, Clone)]
+pub struct NDArrayValue<'ctx>(PointerValue<'ctx>, Option<&'ctx str>);
+
+impl<'ctx> NDArrayValue<'ctx> {
+    /// Checks whether `value` is an instance of `NDArray`, returning [Err] if `value` is not an
+    /// instance.
+    pub fn is_instance(
+        value: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+        llvm_usize: IntType<'ctx>,
+    ) -> Result<(), String> {
+        let llvm_ndarray_ty = value.get_type().get_element_type();
+        let AnyTypeEnum::StructType(llvm_ndarray_ty) = llvm_ndarray_ty else {
+            return Err(format!("Expected struct type for `NDArray` type, got {llvm_ndarray_ty}"))
+        };
+        if llvm_ndarray_ty.count_fields() != 3 {
+            return Err(format!("Expected 3 fields in `NDArray`, got {}", llvm_ndarray_ty.count_fields()))
+        }
+
+        let ndarray_ndims_ty = llvm_ndarray_ty.get_field_type_at_index(0).unwrap();
+        let Ok(ndarray_ndims_ty) = IntType::try_from(ndarray_ndims_ty) else {
+            return Err(format!("Expected int type for `ndarray.0`, got {ndarray_ndims_ty}"))
+        };
+        if ndarray_ndims_ty.get_bit_width() != llvm_usize.get_bit_width() {
+            return Err(format!("Expected {}-bit int type for `ndarray.0`, got {}-bit int",
+                               llvm_usize.get_bit_width(),
+                               ndarray_ndims_ty.get_bit_width()))
+        }
+
+        let ndarray_dims_ty = llvm_ndarray_ty.get_field_type_at_index(1).unwrap();
+        let Ok(ndarray_pdims) = PointerType::try_from(ndarray_dims_ty) else {
+            return Err(format!("Expected pointer type for `ndarray.1`, got {ndarray_dims_ty}"))
+        };
+        let ndarray_dims = ndarray_pdims.get_element_type();
+        let Ok(ndarray_dims) = IntType::try_from(ndarray_dims) else {
+            return Err(format!("Expected pointer-to-int type for `ndarray.1`, got pointer-to-{ndarray_dims}"))
+        };
+        if ndarray_dims.get_bit_width() != llvm_usize.get_bit_width() {
+            return Err(format!("Expected pointer-to-{}-bit int type for `ndarray.1`, got pointer-to-{}-bit int",
+                               llvm_usize.get_bit_width(),
+                               ndarray_dims.get_bit_width()))
+        }
+
+        let ndarray_data_ty = llvm_ndarray_ty.get_field_type_at_index(2).unwrap();
+        let Ok(_) = PointerType::try_from(ndarray_data_ty) else {
+            return Err(format!("Expected pointer type for `ndarray.2`, got {ndarray_data_ty}"))
+        };
+
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Creates an [NDArrayValue] from a [PointerValue].
+    pub fn from_ptr_val(
+        ptr: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+        llvm_usize: IntType<'ctx>,
+        name: Option<&'ctx str>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        assert_is_ndarray(ptr, llvm_usize);
+        NDArrayValue(ptr, name)
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the underlying [PointerValue] pointing to the `NDArray` instance.
+    pub fn get_ptr(&self) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        self.0
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the pointer to the field storing the number of dimensions of this `NDArray`.
+    fn get_ndims(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
+        let var_name = self.1.map(|v| format!("{v}.ndims.addr")).unwrap_or_default();
+
+        unsafe {
+            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+                self.0,
+                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
+                var_name.as_str(),
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Stores the number of dimensions `ndims` into this instance.
+    pub fn store_ndims(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        generator: &dyn CodeGenerator,
+        ndims: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    ) {
+        debug_assert_eq!(ndims.get_type(), generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx));
+
+        let pndims = self.get_ndims(ctx);
+        ctx.builder.build_store(pndims, ndims);
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the number of dimensions of this `NDArray` as a value.
+    pub fn load_ndims(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
+        let pndims = self.get_ndims(ctx);
+        ctx.builder.build_load(pndims, "").into_int_value()
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the double-indirection pointer to the `dims` array, as if by calling `getelementptr`
+    /// on the field.
+    fn get_dims_ptr(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
+        let var_name = self.1.map(|v| format!("{v}.dims.addr")).unwrap_or_default();
+
+        unsafe {
+            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+                self.get_ptr(),
+                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
+                var_name.as_str(),
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Stores the array of dimension sizes `dims` into this instance.
+    fn store_dims(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>, dims: PointerValue<'ctx>) {
+        ctx.builder.build_store(self.get_dims_ptr(ctx), dims);
+    }
+
+    /// Convenience method for creating a new array storing dimension sizes with the given `size`.
+    pub fn create_dims(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        llvm_usize: IntType<'ctx>,
+        size: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    ) {
+        self.store_dims(ctx, ctx.builder.build_array_alloca(llvm_usize, size, ""));
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a proxy object to the field storing the size of each dimension of this `NDArray`.
+    pub fn get_dims(&self) -> NDArrayDimsProxy<'ctx> {
+        NDArrayDimsProxy(self.clone())
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the double-indirection pointer to the `data` array, as if by calling `getelementptr`
+    /// on the field.
+    fn get_data_ptr(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
+        let var_name = self.1.map(|v| format!("{v}.data.addr")).unwrap_or_default();
+
+        unsafe {
+            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+                self.get_ptr(),
+                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(2, true)],
+                var_name.as_str(),
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Stores the array of data elements `data` into this instance.
+    fn store_data(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>, data: PointerValue<'ctx>) {
+        ctx.builder.build_store(self.get_data_ptr(ctx), data);
+    }
+
+    /// Convenience method for creating a new array storing data elements with the given element
+    /// type `elem_ty` and
+    /// `size`.
+    pub fn create_data(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        elem_ty: BasicTypeEnum<'ctx>,
+        size: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    ) {
+        self.store_data(ctx, ctx.builder.build_array_alloca(elem_ty, size, ""));
+    }
+
+    /// Returns a proxy object to the field storing the data of this `NDArray`.
+    pub fn get_data(&self) -> NDArrayDataProxy<'ctx> {
+        NDArrayDataProxy(self.clone())
+    }
+}
+
+impl<'ctx> Into<PointerValue<'ctx>> for NDArrayValue<'ctx> {
+    fn into(self) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        self.get_ptr()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Proxy type for accessing the `dims` array of an `NDArray` instance in LLVM.
+#[derive(Copy, Clone)]
+pub struct NDArrayDimsProxy<'ctx>(NDArrayValue<'ctx>);
+
+impl<'ctx> NDArrayDimsProxy<'ctx> {
+    /// Returns the single-indirection pointer to the array.
+    pub fn get_ptr(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        let var_name = self.0.1.map(|v| format!("{v}.dims")).unwrap_or_default();
+
+        ctx.builder.build_load(self.0.get_dims_ptr(ctx), var_name.as_str()).into_pointer_value()
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the pointer to the size of the `idx`-th dimension.
+    pub fn ptr_offset(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+        idx: IntValue<'ctx>,
+        name: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        let in_range = ctx.builder.build_int_compare(
+            IntPredicate::ULT,
+            idx,
+            self.0.load_ndims(ctx),
+            ""
+        );
+        ctx.make_assert(
+            generator,
+            in_range,
+            "0:IndexError",
+            "index {0} is out of bounds for axis 0 with size {1}",
+            [Some(idx), Some(self.0.load_ndims(ctx)), None],
+            ctx.current_loc,
+        );
+
+        let var_name = name
+            .map(|v| format!("{v}.addr"))
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+
+        unsafe {
+            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+                self.get_ptr(ctx),
+                &[idx],
+                var_name.as_str(),
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the size of the `idx`-th dimension.
+    pub fn get(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+        idx: IntValue<'ctx>,
+        name: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
+        let ptr = self.ptr_offset(ctx, generator, idx, name);
+        ctx.builder.build_load(ptr, name.unwrap_or_default()).into_int_value()
+    }
+}
+
+/// Proxy type for accessing the `data` array of an `NDArray` instance in LLVM.
+#[derive(Copy, Clone)]
+pub struct NDArrayDataProxy<'ctx>(NDArrayValue<'ctx>);
+
+impl<'ctx> NDArrayDataProxy<'ctx> {
+    /// Returns the single-indirection pointer to the array.
+    pub fn get_ptr(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        let var_name = self.0.1.map(|v| format!("{v}.data")).unwrap_or_default();
+
+        ctx.builder.build_load(self.0.get_data_ptr(ctx), var_name.as_str()).into_pointer_value()
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn ptr_to_data_flattened_unchecked(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        idx: IntValue<'ctx>,
+        name: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+            self.get_ptr(ctx),
+            &[idx],
+            name.unwrap_or_default(),
+        )
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the pointer to the data at the `idx`-th flattened index.
+    pub fn ptr_to_data_flattened(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+        idx: IntValue<'ctx>,
+        name: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        let ndims = self.0.load_ndims(ctx);
+        let dims = self.0.get_dims().get_ptr(ctx);
+        let data_sz = call_ndarray_calc_size(generator, ctx, ndims, dims);
+
+        let in_range = ctx.builder.build_int_compare(
+            IntPredicate::ULT,
+            idx,
+            data_sz,
+            ""
+        );
+        ctx.make_assert(
+            generator,
+            in_range,
+            "0:IndexError",
+            "index {0} is out of bounds with size {1}",
+            [Some(idx), Some(self.0.load_ndims(ctx)), None],
+            ctx.current_loc,
+        );
+
+        unsafe {
+            self.ptr_to_data_flattened_unchecked(ctx, idx, name)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn get_flattened_unchecked(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        idx: IntValue<'ctx>,
+        name: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> BasicValueEnum<'ctx> {
+        let ptr = self.ptr_to_data_flattened_unchecked(ctx, idx, name);
+        ctx.builder.build_load(ptr, name.unwrap_or_default())
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the data at the `idx`-th flattened index.
+    pub fn get_flattened(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+        idx: IntValue<'ctx>,
+        name: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> BasicValueEnum<'ctx> {
+        let ptr = self.ptr_to_data_flattened(ctx, generator, idx, name);
+        ctx.builder.build_load(ptr, name.unwrap_or_default())
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn ptr_offset_unchecked(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        generator: &dyn CodeGenerator,
+        indices: ListValue<'ctx>,
+        name: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        let indices_elem_ty = indices.get_data().get_ptr(ctx).get_type().get_element_type();
+        let Ok(indices_elem_ty) = IntType::try_from(indices_elem_ty) else {
+            panic!("Expected list[int32] but got {indices_elem_ty}")
+        };
+        assert_eq!(indices_elem_ty.get_bit_width(), 32, "Expected list[int32] but got {indices_elem_ty}");
+
+        let index = call_ndarray_flatten_index(
+            generator,
+            ctx,
+            self.0,
+            indices,
+        ).unwrap();
+
+        unsafe {
+            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+                self.get_ptr(ctx),
+                &[index],
+                name.unwrap_or_default(),
+            )
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the pointer to the data at the index specified by `indices`.
+    pub fn ptr_offset(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+        indices: ListValue<'ctx>,
+        name: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+        let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
+
+        let nidx_leq_ndims = ctx.builder.build_int_compare(
+            IntPredicate::SLE,
+            indices.load_size(ctx, None),
+            self.0.load_ndims(ctx),
+            ""
+        );
+        ctx.make_assert(
+            generator,
+            nidx_leq_ndims,
+            "0:IndexError",
+            "invalid index to scalar variable",
+            [None, None, None],
+            ctx.current_loc,
+        );
+
+        gen_for_callback(
+            generator,
+            ctx,
+            |generator, ctx| {
+                let i = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, llvm_usize.into(), None)?;
+                ctx.builder.build_store(i, llvm_usize.const_zero());
+
+                Ok(i)
+            },
+            |_, ctx, i_addr| {
+                let indices_len = indices.load_size(ctx, None);
+                let ndarray_len = self.0.load_ndims(ctx);
+
+                let min_fn_name = format!("llvm.umin.i{}", llvm_usize.get_bit_width());
+                let min_fn = ctx.module.get_function(min_fn_name.as_str()).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+                    let fn_type = llvm_usize.fn_type(
+                        &[llvm_usize.into(), llvm_usize.into()],
+                        false
+                    );
+                    ctx.module.add_function(min_fn_name.as_str(), fn_type, None)
+                });
+
+                let len = ctx
+                    .builder
+                    .build_call(min_fn, &[indices_len.into(), ndarray_len.into()], "")
+                    .try_as_basic_value()
+                    .map_left(|v| v.into_int_value())
+                    .left()
+                    .unwrap();
+
+                let i = ctx.builder.build_load(i_addr, "").into_int_value();
+                Ok(ctx.builder.build_int_compare(IntPredicate::SLT, i, len, ""))
+            },
+            |generator, ctx, i_addr| {
+                let i = ctx.builder.build_load(i_addr, "").into_int_value();
+                let (dim_idx, dim_sz) = unsafe {
+                    (
+                        indices.get_data().get_unchecked(ctx, i, None).into_int_value(),
+                        self.0.get_dims().get(ctx, generator, i, None),
+                    )
+                };
+
+                let dim_lt = ctx.builder.build_int_compare(
+                    IntPredicate::SLT,
+                    dim_idx,
+                    dim_sz,
+                    ""
+                );
+
+                ctx.make_assert(
+                    generator,
+                    dim_lt,
+                    "0:IndexError",
+                    "index {0} is out of bounds for axis 0 with size {1}",
+                    [Some(dim_idx), Some(dim_sz), None],
+                    ctx.current_loc,
+                );
+
+                Ok(())
+            },
+            |_, ctx, i_addr| {
+                let i = ctx.builder
+                    .build_load(i_addr, "")
+                    .into_int_value();
+                let i = ctx.builder.build_int_add(i, llvm_usize.const_int(1, true), "");
+                ctx.builder.build_store(i_addr, i);
+
+                Ok(())
+            },
+        ).unwrap();
+
+        unsafe {
+            self.ptr_offset_unchecked(ctx, generator, indices, name)
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub unsafe fn get_unsafe(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        generator: &dyn CodeGenerator,
+        indices: ListValue<'ctx>,
+        name: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> BasicValueEnum<'ctx> {
+        let ptr = self.ptr_offset_unchecked(ctx, generator, indices, name);
+        ctx.builder.build_load(ptr, name.unwrap_or_default())
+    }
+
+    /// Returns the data at the index specified by `indices`.
+    pub fn get(
+        &self,
+        ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+        generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+        indices: ListValue<'ctx>,
+        name: Option<&str>,
+    ) -> BasicValueEnum<'ctx> {
+        let ptr = self.ptr_offset(ctx, generator, indices, name);
+        ctx.builder.build_load(ptr, name.unwrap_or_default())
+    }
+}

nac3core/src/codegen/irrt/irrt.c

@@ -268,4 +268,40 @@ void __nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices64(
         idxs[i] = (index / stride) % dims[i];
         stride *= dims[i];
     }
-}
+}
+
+uint32_t __nac3_ndarray_flatten_index(
+    const uint32_t* dims,
+    uint32_t num_dims,
+    const uint32_t* indices,
+    uint32_t num_indices
+) {
+    uint32_t idx = 0;
+    uint32_t stride = 1;
+    for (uint32_t i = num_dims - 1; i-- >= 0; ) {
+        if (i < num_indices) {
+            idx += (stride * indices[i]);
+        }
+
+        stride *= dims[i];
+    }
+    return idx;
+}
+
+uint64_t __nac3_ndarray_flatten_index64(
+    const uint64_t* dims,
+    uint64_t num_dims,
+    const uint32_t* indices,
+    uint64_t num_indices
+) {
+    uint64_t idx = 0;
+    uint64_t stride = 1;
+    for (uint64_t i = num_dims - 1; i-- >= 0; ) {
+        if (i < num_indices) {
+            idx += (stride * indices[i]);
+        }
+
+        stride *= dims[i];
+    }
+    return idx;
+}

nac3core/src/codegen/irrt/mod.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 use crate::typecheck::typedef::Type;
 
 use super::{
-    classes::ListValue,
+    classes::{ListValue, NDArrayValue},
-    assert_is_ndarray,
     CodeGenContext,
     CodeGenerator,
 };
@@ -607,7 +606,7 @@ pub fn call_ndarray_calc_size<'ctx>(
 pub fn call_ndarray_init_dims<'ctx>(
     generator: &dyn CodeGenerator,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    ndarray: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+    ndarray: NDArrayValue<'ctx>,
     shape: ListValue<'ctx>,
 ) {
     let llvm_void = ctx.ctx.void_type();
@@ -617,8 +616,6 @@ pub fn call_ndarray_init_dims<'ctx>(
     let llvm_pi32 = llvm_i32.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
     let llvm_pusize = llvm_usize.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
 
-    assert_is_ndarray(ndarray);
-
     let ndarray_init_dims_fn_name = match llvm_usize.get_bit_width() {
         32 => "__nac3_ndarray_init_dims",
         64 => "__nac3_ndarray_init_dims64",
@@ -637,22 +634,14 @@ pub fn call_ndarray_init_dims<'ctx>(
         ctx.module.add_function(ndarray_init_dims_fn_name, fn_type, None)
     });
 
-    let ndarray_dims = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
+    let ndarray_dims = ndarray.get_dims();
-        ndarray,
-        &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
-        None,
-    );
     let shape_data = shape.get_data();
-    let ndarray_num_dims = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
+    let ndarray_num_dims = ndarray.load_ndims(ctx);
-        ndarray,
-        &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
-        None,
-    ).into_int_value();
 
     ctx.builder.build_call(
         ndarray_init_dims_fn,
         &[
-            ndarray_dims.into(),
+            ndarray_dims.get_ptr(ctx).into(),
             shape_data.get_ptr(ctx).into(),
             ndarray_num_dims.into(),
         ],
@@ -669,12 +658,9 @@ pub fn call_ndarray_calc_nd_indices<'ctx>(
     generator: &dyn CodeGenerator,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
     index: IntValue<'ctx>,
-    ndarray: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+    ndarray: NDArrayValue<'ctx>,
 ) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
-    assert_is_ndarray(ndarray);
-
     let llvm_void = ctx.ctx.void_type();
-    let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
     let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
 
     let llvm_pusize = llvm_usize.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
@@ -698,16 +684,8 @@ pub fn call_ndarray_calc_nd_indices<'ctx>(
         ctx.module.add_function(ndarray_calc_nd_indices_fn_name, fn_type, None)
     });
 
-    let ndarray_num_dims = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
+    let ndarray_num_dims = ndarray.load_ndims(ctx);
-        ndarray,
+    let ndarray_dims = ndarray.get_dims();
-        &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
-        None,
-    ).into_int_value();
-    let ndarray_dims = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
-        ndarray,
-        &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
-        None,
-    ).into_pointer_value();
 
     let indices = ctx.builder.build_array_alloca(
         llvm_usize,
@@ -719,7 +697,7 @@ pub fn call_ndarray_calc_nd_indices<'ctx>(
         ndarray_calc_nd_indices_fn,
         &[
             index.into(),
-            ndarray_dims.into(),
+            ndarray_dims.get_ptr(ctx).into(),
             ndarray_num_dims.into(),
             indices.into(),
         ],
@@ -727,4 +705,64 @@ pub fn call_ndarray_calc_nd_indices<'ctx>(
     );
 
     Ok(indices)
+}
+
+/// Generates a call to `__nac3_ndarray_flatten_index`.
+///
+/// * `ndarray` - LLVM pointer to the NDArray. This value must be the LLVM representation of an
+/// `NDArray`.
+/// * `indices` - The multidimensional index to compute the flattened index for.
+pub fn call_ndarray_flatten_index<'ctx>(
+    generator: &dyn CodeGenerator,
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    ndarray: NDArrayValue<'ctx>,
+    indices: ListValue<'ctx>,
+) -> Result<IntValue<'ctx>, String> {
+    let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
+    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
+
+    let llvm_pi32 = llvm_i32.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
+    let llvm_pusize = llvm_usize.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
+
+    let ndarray_flatten_index_fn_name = match llvm_usize.get_bit_width() {
+        32 => "__nac3_ndarray_flatten_index",
+        64 => "__nac3_ndarray_flatten_index64",
+        bw => unreachable!("Unsupported size type bit width: {}", bw)
+    };
+    let ndarray_flatten_index_fn = ctx.module.get_function(ndarray_flatten_index_fn_name).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_usize.fn_type(
+            &[
+                llvm_usize.into(),
+                llvm_pusize.into(),
+                llvm_pi32.into(),
+                llvm_pusize.into(),
+            ],
+            false,
+        );
+
+        ctx.module.add_function(ndarray_flatten_index_fn_name, fn_type, None)
+    });
+
+    let ndarray_num_dims = ndarray.load_ndims(ctx);
+    let ndarray_dims = ndarray.get_dims();
+    let indices_size = indices.load_size(ctx, None);
+    let indices_data = indices.get_data();
+
+    let index = ctx.builder
+        .build_call(
+            ndarray_flatten_index_fn,
+            &[
+                ndarray_num_dims.into(),
+                ndarray_dims.get_ptr(ctx).into(),
+                indices_size.into(),
+                indices_data.get_ptr(ctx).into(),
+            ],
+            "",
+        )
+        .try_as_basic_value()
+        .map_left(|v| v.into_int_value())
+        .left()
+        .unwrap();
+
+    Ok(index)
 }

nac3core/src/codegen/mod.rs

@@ -34,9 +34,6 @@ use std::sync::{
 };
 use std::thread;
 
-#[cfg(debug_assertions)]
-use inkwell::types::AnyTypeEnum;
-
 pub mod classes;
 pub mod concrete_type;
 pub mod expr;
@@ -999,27 +996,3 @@ fn gen_in_range_check<'ctx>(
 
     ctx.builder.build_int_compare(IntPredicate::SLT, lo, hi, "cmp")
 }
-
-/// Checks whether the pointer `value` refers to an `NDArray` in LLVM.
-fn assert_is_ndarray(value: PointerValue) -> PointerValue {
-    #[cfg(debug_assertions)]
-    {
-        let llvm_ndarray_ty = value.get_type().get_element_type();
-        let AnyTypeEnum::StructType(llvm_ndarray_ty) = llvm_ndarray_ty else {
-            panic!("Expected struct type for `NDArray` type, but got {llvm_ndarray_ty}")
-        };
-
-        assert_eq!(llvm_ndarray_ty.count_fields(), 3);
-        assert!(matches!(llvm_ndarray_ty.get_field_type_at_index(0), Some(BasicTypeEnum::IntType(..))));
-        let Some(ndarray_dims) = llvm_ndarray_ty.get_field_type_at_index(1) else {
-            unreachable!()
-        };
-        let BasicTypeEnum::PointerType(dims) = ndarray_dims else {
-            panic!("Expected pointer type for `list.1`, but got {ndarray_dims}")
-        };
-        assert!(matches!(dims.get_element_type(), AnyTypeEnum::IntType(..)));
-        assert!(matches!(llvm_ndarray_ty.get_field_type_at_index(2), Some(BasicTypeEnum::PointerType(..))));
-    }
-
-    value
-}

nac3core/src/toplevel/numpy.rs

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ use inkwell::values::{ArrayValue, IntValue};
 use nac3parser::ast::StrRef;
 use crate::{
     codegen::{
-        classes::ListValue,
+        classes::{ListValue, NDArrayValue},
         CodeGenContext,
         CodeGenerator,
         irrt::{
@@ -27,11 +27,10 @@ fn create_ndarray_const_shape<'ctx, 'a>(
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
     elem_ty: Type,
     shape: ArrayValue<'ctx>
-) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+) -> Result<NDArrayValue<'ctx>, String> {
     let ndarray_ty_enum = TypeEnum::ndarray(&mut ctx.unifier, Some(elem_ty), None, &ctx.primitives);
     let ndarray_ty = ctx.unifier.add_ty(ndarray_ty_enum);
 
-    let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
     let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
 
     let llvm_pndarray_t = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, ndarray_ty).into_pointer_type();
@@ -68,54 +67,18 @@ fn create_ndarray_const_shape<'ctx, 'a>(
         llvm_ndarray_t.into(),
         None,
     )?;
+    let ndarray = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(ndarray, llvm_usize, None);
 
     let num_dims = llvm_usize.const_int(shape.get_type().len() as u64, false);
+    ndarray.store_ndims(ctx, generator, num_dims);
 
-    let ndarray_num_dims = unsafe {
+    let ndarray_num_dims = ndarray.load_ndims(ctx);
-        ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+    ndarray.create_dims(ctx, llvm_usize, ndarray_num_dims);
-            ndarray,
-            &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
-            "",
-        )
-    };
-    ctx.builder.build_store(ndarray_num_dims, num_dims);
-
-    let ndarray_dims = unsafe {
-        ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
-            ndarray,
-            &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
-            "",
-        )
-    };
-
-    let ndarray_num_dims = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
-        ndarray,
-        &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
-        None,
-    ).into_int_value();
-
-    ctx.builder.build_store(
-        ndarray_dims,
-        ctx.builder.build_array_alloca(
-            llvm_usize,
-            ndarray_num_dims,
-            "",
-        ),
-    );
 
     for i in 0..shape.get_type().len() {
-        let ndarray_dim = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
+        let ndarray_dim = ndarray
-            ndarray,
+            .get_dims()
-            &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
+            .ptr_offset(ctx, generator, llvm_usize.const_int(i as u64, true), None);
-            None,
-        ).into_pointer_value();
-        let ndarray_dim = unsafe {
-            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
-                ndarray_dim,
-                &[llvm_i32.const_int(i as u64, true)],
-                "",
-            )
-        };
         let shape_dim = ctx.builder.build_extract_value(shape, i, "")
             .map(|val| val.into_int_value())
             .unwrap();
@@ -123,42 +86,14 @@ fn create_ndarray_const_shape<'ctx, 'a>(
         ctx.builder.build_store(ndarray_dim, shape_dim);
     }
 
-    let (ndarray_num_dims, ndarray_dims) = unsafe {
+    let ndarray_dims = ndarray.get_dims().get_ptr(ctx);
-        (
-            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
-                ndarray,
-                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
-                ""
-            ),
-            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
-                ndarray,
-                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
-                ""
-            ),
-        )
-    };
     let ndarray_num_elems = call_ndarray_calc_size(
         generator,
         ctx,
-        ctx.builder.build_load(ndarray_num_dims, "").into_int_value(),
+        ndarray.load_ndims(ctx),
-        ctx.builder.build_load(ndarray_dims, "").into_pointer_value(),
+        ndarray_dims,
-    );
-
-    let ndarray_data = unsafe {
-        ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
-            ndarray,
-            &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(2, true)],
-            "",
-        )
-    };
-    ctx.builder.build_store(
-        ndarray_data,
-        ctx.builder.build_array_alloca(
-            llvm_ndarray_data_t,
-            ndarray_num_elems,
-            ""
-        ),
     );
+    ndarray.create_data(ctx, llvm_ndarray_data_t, ndarray_num_elems);
 
     Ok(ndarray)
 }
@@ -214,7 +149,7 @@ fn call_ndarray_empty_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
     elem_ty: Type,
     shape: ListValue<'ctx>,
-) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+) -> Result<NDArrayValue<'ctx>, String> {
     let ndarray_ty_enum = TypeEnum::ndarray(&mut ctx.unifier, Some(elem_ty), None, &ctx.primitives);
     let ndarray_ty = ctx.unifier.add_ty(ndarray_ty_enum);
 
@@ -284,79 +219,23 @@ fn call_ndarray_empty_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
         llvm_ndarray_t.into(),
         None,
     )?;
+    let ndarray = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(ndarray, llvm_usize, None);
 
     let num_dims = shape.load_size(ctx, None);
+    ndarray.store_ndims(ctx, generator, num_dims);
 
-    let ndarray_num_dims = unsafe {
+    let ndarray_num_dims = ndarray.load_ndims(ctx);
-        ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+    ndarray.create_dims(ctx, llvm_usize, ndarray_num_dims);
-            ndarray,
-            &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
-            "",
-        )
-    };
-    ctx.builder.build_store(ndarray_num_dims, num_dims);
-
-    let ndarray_dims = unsafe {
-        ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
-            ndarray,
-            &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
-            "",
-        )
-    };
-
-    let ndarray_num_dims = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
-        ndarray,
-        &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
-        None,
-    ).into_int_value();
-
-    ctx.builder.build_store(
-        ndarray_dims,
-        ctx.builder.build_array_alloca(
-            llvm_usize,
-            ndarray_num_dims,
-            "",
-        ),
-    );
 
     call_ndarray_init_dims(generator, ctx, ndarray, shape);
 
-    let (ndarray_num_dims, ndarray_dims) = unsafe {
-        (
-            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
-                ndarray,
-                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
-                ""
-            ),
-            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
-                ndarray,
-                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
-                ""
-            ),
-        )
-    };
     let ndarray_num_elems = call_ndarray_calc_size(
         generator,
         ctx,
-        ctx.builder.build_load(ndarray_num_dims, "").into_int_value(),
+        ndarray.load_ndims(ctx),
-        ctx.builder.build_load(ndarray_dims, "").into_pointer_value(),
+        ndarray.get_dims().get_ptr(ctx),
-    );
-
-    let ndarray_data = unsafe {
-        ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
-            ndarray,
-            &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(2, true)],
-            "",
-        )
-    };
-    ctx.builder.build_store(
-        ndarray_data,
-        ctx.builder.build_array_alloca(
-            llvm_ndarray_data_t,
-            ndarray_num_elems,
-            "",
-        ),
     );
+    ndarray.create_data(ctx, llvm_ndarray_data_t, ndarray_num_elems);
 
     Ok(ndarray)
 }
@@ -369,35 +248,19 @@ fn call_ndarray_empty_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
 fn ndarray_fill_flattened<'ctx, 'a, ValueFn>(
     generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
-    ndarray: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+    ndarray: NDArrayValue<'ctx>,
     value_fn: ValueFn,
 ) -> Result<(), String>
     where
         ValueFn: Fn(&mut dyn CodeGenerator, &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>, IntValue<'ctx>) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String>,
 {
-    let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
     let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
 
-    let (num_dims, dims) = unsafe {
-        (
-            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
-                ndarray,
-                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_zero()],
-                ""
-            ),
-            ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
-                ndarray,
-                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(1, true)],
-                ""
-            ),
-        )
-    };
-
     let ndarray_num_elems = call_ndarray_calc_size(
         generator,
         ctx,
-        ctx.builder.build_load(num_dims, "").into_int_value(),
+        ndarray.load_ndims(ctx),
-        ctx.builder.build_load(dims, "").into_pointer_value(),
+        ndarray.get_dims().get_ptr(ctx),
     );
 
     gen_for_callback(
@@ -417,21 +280,11 @@ fn ndarray_fill_flattened<'ctx, 'a, ValueFn>(
             Ok(ctx.builder.build_int_compare(IntPredicate::ULT, i, ndarray_num_elems, ""))
         },
         |generator, ctx, i_addr| {
-            let ndarray_data = ctx.build_gep_and_load(
-                ndarray,
-                &[llvm_i32.const_zero(), llvm_i32.const_int(2, true)],
-                None
-            ).into_pointer_value();
-
             let i = ctx.builder
                 .build_load(i_addr, "")
                 .into_int_value();
             let elem = unsafe {
-                ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
+                ndarray.get_data().ptr_to_data_flattened_unchecked(ctx, i, None)
-                    ndarray_data,
-                    &[i],
-                    ""
-                )
             };
 
             let value = value_fn(generator, ctx, i)?;
@@ -459,7 +312,7 @@ fn ndarray_fill_flattened<'ctx, 'a, ValueFn>(
 fn ndarray_fill_indexed<'ctx, 'a, ValueFn>(
     generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
-    ndarray: PointerValue<'ctx>,
+    ndarray: NDArrayValue<'ctx>,
     value_fn: ValueFn,
 ) -> Result<(), String>
     where
@@ -491,7 +344,7 @@ fn call_ndarray_zeros_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
     elem_ty: Type,
     shape: ListValue<'ctx>,
-) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+) -> Result<NDArrayValue<'ctx>, String> {
     let supported_types = [
         ctx.primitives.int32,
         ctx.primitives.int64,
@@ -527,7 +380,7 @@ fn call_ndarray_ones_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
     elem_ty: Type,
     shape: ListValue<'ctx>,
-) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+) -> Result<NDArrayValue<'ctx>, String> {
     let supported_types = [
         ctx.primitives.int32,
         ctx.primitives.int64,
@@ -564,7 +417,7 @@ fn call_ndarray_full_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
     elem_ty: Type,
     shape: ListValue<'ctx>,
     fill_value: BasicValueEnum<'ctx>,
-) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+) -> Result<NDArrayValue<'ctx>, String> {
     let ndarray = call_ndarray_empty_impl(generator, ctx, elem_ty, shape)?;
     ndarray_fill_flattened(
         generator,
@@ -633,7 +486,7 @@ fn call_ndarray_eye_impl<'ctx, 'a>(
     nrows: IntValue<'ctx>,
     ncols: IntValue<'ctx>,
     offset: IntValue<'ctx>,
-) -> Result<PointerValue<'ctx>, String> {
+) -> Result<NDArrayValue<'ctx>, String> {
     let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
     let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
     let llvm_usize_2 = llvm_usize.array_type(2);
@@ -718,7 +571,7 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_empty<'ctx, 'a>(
         context,
         context.primitives.float,
         ListValue::from_ptr_val(shape_arg.into_pointer_value(), llvm_usize, None),
-    )
+    ).map(NDArrayValue::into)
 }
 
 /// Generates LLVM IR for `ndarray.zeros`.
@@ -742,7 +595,7 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_zeros<'ctx, 'a>(
         context,
         context.primitives.float,
         ListValue::from_ptr_val(shape_arg.into_pointer_value(), llvm_usize, None),
-    )
+    ).map(NDArrayValue::into)
 }
 
 /// Generates LLVM IR for `ndarray.ones`.
@@ -766,7 +619,7 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_ones<'ctx, 'a>(
         context,
         context.primitives.float,
         ListValue::from_ptr_val(shape_arg.into_pointer_value(), llvm_usize, None),
-    )
+    ).map(NDArrayValue::into)
 }
 
 /// Generates LLVM IR for `ndarray.full`.
@@ -794,7 +647,7 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_full<'ctx, 'a>(
         fill_value_ty,
         ListValue::from_ptr_val(shape_arg.into_pointer_value(), llvm_usize, None),
         fill_value_arg,
-    )
+    ).map(NDArrayValue::into)
 }
 
 /// Generates LLVM IR for `ndarray.eye`.
@@ -839,7 +692,7 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_eye<'ctx, 'a>(
         nrows_arg.into_int_value(),
         ncols_arg.into_int_value(),
         offset_arg.into_int_value(),
-    )
+    ).map(NDArrayValue::into)
 }
 
 /// Generates LLVM IR for `ndarray.identity`.
@@ -866,5 +719,5 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_identity<'ctx, 'a>(
         n_arg.into_int_value(),
         n_arg.into_int_value(),
         llvm_usize.const_zero(),
-    )
+    ).map(NDArrayValue::into)
 }