core: WIP - Add tracer runtime

.clang-format

@@ -1,32 +0,0 @@
-BasedOnStyle: LLVM
-
-Language: Cpp
-Standard: Cpp11
-
-AccessModifierOffset: -1
-AlignEscapedNewlines: Left
-AlwaysBreakAfterReturnType: None
-AlwaysBreakTemplateDeclarations: Yes
-AllowAllParametersOfDeclarationOnNextLine: false
-AllowShortFunctionsOnASingleLine: Inline
-BinPackParameters: false
-BreakBeforeBinaryOperators: NonAssignment
-BreakBeforeTernaryOperators: true
-BreakConstructorInitializers: AfterColon
-BreakInheritanceList: AfterColon
-ColumnLimit: 120
-ConstructorInitializerAllOnOneLineOrOnePerLine: true
-ContinuationIndentWidth: 4
-DerivePointerAlignment: false
-IndentCaseLabels: true
-IndentPPDirectives: None
-IndentWidth: 4
-MaxEmptyLinesToKeep: 1
-PointerAlignment: Left
-ReflowComments: true
-SortIncludes: false
-SortUsingDeclarations: true
-SpaceAfterTemplateKeyword: false
-SpacesBeforeTrailingComments: 2
-TabWidth: 4
-UseTab: Never

.gitignore

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
 __pycache__
 /target
-/nac3standalone/demo/linalg/target
 nix/windows/msys2

.pre-commit-config.yaml

@@ -8,17 +8,17 @@ repos:
     hooks:
       - id: nac3-cargo-fmt
         name: nac3 cargo format
-        entry: nix
+        entry: cargo
         language: system
         types: [file, rust]
         pass_filenames: false
         description: Runs cargo fmt on the codebase.
-        args: [develop, -c, cargo, fmt, --all]
+        args: [fmt]
       - id: nac3-cargo-clippy
         name: nac3 cargo clippy
-        entry: nix
+        entry: cargo
         language: system
         types: [file, rust]
         pass_filenames: false
         description: Runs cargo clippy on the codebase.
-        args: [develop, -c, cargo, clippy, --tests]
+        args: [clippy, --tests]

flake.lock

@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@
   "nodes": {
     "nixpkgs": {
       "locked": {
-        "lastModified": 1727348695,
-        "narHash": "sha256-J+PeFKSDV+pHL7ukkfpVzCOO7mBSrrpJ3svwBFABbhI=",
+        "lastModified": 1718530797,
+        "narHash": "sha256-pup6cYwtgvzDpvpSCFh1TEUjw2zkNpk8iolbKnyFmmU=",
         "owner": "NixOS",
         "repo": "nixpkgs",
-        "rev": "1925c603f17fc89f4c8f6bf6f631a802ad85d784",
+        "rev": "b60ebf54c15553b393d144357375ea956f89e9a9",
         "type": "github"
       },
       "original": {

flake.nix

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@
   outputs = { self, nixpkgs }:
     let
       pkgs = import nixpkgs { system = "x86_64-linux"; };
-      pkgs32 = import nixpkgs { system = "i686-linux"; };
     in rec {
       packages.x86_64-linux = rec {
         llvm-nac3 = pkgs.callPackage ./nix/llvm {};
@@ -16,22 +15,6 @@
           ln -s ${pkgs.llvmPackages_14.clang-unwrapped}/bin/clang $out/bin/clang-irrt
           ln -s ${pkgs.llvmPackages_14.llvm.out}/bin/llvm-as $out/bin/llvm-as-irrt
           '';
-        demo-linalg-stub = pkgs.rustPlatform.buildRustPackage {
-          name = "demo-linalg-stub";
-          src = ./nac3standalone/demo/linalg;
-          cargoLock = {
-            lockFile = ./nac3standalone/demo/linalg/Cargo.lock;
-          };
-          doCheck = false;
-        };
-        demo-linalg-stub32 = pkgs32.rustPlatform.buildRustPackage {
-          name = "demo-linalg-stub32";
-          src = ./nac3standalone/demo/linalg;
-          cargoLock = {
-            lockFile = ./nac3standalone/demo/linalg/Cargo.lock;
-          };
-          doCheck = false;
-        };
         nac3artiq = pkgs.python3Packages.toPythonModule (
           pkgs.rustPlatform.buildRustPackage rec {
             name = "nac3artiq";
@@ -41,7 +24,7 @@
               lockFile = ./Cargo.lock;
             };
             passthru.cargoLock = cargoLock;
-            nativeBuildInputs = [ pkgs.python3 (pkgs.wrapClangMulti pkgs.llvmPackages_14.clang) llvm-tools-irrt pkgs.llvmPackages_14.llvm.out llvm-nac3 ];
+            nativeBuildInputs = [ pkgs.python3 pkgs.llvmPackages_14.clang llvm-tools-irrt pkgs.llvmPackages_14.llvm.out llvm-nac3 ];
             buildInputs = [ pkgs.python3 llvm-nac3 ];
             checkInputs = [ (pkgs.python3.withPackages(ps: [ ps.numpy ps.scipy ])) ];
             checkPhase =
@@ -49,9 +32,7 @@
               echo "Checking nac3standalone demos..."
               pushd nac3standalone/demo
               patchShebangs .
-              export DEMO_LINALG_STUB=${demo-linalg-stub}/lib/liblinalg.a
-              export DEMO_LINALG_STUB32=${demo-linalg-stub32}/lib/liblinalg.a
-              ./check_demos.sh -i686
+              ./check_demos.sh
               popd
               echo "Running Cargo tests..."
               cargoCheckHook
@@ -168,7 +149,7 @@
         buildInputs = with pkgs; [
           # build dependencies
           packages.x86_64-linux.llvm-nac3
-          (pkgs.wrapClangMulti llvmPackages_14.clang) llvmPackages_14.llvm.out  # for running nac3standalone demos
+          llvmPackages_14.clang llvmPackages_14.llvm.out  # for running nac3standalone demos
           packages.x86_64-linux.llvm-tools-irrt
           cargo
           rustc
@@ -181,11 +162,6 @@
           pre-commit
           rustfmt
         ];
-        shellHook =
-          ''
-          export DEMO_LINALG_STUB=${packages.x86_64-linux.demo-linalg-stub}/lib/liblinalg.a
-          export DEMO_LINALG_STUB32=${packages.x86_64-linux.demo-linalg-stub32}/lib/liblinalg.a
-          '';
       };
       devShells.x86_64-linux.msys2 = pkgs.mkShell {
         name = "nac3-dev-shell-msys2";

nac3artiq/Cargo.toml

@@ -12,10 +12,15 @@ crate-type = ["cdylib"]
 itertools = "0.13"
 pyo3 = { version = "0.21", features = ["extension-module", "gil-refs"] }
 parking_lot = "0.12"
-tempfile = "3.13"
+tempfile = "3.10"
+nac3parser = { path = "../nac3parser" }
 nac3core = { path = "../nac3core" }
 nac3ld = { path = "../nac3ld" }
 
+[dependencies.inkwell]
+version = "0.4"
+default-features = false
+features = ["llvm14-0", "target-x86", "target-arm", "target-riscv", "no-libffi-linking"]
+
 [features]
 init-llvm-profile = []
-no-escape-analysis = ["nac3core/no-escape-analysis"]

nac3artiq/demo/list_cmp.py

@@ -1,24 +0,0 @@
-from min_artiq import *
-from numpy import int32
-
-
-@nac3
-class EmptyList:
-    core: KernelInvariant[Core]
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.core = Core()
-
-    @rpc
-    def get_empty(self) -> list[int32]:
-        return []
-
-    @kernel
-    def run(self):
-        a: list[int32] = self.get_empty()
-        if a != []:
-            raise ValueError
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    EmptyList().run()

nac3artiq/demo/min_artiq.py

@@ -112,15 +112,10 @@ def extern(function):
     register_function(function)
     return function
 
-
-def rpc(arg=None, flags={}):
-    """Decorates a function or method to be executed on the host interpreter."""
-    if arg is None:
-        def inner_decorator(function):
-            return rpc(function, flags)
-        return inner_decorator
-    register_function(arg)
-    return arg
+def rpc(function):
+    """Decorates a function declaration defined by the core device runtime."""
+    register_function(function)
+    return function
 
 def kernel(function_or_method):
     """Decorates a function or method to be executed on the core device."""

nac3artiq/demo/str_abi.py

@@ -1,26 +0,0 @@
-from min_artiq import *
-from numpy import ndarray, zeros as np_zeros
-
-
-@nac3
-class StrFail:
-    core: KernelInvariant[Core]
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.core = Core()
-
-    @kernel
-    def hello(self, arg: str):
-        pass
-
-    @kernel
-    def consume_ndarray(self, arg: ndarray[str, 1]):
-        pass
-
-    def run(self):
-        self.hello("world")
-        self.consume_ndarray(np_zeros([10], dtype=str))
-
-
-if __name__ == "__main__":
-    StrFail().run()

nac3artiq/src/lib.rs

@@ -16,65 +16,64 @@
     clippy::wildcard_imports
 )]
 
-use std::{
-    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
-    fs,
-    io::Write,
-    process::Command,
-    rc::Rc,
-    sync::Arc,
-};
+use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+use std::fs;
+use std::io::Write;
+use std::process::Command;
+use std::rc::Rc;
+use std::sync::Arc;
 
-use itertools::Itertools;
-use parking_lot::{Mutex, RwLock};
-use pyo3::{
-    create_exception, exceptions,
-    prelude::*,
-    types::{PyBytes, PyDict, PySet},
-};
-use tempfile::{self, TempDir};
-
-use nac3core::{
-    codegen::{
-        concrete_type::ConcreteTypeStore, gen_func_impl, irrt::load_irrt, CodeGenLLVMOptions,
-        CodeGenTargetMachineOptions, CodeGenTask, WithCall, WorkerRegistry,
-    },
-    inkwell::{
-        context::Context,
+use inkwell::{
     memory_buffer::MemoryBuffer,
     module::{Linkage, Module},
     passes::PassBuilderOptions,
     support::is_multithreaded,
     targets::*,
     OptimizationLevel,
-    },
-    nac3parser::{
-        ast::{Constant, ExprKind, Located, Stmt, StmtKind, StrRef},
+};
+use itertools::Itertools;
+use nac3core::codegen::{gen_func_impl, CodeGenLLVMOptions, CodeGenTargetMachineOptions};
+use nac3core::toplevel::builtins::get_exn_constructor;
+use nac3core::typecheck::typedef::{TypeEnum, Unifier, VarMap};
+use nac3parser::{
+    ast::{ExprKind, Stmt, StmtKind, StrRef},
     parser::parse_program,
-    },
+};
+use pyo3::create_exception;
+use pyo3::prelude::*;
+use pyo3::{exceptions, types::PyBytes, types::PyDict, types::PySet};
+
+use parking_lot::{Mutex, RwLock};
+
+use nac3core::{
+    codegen::irrt::load_irrt,
+    codegen::tracert::TraceRuntimeConfig,
+    codegen::{concrete_type::ConcreteTypeStore, CodeGenTask, WithCall, WorkerRegistry},
     symbol_resolver::SymbolResolver,
     toplevel::{
-        builtins::get_exn_constructor,
-        composer::{BuiltinFuncCreator, BuiltinFuncSpec, ComposerConfig, TopLevelComposer},
+        composer::{ComposerConfig, TopLevelComposer},
         DefinitionId, GenCall, TopLevelDef,
     },
-    typecheck::{
-        type_inferencer::PrimitiveStore,
-        typedef::{into_var_map, FunSignature, FuncArg, Type, TypeEnum, Unifier, VarMap},
-    },
+    typecheck::typedef::{FunSignature, FuncArg},
+    typecheck::{type_inferencer::PrimitiveStore, typedef::Type},
 };
+
 use nac3ld::Linker;
 
-use codegen::{
-    attributes_writeback, gen_core_log, gen_rtio_log, rpc_codegen_callback, ArtiqCodeGenerator,
+use tempfile::{self, TempDir};
+
+use crate::codegen::attributes_writeback;
+use crate::{
+    codegen::{rpc_codegen_callback, ArtiqCodeGenerator},
+    symbol_resolver::{DeferredEvaluationStore, InnerResolver, PythonHelper, Resolver},
 };
-use symbol_resolver::{DeferredEvaluationStore, InnerResolver, PythonHelper, Resolver};
-use timeline::TimeFns;
 
 mod codegen;
 mod symbol_resolver;
 mod timeline;
 
+use timeline::TimeFns;
+
 #[derive(PartialEq, Clone, Copy)]
 enum Isa {
     Host,
@@ -128,7 +127,7 @@ struct Nac3 {
     isa: Isa,
     time_fns: &'static (dyn TimeFns + Sync),
     primitive: PrimitiveStore,
-    builtins: Vec<BuiltinFuncSpec>,
+    builtins: Vec<(StrRef, FunSignature, Arc<GenCall>)>,
     pyid_to_def: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<u64, DefinitionId>>>,
     primitive_ids: PrimitivePythonId,
     working_directory: TempDir,
@@ -195,8 +194,10 @@ impl Nac3 {
                     body.retain(|stmt| {
                         if let StmtKind::FunctionDef { ref decorator_list, .. } = stmt.node {
                             decorator_list.iter().any(|decorator| {
-                                if let Some(id) = decorator_id_string(decorator) {
-                                    id == "kernel" || id == "portable" || id == "rpc"
+                                if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = decorator.node {
+                                    id.to_string() == "kernel"
+                                        || id.to_string() == "portable"
+                                        || id.to_string() == "rpc"
                                 } else {
                                     false
                                 }
@@ -209,8 +210,9 @@ impl Nac3 {
                 }
                 StmtKind::FunctionDef { ref decorator_list, .. } => {
                     decorator_list.iter().any(|decorator| {
-                        if let Some(id) = decorator_id_string(decorator) {
-                            id == "extern" || id == "kernel" || id == "portable" || id == "rpc"
+                        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = decorator.node {
+                            let id = id.to_string();
+                            id == "extern" || id == "portable" || id == "kernel" || id == "rpc"
                         } else {
                             false
                         }
@@ -263,7 +265,7 @@ impl Nac3 {
                     arg_names.len(),
                 ));
             }
-            for (i, FuncArg { ty, default_value, name, .. }) in args.iter().enumerate() {
+            for (i, FuncArg { ty, default_value, name }) in args.iter().enumerate() {
                 let in_name = match arg_names.get(i) {
                     Some(n) => n,
                     None if default_value.is_none() => {
@@ -299,64 +301,6 @@ impl Nac3 {
         None
     }
 
-    /// Returns a [`Vec`] of builtins that needs to be initialized during method compilation time.
-    fn get_lateinit_builtins() -> Vec<Box<BuiltinFuncCreator>> {
-        vec![
-            Box::new(|primitives, unifier| {
-                let arg_ty = unifier.get_fresh_var(Some("T".into()), None);
-
-                (
-                    "core_log".into(),
-                    FunSignature {
-                        args: vec![FuncArg {
-                            name: "arg".into(),
-                            ty: arg_ty.ty,
-                            default_value: None,
-                            is_vararg: false,
-                        }],
-                        ret: primitives.none,
-                        vars: into_var_map([arg_ty]),
-                    },
-                    Arc::new(GenCall::new(Box::new(move |ctx, obj, fun, args, generator| {
-                        gen_core_log(ctx, &obj, fun, &args, generator)?;
-
-                        Ok(None)
-                    }))),
-                )
-            }),
-            Box::new(|primitives, unifier| {
-                let arg_ty = unifier.get_fresh_var(Some("T".into()), None);
-
-                (
-                    "rtio_log".into(),
-                    FunSignature {
-                        args: vec![
-                            FuncArg {
-                                name: "channel".into(),
-                                ty: primitives.str,
-                                default_value: None,
-                                is_vararg: false,
-                            },
-                            FuncArg {
-                                name: "arg".into(),
-                                ty: arg_ty.ty,
-                                default_value: None,
-                                is_vararg: false,
-                            },
-                        ],
-                        ret: primitives.none,
-                        vars: into_var_map([arg_ty]),
-                    },
-                    Arc::new(GenCall::new(Box::new(move |ctx, obj, fun, args, generator| {
-                        gen_rtio_log(ctx, &obj, fun, &args, generator)?;
-
-                        Ok(None)
-                    }))),
-                )
-            }),
-        ]
-    }
-
     fn compile_method<T>(
         &self,
         obj: &PyAny,
@@ -369,7 +313,6 @@ impl Nac3 {
         let size_t = self.isa.get_size_type();
         let (mut composer, mut builtins_def, mut builtins_ty) = TopLevelComposer::new(
             self.builtins.clone(),
-            Self::get_lateinit_builtins(),
             ComposerConfig { kernel_ann: Some("Kernel"), kernel_invariant_ann: "KernelInvariant" },
             size_t,
         );
@@ -446,6 +389,7 @@ impl Nac3 {
                         pyid_to_type: pyid_to_type.clone(),
                         primitive_ids: self.primitive_ids.clone(),
                         global_value_ids: global_value_ids.clone(),
+                        class_names: Mutex::default(),
                         name_to_pyid: name_to_pyid.clone(),
                         module: module.clone(),
                         id_to_pyval: RwLock::default(),
@@ -476,25 +420,9 @@ impl Nac3 {
 
             match &stmt.node {
                 StmtKind::FunctionDef { decorator_list, .. } => {
-                    if decorator_list
-                        .iter()
-                        .any(|decorator| decorator_id_string(decorator) == Some("rpc".to_string()))
-                    {
-                        store_fun
-                            .call1(
-                                py,
-                                (
-                                    def_id.0.into_py(py),
-                                    module.getattr(py, name.to_string().as_str()).unwrap(),
-                                ),
-                            )
-                            .unwrap();
-                        let is_async = decorator_list.iter().any(|decorator| {
-                            decorator_get_flags(decorator)
-                                .iter()
-                                .any(|constant| *constant == Constant::Str("async".into()))
-                        });
-                        rpc_ids.push((None, def_id, is_async));
+                    if decorator_list.iter().any(|decorator| matches!(decorator.node, ExprKind::Name { id, .. } if id == "rpc".into())) {
+                        store_fun.call1(py, (def_id.0.into_py(py), module.getattr(py, name.to_string().as_str()).unwrap())).unwrap();
+                        rpc_ids.push((None, def_id));
                     }
                 }
                 StmtKind::ClassDef { name, body, .. } => {
@@ -502,26 +430,19 @@ impl Nac3 {
                     let class_obj = module.getattr(py, class_name.as_str()).unwrap();
                     for stmt in body {
                         if let StmtKind::FunctionDef { name, decorator_list, .. } = &stmt.node {
-                            if decorator_list.iter().any(|decorator| {
-                                decorator_id_string(decorator) == Some("rpc".to_string())
-                            }) {
-                                let is_async = decorator_list.iter().any(|decorator| {
-                                    decorator_get_flags(decorator)
-                                        .iter()
-                                        .any(|constant| *constant == Constant::Str("async".into()))
-                                });
+                            if decorator_list.iter().any(|decorator| matches!(decorator.node, ExprKind::Name { id, .. } if id == "rpc".into())) {
                                 if name == &"__init__".into() {
                                     return Err(CompileError::new_err(format!(
                                         "compilation failed\n----------\nThe constructor of class {} should not be decorated with rpc decorator (at {})",
                                         class_name, stmt.location
                                     )));
                                 }
-                                rpc_ids.push((Some((class_obj.clone(), *name)), def_id, is_async));
+                                rpc_ids.push((Some((class_obj.clone(), *name)), def_id));
                             }
                         }
                     }
                 }
-                _ => (),
+                _ => ()
             }
 
             let id = *name_to_pyid.get(&name).unwrap();
@@ -560,6 +481,7 @@ impl Nac3 {
             pyid_to_type: pyid_to_type.clone(),
             primitive_ids: self.primitive_ids.clone(),
             global_value_ids: global_value_ids.clone(),
+            class_names: Mutex::default(),
             id_to_pyval: RwLock::default(),
             id_to_primitive: RwLock::default(),
             field_to_val: RwLock::default(),
@@ -576,10 +498,6 @@ impl Nac3 {
             .register_top_level(synthesized.pop().unwrap(), Some(resolver.clone()), "", false)
             .unwrap();
 
-        // Process IRRT
-        let context = Context::create();
-        let irrt = load_irrt(&context, resolver.as_ref());
-
         let fun_signature =
             FunSignature { args: vec![], ret: self.primitive.none, vars: VarMap::new() };
         let mut store = ConcreteTypeStore::new();
@@ -617,12 +535,13 @@ impl Nac3 {
         let top_level = Arc::new(composer.make_top_level_context());
 
         {
+            let rpc_codegen = rpc_codegen_callback();
             let defs = top_level.definitions.read();
-            for (class_data, id, is_async) in &rpc_ids {
+            for (class_data, id) in &rpc_ids {
                 let mut def = defs[id.0].write();
                 match &mut *def {
                     TopLevelDef::Function { codegen_callback, .. } => {
-                        *codegen_callback = Some(rpc_codegen_callback(*is_async));
+                        *codegen_callback = Some(rpc_codegen.clone());
                     }
                     TopLevelDef::Class { methods, .. } => {
                         let (class_def, method_name) = class_data.as_ref().unwrap();
@@ -633,7 +552,7 @@ impl Nac3 {
                             if let TopLevelDef::Function { codegen_callback, .. } =
                                 &mut *defs[id.0].write()
                             {
-                                *codegen_callback = Some(rpc_codegen_callback(*is_async));
+                                *codegen_callback = Some(rpc_codegen.clone());
                                 store_fun
                                     .call1(
                                         py,
@@ -648,11 +567,6 @@ impl Nac3 {
                             }
                         }
                     }
-                    TopLevelDef::Variable { .. } => {
-                        return Err(CompileError::new_err(String::from(
-                            "Unsupported @rpc annotation on global variable",
-                        )))
-                    }
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -712,9 +626,7 @@ impl Nac3 {
             let buffer = buffer.as_slice().into();
             membuffer.lock().push(buffer);
         })));
-        let size_t = context
-            .ptr_sized_int_type(&self.get_llvm_target_machine().get_target_data(), None)
-            .get_bit_width();
+        let size_t = if self.isa == Isa::Host { 64 } else { 32 };
         let num_threads = if is_multithreaded() { 4 } else { 1 };
         let thread_names: Vec<String> = (0..num_threads).map(|_| "main".to_string()).collect();
         let threads: Vec<_> = thread_names
@@ -724,18 +636,20 @@ impl Nac3 {
 
         let membuffer = membuffers.clone();
         py.allow_threads(|| {
-            let (registry, handles) =
-                WorkerRegistry::create_workers(threads, top_level.clone(), &self.llvm_options, &f);
+            let (registry, handles) = WorkerRegistry::create_workers(
+                threads,
+                top_level.clone(),
+                &self.llvm_options,
+                &TraceRuntimeConfig::default(),
+                &f,
+            );
             registry.add_task(task);
             registry.wait_tasks_complete(handles);
 
             let mut generator =
                 ArtiqCodeGenerator::new("attributes_writeback".to_string(), size_t, self.time_fns);
-            let context = Context::create();
+            let context = inkwell::context::Context::create();
             let module = context.create_module("attributes_writeback");
-            let target_machine = self.llvm_options.create_target_machine().unwrap();
-            module.set_data_layout(&target_machine.get_target_data().get_data_layout());
-            module.set_triple(&target_machine.get_triple());
             let builder = context.create_builder();
             let (_, module, _) = gen_func_impl(
                 &context,
@@ -754,7 +668,7 @@ impl Nac3 {
             membuffer.lock().push(buffer);
         });
 
-        // Link all modules into `main`.
+        let context = inkwell::context::Context::create();
         let buffers = membuffers.lock();
         let main = context
             .create_module_from_ir(MemoryBuffer::create_from_memory_range(&buffers[0], "main"))
@@ -783,7 +697,8 @@ impl Nac3 {
             )
             .unwrap();
 
-        main.link_in_module(irrt).map_err(|err| CompileError::new_err(err.to_string()))?;
+        main.link_in_module(load_irrt(&context))
+            .map_err(|err| CompileError::new_err(err.to_string()))?;
 
         let mut function_iter = main.get_first_function();
         while let Some(func) = function_iter {
@@ -869,41 +784,6 @@ impl Nac3 {
     }
 }
 
-/// Retrieves the Name.id from a decorator, supports decorators with arguments.
-fn decorator_id_string(decorator: &Located<ExprKind>) -> Option<String> {
-    if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = decorator.node {
-        // Bare decorator
-        return Some(id.to_string());
-    } else if let ExprKind::Call { func, .. } = &decorator.node {
-        // Decorators that are calls (e.g. "@rpc()") have Call for the node,
-        // need to extract the id from within.
-        if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = func.node {
-            return Some(id.to_string());
-        }
-    }
-    None
-}
-
-/// Retrieves flags from a decorator, if any.
-fn decorator_get_flags(decorator: &Located<ExprKind>) -> Vec<Constant> {
-    let mut flags = vec![];
-    if let ExprKind::Call { keywords, .. } = &decorator.node {
-        for keyword in keywords {
-            if keyword.node.arg != Some("flags".into()) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            if let ExprKind::Set { elts } = &keyword.node.value.node {
-                for elt in elts {
-                    if let ExprKind::Constant { value, .. } = &elt.node {
-                        flags.push(value.clone());
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-    flags
-}
-
 fn link_with_lld(elf_filename: String, obj_filename: String) -> PyResult<()> {
     let linker_args = vec![
         "-shared".to_string(),
@@ -973,7 +853,7 @@ impl Nac3 {
             Isa::RiscV32IMA => &timeline::NOW_PINNING_TIME_FNS,
             Isa::CortexA9 | Isa::Host => &timeline::EXTERN_TIME_FNS,
         };
-        let (primitive, _) = TopLevelComposer::make_primitives(isa.get_size_type());
+        let primitive: PrimitiveStore = TopLevelComposer::make_primitives(isa.get_size_type()).0;
         let builtins = vec![
             (
                 "now_mu".into(),
@@ -989,7 +869,6 @@ impl Nac3 {
                         name: "t".into(),
                         ty: primitive.int64,
                         default_value: None,
-                        is_vararg: false,
                     }],
                     ret: primitive.none,
                     vars: VarMap::new(),
@@ -1009,7 +888,6 @@ impl Nac3 {
                         name: "dt".into(),
                         ty: primitive.int64,
                         default_value: None,
-                        is_vararg: false,
                     }],
                     ret: primitive.none,
                     vars: VarMap::new(),

nac3artiq/src/symbol_resolver.rs

@@ -1,30 +1,14 @@
-use std::{
-    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
-    sync::{
-        atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering::Relaxed},
-        Arc,
-    },
+use inkwell::{
+    types::{BasicType, BasicTypeEnum},
+    values::BasicValueEnum,
+    AddressSpace,
 };
-
 use itertools::Itertools;
-use parking_lot::RwLock;
-use pyo3::{
-    types::{PyDict, PyTuple},
-    PyAny, PyObject, PyResult, Python,
-};
-
 use nac3core::{
     codegen::{
         classes::{NDArrayType, ProxyType},
         CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator,
     },
-    inkwell::{
-        module::Linkage,
-        types::{BasicType, BasicTypeEnum},
-        values::BasicValueEnum,
-        AddressSpace,
-    },
-    nac3parser::ast::{self, StrRef},
     symbol_resolver::{StaticValue, SymbolResolver, SymbolValue, ValueEnum},
     toplevel::{
         helper::PrimDef,
@@ -36,8 +20,21 @@ use nac3core::{
         typedef::{into_var_map, iter_type_vars, Type, TypeEnum, TypeVar, Unifier, VarMap},
     },
 };
+use nac3parser::ast::{self, StrRef};
+use parking_lot::{Mutex, RwLock};
+use pyo3::{
+    types::{PyDict, PyTuple},
+    PyAny, PyObject, PyResult, Python,
+};
+use std::{
+    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
+    sync::{
+        atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering::Relaxed},
+        Arc,
+    },
+};
 
-use super::PrimitivePythonId;
+use crate::PrimitivePythonId;
 
 pub enum PrimitiveValue {
     I32(i32),
@@ -82,6 +79,7 @@ pub struct InnerResolver {
     pub id_to_primitive: RwLock<HashMap<u64, PrimitiveValue>>,
     pub field_to_val: RwLock<HashMap<ResolverField, Option<PyFieldHandle>>>,
     pub global_value_ids: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<u64, PyObject>>>,
+    pub class_names: Mutex<HashMap<StrRef, Type>>,
     pub pyid_to_def: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<u64, DefinitionId>>>,
     pub pyid_to_type: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<u64, Type>>>,
     pub primitive_ids: PrimitivePythonId,
@@ -135,8 +133,6 @@ impl StaticValue for PythonValue {
                         format!("{}_const", self.id).as_str(),
                     );
                     global.set_constant(true);
-                    // Set linkage of global to private to avoid name collisions
-                    global.set_linkage(Linkage::Private);
                     global.set_initializer(&ctx.ctx.const_struct(
                         &[ctx.ctx.i32_type().const_int(u64::from(id), false).into()],
                         false,
@@ -167,7 +163,7 @@ impl StaticValue for PythonValue {
                 PrimitiveValue::Bool(val) => {
                     ctx.ctx.i8_type().const_int(u64::from(*val), false).into()
                 }
-                PrimitiveValue::Str(val) => ctx.gen_string(generator, val).into(),
+                PrimitiveValue::Str(val) => ctx.ctx.const_string(val.as_bytes(), true).into(),
             });
         }
         if let Some(global) = ctx.module.get_global(&self.id.to_string()) {
@@ -355,7 +351,7 @@ impl InnerResolver {
             Ok(Ok((ndarray, false)))
         } else if ty_id == self.primitive_ids.tuple {
             // do not handle type var param and concrete check here
-            Ok(Ok((unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: vec![], is_vararg_ctx: false }), false)))
+            Ok(Ok((unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: vec![] }), false)))
         } else if ty_id == self.primitive_ids.option {
             Ok(Ok((primitives.option, false)))
         } else if ty_id == self.primitive_ids.none {
@@ -559,10 +555,7 @@ impl InnerResolver {
                             Err(err) => return Ok(Err(err)),
                             _ => return Ok(Err("tuple type needs at least 1 type parameters".to_string()))
                         };
-                    Ok(Ok((
-                        unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: args, is_vararg_ctx: false }),
-                        true,
-                    )))
+                    Ok(Ok((unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: args }), true)))
                 }
                 TypeEnum::TObj { params, obj_id, .. } => {
                     let subst = {
@@ -804,9 +797,7 @@ impl InnerResolver {
                     .map(|elem| self.get_obj_type(py, elem, unifier, defs, primitives))
                     .collect();
                 let types = types?;
-                Ok(types.map(|types| {
-                    unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: types, is_vararg_ctx: false })
-                }))
+                Ok(types.map(|types| unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: types })))
             }
             // special handling for option type since its class member layout in python side
             // is special and cannot be mapped directly to a nac3 type as below
@@ -981,7 +972,7 @@ impl InnerResolver {
         } else if ty_id == self.primitive_ids.string || ty_id == self.primitive_ids.np_str_ {
             let val: String = obj.extract().unwrap();
             self.id_to_primitive.write().insert(id, PrimitiveValue::Str(val.clone()));
-            Ok(Some(ctx.gen_string(generator, val).into()))
+            Ok(Some(ctx.ctx.const_string(val.as_bytes(), true).into()))
         } else if ty_id == self.primitive_ids.float || ty_id == self.primitive_ids.float64 {
             let val: f64 = obj.extract().unwrap();
             self.id_to_primitive.write().insert(id, PrimitiveValue::F64(val));
@@ -1000,15 +991,8 @@ impl InnerResolver {
                 }
                 _ => unreachable!("must be list"),
             };
+            let ty = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty);
             let size_t = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-            let ty = if len == 0
-                && matches!(&*ctx.unifier.get_ty_immutable(elem_ty), TypeEnum::TVar { .. })
-            {
-                // The default type for zero-length lists of unknown element type is size_t
-                size_t.into()
-            } else {
-                ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty)
-            };
             let arr_ty = ctx
                 .ctx
                 .struct_type(&[ty.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()).into(), size_t.into()], false);
@@ -1212,9 +1196,7 @@ impl InnerResolver {
             Ok(Some(ndarray.as_pointer_value().into()))
         } else if ty_id == self.primitive_ids.tuple {
             let expected_ty_enum = ctx.unifier.get_ty_immutable(expected_ty);
-            let TypeEnum::TTuple { ty, is_vararg_ctx: false } = expected_ty_enum.as_ref() else {
-                unreachable!()
-            };
+            let TypeEnum::TTuple { ty } = expected_ty_enum.as_ref() else { unreachable!() };
 
             let tup_tys = ty.iter();
             let elements: &PyTuple = obj.downcast()?;
@@ -1470,7 +1452,6 @@ impl SymbolResolver for Resolver {
         &self,
         id: StrRef,
         _: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-        _: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
     ) -> Option<ValueEnum<'ctx>> {
         let sym_value = {
             let id_to_val = self.0.id_to_pyval.read();

nac3artiq/src/timeline.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,9 @@
-use itertools::Either;
-
-use nac3core::{
-    codegen::CodeGenContext,
-    inkwell::{
+use inkwell::{
     values::{BasicValueEnum, CallSiteValue},
     AddressSpace, AtomicOrdering,
-    },
 };
+use itertools::Either;
+use nac3core::codegen::CodeGenContext;
 
 /// Functions for manipulating the timeline.
 pub trait TimeFns {
@@ -34,7 +31,7 @@ impl TimeFns for NowPinningTimeFns64 {
             .unwrap_or_else(|| ctx.module.add_global(i64_type, None, "now"));
         let now_hiptr = ctx
             .builder
-            .build_bit_cast(now, i32_type.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()), "now.hi.addr")
+            .build_bitcast(now, i32_type.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()), "now.hi.addr")
             .map(BasicValueEnum::into_pointer_value)
             .unwrap();
 
@@ -83,7 +80,7 @@ impl TimeFns for NowPinningTimeFns64 {
             .unwrap_or_else(|| ctx.module.add_global(i64_type, None, "now"));
         let now_hiptr = ctx
             .builder
-            .build_bit_cast(now, i32_type.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()), "now.hi.addr")
+            .build_bitcast(now, i32_type.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()), "now.hi.addr")
             .map(BasicValueEnum::into_pointer_value)
             .unwrap();
 
@@ -112,7 +109,7 @@ impl TimeFns for NowPinningTimeFns64 {
             .unwrap_or_else(|| ctx.module.add_global(i64_type, None, "now"));
         let now_hiptr = ctx
             .builder
-            .build_bit_cast(now, i32_type.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()), "now.hi.addr")
+            .build_bitcast(now, i32_type.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()), "now.hi.addr")
             .map(BasicValueEnum::into_pointer_value)
             .unwrap();
 
@@ -210,7 +207,7 @@ impl TimeFns for NowPinningTimeFns {
             .unwrap_or_else(|| ctx.module.add_global(i64_type, None, "now"));
         let now_hiptr = ctx
             .builder
-            .build_bit_cast(now, i32_type.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()), "now.hi.addr")
+            .build_bitcast(now, i32_type.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()), "now.hi.addr")
             .map(BasicValueEnum::into_pointer_value)
             .unwrap();
 
@@ -261,7 +258,7 @@ impl TimeFns for NowPinningTimeFns {
         let time_lo = ctx.builder.build_int_truncate(time, i32_type, "time.lo").unwrap();
         let now_hiptr = ctx
             .builder
-            .build_bit_cast(now, i32_type.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()), "now.hi.addr")
+            .build_bitcast(now, i32_type.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()), "now.hi.addr")
             .map(BasicValueEnum::into_pointer_value)
             .unwrap();
 

nac3ast/Cargo.toml

@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ constant-optimization = ["fold"]
 fold = []
 
 [dependencies]
+lazy_static = "1.5"
 parking_lot = "0.12"
 string-interner = "0.17"
 fxhash = "0.2"

nac3ast/src/ast_gen.rs

@@ -5,12 +5,14 @@ pub use crate::location::Location;
 
 use fxhash::FxBuildHasher;
 use parking_lot::{Mutex, MutexGuard};
-use std::{cell::RefCell, collections::HashMap, fmt, sync::LazyLock};
+use std::{cell::RefCell, collections::HashMap, fmt};
 use string_interner::{symbol::SymbolU32, DefaultBackend, StringInterner};
 
 pub type Interner = StringInterner<DefaultBackend, FxBuildHasher>;
-static INTERNER: LazyLock<Mutex<Interner>> =
-    LazyLock::new(|| Mutex::new(StringInterner::with_hasher(FxBuildHasher::default())));
+lazy_static! {
+    static ref INTERNER: Mutex<Interner> =
+        Mutex::new(StringInterner::with_hasher(FxBuildHasher::default()));
+}
 
 thread_local! {
     static LOCAL_INTERNER: RefCell<HashMap<String, StrRef>> = RefCell::default();

nac3ast/src/lib.rs

@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
     clippy::wildcard_imports
 )]
 
+#[macro_use]
+extern crate lazy_static;
+
 mod ast_gen;
 mod constant;
 #[cfg(feature = "fold")]

nac3core/Cargo.toml

@@ -5,22 +5,22 @@ authors = ["M-Labs"]
 edition = "2021"
 
 [features]
-no-escape-analysis = []
+tracing = []
 
 [dependencies]
 itertools = "0.13"
 crossbeam = "0.8"
-indexmap = "2.6"
+indexmap = "2.2"
 parking_lot = "0.12"
-rayon = "1.10"
+rayon = "1.8"
 nac3parser = { path = "../nac3parser" }
-strum = "0.26"
-strum_macros = "0.26"
+strum = "0.26.2"
+strum_macros = "0.26.4"
 
 [dependencies.inkwell]
-version = "0.5"
+version = "0.4"
 default-features = false
-features = ["llvm14-0-prefer-dynamic", "target-x86", "target-arm", "target-riscv", "no-libffi-linking"]
+features = ["llvm14-0", "target-x86", "target-arm", "target-riscv", "no-libffi-linking"]
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 test-case = "1.2.0"
@@ -28,4 +28,5 @@ indoc = "2.0"
 insta = "=1.11.0"
 
 [build-dependencies]
+itertools = "0.13"
 regex = "1.10"

nac3core/build.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+use std::ffi::OsStr;
 use std::{
     env,
     fs::File,
@@ -6,53 +7,44 @@ use std::{
     process::{Command, Stdio},
 };
 
+use itertools::Itertools;
 use regex::Regex;
 
-fn main() {
-    let out_dir = env::var("OUT_DIR").unwrap();
-    let out_dir = Path::new(&out_dir);
-    let irrt_dir = Path::new("irrt");
-
-    let irrt_cpp_path = irrt_dir.join("irrt.cpp");
+/// Extracts the extension-less filename from a [`Path`].
+fn path_to_extless_filename(path: &Path) -> &str {
+    path.file_name().map(Path::new).and_then(Path::file_stem).and_then(OsStr::to_str).unwrap()
+}
 
+/// Compiles a source C file into LLVM bitcode.
+fn compile_file_to_ir(path: &Path, filename_without_ext: &str) {
     /*
      * HACK: Sadly, clang doesn't let us emit generic LLVM bitcode.
      * Compiling for WASM32 and filtering the output with regex is the closest we can get.
      */
-    let mut flags: Vec<&str> = vec![
+    let flags: &[&str] = &[
         "--target=wasm32",
-        "-x",
-        "c++",
-        "-std=c++20",
+        path.to_str().unwrap(),
+        "-x", "c++",
         "-fno-discard-value-names",
         "-fno-exceptions",
         "-fno-rtti",
+        match env::var("PROFILE").as_deref() {
+            Ok("debug") => "-O0",
+            Ok("release") => "-O3",
+            flavor => panic!("Unknown or missing build flavor {flavor:?}"),
+        },
         "-emit-llvm",
         "-S",
         "-Wall",
         "-Wextra",
         "-o",
         "-",
-        "-I",
-        irrt_dir.to_str().unwrap(),
-        irrt_cpp_path.to_str().unwrap(),
     ];
 
-    match env::var("PROFILE").as_deref() {
-        Ok("debug") => {
-            flags.push("-O0");
-            flags.push("-DIRRT_DEBUG_ASSERT");
-        }
-        Ok("release") => {
-            flags.push("-O3");
-        }
-        flavor => panic!("Unknown or missing build flavor {flavor:?}"),
-    }
+    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed={}", path.to_str().unwrap());
+    let out_dir = env::var("OUT_DIR").unwrap();
+    let out_path = Path::new(&out_dir);
 
-    // Tell Cargo to rerun if any file under `irrt_dir` (recursive) changes
-    println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed={}", irrt_dir.to_str().unwrap());
-
-    // Compile IRRT and capture the LLVM IR output
     let output = Command::new("clang-irrt")
         .args(flags)
         .output()
@@ -62,22 +54,11 @@ fn main() {
         })
         .unwrap();
 
-    // https://github.com/rust-lang/regex/issues/244
-    let output = std::str::from_utf8(&output.stdout).unwrap().replace("\r\n", "\n");
+    let output = std::str::from_utf8(&output.stdout).unwrap();
     let mut filtered_output = String::with_capacity(output.len());
 
-    // Filter out irrelevant IR
-    //
-    // Regex:
-    // - `(?ms:^define.*?\}$)` captures LLVM `define` blocks
-    // - `(?m:^declare.*?$)` captures LLVM `declare` lines
-    // - `(?m:^%.+?=\s*type\s*\{.+?\}$)` captures LLVM `type` declarations
-    // - `(?m:^@.+?=.+$)` captures global constants
-    let regex_filter = Regex::new(
-        r"(?ms:^define.*?\}$)|(?m:^declare.*?$)|(?m:^%.+?=\s*type\s*\{.+?\}$)|(?m:^@.+?=.+$)",
-    )
-    .unwrap();
-    for f in regex_filter.captures_iter(&output) {
+    let regex_filter = Regex::new(r"(?ms:^define.*?\}$)|(?m:^declare.*?$)").unwrap();
+    for f in regex_filter.captures_iter(output) {
         assert_eq!(f.len(), 1);
         filtered_output.push_str(&f[0]);
         filtered_output.push('\n');
@@ -87,24 +68,34 @@ fn main() {
         .unwrap()
         .replace_all(&filtered_output, "");
 
-    // For debugging
-    // Doing `DEBUG_DUMP_IRRT=1 cargo build -p nac3core` dumps the LLVM IR generated
-    const DEBUG_DUMP_IRRT: &str = "DEBUG_DUMP_IRRT";
-    println!("cargo:rerun-if-env-changed={DEBUG_DUMP_IRRT}");
-    if env::var(DEBUG_DUMP_IRRT).is_ok() {
-        let mut file = File::create(out_dir.join("irrt.ll")).unwrap();
+    println!("cargo:rerun-if-env-changed=DEBUG_DUMP_IRRT");
+    if env::var("DEBUG_DUMP_IRRT").is_ok() {
+        let mut file = File::create(out_path.join(format!("{filename_without_ext}.ll"))).unwrap();
         file.write_all(output.as_bytes()).unwrap();
-
-        let mut file = File::create(out_dir.join("irrt-filtered.ll")).unwrap();
+        let mut file =
+            File::create(out_path.join(format!("{filename_without_ext}-filtered.ll"))).unwrap();
         file.write_all(filtered_output.as_bytes()).unwrap();
     }
 
     let mut llvm_as = Command::new("llvm-as-irrt")
         .stdin(Stdio::piped())
         .arg("-o")
-        .arg(out_dir.join("irrt.bc"))
+        .arg(out_path.join(format!("{filename_without_ext}.bc")))
         .spawn()
         .unwrap();
     llvm_as.stdin.as_mut().unwrap().write_all(filtered_output.as_bytes()).unwrap();
     assert!(llvm_as.wait().unwrap().success());
 }
+
+fn main() {
+    const IRRT_SOURCE_PATHS: &[&str] =
+        &["src/codegen/irrt/irrt.cpp", "src/codegen/tracert/tracert.cpp"];
+
+    assert!(IRRT_SOURCE_PATHS.iter().map(Path::new).map(path_to_extless_filename).all_unique());
+
+    for path in IRRT_SOURCE_PATHS {
+        let path = Path::new(path);
+
+        compile_file_to_ir(path, path_to_extless_filename(path))
+    }
+}

nac3core/irrt/irrt.cpp

@@ -1,6 +0,0 @@
-#include "irrt/exception.hpp"
-#include "irrt/int_types.hpp"
-#include "irrt/list.hpp"
-#include "irrt/math.hpp"
-#include "irrt/ndarray.hpp"
-#include "irrt/slice.hpp"

nac3core/irrt/irrt/cslice.hpp

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "irrt/int_types.hpp"
-
-template<typename SizeT>
-struct CSlice {
-    uint8_t* base;
-    SizeT len;
-};

nac3core/irrt/irrt/debug.hpp

@@ -1,25 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-// Set in nac3core/build.rs
-#ifdef IRRT_DEBUG_ASSERT
-#define IRRT_DEBUG_ASSERT_BOOL true
-#else
-#define IRRT_DEBUG_ASSERT_BOOL false
-#endif
-
-#define raise_debug_assert(SizeT, msg, param1, param2, param3) \
-    raise_exception(SizeT, EXN_ASSERTION_ERROR, "IRRT debug assert failed: " msg, param1, param2, param3)
-
-#define debug_assert_eq(SizeT, lhs, rhs)                                           \
-    if constexpr (IRRT_DEBUG_ASSERT_BOOL) {                                        \
-        if ((lhs) != (rhs)) {                                                      \
-            raise_debug_assert(SizeT, "LHS = {0}. RHS = {1}", lhs, rhs, NO_PARAM); \
-        }                                                                          \
-    }
-
-#define debug_assert(SizeT, expr)                                                  \
-    if constexpr (IRRT_DEBUG_ASSERT_BOOL) {                                        \
-        if (!(expr)) {                                                             \
-            raise_debug_assert(SizeT, "Got false.", NO_PARAM, NO_PARAM, NO_PARAM); \
-        }                                                                          \
-    }

nac3core/irrt/irrt/exception.hpp

@@ -1,82 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "irrt/cslice.hpp"
-#include "irrt/int_types.hpp"
-
-/**
- * @brief The int type of ARTIQ exception IDs.
- */
-typedef int32_t ExceptionId;
-
-/*
- * Set of exceptions C++ IRRT can use.
- * Must be synchronized with `setup_irrt_exceptions` in `nac3core/src/codegen/irrt/mod.rs`.
- */
-extern "C" {
-ExceptionId EXN_INDEX_ERROR;
-ExceptionId EXN_VALUE_ERROR;
-ExceptionId EXN_ASSERTION_ERROR;
-ExceptionId EXN_TYPE_ERROR;
-}
-
-/**
- * @brief Extern function to `__nac3_raise`
- *
- * The parameter `err` could be `Exception<int32_t>` or `Exception<int64_t>`. The caller
- * must make sure to pass `Exception`s with the correct `SizeT` depending on the `size_t` of the runtime.
- */
-extern "C" void __nac3_raise(void* err);
-
-namespace {
-/**
- * @brief NAC3's Exception struct
- */
-template<typename SizeT>
-struct Exception {
-    ExceptionId id;
-    CSlice<SizeT> filename;
-    int32_t line;
-    int32_t column;
-    CSlice<SizeT> function;
-    CSlice<SizeT> msg;
-    int64_t params[3];
-};
-
-constexpr int64_t NO_PARAM = 0;
-
-template<typename SizeT>
-void _raise_exception_helper(ExceptionId id,
-                             const char* filename,
-                             int32_t line,
-                             const char* function,
-                             const char* msg,
-                             int64_t param0,
-                             int64_t param1,
-                             int64_t param2) {
-    Exception<SizeT> e = {
-        .id = id,
-        .filename = {.base = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(filename), .len = __builtin_strlen(filename)},
-        .line = line,
-        .column = 0,
-        .function = {.base = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(function), .len = __builtin_strlen(function)},
-        .msg = {.base = reinterpret_cast<const uint8_t*>(msg), .len = __builtin_strlen(msg)},
-    };
-    e.params[0] = param0;
-    e.params[1] = param1;
-    e.params[2] = param2;
-    __nac3_raise(reinterpret_cast<void*>(&e));
-    __builtin_unreachable();
-}
-
-/**
- * @brief Raise an exception with location details (location in the IRRT source files).
- * @param SizeT The runtime `size_t` type.
- * @param id The ID of the exception to raise.
- * @param msg A global constant C-string of the error message.
- *
- * `param0` to `param2` are optional format arguments of `msg`. They should be set to
- * `NO_PARAM` to indicate they are unused.
- */
-#define raise_exception(SizeT, id, msg, param0, param1, param2) \
-    _raise_exception_helper<SizeT>(id, __FILE__, __LINE__, __FUNCTION__, msg, param0, param1, param2)
-}  // namespace

nac3core/irrt/irrt/int_types.hpp

@@ -1,22 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#if __STDC_VERSION__ >= 202000
-using int8_t = _BitInt(8);
-using uint8_t = unsigned _BitInt(8);
-using int32_t = _BitInt(32);
-using uint32_t = unsigned _BitInt(32);
-using int64_t = _BitInt(64);
-using uint64_t = unsigned _BitInt(64);
-#else
-using int8_t = _ExtInt(8);
-using uint8_t = unsigned _ExtInt(8);
-using int32_t = _ExtInt(32);
-using uint32_t = unsigned _ExtInt(32);
-using int64_t = _ExtInt(64);
-using uint64_t = unsigned _ExtInt(64);
-#endif
-
-// NDArray indices are always `uint32_t`.
-using NDIndex = uint32_t;
-// The type of an index or a value describing the length of a range/slice is always `int32_t`.
-using SliceIndex = int32_t;

nac3core/irrt/irrt/list.hpp

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "irrt/int_types.hpp"
-#include "irrt/math_util.hpp"
-
-extern "C" {
-// Handle list assignment and dropping part of the list when
-// both dest_step and src_step are +1.
-// - All the index must *not* be out-of-bound or negative,
-// - The end index is *inclusive*,
-// - The length of src and dest slice size should already
-// be checked: if dest.step == 1 then len(src) <= len(dest) else len(src) == len(dest)
-SliceIndex __nac3_list_slice_assign_var_size(SliceIndex dest_start,
-                                             SliceIndex dest_end,
-                                             SliceIndex dest_step,
-                                             uint8_t* dest_arr,
-                                             SliceIndex dest_arr_len,
-                                             SliceIndex src_start,
-                                             SliceIndex src_end,
-                                             SliceIndex src_step,
-                                             uint8_t* src_arr,
-                                             SliceIndex src_arr_len,
-                                             const SliceIndex size) {
-    /* if dest_arr_len == 0, do nothing since we do not support extending list */
-    if (dest_arr_len == 0)
-        return dest_arr_len;
-    /* if both step is 1, memmove directly, handle the dropping of the list, and shrink size */
-    if (src_step == dest_step && dest_step == 1) {
-        const SliceIndex src_len = (src_end >= src_start) ? (src_end - src_start + 1) : 0;
-        const SliceIndex dest_len = (dest_end >= dest_start) ? (dest_end - dest_start + 1) : 0;
-        if (src_len > 0) {
-            __builtin_memmove(dest_arr + dest_start * size, src_arr + src_start * size, src_len * size);
-        }
-        if (dest_len > 0) {
-            /* dropping */
-            __builtin_memmove(dest_arr + (dest_start + src_len) * size, dest_arr + (dest_end + 1) * size,
-                              (dest_arr_len - dest_end - 1) * size);
-        }
-        /* shrink size */
-        return dest_arr_len - (dest_len - src_len);
-    }
-    /* if two range overlaps, need alloca */
-    uint8_t need_alloca = (dest_arr == src_arr)
-                          && !(max(dest_start, dest_end) < min(src_start, src_end)
-                               || max(src_start, src_end) < min(dest_start, dest_end));
-    if (need_alloca) {
-        uint8_t* tmp = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(__builtin_alloca(src_arr_len * size));
-        __builtin_memcpy(tmp, src_arr, src_arr_len * size);
-        src_arr = tmp;
-    }
-    SliceIndex src_ind = src_start;
-    SliceIndex dest_ind = dest_start;
-    for (; (src_step > 0) ? (src_ind <= src_end) : (src_ind >= src_end); src_ind += src_step, dest_ind += dest_step) {
-        /* for constant optimization */
-        if (size == 1) {
-            __builtin_memcpy(dest_arr + dest_ind, src_arr + src_ind, 1);
-        } else if (size == 4) {
-            __builtin_memcpy(dest_arr + dest_ind * 4, src_arr + src_ind * 4, 4);
-        } else if (size == 8) {
-            __builtin_memcpy(dest_arr + dest_ind * 8, src_arr + src_ind * 8, 8);
-        } else {
-            /* memcpy for var size, cannot overlap after previous alloca */
-            __builtin_memcpy(dest_arr + dest_ind * size, src_arr + src_ind * size, size);
-        }
-    }
-    /* only dest_step == 1 can we shrink the dest list. */
-    /* size should be ensured prior to calling this function */
-    if (dest_step == 1 && dest_end >= dest_start) {
-        __builtin_memmove(dest_arr + dest_ind * size, dest_arr + (dest_end + 1) * size,
-                          (dest_arr_len - dest_end - 1) * size);
-        return dest_arr_len - (dest_end - dest_ind) - 1;
-    }
-    return dest_arr_len;
-}
-}  // extern "C"

nac3core/irrt/irrt/math.hpp

@@ -1,93 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-namespace {
-// adapted from GNU Scientific Library: https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/gsl.git/tree/sys/pow_int.c
-// need to make sure `exp >= 0` before calling this function
-template<typename T>
-T __nac3_int_exp_impl(T base, T exp) {
-    T res = 1;
-    /* repeated squaring method */
-    do {
-        if (exp & 1) {
-            res *= base; /* for n odd */
-        }
-        exp >>= 1;
-        base *= base;
-    } while (exp);
-    return res;
-}
-}  // namespace
-
-#define DEF_nac3_int_exp_(T)                   \
-    T __nac3_int_exp_##T(T base, T exp) {      \
-        return __nac3_int_exp_impl(base, exp); \
-    }
-
-extern "C" {
-
-// Putting semicolons here to make clang-format not reformat this into
-// a stair shape.
-DEF_nac3_int_exp_(int32_t);
-DEF_nac3_int_exp_(int64_t);
-DEF_nac3_int_exp_(uint32_t);
-DEF_nac3_int_exp_(uint64_t);
-
-int32_t __nac3_isinf(double x) {
-    return __builtin_isinf(x);
-}
-
-int32_t __nac3_isnan(double x) {
-    return __builtin_isnan(x);
-}
-
-double tgamma(double arg);
-
-double __nac3_gamma(double z) {
-    // Handling for denormals
-    //     | x                 | Python gamma(x) | C tgamma(x) |
-    // --- | ----------------- | --------------- | ----------- |
-    // (1) | nan               | nan             | nan         |
-    // (2) | -inf              | -inf            | inf         |
-    // (3) | inf               | inf             | inf         |
-    // (4) | 0.0               | inf             | inf         |
-    // (5) | {-1.0, -2.0, ...} | inf             | nan         |
-
-    // (1)-(3)
-    if (__builtin_isinf(z) || __builtin_isnan(z)) {
-        return z;
-    }
-
-    double v = tgamma(z);
-
-    // (4)-(5)
-    return __builtin_isinf(v) || __builtin_isnan(v) ? __builtin_inf() : v;
-}
-
-double lgamma(double arg);
-
-double __nac3_gammaln(double x) {
-    // libm's handling of value overflows differs from scipy:
-    // - scipy: gammaln(-inf) -> -inf
-    // - libm : lgamma(-inf) -> inf
-
-    if (__builtin_isinf(x)) {
-        return x;
-    }
-
-    return lgamma(x);
-}
-
-double j0(double x);
-
-double __nac3_j0(double x) {
-    // libm's handling of value overflows differs from scipy:
-    // - scipy: j0(inf) -> nan
-    // - libm : j0(inf) -> 0.0
-
-    if (__builtin_isinf(x)) {
-        return __builtin_nan("");
-    }
-
-    return j0(x);
-}
-}

nac3core/irrt/irrt/math_util.hpp

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-namespace {
-template<typename T>
-const T& max(const T& a, const T& b) {
-    return a > b ? a : b;
-}
-
-template<typename T>
-const T& min(const T& a, const T& b) {
-    return a > b ? b : a;
-}
-}  // namespace

nac3core/irrt/irrt/ndarray.hpp

@@ -1,144 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "irrt/int_types.hpp"
-
-namespace {
-template<typename SizeT>
-SizeT __nac3_ndarray_calc_size_impl(const SizeT* list_data, SizeT list_len, SizeT begin_idx, SizeT end_idx) {
-    __builtin_assume(end_idx <= list_len);
-
-    SizeT num_elems = 1;
-    for (SizeT i = begin_idx; i < end_idx; ++i) {
-        SizeT val = list_data[i];
-        __builtin_assume(val > 0);
-        num_elems *= val;
-    }
-    return num_elems;
-}
-
-template<typename SizeT>
-void __nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices_impl(SizeT index, const SizeT* dims, SizeT num_dims, NDIndex* idxs) {
-    SizeT stride = 1;
-    for (SizeT dim = 0; dim < num_dims; dim++) {
-        SizeT i = num_dims - dim - 1;
-        __builtin_assume(dims[i] > 0);
-        idxs[i] = (index / stride) % dims[i];
-        stride *= dims[i];
-    }
-}
-
-template<typename SizeT>
-SizeT __nac3_ndarray_flatten_index_impl(const SizeT* dims, SizeT num_dims, const NDIndex* indices, SizeT num_indices) {
-    SizeT idx = 0;
-    SizeT stride = 1;
-    for (SizeT i = 0; i < num_dims; ++i) {
-        SizeT ri = num_dims - i - 1;
-        if (ri < num_indices) {
-            idx += stride * indices[ri];
-        }
-
-        __builtin_assume(dims[i] > 0);
-        stride *= dims[ri];
-    }
-    return idx;
-}
-
-template<typename SizeT>
-void __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_impl(const SizeT* lhs_dims,
-                                        SizeT lhs_ndims,
-                                        const SizeT* rhs_dims,
-                                        SizeT rhs_ndims,
-                                        SizeT* out_dims) {
-    SizeT max_ndims = lhs_ndims > rhs_ndims ? lhs_ndims : rhs_ndims;
-
-    for (SizeT i = 0; i < max_ndims; ++i) {
-        const SizeT* lhs_dim_sz = i < lhs_ndims ? &lhs_dims[lhs_ndims - i - 1] : nullptr;
-        const SizeT* rhs_dim_sz = i < rhs_ndims ? &rhs_dims[rhs_ndims - i - 1] : nullptr;
-        SizeT* out_dim = &out_dims[max_ndims - i - 1];
-
-        if (lhs_dim_sz == nullptr) {
-            *out_dim = *rhs_dim_sz;
-        } else if (rhs_dim_sz == nullptr) {
-            *out_dim = *lhs_dim_sz;
-        } else if (*lhs_dim_sz == 1) {
-            *out_dim = *rhs_dim_sz;
-        } else if (*rhs_dim_sz == 1) {
-            *out_dim = *lhs_dim_sz;
-        } else if (*lhs_dim_sz == *rhs_dim_sz) {
-            *out_dim = *lhs_dim_sz;
-        } else {
-            __builtin_unreachable();
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-template<typename SizeT>
-void __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_idx_impl(const SizeT* src_dims,
-                                            SizeT src_ndims,
-                                            const NDIndex* in_idx,
-                                            NDIndex* out_idx) {
-    for (SizeT i = 0; i < src_ndims; ++i) {
-        SizeT src_i = src_ndims - i - 1;
-        out_idx[src_i] = src_dims[src_i] == 1 ? 0 : in_idx[src_i];
-    }
-}
-}  // namespace
-
-extern "C" {
-uint32_t __nac3_ndarray_calc_size(const uint32_t* list_data, uint32_t list_len, uint32_t begin_idx, uint32_t end_idx) {
-    return __nac3_ndarray_calc_size_impl(list_data, list_len, begin_idx, end_idx);
-}
-
-uint64_t
-__nac3_ndarray_calc_size64(const uint64_t* list_data, uint64_t list_len, uint64_t begin_idx, uint64_t end_idx) {
-    return __nac3_ndarray_calc_size_impl(list_data, list_len, begin_idx, end_idx);
-}
-
-void __nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices(uint32_t index, const uint32_t* dims, uint32_t num_dims, NDIndex* idxs) {
-    __nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices_impl(index, dims, num_dims, idxs);
-}
-
-void __nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices64(uint64_t index, const uint64_t* dims, uint64_t num_dims, NDIndex* idxs) {
-    __nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices_impl(index, dims, num_dims, idxs);
-}
-
-uint32_t
-__nac3_ndarray_flatten_index(const uint32_t* dims, uint32_t num_dims, const NDIndex* indices, uint32_t num_indices) {
-    return __nac3_ndarray_flatten_index_impl(dims, num_dims, indices, num_indices);
-}
-
-uint64_t
-__nac3_ndarray_flatten_index64(const uint64_t* dims, uint64_t num_dims, const NDIndex* indices, uint64_t num_indices) {
-    return __nac3_ndarray_flatten_index_impl(dims, num_dims, indices, num_indices);
-}
-
-void __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast(const uint32_t* lhs_dims,
-                                   uint32_t lhs_ndims,
-                                   const uint32_t* rhs_dims,
-                                   uint32_t rhs_ndims,
-                                   uint32_t* out_dims) {
-    return __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_impl(lhs_dims, lhs_ndims, rhs_dims, rhs_ndims, out_dims);
-}
-
-void __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast64(const uint64_t* lhs_dims,
-                                     uint64_t lhs_ndims,
-                                     const uint64_t* rhs_dims,
-                                     uint64_t rhs_ndims,
-                                     uint64_t* out_dims) {
-    return __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_impl(lhs_dims, lhs_ndims, rhs_dims, rhs_ndims, out_dims);
-}
-
-void __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_idx(const uint32_t* src_dims,
-                                       uint32_t src_ndims,
-                                       const NDIndex* in_idx,
-                                       NDIndex* out_idx) {
-    __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_idx_impl(src_dims, src_ndims, in_idx, out_idx);
-}
-
-void __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_idx64(const uint64_t* src_dims,
-                                         uint64_t src_ndims,
-                                         const NDIndex* in_idx,
-                                         NDIndex* out_idx) {
-    __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_idx_impl(src_dims, src_ndims, in_idx, out_idx);
-}
-}

nac3core/irrt/irrt/slice.hpp

@@ -1,28 +0,0 @@
-#pragma once
-
-#include "irrt/int_types.hpp"
-
-extern "C" {
-SliceIndex __nac3_slice_index_bound(SliceIndex i, const SliceIndex len) {
-    if (i < 0) {
-        i = len + i;
-    }
-    if (i < 0) {
-        return 0;
-    } else if (i > len) {
-        return len;
-    }
-    return i;
-}
-
-SliceIndex __nac3_range_slice_len(const SliceIndex start, const SliceIndex end, const SliceIndex step) {
-    SliceIndex diff = end - start;
-    if (diff > 0 && step > 0) {
-        return ((diff - 1) / step) + 1;
-    } else if (diff < 0 && step < 0) {
-        return ((diff + 1) / step) + 1;
-    } else {
-        return 0;
-    }
-}
-}

nac3core/src/codegen/builtin_fns.rs

@@ -1,102 +1,26 @@
-use inkwell::{
-    types::BasicTypeEnum,
-    values::{BasicValue, BasicValueEnum, IntValue, PointerValue},
-    FloatPredicate, IntPredicate, OptimizationLevel,
-};
+use inkwell::types::BasicTypeEnum;
+use inkwell::values::BasicValueEnum;
+use inkwell::{FloatPredicate, IntPredicate, OptimizationLevel};
 use itertools::Itertools;
 
-use super::{
-    classes::{
-        ArrayLikeValue, NDArrayValue, ProxyValue, RangeValue, TypedArrayLikeAccessor,
-        UntypedArrayLikeAccessor, UntypedArrayLikeMutator,
-    },
-    expr::destructure_range,
-    extern_fns, irrt,
-    irrt::calculate_len_for_slice_range,
-    llvm_intrinsics,
-    macros::codegen_unreachable,
-    numpy,
-    numpy::ndarray_elementwise_unaryop_impl,
-    stmt::gen_for_callback_incrementing,
-    CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator,
-};
-use crate::{
-    toplevel::{helper::PrimDef, numpy::unpack_ndarray_var_tys},
-    typecheck::typedef::{Type, TypeEnum},
-};
+use crate::codegen::classes::{NDArrayValue, ProxyValue, UntypedArrayLikeAccessor};
+use crate::codegen::numpy::ndarray_elementwise_unaryop_impl;
+use crate::codegen::stmt::gen_for_callback_incrementing;
+use crate::codegen::{extern_fns, irrt, llvm_intrinsics, numpy, CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator};
+use crate::toplevel::helper::PrimDef;
+use crate::toplevel::numpy::unpack_ndarray_var_tys;
+use crate::typecheck::typedef::Type;
 
 /// Shorthand for [`unreachable!()`] when a type of argument is not supported.
 ///
 /// The generated message will contain the function name and the name of the unsupported type.
 fn unsupported_type(ctx: &CodeGenContext<'_, '_>, fn_name: &str, tys: &[Type]) -> ! {
-    codegen_unreachable!(
-        ctx,
+    unreachable!(
         "{fn_name}() not supported for '{}'",
         tys.iter().map(|ty| format!("'{}'", ctx.unifier.stringify(*ty))).join(", "),
     )
 }
 
-/// Invokes the `len` builtin function.
-pub fn call_len<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    n: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-) -> Result<IntValue<'ctx>, String> {
-    let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
-    let range_ty = ctx.primitives.range;
-    let (arg_ty, arg) = n;
-
-    Ok(if ctx.unifier.unioned(arg_ty, range_ty) {
-        let arg = RangeValue::from_ptr_val(arg.into_pointer_value(), Some("range"));
-        let (start, end, step) = destructure_range(ctx, arg);
-        calculate_len_for_slice_range(generator, ctx, start, end, step)
-    } else {
-        match &*ctx.unifier.get_ty_immutable(arg_ty) {
-            TypeEnum::TTuple { ty, .. } => llvm_i32.const_int(ty.len() as u64, false),
-            TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. } if *obj_id == PrimDef::List.id() => {
-                let zero = llvm_i32.const_zero();
-                let len = ctx
-                    .build_gep_and_load(
-                        arg.into_pointer_value(),
-                        &[zero, llvm_i32.const_int(1, false)],
-                        None,
-                    )
-                    .into_int_value();
-                ctx.builder.build_int_truncate_or_bit_cast(len, llvm_i32, "len").unwrap()
-            }
-            TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. } if *obj_id == PrimDef::NDArray.id() => {
-                let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-
-                let arg = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(arg.into_pointer_value(), llvm_usize, None);
-
-                let ndims = arg.dim_sizes().size(ctx, generator);
-                ctx.make_assert(
-                    generator,
-                    ctx.builder
-                        .build_int_compare(IntPredicate::NE, ndims, llvm_usize.const_zero(), "")
-                        .unwrap(),
-                    "0:TypeError",
-                    "len() of unsized object",
-                    [None, None, None],
-                    ctx.current_loc,
-                );
-
-                let len = unsafe {
-                    arg.dim_sizes().get_typed_unchecked(
-                        ctx,
-                        generator,
-                        &llvm_usize.const_zero(),
-                        None,
-                    )
-                };
-
-                ctx.builder.build_int_truncate_or_bit_cast(len, llvm_i32, "len").unwrap()
-            }
-            _ => codegen_unreachable!(ctx),
-        }
-    })
-}
-
 /// Invokes the `int32` builtin function.
 pub fn call_int32<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     generator: &mut G,
@@ -107,6 +31,7 @@ pub fn call_int32<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
 
     let (n_ty, n) = n;
+
     Ok(match n {
         BasicValueEnum::IntValue(n) if matches!(n.get_type().get_bit_width(), 1 | 8) => {
             debug_assert!(ctx.unifier.unioned(n_ty, ctx.primitives.bool));
@@ -677,7 +602,7 @@ pub fn call_ceil<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
                 ret_elem_ty,
                 None,
                 NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n, llvm_usize, None),
-                |generator, ctx, val| call_ceil(generator, ctx, (elem_ty, val), ret_elem_ty),
+                |generator, ctx, val| call_floor(generator, ctx, (elem_ty, val), ret_elem_ty),
             )?;
 
             ndarray.as_base_value().into()
@@ -736,6 +661,90 @@ pub fn call_min<'ctx>(
     }
 }
 
+/// Invokes the `np_min` builtin function.
+pub fn call_numpy_min<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
+    generator: &mut G,
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    a: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
+) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "np_min";
+
+    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
+
+    let (a_ty, a) = a;
+
+    Ok(match a {
+        BasicValueEnum::IntValue(_) | BasicValueEnum::FloatValue(_) => {
+            debug_assert!([
+                ctx.primitives.bool,
+                ctx.primitives.int32,
+                ctx.primitives.uint32,
+                ctx.primitives.int64,
+                ctx.primitives.uint64,
+                ctx.primitives.float,
+            ]
+            .iter()
+            .any(|ty| ctx.unifier.unioned(a_ty, *ty)));
+
+            a
+        }
+
+        BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n)
+            if a_ty.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).is_some_and(|id| id == PrimDef::NDArray.id()) =>
+        {
+            let (elem_ty, _) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, a_ty);
+            let llvm_ndarray_ty = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty);
+
+            let n = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n, llvm_usize, None);
+            let n_sz = irrt::call_ndarray_calc_size(generator, ctx, &n.dim_sizes(), (None, None));
+            if ctx.registry.llvm_options.opt_level == OptimizationLevel::None {
+                let n_sz_eqz = ctx
+                    .builder
+                    .build_int_compare(IntPredicate::NE, n_sz, n_sz.get_type().const_zero(), "")
+                    .unwrap();
+
+                ctx.make_assert(
+                    generator,
+                    n_sz_eqz,
+                    "0:ValueError",
+                    "zero-size array to reduction operation minimum which has no identity",
+                    [None, None, None],
+                    ctx.current_loc,
+                );
+            }
+
+            let accumulator_addr = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, llvm_ndarray_ty, None)?;
+            unsafe {
+                let identity =
+                    n.data().get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_zero(), None);
+                ctx.builder.build_store(accumulator_addr, identity).unwrap();
+            }
+
+            gen_for_callback_incrementing(
+                generator,
+                ctx,
+                llvm_usize.const_int(1, false),
+                (n_sz, false),
+                |generator, ctx, _, idx| {
+                    let elem = unsafe { n.data().get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &idx, None) };
+
+                    let accumulator = ctx.builder.build_load(accumulator_addr, "").unwrap();
+                    let result = call_min(ctx, (elem_ty, accumulator), (elem_ty, elem));
+                    ctx.builder.build_store(accumulator_addr, result).unwrap();
+
+                    Ok(())
+                },
+                llvm_usize.const_int(1, false),
+            )?;
+
+            let accumulator = ctx.builder.build_load(accumulator_addr, "").unwrap();
+            accumulator
+        }
+
+        _ => unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[a_ty]),
+    })
+}
+
 /// Invokes the `np_minimum` builtin function.
 pub fn call_numpy_minimum<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     generator: &mut G,
@@ -794,7 +803,7 @@ pub fn call_numpy_minimum<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
             } else if is_ndarray2 {
                 unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x2_ty).0
             } else {
-                codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+                unreachable!()
             };
 
             let x1_scalar_ty = if is_ndarray1 { dtype } else { x1_ty };
@@ -868,20 +877,18 @@ pub fn call_max<'ctx>(
     }
 }
 
-/// Invokes the `np_max`, `np_min`, `np_argmax`, `np_argmin` functions
-/// * `fn_name`: Can be one of `"np_argmin"`, `"np_argmax"`, `"np_max"`, `"np_min"`
-pub fn call_numpy_max_min<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
+/// Invokes the `np_max` builtin function.
+pub fn call_numpy_max<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     generator: &mut G,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
     a: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-    fn_name: &str,
 ) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    debug_assert!(["np_argmin", "np_argmax", "np_max", "np_min"].iter().any(|f| *f == fn_name));
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "np_max";
 
-    let llvm_int64 = ctx.ctx.i64_type();
     let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
 
     let (a_ty, a) = a;
+
     Ok(match a {
         BasicValueEnum::IntValue(_) | BasicValueEnum::FloatValue(_) => {
             debug_assert!([
@@ -895,12 +902,9 @@ pub fn call_numpy_max_min<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
             .iter()
             .any(|ty| ctx.unifier.unioned(a_ty, *ty)));
 
-            match fn_name {
-                "np_argmin" | "np_argmax" => llvm_int64.const_zero().into(),
-                "np_max" | "np_min" => a,
-                _ => codegen_unreachable!(ctx),
-            }
+            a
         }
+
         BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n)
             if a_ty.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).is_some_and(|id| id == PrimDef::NDArray.id()) =>
         {
@@ -919,82 +923,41 @@ pub fn call_numpy_max_min<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
                     generator,
                     n_sz_eqz,
                     "0:ValueError",
-                    format!("zero-size array to reduction operation {fn_name}").as_str(),
+                    "zero-size array to reduction operation minimum which has no identity",
                     [None, None, None],
                     ctx.current_loc,
                 );
             }
 
             let accumulator_addr = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, llvm_ndarray_ty, None)?;
-            let res_idx = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, llvm_int64.into(), None)?;
-
             unsafe {
                 let identity =
                     n.data().get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_zero(), None);
                 ctx.builder.build_store(accumulator_addr, identity).unwrap();
-                ctx.builder.build_store(res_idx, llvm_int64.const_zero()).unwrap();
             }
 
             gen_for_callback_incrementing(
                 generator,
                 ctx,
-                None,
-                llvm_int64.const_int(1, false),
+                llvm_usize.const_int(1, false),
                 (n_sz, false),
                 |generator, ctx, _, idx| {
                     let elem = unsafe { n.data().get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &idx, None) };
+
                     let accumulator = ctx.builder.build_load(accumulator_addr, "").unwrap();
-                    let cur_idx = ctx.builder.build_load(res_idx, "").unwrap();
-
-                    let result = match fn_name {
-                        "np_argmin" | "np_min" => {
-                            call_min(ctx, (elem_ty, accumulator), (elem_ty, elem))
-                        }
-                        "np_argmax" | "np_max" => {
-                            call_max(ctx, (elem_ty, accumulator), (elem_ty, elem))
-                        }
-                        _ => codegen_unreachable!(ctx),
-                    };
-
-                    let updated_idx = match (accumulator, result) {
-                        (BasicValueEnum::IntValue(m), BasicValueEnum::IntValue(n)) => ctx
-                            .builder
-                            .build_select(
-                                ctx.builder.build_int_compare(IntPredicate::NE, m, n, "").unwrap(),
-                                idx.into(),
-                                cur_idx,
-                                "",
-                            )
-                            .unwrap(),
-                        (BasicValueEnum::FloatValue(m), BasicValueEnum::FloatValue(n)) => ctx
-                            .builder
-                            .build_select(
-                                ctx.builder
-                                    .build_float_compare(FloatPredicate::ONE, m, n, "")
-                                    .unwrap(),
-                                idx.into(),
-                                cur_idx,
-                                "",
-                            )
-                            .unwrap(),
-                        _ => unsupported_type(ctx, fn_name, &[elem_ty, elem_ty]),
-                    };
-                    ctx.builder.build_store(res_idx, updated_idx).unwrap();
+                    let result = call_max(ctx, (elem_ty, accumulator), (elem_ty, elem));
                     ctx.builder.build_store(accumulator_addr, result).unwrap();
 
                     Ok(())
                 },
-                llvm_int64.const_int(1, false),
+                llvm_usize.const_int(1, false),
             )?;
 
-            match fn_name {
-                "np_argmin" | "np_argmax" => ctx.builder.build_load(res_idx, "").unwrap(),
-                "np_max" | "np_min" => ctx.builder.build_load(accumulator_addr, "").unwrap(),
-                _ => codegen_unreachable!(ctx),
-            }
+            let accumulator = ctx.builder.build_load(accumulator_addr, "").unwrap();
+            accumulator
         }
 
-        _ => unsupported_type(ctx, fn_name, &[a_ty]),
+        _ => unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[a_ty]),
     })
 }
 
@@ -1056,7 +1019,7 @@ pub fn call_numpy_maximum<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
             } else if is_ndarray2 {
                 unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x2_ty).0
             } else {
-                codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+                unreachable!()
             };
 
             let x1_scalar_ty = if is_ndarray1 { dtype } else { x1_ty };
@@ -1496,7 +1459,7 @@ pub fn call_numpy_arctan2<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
             } else if is_ndarray2 {
                 unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x2_ty).0
             } else {
-                codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+                unreachable!()
             };
 
             let x1_scalar_ty = if is_ndarray1 { dtype } else { x1_ty };
@@ -1563,7 +1526,7 @@ pub fn call_numpy_copysign<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
             } else if is_ndarray2 {
                 unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x2_ty).0
             } else {
-                codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+                unreachable!()
             };
 
             let x1_scalar_ty = if is_ndarray1 { dtype } else { x1_ty };
@@ -1630,7 +1593,7 @@ pub fn call_numpy_fmax<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
             } else if is_ndarray2 {
                 unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x2_ty).0
             } else {
-                codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+                unreachable!()
             };
 
             let x1_scalar_ty = if is_ndarray1 { dtype } else { x1_ty };
@@ -1697,7 +1660,7 @@ pub fn call_numpy_fmin<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
             } else if is_ndarray2 {
                 unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x2_ty).0
             } else {
-                codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+                unreachable!()
             };
 
             let x1_scalar_ty = if is_ndarray1 { dtype } else { x1_ty };
@@ -1820,7 +1783,7 @@ pub fn call_numpy_hypot<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
             } else if is_ndarray2 {
                 unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x2_ty).0
             } else {
-                codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+                unreachable!()
             };
 
             let x1_scalar_ty = if is_ndarray1 { dtype } else { x1_ty };
@@ -1887,7 +1850,7 @@ pub fn call_numpy_nextafter<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
             } else if is_ndarray2 {
                 unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x2_ty).0
             } else {
-                codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+                unreachable!()
             };
 
             let x1_scalar_ty = if is_ndarray1 { dtype } else { x1_ty };
@@ -1911,501 +1874,3 @@ pub fn call_numpy_nextafter<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         _ => unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty, x2_ty]),
     })
 }
-
-/// Allocates a struct with the fields specified by `out_matrices` and returns a pointer to it
-fn build_output_struct<'ctx>(
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    out_matrices: Vec<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>>,
-) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
-    let field_ty =
-        out_matrices.iter().map(BasicValueEnum::get_type).collect::<Vec<BasicTypeEnum>>();
-    let out_ty = ctx.ctx.struct_type(&field_ty, false);
-    let out_ptr = ctx.builder.build_alloca(out_ty, "").unwrap();
-
-    for (i, v) in out_matrices.into_iter().enumerate() {
-        unsafe {
-            let ptr = ctx
-                .builder
-                .build_in_bounds_gep(
-                    out_ptr,
-                    &[
-                        ctx.ctx.i32_type().const_zero(),
-                        ctx.ctx.i32_type().const_int(i as u64, false),
-                    ],
-                    "",
-                )
-                .unwrap();
-            ctx.builder.build_store(ptr, v).unwrap();
-        }
-    }
-    out_ptr
-}
-
-/// Invokes the `np_linalg_cholesky` linalg function
-pub fn call_np_linalg_cholesky<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    x1: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "np_linalg_cholesky";
-    let (x1_ty, x1) = x1;
-    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-
-    if let BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n1) = x1 {
-        let (elem_ty, _) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x1_ty);
-        let n1_elem_ty = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty);
-
-        let BasicTypeEnum::FloatType(_) = n1_elem_ty else {
-            unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty]);
-        };
-
-        let n1 = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n1, llvm_usize, None);
-        let dim0 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_zero(), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-        let dim1 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_int(1, false), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-
-        let out = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[dim0, dim1])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-
-        extern_fns::call_np_linalg_cholesky(ctx, x1, out, None);
-        Ok(out)
-    } else {
-        unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty])
-    }
-}
-
-/// Invokes the `np_linalg_qr` linalg function
-pub fn call_np_linalg_qr<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    x1: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "np_linalg_qr";
-    let (x1_ty, x1) = x1;
-    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-
-    if let BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n1) = x1 {
-        let (elem_ty, _) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x1_ty);
-        let n1_elem_ty = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty);
-
-        let BasicTypeEnum::FloatType(_) = n1_elem_ty else {
-            unimplemented!("{FN_NAME} operates on float type NdArrays only");
-        };
-
-        let n1 = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n1, llvm_usize, None);
-        let dim0 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_zero(), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-        let dim1 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_int(1, false), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-        let k = llvm_intrinsics::call_int_smin(ctx, dim0, dim1, None);
-
-        let out_q = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[dim0, k])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-        let out_r = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[k, dim1])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-
-        extern_fns::call_np_linalg_qr(ctx, x1, out_q, out_r, None);
-
-        let out_ptr = build_output_struct(ctx, vec![out_q, out_r]);
-
-        Ok(ctx.builder.build_load(out_ptr, "QR_Factorization_result").map(Into::into).unwrap())
-    } else {
-        unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty])
-    }
-}
-
-/// Invokes the `np_linalg_svd` linalg function
-pub fn call_np_linalg_svd<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    x1: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "np_linalg_svd";
-    let (x1_ty, x1) = x1;
-    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-
-    if let BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n1) = x1 {
-        let (elem_ty, _) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x1_ty);
-        let n1_elem_ty = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty);
-
-        let BasicTypeEnum::FloatType(_) = n1_elem_ty else {
-            unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty]);
-        };
-
-        let n1 = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n1, llvm_usize, None);
-
-        let dim0 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_zero(), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-        let dim1 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_int(1, false), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-        let k = llvm_intrinsics::call_int_smin(ctx, dim0, dim1, None);
-
-        let out_u = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[dim0, dim0])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-        let out_s = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[k])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-        let out_vh = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[dim1, dim1])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-
-        extern_fns::call_np_linalg_svd(ctx, x1, out_u, out_s, out_vh, None);
-
-        let out_ptr = build_output_struct(ctx, vec![out_u, out_s, out_vh]);
-
-        Ok(ctx.builder.build_load(out_ptr, "SVD_Factorization_result").map(Into::into).unwrap())
-    } else {
-        unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty])
-    }
-}
-
-/// Invokes the `np_linalg_inv` linalg function
-pub fn call_np_linalg_inv<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    x1: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "np_linalg_inv";
-    let (x1_ty, x1) = x1;
-    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-
-    if let BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n1) = x1 {
-        let (elem_ty, _) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x1_ty);
-        let n1_elem_ty = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty);
-
-        let BasicTypeEnum::FloatType(_) = n1_elem_ty else {
-            unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty]);
-        };
-
-        let n1 = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n1, llvm_usize, None);
-        let dim0 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_zero(), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-        let dim1 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_int(1, false), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-
-        let out = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[dim0, dim1])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-
-        extern_fns::call_np_linalg_inv(ctx, x1, out, None);
-        Ok(out)
-    } else {
-        unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty])
-    }
-}
-
-/// Invokes the `np_linalg_pinv` linalg function
-pub fn call_np_linalg_pinv<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    x1: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "np_linalg_pinv";
-    let (x1_ty, x1) = x1;
-    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-
-    if let BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n1) = x1 {
-        let (elem_ty, _) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x1_ty);
-        let n1_elem_ty = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty);
-
-        let BasicTypeEnum::FloatType(_) = n1_elem_ty else {
-            unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty]);
-        };
-
-        let n1 = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n1, llvm_usize, None);
-
-        let dim0 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_zero(), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-        let dim1 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_int(1, false), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-
-        let out = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[dim1, dim0])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-
-        extern_fns::call_np_linalg_pinv(ctx, x1, out, None);
-        Ok(out)
-    } else {
-        unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty])
-    }
-}
-
-/// Invokes the `sp_linalg_lu` linalg function
-pub fn call_sp_linalg_lu<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    x1: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "sp_linalg_lu";
-    let (x1_ty, x1) = x1;
-    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-
-    if let BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n1) = x1 {
-        let (elem_ty, _) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x1_ty);
-        let n1_elem_ty = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty);
-
-        let BasicTypeEnum::FloatType(_) = n1_elem_ty else {
-            unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty]);
-        };
-
-        let n1 = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n1, llvm_usize, None);
-
-        let dim0 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_zero(), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-        let dim1 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_int(1, false), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-        let k = llvm_intrinsics::call_int_smin(ctx, dim0, dim1, None);
-
-        let out_l = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[dim0, k])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-        let out_u = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[k, dim1])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-
-        extern_fns::call_sp_linalg_lu(ctx, x1, out_l, out_u, None);
-
-        let out_ptr = build_output_struct(ctx, vec![out_l, out_u]);
-        Ok(ctx.builder.build_load(out_ptr, "LU_Factorization_result").map(Into::into).unwrap())
-    } else {
-        unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty])
-    }
-}
-
-/// Invokes the `np_linalg_matrix_power` linalg function
-pub fn call_np_linalg_matrix_power<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    x1: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-    x2: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "np_linalg_matrix_power";
-    let (x1_ty, x1) = x1;
-    let (x2_ty, x2) = x2;
-    let x2 = call_float(generator, ctx, (x2_ty, x2)).unwrap();
-
-    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-    if let (BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n1), BasicValueEnum::FloatValue(n2)) = (x1, x2) {
-        let (elem_ty, _) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x1_ty);
-        let n1_elem_ty = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty);
-
-        let BasicTypeEnum::FloatType(_) = n1_elem_ty else {
-            unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty, x2_ty]);
-        };
-
-        let n1 = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n1, llvm_usize, None);
-        // Changing second parameter to a `NDArray` for uniformity in function call
-        let n2_array = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(
-            generator,
-            ctx,
-            elem_ty,
-            &[llvm_usize.const_int(1, false)],
-        )
-        .unwrap();
-        unsafe {
-            n2_array.data().set_unchecked(
-                ctx,
-                generator,
-                &llvm_usize.const_zero(),
-                n2.as_basic_value_enum(),
-            );
-        };
-        let n2_array = n2_array.as_base_value().as_basic_value_enum();
-
-        let outdim0 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_zero(), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-        let outdim1 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_int(1, false), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-
-        let out = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[outdim0, outdim1])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-
-        extern_fns::call_np_linalg_matrix_power(ctx, x1, n2_array, out, None);
-        Ok(out)
-    } else {
-        unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty, x2_ty])
-    }
-}
-
-/// Invokes the `np_linalg_det` linalg function
-pub fn call_np_linalg_det<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    x1: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "np_linalg_matrix_power";
-    let (x1_ty, x1) = x1;
-
-    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-    if let BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(_) = x1 {
-        let (elem_ty, _) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x1_ty);
-        let n1_elem_ty = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty);
-
-        let BasicTypeEnum::FloatType(_) = n1_elem_ty else {
-            unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty]);
-        };
-
-        // Changing second parameter to a `NDArray` for uniformity in function call
-        let out = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(
-            generator,
-            ctx,
-            elem_ty,
-            &[llvm_usize.const_int(1, false)],
-        )
-        .unwrap();
-        extern_fns::call_np_linalg_det(ctx, x1, out.as_base_value().as_basic_value_enum(), None);
-        let res =
-            unsafe { out.data().get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_zero(), None) };
-        Ok(res)
-    } else {
-        unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty])
-    }
-}
-
-/// Invokes the `sp_linalg_schur` linalg function
-pub fn call_sp_linalg_schur<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    x1: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "sp_linalg_schur";
-    let (x1_ty, x1) = x1;
-    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-
-    if let BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n1) = x1 {
-        let (elem_ty, _) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x1_ty);
-        let n1_elem_ty = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty);
-
-        let BasicTypeEnum::FloatType(_) = n1_elem_ty else {
-            unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty]);
-        };
-
-        let n1 = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n1, llvm_usize, None);
-
-        let dim0 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_zero(), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-        let out_t = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[dim0, dim0])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-        let out_z = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[dim0, dim0])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-
-        extern_fns::call_sp_linalg_schur(ctx, x1, out_t, out_z, None);
-
-        let out_ptr = build_output_struct(ctx, vec![out_t, out_z]);
-        Ok(ctx.builder.build_load(out_ptr, "Schur_Factorization_result").map(Into::into).unwrap())
-    } else {
-        unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty])
-    }
-}
-
-/// Invokes the `sp_linalg_hessenberg` linalg function
-pub fn call_sp_linalg_hessenberg<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    x1: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "sp_linalg_hessenberg";
-    let (x1_ty, x1) = x1;
-    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-
-    if let BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n1) = x1 {
-        let (elem_ty, _) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x1_ty);
-        let n1_elem_ty = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty);
-
-        let BasicTypeEnum::FloatType(_) = n1_elem_ty else {
-            unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty]);
-        };
-
-        let n1 = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n1, llvm_usize, None);
-
-        let dim0 = unsafe {
-            n1.dim_sizes()
-                .get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_zero(), None)
-                .into_int_value()
-        };
-        let out_h = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[dim0, dim0])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-        let out_q = numpy::create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[dim0, dim0])
-            .unwrap()
-            .as_base_value()
-            .as_basic_value_enum();
-        extern_fns::call_sp_linalg_hessenberg(ctx, x1, out_h, out_q, None);
-
-        let out_ptr = build_output_struct(ctx, vec![out_h, out_q]);
-        Ok(ctx
-            .builder
-            .build_load(out_ptr, "Hessenberg_decomposition_result")
-            .map(Into::into)
-            .unwrap())
-    } else {
-        unsupported_type(ctx, FN_NAME, &[x1_ty])
-    }
-}

nac3core/src/codegen/classes.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,17 @@
-use inkwell::{
-    context::Context,
-    types::{AnyTypeEnum, ArrayType, BasicType, BasicTypeEnum, IntType, PointerType, StructType},
-    values::{ArrayValue, BasicValue, BasicValueEnum, IntValue, PointerValue, StructValue},
-    AddressSpace, IntPredicate,
-};
-
-use super::{
+use crate::codegen::{
     irrt::{call_ndarray_calc_size, call_ndarray_flatten_index},
     llvm_intrinsics::call_int_umin,
     stmt::gen_for_callback_incrementing,
     CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator,
 };
+use inkwell::context::Context;
+use inkwell::types::{ArrayType, BasicType, StructType};
+use inkwell::values::{ArrayValue, BasicValue, StructValue};
+use inkwell::{
+    types::{AnyTypeEnum, BasicTypeEnum, IntType, PointerType},
+    values::{BasicValueEnum, IntValue, PointerValue},
+    AddressSpace, IntPredicate,
+};
 
 /// A LLVM type that is used to represent a non-primitive type in NAC3.
 pub trait ProxyType<'ctx>: Into<Self::Base> {
@@ -1249,13 +1250,11 @@ impl<'ctx> NDArrayType<'ctx> {
 
     /// Returns the element type of this `ndarray` type.
     #[must_use]
-    pub fn element_type(&self) -> AnyTypeEnum<'ctx> {
+    pub fn element_type(&self) -> BasicTypeEnum<'ctx> {
         self.as_base_type()
             .get_element_type()
             .into_struct_type()
             .get_field_type_at_index(2)
-            .map(BasicTypeEnum::into_pointer_type)
-            .map(PointerType::get_element_type)
             .unwrap()
     }
 }
@@ -1405,7 +1404,7 @@ impl<'ctx> NDArrayValue<'ctx> {
 
     /// Returns the double-indirection pointer to the `data` array, as if by calling `getelementptr`
     /// on the field.
-    pub fn ptr_to_data(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
+    fn ptr_to_data(&self, ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>) -> PointerValue<'ctx> {
         let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
         let var_name = self.name.map(|v| format!("{v}.data.addr")).unwrap_or_default();
 
@@ -1718,7 +1717,6 @@ impl<'ctx, Index: UntypedArrayLikeAccessor<'ctx>> ArrayLikeIndexer<'ctx, Index>
         gen_for_callback_incrementing(
             generator,
             ctx,
-            None,
             llvm_usize.const_zero(),
             (len, false),
             |generator, ctx, _, i| {

nac3core/src/codegen/concrete_type.rs

@@ -1,9 +1,3 @@
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-
-use indexmap::IndexMap;
-
-use nac3parser::ast::StrRef;
-
 use crate::{
     symbol_resolver::SymbolValue,
     toplevel::DefinitionId,
@@ -15,6 +9,10 @@ use crate::{
     },
 };
 
+use indexmap::IndexMap;
+use nac3parser::ast::StrRef;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+
 pub struct ConcreteTypeStore {
     store: Vec<ConcreteTypeEnum>,
 }
@@ -27,7 +25,6 @@ pub struct ConcreteFuncArg {
     pub name: StrRef,
     pub ty: ConcreteType,
     pub default_value: Option<SymbolValue>,
-    pub is_vararg: bool,
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
@@ -49,7 +46,6 @@ pub enum ConcreteTypeEnum {
     TPrimitive(Primitive),
     TTuple {
         ty: Vec<ConcreteType>,
-        is_vararg_ctx: bool,
     },
     TObj {
         obj_id: DefinitionId,
@@ -106,16 +102,8 @@ impl ConcreteTypeStore {
                 .iter()
                 .map(|arg| ConcreteFuncArg {
                     name: arg.name,
-                    ty: if arg.is_vararg {
-                        let tuple_ty = unifier
-                            .add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: vec![arg.ty], is_vararg_ctx: true });
-
-                        self.from_unifier_type(unifier, primitives, tuple_ty, cache)
-                    } else {
-                        self.from_unifier_type(unifier, primitives, arg.ty, cache)
-                    },
+                    ty: self.from_unifier_type(unifier, primitives, arg.ty, cache),
                     default_value: arg.default_value.clone(),
-                    is_vararg: arg.is_vararg,
                 })
                 .collect(),
             ret: self.from_unifier_type(unifier, primitives, signature.ret, cache),
@@ -170,12 +158,11 @@ impl ConcreteTypeStore {
             cache.insert(ty, None);
             let ty_enum = unifier.get_ty(ty);
             let result = match &*ty_enum {
-                TypeEnum::TTuple { ty, is_vararg_ctx } => ConcreteTypeEnum::TTuple {
+                TypeEnum::TTuple { ty } => ConcreteTypeEnum::TTuple {
                     ty: ty
                         .iter()
                         .map(|t| self.from_unifier_type(unifier, primitives, *t, cache))
                         .collect(),
-                    is_vararg_ctx: *is_vararg_ctx,
                 },
                 TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, fields, params } => ConcreteTypeEnum::TObj {
                     obj_id: *obj_id,
@@ -261,12 +248,11 @@ impl ConcreteTypeStore {
                 *cache.get_mut(&cty).unwrap() = Some(ty);
                 return ty;
             }
-            ConcreteTypeEnum::TTuple { ty, is_vararg_ctx } => TypeEnum::TTuple {
+            ConcreteTypeEnum::TTuple { ty } => TypeEnum::TTuple {
                 ty: ty
                     .iter()
                     .map(|cty| self.to_unifier_type(unifier, primitives, *cty, cache))
                     .collect(),
-                is_vararg_ctx: *is_vararg_ctx,
             },
             ConcreteTypeEnum::TVirtual { ty } => {
                 TypeEnum::TVirtual { ty: self.to_unifier_type(unifier, primitives, *ty, cache) }
@@ -291,7 +277,6 @@ impl ConcreteTypeStore {
                         name: arg.name,
                         ty: self.to_unifier_type(unifier, primitives, arg.ty, cache),
                         default_value: arg.default_value.clone(),
-                        is_vararg: false,
                     })
                     .collect(),
                 ret: self.to_unifier_type(unifier, primitives, *ret, cache),

nac3core/src/codegen/extern_fns.rs

@@ -1,102 +1,519 @@
-use inkwell::{
-    attributes::{Attribute, AttributeLoc},
-    values::{BasicValueEnum, CallSiteValue, FloatValue, IntValue},
-};
-use itertools::Either;
+use inkwell::attributes::{Attribute, AttributeLoc};
+use inkwell::values::{BasicValue, BasicValueEnum, CallSiteValue, FloatValue, IntValue};
+use inkwell::AddressSpace;
+use itertools::{Either, Itertools};
+use std::iter::once;
 
-use super::CodeGenContext;
+use crate::codegen::CodeGenContext;
 
-/// Macro to generate extern function
-/// Both function return type and function parameter type are `FloatValue`
-///
-/// Arguments:
-/// * `unary/binary`: Whether the extern function requires one (unary) or two (binary) operands
-/// * `$fn_name:ident`: The identifier of the rust function to be generated
-/// * `$extern_fn:literal`: Name of underlying extern function
-///
-/// Optional Arguments:
-/// * `$(,$attributes:literal)*)`: Attributes linked with the extern function.
-///   The default attributes are "mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", and "writeonly".
-///   These will be used unless other attributes are specified
-/// * `$(,$args:ident)*`: Operands of the extern function
-///   The data type of these operands will be set to `FloatValue`
-///  
-macro_rules! generate_extern_fn {
-    ("unary", $fn_name:ident, $extern_fn:literal) => {
-        generate_extern_fn!($fn_name, $extern_fn, arg, "mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly");
-    };
-    ("unary", $fn_name:ident, $extern_fn:literal $(,$attributes:literal)*) => {
-        generate_extern_fn!($fn_name, $extern_fn, arg $(,$attributes)*);
-    };
-    ("binary", $fn_name:ident, $extern_fn:literal) => {
-        generate_extern_fn!($fn_name, $extern_fn, arg1, arg2, "mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly");
-    };
-    ("binary", $fn_name:ident, $extern_fn:literal $(,$attributes:literal)*) => {
-        generate_extern_fn!($fn_name, $extern_fn, arg1, arg2 $(,$attributes)*);
-    };
-    ($fn_name:ident, $extern_fn:literal $(,$args:ident)* $(,$attributes:literal)*) => {
-        #[doc = concat!("Invokes the [`", stringify!($extern_fn), "`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/", stringify!($llvm_name), ") function." )]
-        pub fn $fn_name<'ctx>(
-            ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>
-            $(,$args: FloatValue<'ctx>)*,
+/// Invokes the [`tan`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/tan) function.
+pub fn call_tan<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
     name: Option<&str>,
-        ) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
-            const FN_NAME: &str = $extern_fn;
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "tan";
 
     let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
-            $(debug_assert_eq!($args.get_type(), llvm_f64);)*
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
 
     let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
-                let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[$($args.get_type().into()),*], false);
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
         let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
-                for attr in [$($attributes),*] {
+        for attr in ["mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly"] {
             func.add_attribute(
                 AttributeLoc::Function,
                 ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
             );
         }
+
         func
     });
 
     ctx.builder
-                .build_call(extern_fn, &[$($args.into()),*], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
         .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
         .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
         .map(Either::unwrap_left)
         .unwrap()
-        }
-    };
 }
 
-generate_extern_fn!("unary", call_tan, "tan");
-generate_extern_fn!("unary", call_asin, "asin");
-generate_extern_fn!("unary", call_acos, "acos");
-generate_extern_fn!("unary", call_atan, "atan");
-generate_extern_fn!("unary", call_sinh, "sinh");
-generate_extern_fn!("unary", call_cosh, "cosh");
-generate_extern_fn!("unary", call_tanh, "tanh");
-generate_extern_fn!("unary", call_asinh, "asinh");
-generate_extern_fn!("unary", call_acosh, "acosh");
-generate_extern_fn!("unary", call_atanh, "atanh");
-generate_extern_fn!("unary", call_expm1, "expm1");
-generate_extern_fn!(
-    "unary",
-    call_cbrt,
-    "cbrt",
-    "mustprogress",
-    "nofree",
-    "nosync",
-    "nounwind",
-    "readonly",
-    "willreturn"
-);
-generate_extern_fn!("unary", call_erf, "erf", "nounwind");
-generate_extern_fn!("unary", call_erfc, "erfc", "nounwind");
-generate_extern_fn!("unary", call_j1, "j1", "nounwind");
+/// Invokes the [`asin`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/asin) function.
+pub fn call_asin<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "asin";
 
-generate_extern_fn!("binary", call_atan2, "atan2");
-generate_extern_fn!("binary", call_hypot, "hypot", "nounwind");
-generate_extern_fn!("binary", call_nextafter, "nextafter", "nounwind");
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        for attr in ["mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly"] {
+            func.add_attribute(
+                AttributeLoc::Function,
+                ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
+            );
+        }
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`acos`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/acos) function.
+pub fn call_acos<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "acos";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        for attr in ["mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly"] {
+            func.add_attribute(
+                AttributeLoc::Function,
+                ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
+            );
+        }
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`atan`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/atan) function.
+pub fn call_atan<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "atan";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        for attr in ["mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly"] {
+            func.add_attribute(
+                AttributeLoc::Function,
+                ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
+            );
+        }
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`sinh`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/sinh) function.
+pub fn call_sinh<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "sinh";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        for attr in ["mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly"] {
+            func.add_attribute(
+                AttributeLoc::Function,
+                ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
+            );
+        }
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`cosh`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/cosh) function.
+pub fn call_cosh<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "cosh";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        for attr in ["mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly"] {
+            func.add_attribute(
+                AttributeLoc::Function,
+                ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
+            );
+        }
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`tanh`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/tanh) function.
+pub fn call_tanh<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "tanh";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        for attr in ["mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly"] {
+            func.add_attribute(
+                AttributeLoc::Function,
+                ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
+            );
+        }
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`asinh`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/asinh) function.
+pub fn call_asinh<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "asinh";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        for attr in ["mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly"] {
+            func.add_attribute(
+                AttributeLoc::Function,
+                ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
+            );
+        }
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`acosh`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/acosh) function.
+pub fn call_acosh<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "acosh";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        for attr in ["mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly"] {
+            func.add_attribute(
+                AttributeLoc::Function,
+                ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
+            );
+        }
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`atanh`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/atanh) function.
+pub fn call_atanh<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "atanh";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        for attr in ["mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly"] {
+            func.add_attribute(
+                AttributeLoc::Function,
+                ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
+            );
+        }
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`expm1`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/expm1) function.
+pub fn call_expm1<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "expm1";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        for attr in ["mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly"] {
+            func.add_attribute(
+                AttributeLoc::Function,
+                ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
+            );
+        }
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`cbrt`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/cbrt) function.
+pub fn call_cbrt<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "cbrt";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        for attr in ["mustprogress", "nofree", "nosync", "nounwind", "readonly", "willreturn"] {
+            func.add_attribute(
+                AttributeLoc::Function,
+                ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
+            );
+        }
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`erf`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/erf) function.
+pub fn call_erf<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "erf";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        func.add_attribute(
+            AttributeLoc::Function,
+            ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id("nounwind"), 0),
+        );
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`erfc`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/erfc) function.
+pub fn call_erfc<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "erfc";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        func.add_attribute(
+            AttributeLoc::Function,
+            ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id("nounwind"), 0),
+        );
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`j1`](https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Special-Functions.html#index-j1)
+/// function.
+pub fn call_j1<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    arg: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "j1";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(arg.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        func.add_attribute(
+            AttributeLoc::Function,
+            ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id("nounwind"), 0),
+        );
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[arg.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`atan2`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/atan2) function.
+pub fn call_atan2<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    y: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    x: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "atan2";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(y.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+    debug_assert_eq!(x.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into(), llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        for attr in ["mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly"] {
+            func.add_attribute(
+                AttributeLoc::Function,
+                ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
+            );
+        }
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[y.into(), x.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
 
 /// Invokes the [`ldexp`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/ldexp) function.
 pub fn call_ldexp<'ctx>(
@@ -133,61 +550,112 @@ pub fn call_ldexp<'ctx>(
         .unwrap()
 }
 
-/// Macro to generate `np_linalg` and `sp_linalg` functions
-/// The function takes as input `NDArray` and returns ()
-///
-/// Arguments:
-/// * `$fn_name:ident`: The identifier of the rust function to be generated
-/// * `$extern_fn:literal`: Name of underlying extern function
-/// * (2/3/4): Number of `NDArray` that function takes as input
-///
-/// Note:
-/// The operands and resulting `NDArray` are both passed as input to the funcion
-/// It is the responsibility of caller to ensure that output `NDArray` is properly allocated on stack
-/// The function changes the content of the output `NDArray` in-place
-macro_rules! generate_linalg_extern_fn {
-    ($fn_name:ident, $extern_fn:literal, 2) => {
-        generate_linalg_extern_fn!($fn_name, $extern_fn, mat1, mat2);
-    };
-    ($fn_name:ident, $extern_fn:literal, 3) => {
-        generate_linalg_extern_fn!($fn_name, $extern_fn, mat1, mat2, mat3);
-    };
-    ($fn_name:ident, $extern_fn:literal, 4) => {
-        generate_linalg_extern_fn!($fn_name, $extern_fn, mat1, mat2, mat3, mat4);
-    };
-    ($fn_name:ident, $extern_fn:literal $(,$input_matrix:ident)*) => {
-        #[doc = concat!("Invokes the linalg `", stringify!($extern_fn), " function." )]
-        pub fn $fn_name<'ctx>(
-            ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>
-            $(,$input_matrix: BasicValueEnum<'ctx>)*,
+/// Invokes the [`hypot`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/hypot) function.
+pub fn call_hypot<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    x: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    y: FloatValue<'ctx>,
     name: Option<&str>,
-        ){
-            const FN_NAME: &str = $extern_fn;
-            let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
-                let fn_type = ctx.ctx.void_type().fn_type(&[$($input_matrix.get_type().into()),*], false);
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "hypot";
 
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(x.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+    debug_assert_eq!(y.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into(), llvm_f64.into()], false);
         let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
-                for attr in ["mustprogress", "nofree", "nounwind", "willreturn", "writeonly"] {
+        func.add_attribute(
+            AttributeLoc::Function,
+            ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id("nounwind"), 0),
+        );
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[x.into(), y.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`nextafter`](https://en.cppreference.com/w/c/numeric/math/nextafter) function.
+pub fn call_nextafter<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    from: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    to: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "nextafter";
+
+    let llvm_f64 = ctx.ctx.f64_type();
+    debug_assert_eq!(from.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+    debug_assert_eq!(to.get_type(), llvm_f64);
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_f64.fn_type(&[llvm_f64.into(), llvm_f64.into()], false);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        func.add_attribute(
+            AttributeLoc::Function,
+            ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id("nounwind"), 0),
+        );
+
+        func
+    });
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, &[from.into(), to.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the `printf` function.
+pub fn call_printf<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    format: &str,
+    args: &[BasicValueEnum<'ctx>],
+) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "printf";
+
+    let llvm_i8 = ctx.ctx.i8_type();
+    let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
+    let llvm_pi8 = llvm_i8.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
+
+    let extern_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
+        let fn_type = llvm_i32.fn_type(&[llvm_pi8.into()], true);
+        let func = ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None);
+        for attr in ["nofree", "nounwind"] {
             func.add_attribute(
                 AttributeLoc::Function,
                 ctx.ctx.create_enum_attribute(Attribute::get_named_enum_kind_id(attr), 0),
             );
         }
+
         func
     });
 
-            ctx.builder.build_call(extern_fn, &[$($input_matrix.into(),)*], name.unwrap_or_default()).unwrap();
-        }
-    };
-}
+    let pformat = ctx
+        .builder
+        .build_global_string_ptr(&format!("{format}\0"), "")
+        .map(|v| v.as_basic_value_enum())
+        .map(BasicValueEnum::into_pointer_value)
+        .unwrap();
 
-generate_linalg_extern_fn!(call_np_linalg_cholesky, "np_linalg_cholesky", 2);
-generate_linalg_extern_fn!(call_np_linalg_qr, "np_linalg_qr", 3);
-generate_linalg_extern_fn!(call_np_linalg_svd, "np_linalg_svd", 4);
-generate_linalg_extern_fn!(call_np_linalg_inv, "np_linalg_inv", 2);
-generate_linalg_extern_fn!(call_np_linalg_pinv, "np_linalg_pinv", 2);
-generate_linalg_extern_fn!(call_np_linalg_matrix_power, "np_linalg_matrix_power", 3);
-generate_linalg_extern_fn!(call_np_linalg_det, "np_linalg_det", 2);
-generate_linalg_extern_fn!(call_sp_linalg_lu, "sp_linalg_lu", 3);
-generate_linalg_extern_fn!(call_sp_linalg_schur, "sp_linalg_schur", 3);
-generate_linalg_extern_fn!(call_sp_linalg_hessenberg, "sp_linalg_hessenberg", 3);
+    let fn_args = once(&pformat.as_basic_value_enum())
+        .chain(args)
+        .copied()
+        .map(BasicValueEnum::into)
+        .collect_vec();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(extern_fn, fn_args.as_slice(), "")
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}

nac3core/src/codegen/generator.rs

@@ -1,18 +1,16 @@
+use crate::{
+    codegen::{bool_to_i1, bool_to_i8, classes::ArraySliceValue, expr::*, stmt::*, CodeGenContext},
+    symbol_resolver::ValueEnum,
+    toplevel::{DefinitionId, TopLevelDef},
+    typecheck::typedef::{FunSignature, Type},
+};
 use inkwell::{
     context::Context,
     types::{BasicTypeEnum, IntType},
     values::{BasicValueEnum, IntValue, PointerValue},
 };
-
 use nac3parser::ast::{Expr, Stmt, StrRef};
 
-use super::{bool_to_i1, bool_to_i8, classes::ArraySliceValue, expr::*, stmt::*, CodeGenContext};
-use crate::{
-    symbol_resolver::ValueEnum,
-    toplevel::{DefinitionId, TopLevelDef},
-    typecheck::typedef::{FunSignature, Type},
-};
-
 pub trait CodeGenerator {
     /// Return the module name for the code generator.
     fn get_name(&self) -> &str;
@@ -59,7 +57,6 @@ pub trait CodeGenerator {
     /// - fun: Function signature, definition ID and the substitution key.
     /// - params: Function parameters. Note that this does not include the object even if the
     ///   function is a class method.
-    ///
     /// Note that this function should check if the function is generated in another thread (due to
     /// possible race condition), see the default implementation for an example.
     fn gen_func_instance<'ctx>(
@@ -126,45 +123,11 @@ pub trait CodeGenerator {
         ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
         target: &Expr<Option<Type>>,
         value: ValueEnum<'ctx>,
-        value_ty: Type,
     ) -> Result<(), String>
     where
         Self: Sized,
     {
-        gen_assign(self, ctx, target, value, value_ty)
-    }
-
-    /// Generate code for an assignment expression where LHS is a `"target_list"`.
-    ///
-    /// See <https://docs.python.org/3/reference/simple_stmts.html#assignment-statements>.
-    fn gen_assign_target_list<'ctx>(
-        &mut self,
-        ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-        targets: &Vec<Expr<Option<Type>>>,
-        value: ValueEnum<'ctx>,
-        value_ty: Type,
-    ) -> Result<(), String>
-    where
-        Self: Sized,
-    {
-        gen_assign_target_list(self, ctx, targets, value, value_ty)
-    }
-
-    /// Generate code for an item assignment.
-    ///
-    /// i.e., `target[key] = value`
-    fn gen_setitem<'ctx>(
-        &mut self,
-        ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-        target: &Expr<Option<Type>>,
-        key: &Expr<Option<Type>>,
-        value: ValueEnum<'ctx>,
-        value_ty: Type,
-    ) -> Result<(), String>
-    where
-        Self: Sized,
-    {
-        gen_setitem(self, ctx, target, key, value, value_ty)
+        gen_assign(self, ctx, target, value)
     }
 
     /// Generate code for a while expression.

nac3core/src/codegen/irrt/irrt.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,412 @@
+typedef _BitInt(8) int8_t;
+typedef unsigned _BitInt(8) uint8_t;
+typedef _BitInt(32) int32_t;
+typedef unsigned _BitInt(32) uint32_t;
+typedef _BitInt(64) int64_t;
+typedef unsigned _BitInt(64) uint64_t;
+
+// NDArray indices are always `uint32_t`.
+typedef uint32_t NDIndex;
+// The type of an index or a value describing the length of a range/slice is always `int32_t`.
+typedef int32_t SliceIndex;
+
+template <typename T>
+static T max(T a, T b) {
+    return a > b ? a : b;
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+static T min(T a, T b) {
+    return a > b ? b : a;
+}
+
+// adapted from GNU Scientific Library: https://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/gsl.git/tree/sys/pow_int.c
+// need to make sure `exp >= 0` before calling this function
+template <typename T>
+static T __nac3_int_exp_impl(T base, T exp) {
+    T res = 1;
+    /* repeated squaring method */
+    do {
+        if (exp & 1) {
+            res *= base; /* for n odd */
+        }
+        exp >>= 1;
+        base *= base;
+    } while (exp);
+    return res;
+}
+
+template <typename SizeT>
+static SizeT __nac3_ndarray_calc_size_impl(
+    const SizeT *list_data,
+    SizeT list_len,
+    SizeT begin_idx,
+    SizeT end_idx
+) {
+    __builtin_assume(end_idx <= list_len);
+
+    SizeT num_elems = 1;
+    for (SizeT i = begin_idx; i < end_idx; ++i) {
+        SizeT val = list_data[i];
+        __builtin_assume(val > 0);
+        num_elems *= val;
+    }
+    return num_elems;
+}
+
+template <typename SizeT>
+static void __nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices_impl(
+    SizeT index,
+    const SizeT *dims,
+    SizeT num_dims,
+    NDIndex *idxs
+) {
+    SizeT stride = 1;
+    for (SizeT dim = 0; dim < num_dims; dim++) {
+        SizeT i = num_dims - dim - 1;
+        __builtin_assume(dims[i] > 0);
+        idxs[i] = (index / stride) % dims[i];
+        stride *= dims[i];
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename SizeT>
+static SizeT __nac3_ndarray_flatten_index_impl(
+    const SizeT *dims,
+    SizeT num_dims,
+    const NDIndex *indices,
+    SizeT num_indices
+) {
+    SizeT idx = 0;
+    SizeT stride = 1;
+    for (SizeT i = 0; i < num_dims; ++i) {
+        SizeT ri = num_dims - i - 1;
+        if (ri < num_indices) {
+            idx += stride * indices[ri];
+        }
+
+        __builtin_assume(dims[i] > 0);
+        stride *= dims[ri];
+    }
+    return idx;
+}
+
+template <typename SizeT>
+static void __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_impl(
+    const SizeT *lhs_dims,
+    SizeT lhs_ndims,
+    const SizeT *rhs_dims,
+    SizeT rhs_ndims,
+    SizeT *out_dims
+) {
+    SizeT max_ndims = lhs_ndims > rhs_ndims ? lhs_ndims : rhs_ndims;
+
+    for (SizeT i = 0; i < max_ndims; ++i) {
+        const SizeT *lhs_dim_sz = i < lhs_ndims ? &lhs_dims[lhs_ndims - i - 1] : nullptr;
+        const SizeT *rhs_dim_sz = i < rhs_ndims ? &rhs_dims[rhs_ndims - i - 1] : nullptr;
+        SizeT *out_dim = &out_dims[max_ndims - i - 1];
+
+        if (lhs_dim_sz == nullptr) {
+            *out_dim = *rhs_dim_sz;
+        } else if (rhs_dim_sz == nullptr) {
+            *out_dim = *lhs_dim_sz;
+        } else if (*lhs_dim_sz == 1) {
+            *out_dim = *rhs_dim_sz;
+        } else if (*rhs_dim_sz == 1) {
+            *out_dim = *lhs_dim_sz;
+        } else if (*lhs_dim_sz == *rhs_dim_sz) {
+            *out_dim = *lhs_dim_sz;
+        } else {
+            __builtin_unreachable();
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+template <typename SizeT>
+static void __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_idx_impl(
+    const SizeT *src_dims,
+    SizeT src_ndims,
+    const NDIndex *in_idx,
+    NDIndex *out_idx
+) {
+    for (SizeT i = 0; i < src_ndims; ++i) {
+        SizeT src_i = src_ndims - i - 1;
+        out_idx[src_i] = src_dims[src_i] == 1 ? 0 : in_idx[src_i];
+    }
+}
+
+extern "C" {
+    #define DEF_nac3_int_exp_(T) \
+        T __nac3_int_exp_##T(T base, T exp) {\
+            return __nac3_int_exp_impl(base, exp);\
+        }
+
+    DEF_nac3_int_exp_(int32_t)
+    DEF_nac3_int_exp_(int64_t)
+    DEF_nac3_int_exp_(uint32_t)
+    DEF_nac3_int_exp_(uint64_t)
+
+    SliceIndex __nac3_slice_index_bound(SliceIndex i, const SliceIndex len) {
+        if (i < 0) {
+            i = len + i;
+        }
+        if (i < 0) {
+            return 0;
+        } else if (i > len) {
+            return len;
+        }
+        return i;
+    }
+
+    SliceIndex __nac3_range_slice_len(
+        const SliceIndex start,
+        const SliceIndex end,
+        const SliceIndex step
+    ) {
+        SliceIndex diff = end - start;
+        if (diff > 0 && step > 0) {
+            return ((diff - 1) / step) + 1;
+        } else if (diff < 0 && step < 0) {
+            return ((diff + 1) / step) + 1;
+        } else {
+            return 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    // Handle list assignment and dropping part of the list when
+    // both dest_step and src_step are +1.
+    // - All the index must *not* be out-of-bound or negative,
+    // - The end index is *inclusive*,
+    // - The length of src and dest slice size should already
+    // be checked: if dest.step == 1 then len(src) <= len(dest) else len(src) == len(dest)
+    SliceIndex __nac3_list_slice_assign_var_size(
+        SliceIndex dest_start,
+        SliceIndex dest_end,
+        SliceIndex dest_step,
+        uint8_t *dest_arr,
+        SliceIndex dest_arr_len,
+        SliceIndex src_start,
+        SliceIndex src_end,
+        SliceIndex src_step,
+        uint8_t *src_arr,
+        SliceIndex src_arr_len,
+        const SliceIndex size
+    ) {
+        /* if dest_arr_len == 0, do nothing since we do not support extending list */
+        if (dest_arr_len == 0) return dest_arr_len;
+        /* if both step is 1, memmove directly, handle the dropping of the list, and shrink size */
+        if (src_step == dest_step && dest_step == 1) {
+            const SliceIndex src_len = (src_end >= src_start) ? (src_end - src_start + 1) : 0;
+            const SliceIndex dest_len = (dest_end >= dest_start) ? (dest_end - dest_start + 1) : 0;
+            if (src_len > 0) {
+                __builtin_memmove(
+                    dest_arr + dest_start * size,
+                    src_arr + src_start * size,
+                    src_len * size
+                );
+            }
+            if (dest_len > 0) {
+                /* dropping */
+                __builtin_memmove(
+                    dest_arr + (dest_start + src_len) * size,
+                    dest_arr + (dest_end + 1) * size,
+                    (dest_arr_len - dest_end - 1) * size
+                );
+            }
+            /* shrink size */
+            return dest_arr_len - (dest_len - src_len);
+        }
+        /* if two range overlaps, need alloca */
+        uint8_t need_alloca =
+            (dest_arr == src_arr)
+            && !(
+                max(dest_start, dest_end) < min(src_start, src_end)
+                || max(src_start, src_end) < min(dest_start, dest_end)
+            );
+        if (need_alloca) {
+            uint8_t *tmp = reinterpret_cast<uint8_t *>(__builtin_alloca(src_arr_len * size));
+            __builtin_memcpy(tmp, src_arr, src_arr_len * size);
+            src_arr = tmp;
+        }
+        SliceIndex src_ind = src_start;
+        SliceIndex dest_ind = dest_start;
+        for (;
+            (src_step > 0) ? (src_ind <= src_end) : (src_ind >= src_end);
+            src_ind += src_step, dest_ind += dest_step
+        ) {
+            /* for constant optimization */
+            if (size == 1) {
+                __builtin_memcpy(dest_arr + dest_ind, src_arr + src_ind, 1);
+            } else if (size == 4) {
+                __builtin_memcpy(dest_arr + dest_ind * 4, src_arr + src_ind * 4, 4);
+            } else if (size == 8) {
+                __builtin_memcpy(dest_arr + dest_ind * 8, src_arr + src_ind * 8, 8);
+            } else {
+                /* memcpy for var size, cannot overlap after previous alloca */
+                __builtin_memcpy(dest_arr + dest_ind * size, src_arr + src_ind * size, size);
+            }
+        }
+        /* only dest_step == 1 can we shrink the dest list. */
+        /* size should be ensured prior to calling this function */
+        if (dest_step == 1 && dest_end >= dest_start) {
+            __builtin_memmove(
+                dest_arr + dest_ind * size,
+                dest_arr + (dest_end + 1) * size,
+                (dest_arr_len - dest_end - 1) * size
+            );
+            return dest_arr_len - (dest_end - dest_ind) - 1;
+        }
+        return dest_arr_len;
+    }
+
+    int32_t __nac3_isinf(double x) {
+        return __builtin_isinf(x);
+    }
+
+    int32_t __nac3_isnan(double x) {
+        return __builtin_isnan(x);
+    }
+
+    double tgamma(double arg);
+
+    double __nac3_gamma(double z) {
+        // Handling for denormals
+        //     | x                 | Python gamma(x) | C tgamma(x) |
+        // --- | ----------------- | --------------- | ----------- |
+        // (1) | nan               | nan             | nan         |
+        // (2) | -inf              | -inf            | inf         |
+        // (3) | inf               | inf             | inf         |
+        // (4) | 0.0               | inf             | inf         |
+        // (5) | {-1.0, -2.0, ...} | inf             | nan         |
+
+        // (1)-(3)
+        if (__builtin_isinf(z) || __builtin_isnan(z)) {
+            return z;
+        }
+
+        double v = tgamma(z);
+
+        // (4)-(5)
+        return __builtin_isinf(v) || __builtin_isnan(v) ? __builtin_inf() : v;
+    }
+
+    double lgamma(double arg);
+
+    double __nac3_gammaln(double x) {
+        // libm's handling of value overflows differs from scipy:
+        // - scipy: gammaln(-inf) -> -inf
+        // - libm : lgamma(-inf) -> inf
+
+        if (__builtin_isinf(x)) {
+            return x;
+        }
+
+        return lgamma(x);
+    }
+
+    double j0(double x);
+
+    double __nac3_j0(double x) {
+        // libm's handling of value overflows differs from scipy:
+        // - scipy: j0(inf) -> nan
+        // - libm : j0(inf) -> 0.0
+
+        if (__builtin_isinf(x)) {
+            return __builtin_nan("");
+        }
+
+        return j0(x);
+    }
+
+    uint32_t __nac3_ndarray_calc_size(
+        const uint32_t *list_data,
+        uint32_t list_len,
+        uint32_t begin_idx,
+        uint32_t end_idx
+    ) {
+        return __nac3_ndarray_calc_size_impl(list_data, list_len, begin_idx, end_idx);
+    }
+
+    uint64_t __nac3_ndarray_calc_size64(
+        const uint64_t *list_data,
+        uint64_t list_len,
+        uint64_t begin_idx,
+        uint64_t end_idx
+    ) {
+        return __nac3_ndarray_calc_size_impl(list_data, list_len, begin_idx, end_idx);
+    }
+
+    void __nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices(
+        uint32_t index,
+        const uint32_t* dims,
+        uint32_t num_dims,
+        NDIndex* idxs
+    ) {
+        __nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices_impl(index, dims, num_dims, idxs);
+    }
+
+    void __nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices64(
+        uint64_t index,
+        const uint64_t* dims,
+        uint64_t num_dims,
+        NDIndex* idxs
+    ) {
+        __nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices_impl(index, dims, num_dims, idxs);
+    }
+
+    uint32_t __nac3_ndarray_flatten_index(
+        const uint32_t* dims,
+        uint32_t num_dims,
+        const NDIndex* indices,
+        uint32_t num_indices
+    ) {
+        return __nac3_ndarray_flatten_index_impl(dims, num_dims, indices, num_indices);
+    }
+
+    uint64_t __nac3_ndarray_flatten_index64(
+        const uint64_t* dims,
+        uint64_t num_dims,
+        const NDIndex* indices,
+        uint64_t num_indices
+    ) {
+        return __nac3_ndarray_flatten_index_impl(dims, num_dims, indices, num_indices);
+    }
+
+    void __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast(
+        const uint32_t *lhs_dims,
+        uint32_t lhs_ndims,
+        const uint32_t *rhs_dims,
+        uint32_t rhs_ndims,
+        uint32_t *out_dims
+    ) {
+        return __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_impl(lhs_dims, lhs_ndims, rhs_dims, rhs_ndims, out_dims);
+    }
+
+    void __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast64(
+        const uint64_t *lhs_dims,
+        uint64_t lhs_ndims,
+        const uint64_t *rhs_dims,
+        uint64_t rhs_ndims,
+        uint64_t *out_dims
+    ) {
+        return __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_impl(lhs_dims, lhs_ndims, rhs_dims, rhs_ndims, out_dims);
+    }
+
+    void __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_idx(
+        const uint32_t *src_dims,
+        uint32_t src_ndims,
+        const NDIndex *in_idx,
+        NDIndex *out_idx
+    ) {
+        __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_idx_impl(src_dims, src_ndims, in_idx, out_idx);
+    }
+
+    void __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_idx64(
+        const uint64_t *src_dims,
+        uint64_t src_ndims,
+        const NDIndex *in_idx,
+        NDIndex *out_idx
+    ) {
+        __nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_idx_impl(src_dims, src_ndims, in_idx, out_idx);
+    }
+}

nac3core/src/codegen/irrt/mod.rs

@@ -1,30 +1,28 @@
+use crate::typecheck::typedef::Type;
+
+use super::{
+    classes::{
+        ArrayLikeIndexer, ArrayLikeValue, ArraySliceValue, ListValue, NDArrayValue,
+        TypedArrayLikeAdapter, UntypedArrayLikeAccessor,
+    },
+    llvm_intrinsics, CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator,
+};
+use crate::codegen::classes::TypedArrayLikeAccessor;
+use crate::codegen::stmt::gen_for_callback_incrementing;
 use inkwell::{
     attributes::{Attribute, AttributeLoc},
     context::Context,
     memory_buffer::MemoryBuffer,
     module::Module,
     types::{BasicTypeEnum, IntType},
-    values::{BasicValue, BasicValueEnum, CallSiteValue, FloatValue, IntValue},
+    values::{BasicValueEnum, CallSiteValue, FloatValue, IntValue},
     AddressSpace, IntPredicate,
 };
 use itertools::Either;
-
 use nac3parser::ast::Expr;
 
-use super::{
-    classes::{
-        ArrayLikeIndexer, ArrayLikeValue, ArraySliceValue, ListValue, NDArrayValue,
-        TypedArrayLikeAccessor, TypedArrayLikeAdapter, UntypedArrayLikeAccessor,
-    },
-    llvm_intrinsics,
-    macros::codegen_unreachable,
-    stmt::gen_for_callback_incrementing,
-    CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator,
-};
-use crate::{symbol_resolver::SymbolResolver, typecheck::typedef::Type};
-
 #[must_use]
-pub fn load_irrt<'ctx>(ctx: &'ctx Context, symbol_resolver: &dyn SymbolResolver) -> Module<'ctx> {
+pub fn load_irrt(ctx: &Context) -> Module {
     let bitcode_buf = MemoryBuffer::create_from_memory_range(
         include_bytes!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/irrt.bc")),
         "irrt_bitcode_buffer",
@@ -40,25 +38,6 @@ pub fn load_irrt<'ctx>(ctx: &'ctx Context, symbol_resolver: &dyn SymbolResolver)
         let function = irrt_mod.get_function(symbol).unwrap();
         function.add_attribute(AttributeLoc::Function, ctx.create_enum_attribute(inline_attr, 0));
     }
-
-    // Initialize all global `EXN_*` exception IDs in IRRT with the [`SymbolResolver`].
-    let exn_id_type = ctx.i32_type();
-    let errors = &[
-        ("EXN_INDEX_ERROR", "0:IndexError"),
-        ("EXN_VALUE_ERROR", "0:ValueError"),
-        ("EXN_ASSERTION_ERROR", "0:AssertionError"),
-        ("EXN_TYPE_ERROR", "0:TypeError"),
-    ];
-    for (irrt_name, symbol_name) in errors {
-        let exn_id = symbol_resolver.get_string_id(symbol_name);
-        let exn_id = exn_id_type.const_int(exn_id as u64, false).as_basic_value_enum();
-
-        let global = irrt_mod.get_global(irrt_name).unwrap_or_else(|| {
-            panic!("Exception symbol name '{irrt_name}' should exist in the IRRT LLVM module")
-        });
-        global.set_initializer(&exn_id);
-    }
-
     irrt_mod
 }
 
@@ -76,7 +55,7 @@ pub fn integer_power<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         (64, 64, true) => "__nac3_int_exp_int64_t",
         (32, 32, false) => "__nac3_int_exp_uint32_t",
         (64, 64, false) => "__nac3_int_exp_uint64_t",
-        _ => codegen_unreachable!(ctx),
+        _ => unreachable!(),
     };
     let base_type = base.get_type();
     let pow_fun = ctx.module.get_function(symbol).unwrap_or_else(|| {
@@ -462,7 +441,7 @@ pub fn list_slice_assignment<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
                     BasicTypeEnum::IntType(t) => t.size_of(),
                     BasicTypeEnum::PointerType(t) => t.size_of(),
                     BasicTypeEnum::StructType(t) => t.size_of().unwrap(),
-                    _ => codegen_unreachable!(ctx),
+                    _ => unreachable!(),
                 };
                 ctx.builder.build_int_truncate_or_bit_cast(s, int32, "size").unwrap()
             }
@@ -589,8 +568,7 @@ pub fn call_j0<'ctx>(ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>, v: FloatValue<'ctx>) -> Flo
 ///
 /// * `dims` - An [`ArrayLikeIndexer`] containing the size of each dimension.
 /// * `range` - The dimension index to begin and end (exclusively) calculating the dimensions for,
-///   or [`None`] if starting from the first dimension and ending at the last dimension
-///   respectively.
+/// or [`None`] if starting from the first dimension and ending at the last dimension respectively.
 pub fn call_ndarray_calc_size<'ctx, G, Dims>(
     generator: &G,
     ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
@@ -607,7 +585,7 @@ where
     let ndarray_calc_size_fn_name = match llvm_usize.get_bit_width() {
         32 => "__nac3_ndarray_calc_size",
         64 => "__nac3_ndarray_calc_size64",
-        bw => codegen_unreachable!(ctx, "Unsupported size type bit width: {}", bw),
+        bw => unreachable!("Unsupported size type bit width: {}", bw),
     };
     let ndarray_calc_size_fn_t = llvm_usize.fn_type(
         &[llvm_pusize.into(), llvm_usize.into(), llvm_usize.into(), llvm_usize.into()],
@@ -658,7 +636,7 @@ pub fn call_ndarray_calc_nd_indices<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     let ndarray_calc_nd_indices_fn_name = match llvm_usize.get_bit_width() {
         32 => "__nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices",
         64 => "__nac3_ndarray_calc_nd_indices64",
-        bw => codegen_unreachable!(ctx, "Unsupported size type bit width: {}", bw),
+        bw => unreachable!("Unsupported size type bit width: {}", bw),
     };
     let ndarray_calc_nd_indices_fn =
         ctx.module.get_function(ndarray_calc_nd_indices_fn_name).unwrap_or_else(|| {
@@ -727,7 +705,7 @@ where
     let ndarray_flatten_index_fn_name = match llvm_usize.get_bit_width() {
         32 => "__nac3_ndarray_flatten_index",
         64 => "__nac3_ndarray_flatten_index64",
-        bw => codegen_unreachable!(ctx, "Unsupported size type bit width: {}", bw),
+        bw => unreachable!("Unsupported size type bit width: {}", bw),
     };
     let ndarray_flatten_index_fn =
         ctx.module.get_function(ndarray_flatten_index_fn_name).unwrap_or_else(|| {
@@ -795,7 +773,7 @@ pub fn call_ndarray_calc_broadcast<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     let ndarray_calc_broadcast_fn_name = match llvm_usize.get_bit_width() {
         32 => "__nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast",
         64 => "__nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast64",
-        bw => codegen_unreachable!(ctx, "Unsupported size type bit width: {}", bw),
+        bw => unreachable!("Unsupported size type bit width: {}", bw),
     };
     let ndarray_calc_broadcast_fn =
         ctx.module.get_function(ndarray_calc_broadcast_fn_name).unwrap_or_else(|| {
@@ -820,7 +798,6 @@ pub fn call_ndarray_calc_broadcast<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     gen_for_callback_incrementing(
         generator,
         ctx,
-        None,
         llvm_usize.const_zero(),
         (min_ndims, false),
         |generator, ctx, _, idx| {
@@ -915,7 +892,7 @@ pub fn call_ndarray_calc_broadcast_index<
     let ndarray_calc_broadcast_fn_name = match llvm_usize.get_bit_width() {
         32 => "__nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_idx",
         64 => "__nac3_ndarray_calc_broadcast_idx64",
-        bw => codegen_unreachable!(ctx, "Unsupported size type bit width: {}", bw),
+        bw => unreachable!("Unsupported size type bit width: {}", bw),
     };
     let ndarray_calc_broadcast_fn =
         ctx.module.get_function(ndarray_calc_broadcast_fn_name).unwrap_or_else(|| {

nac3core/src/codegen/llvm_intrinsics.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,12 @@
-use inkwell::{
-    context::Context,
-    intrinsics::Intrinsic,
-    types::{AnyTypeEnum::IntType, FloatType},
-    values::{BasicValueEnum, CallSiteValue, FloatValue, IntValue, PointerValue},
-    AddressSpace,
-};
+use crate::codegen::CodeGenContext;
+use inkwell::context::Context;
+use inkwell::intrinsics::Intrinsic;
+use inkwell::types::AnyTypeEnum::IntType;
+use inkwell::types::FloatType;
+use inkwell::values::{BasicValueEnum, CallSiteValue, FloatValue, IntValue, PointerValue};
+use inkwell::AddressSpace;
 use itertools::Either;
 
-use super::CodeGenContext;
-
 /// Returns the string representation for the floating-point type `ft` when used in intrinsic
 /// functions.
 fn get_float_intrinsic_repr(ctx: &Context, ft: FloatType) -> &'static str {
@@ -37,40 +35,6 @@ fn get_float_intrinsic_repr(ctx: &Context, ft: FloatType) -> &'static str {
     unreachable!()
 }
 
-/// Invokes the [`llvm.va_start`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-va-start-intrinsic)
-/// intrinsic.
-pub fn call_va_start<'ctx>(ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>, arglist: PointerValue<'ctx>) {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.va_start";
-
-    let intrinsic_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
-        let llvm_void = ctx.ctx.void_type();
-        let llvm_i8 = ctx.ctx.i8_type();
-        let llvm_p0i8 = llvm_i8.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
-        let fn_type = llvm_void.fn_type(&[llvm_p0i8.into()], false);
-
-        ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None)
-    });
-
-    ctx.builder.build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[arglist.into()], "").unwrap();
-}
-
-/// Invokes the [`llvm.va_start`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-va-start-intrinsic)
-/// intrinsic.
-pub fn call_va_end<'ctx>(ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>, arglist: PointerValue<'ctx>) {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.va_end";
-
-    let intrinsic_fn = ctx.module.get_function(FN_NAME).unwrap_or_else(|| {
-        let llvm_void = ctx.ctx.void_type();
-        let llvm_i8 = ctx.ctx.i8_type();
-        let llvm_p0i8 = llvm_i8.ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
-        let fn_type = llvm_void.fn_type(&[llvm_p0i8.into()], false);
-
-        ctx.module.add_function(FN_NAME, fn_type, None)
-    });
-
-    ctx.builder.build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[arglist.into()], "").unwrap();
-}
-
 /// Invokes the [`llvm.stacksave`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-stacksave-intrinsic)
 /// intrinsic.
 pub fn call_stacksave<'ctx>(
@@ -122,6 +86,135 @@ pub fn call_stackrestore<'ctx>(ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>, ptr: PointerValue
     ctx.builder.build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[ptr.into()], "").unwrap();
 }
 
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.abs`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-abs-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+///
+/// * `src` - The value for which the absolute value is to be returned.
+/// * `is_int_min_poison` - Whether `poison` is to be returned if `src` is `INT_MIN`.
+pub fn call_int_abs<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    src: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    is_int_min_poison: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.abs";
+
+    debug_assert_eq!(is_int_min_poison.get_type().get_bit_width(), 1);
+    debug_assert!(is_int_min_poison.is_const());
+
+    let llvm_src_t = src.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_src_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[src.into(), is_int_min_poison.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.smax`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-smax-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_int_smax<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    a: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    b: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.smax";
+
+    debug_assert_eq!(a.get_type().get_bit_width(), b.get_type().get_bit_width());
+
+    let llvm_int_t = a.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_int_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[a.into(), b.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.smin`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-smin-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_int_smin<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    a: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    b: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.smin";
+
+    debug_assert_eq!(a.get_type().get_bit_width(), b.get_type().get_bit_width());
+
+    let llvm_int_t = a.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_int_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[a.into(), b.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.umax`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-umax-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_int_umax<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    a: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    b: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.umax";
+
+    debug_assert_eq!(a.get_type().get_bit_width(), b.get_type().get_bit_width());
+
+    let llvm_int_t = a.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_int_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[a.into(), b.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.umin`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-umin-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_int_umin<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    a: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    b: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.umin";
+
+    debug_assert_eq!(a.get_type().get_bit_width(), b.get_type().get_bit_width());
+
+    let llvm_int_t = a.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_int_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[a.into(), b.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
 /// Invokes the [`llvm.memcpy`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-memcpy-intrinsic) intrinsic.
 ///
 /// * `dest` - The pointer to the destination. Must be a pointer to an integer type.
@@ -185,7 +278,7 @@ pub fn call_memcpy_generic<'ctx>(
         dest
     } else {
         ctx.builder
-            .build_bit_cast(dest, llvm_p0i8, "")
+            .build_bitcast(dest, llvm_p0i8, "")
             .map(BasicValueEnum::into_pointer_value)
             .unwrap()
     };
@@ -193,7 +286,7 @@ pub fn call_memcpy_generic<'ctx>(
         src
     } else {
         ctx.builder
-            .build_bit_cast(src, llvm_p0i8, "")
+            .build_bitcast(src, llvm_p0i8, "")
             .map(BasicValueEnum::into_pointer_value)
             .unwrap()
     };
@@ -201,123 +294,28 @@ pub fn call_memcpy_generic<'ctx>(
     call_memcpy(ctx, dest, src, len, is_volatile);
 }
 
-/// Macro to find and generate build call for llvm intrinsic (body of llvm intrinsic function)
-///
-/// Arguments:
-/// * `$ctx:ident`: Reference to the current Code Generation Context
-/// * `$name:ident`: Optional name to be assigned to the llvm build call (Option<&str>)
-/// * `$llvm_name:literal`: Name of underlying llvm intrinsic function
-/// * `$map_fn:ident`: Mapping function to be applied on `BasicValue` (`BasicValue` -> Function Return Type).
-///   Use `BasicValueEnum::into_int_value` for Integer return type and
-///   `BasicValueEnum::into_float_value` for Float return type
-/// * `$llvm_ty:ident`: Type of first operand
-/// * `,($val:ident)*`: Comma separated list of operands
-macro_rules! generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn_body {
-    ($ctx:ident, $name:ident, $llvm_name:literal, $map_fn:expr, $llvm_ty:ident $(,$val:ident)*) => {{
-        const FN_NAME: &str = concat!("llvm.", $llvm_name);
-        let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME).and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&$ctx.module, &[$llvm_ty.into()])).unwrap();
-        $ctx.builder.build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[$($val.into()),*],  $name.unwrap_or_default()).map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value).map(|v| v.map_left($map_fn)).map(Either::unwrap_left).unwrap()
-    }};
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.sqrt`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-sqrt-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_sqrt<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.sqrt";
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
 }
 
-/// Macro to generate the llvm intrinsic function using [`generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn_body`].
-///
-/// Arguments:
-/// * `float/int`: Indicates the return and argument type of the function
-/// * `$fn_name:ident`: The identifier of the rust function to be generated
-/// * `$llvm_name:literal`: Name of underlying llvm intrinsic function.
-///   Omit "llvm." prefix from the function name i.e. use "ceil" instead of "llvm.ceil"
-/// * `$val:ident`: The operand for unary operations
-/// * `$val1:ident`, `$val2:ident`: The operands for binary operations
-macro_rules! generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn {
-    ("float", $fn_name:ident, $llvm_name:literal, $val:ident) => {
-        #[doc = concat!("Invokes the [`", stringify!($llvm_name), "`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-", stringify!($llvm_name), "-intrinsic) intrinsic." )]
-        pub fn $fn_name<'ctx> (
-            ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-            $val: FloatValue<'ctx>,
-            name: Option<&str>,
-        ) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
-            let llvm_ty = $val.get_type();
-            generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn_body!(ctx, name, $llvm_name, BasicValueEnum::into_float_value, llvm_ty, $val)
-        }
-    };
-    ("float", $fn_name:ident, $llvm_name:literal, $val1:ident, $val2:ident) => {
-        #[doc = concat!("Invokes the [`", stringify!($llvm_name), "`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-", stringify!($llvm_name), "-intrinsic) intrinsic." )]
-        pub fn $fn_name<'ctx> (
-            ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-            $val1: FloatValue<'ctx>,
-            $val2: FloatValue<'ctx>,
-            name: Option<&str>,
-        ) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
-            debug_assert_eq!($val1.get_type(), $val2.get_type());
-            let llvm_ty = $val1.get_type();
-            generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn_body!(ctx, name, $llvm_name, BasicValueEnum::into_float_value, llvm_ty, $val1, $val2)
-        }
-    };
-    ("int", $fn_name:ident, $llvm_name:literal, $val1:ident, $val2:ident) => {
-        #[doc = concat!("Invokes the [`", stringify!($llvm_name), "`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-", stringify!($llvm_name), "-intrinsic) intrinsic." )]
-        pub fn $fn_name<'ctx> (
-            ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-            $val1: IntValue<'ctx>,
-            $val2: IntValue<'ctx>,
-            name: Option<&str>,
-        ) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
-            debug_assert_eq!($val1.get_type().get_bit_width(), $val2.get_type().get_bit_width());
-            let llvm_ty = $val1.get_type();
-            generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn_body!(ctx, name, $llvm_name, BasicValueEnum::into_int_value, llvm_ty, $val1, $val2)
-        }
-    };
-}
-
-/// Invokes the [`llvm.abs`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-abs-intrinsic) intrinsic.
-///
-/// * `src` - The value for which the absolute value is to be returned.
-/// * `is_int_min_poison` - Whether `poison` is to be returned if `src` is `INT_MIN`.
-pub fn call_int_abs<'ctx>(
-    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    src: IntValue<'ctx>,
-    is_int_min_poison: IntValue<'ctx>,
-    name: Option<&str>,
-) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
-    debug_assert_eq!(is_int_min_poison.get_type().get_bit_width(), 1);
-    debug_assert!(is_int_min_poison.is_const());
-
-    let src_type = src.get_type();
-    generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn_body!(
-        ctx,
-        name,
-        "abs",
-        BasicValueEnum::into_int_value,
-        src_type,
-        src,
-        is_int_min_poison
-    )
-}
-
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("int", call_int_smax, "smax", a, b);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("int", call_int_smin, "smin", a, b);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("int", call_int_umax, "umax", a, b);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("int", call_int_umin, "umin", a, b);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("int", call_expect, "expect", val, expected_val);
-
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_sqrt, "sqrt", val);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_sin, "sin", val);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_cos, "cos", val);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_pow, "pow", val, power);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_exp, "exp", val);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_exp2, "exp2", val);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_log, "log", val);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_log10, "log10", val);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_log2, "log2", val);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_fabs, "fabs", src);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_minnum, "minnum", val, power);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_maxnum, "maxnum", val, power);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_copysign, "copysign", mag, sgn);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_floor, "floor", val);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_ceil, "ceil", val);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_round, "round", val);
-generate_llvm_intrinsic_fn!("float", call_float_rint, "rint", val);
-
 /// Invokes the [`llvm.powi`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-powi-intrinsic) intrinsic.
 pub fn call_float_powi<'ctx>(
     ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
@@ -343,3 +341,392 @@ pub fn call_float_powi<'ctx>(
         .map(Either::unwrap_left)
         .unwrap()
 }
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.sin`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-sin-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_sin<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.sin";
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.cos`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-cos-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_cos<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.cos";
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.pow`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-pow-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_pow<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    power: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.pow";
+
+    debug_assert_eq!(val.get_type(), power.get_type());
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val.into(), power.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.exp`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-exp-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_exp<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.exp";
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.exp2`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-exp2-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_exp2<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.exp2";
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.log`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-log-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_log<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.log";
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.log10`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-log10-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_log10<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.log10";
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.log2`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-log2-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_log2<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.log2";
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.fabs`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-fabs-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_fabs<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    src: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.fabs";
+
+    let llvm_src_t = src.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_src_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[src.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.minnum`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-minnum-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_minnum<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val1: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    val2: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.minnum";
+
+    debug_assert_eq!(val1.get_type(), val2.get_type());
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val1.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val1.into(), val2.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.maxnum`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-maxnum-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_maxnum<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val1: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    val2: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.maxnum";
+
+    debug_assert_eq!(val1.get_type(), val2.get_type());
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val1.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val1.into(), val2.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.copysign`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-copysign-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_copysign<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    mag: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    sgn: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.copysign";
+
+    debug_assert_eq!(mag.get_type(), sgn.get_type());
+
+    let llvm_float_t = mag.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[mag.into(), sgn.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.floor`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-floor-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_floor<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.floor";
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.ceil`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-ceil-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_ceil<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.ceil";
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.round`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-round-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_round<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.round";
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.rint`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-rint-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_float_rint<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val: FloatValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> FloatValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.rint";
+
+    let llvm_float_t = val.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_float_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_float_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}
+
+/// Invokes the [`llvm.expect`](https://llvm.org/docs/LangRef.html#llvm-expect-intrinsic) intrinsic.
+pub fn call_expect<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    val: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    expected_val: IntValue<'ctx>,
+    name: Option<&str>,
+) -> IntValue<'ctx> {
+    const FN_NAME: &str = "llvm.expect";
+
+    debug_assert_eq!(val.get_type().get_bit_width(), expected_val.get_type().get_bit_width());
+
+    let llvm_int_t = val.get_type();
+
+    let intrinsic_fn = Intrinsic::find(FN_NAME)
+        .and_then(|intrinsic| intrinsic.get_declaration(&ctx.module, &[llvm_int_t.into()]))
+        .unwrap();
+
+    ctx.builder
+        .build_call(intrinsic_fn, &[val.into(), expected_val.into()], name.unwrap_or_default())
+        .map(CallSiteValue::try_as_basic_value)
+        .map(|v| v.map_left(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value))
+        .map(Either::unwrap_left)
+        .unwrap()
+}

nac3core/src/codegen/mod.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
-use std::{
-    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
-    sync::{
-        atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
-        Arc,
+use crate::{
+    codegen::classes::{ListType, NDArrayType, ProxyType, RangeType},
+    codegen::tracert::{TraceRuntimeConfig, TraceRuntimeState},
+    symbol_resolver::{StaticValue, SymbolResolver},
+    toplevel::{helper::PrimDef, numpy::unpack_ndarray_var_tys, TopLevelContext, TopLevelDef},
+    typecheck::{
+        type_inferencer::{CodeLocation, PrimitiveStore},
+        typedef::{CallId, FuncArg, Type, TypeEnum, Unifier},
     },
-    thread,
 };
-
 use crossbeam::channel::{unbounded, Receiver, Sender};
 use inkwell::{
     attributes::{Attribute, AttributeLoc},
@@ -24,21 +25,14 @@ use inkwell::{
     AddressSpace, IntPredicate, OptimizationLevel,
 };
 use itertools::Itertools;
-use parking_lot::{Condvar, Mutex};
-
 use nac3parser::ast::{Location, Stmt, StrRef};
-
-use crate::{
-    symbol_resolver::{StaticValue, SymbolResolver},
-    toplevel::{helper::PrimDef, numpy::unpack_ndarray_var_tys, TopLevelContext, TopLevelDef},
-    typecheck::{
-        type_inferencer::{CodeLocation, PrimitiveStore},
-        typedef::{CallId, FuncArg, Type, TypeEnum, Unifier},
-    },
+use parking_lot::{Condvar, Mutex};
+use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+use std::sync::{
+    atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering},
+    Arc,
 };
-use classes::{ListType, NDArrayType, ProxyType, RangeType};
-use concrete_type::{ConcreteType, ConcreteTypeEnum, ConcreteTypeStore};
-pub use generator::{CodeGenerator, DefaultCodeGenerator};
+use std::thread;
 
 pub mod builtin_fns;
 pub mod classes;
@@ -50,25 +44,13 @@ pub mod irrt;
 pub mod llvm_intrinsics;
 pub mod numpy;
 pub mod stmt;
+pub mod tracert;
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test;
 
-mod macros {
-    /// Codegen-variant of [`std::unreachable`] which accepts an instance of [`CodeGenContext`] as
-    /// its first argument to provide Python source information to indicate the codegen location
-    /// causing the assertion.
-    macro_rules! codegen_unreachable {
-        ($ctx:expr $(,)?) => {
-            std::unreachable!("unreachable code while processing {}", &$ctx.current_loc)
-        };
-        ($ctx:expr, $($arg:tt)*) => {
-            std::unreachable!("unreachable code while processing {}: {}", &$ctx.current_loc, std::format!("{}", std::format_args!($($arg)+)))
-        };
-    }
-
-    pub(crate) use codegen_unreachable;
-}
+use concrete_type::{ConcreteType, ConcreteTypeEnum, ConcreteTypeStore};
+pub use generator::{CodeGenerator, DefaultCodeGenerator};
 
 #[derive(Default)]
 pub struct StaticValueStore {
@@ -88,16 +70,6 @@ pub struct CodeGenLLVMOptions {
     pub target: CodeGenTargetMachineOptions,
 }
 
-impl CodeGenLLVMOptions {
-    /// Creates a [`TargetMachine`] using the target options specified by this struct.
-    ///
-    /// See [`Target::create_target_machine`].
-    #[must_use]
-    pub fn create_target_machine(&self) -> Option<TargetMachine> {
-        self.target.create_target_machine(self.opt_level)
-    }
-}
-
 /// Additional options for code generation for the target machine.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub struct CodeGenTargetMachineOptions {
@@ -219,6 +191,8 @@ pub struct CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a> {
     /// See [`need_sret`].
     pub need_sret: bool,
 
+    pub tracert_state: Option<TraceRuntimeState>,
+
     /// The current source location.
     pub current_loc: Location,
 }
@@ -266,6 +240,8 @@ pub struct WorkerRegistry {
 
     /// LLVM-related options for code generation.
     pub llvm_options: CodeGenLLVMOptions,
+
+    tracert_config: TraceRuntimeConfig,
 }
 
 impl WorkerRegistry {
@@ -275,6 +251,7 @@ impl WorkerRegistry {
         generators: Vec<Box<G>>,
         top_level_ctx: Arc<TopLevelContext>,
         llvm_options: &CodeGenLLVMOptions,
+        tracert_config: &TraceRuntimeConfig,
         f: &Arc<WithCall>,
     ) -> (Arc<WorkerRegistry>, Vec<thread::JoinHandle<()>>) {
         let (sender, receiver) = unbounded();
@@ -296,6 +273,7 @@ impl WorkerRegistry {
             wait_condvar,
             top_level_ctx,
             llvm_options: llvm_options.clone(),
+            tracert_config: tracert_config.clone(),
         });
 
         let mut handles = Vec::new();
@@ -368,10 +346,6 @@ impl WorkerRegistry {
         let mut builder = context.create_builder();
         let mut module = context.create_module(generator.get_name());
 
-        let target_machine = self.llvm_options.create_target_machine().unwrap();
-        module.set_data_layout(&target_machine.get_target_data().get_data_layout());
-        module.set_triple(&target_machine.get_triple());
-
         module.add_basic_value_flag(
             "Debug Info Version",
             inkwell::module::FlagBehavior::Warning,
@@ -395,10 +369,6 @@ impl WorkerRegistry {
                     errors.insert(e);
                     // create a new empty module just to continue codegen and collect errors
                     module = context.create_module(&format!("{}_recover", generator.get_name()));
-
-                    let target_machine = self.llvm_options.create_target_machine().unwrap();
-                    module.set_data_layout(&target_machine.get_target_data().get_data_layout());
-                    module.set_triple(&target_machine.get_triple());
                 }
             }
             *self.task_count.lock() -= 1;
@@ -464,7 +434,7 @@ pub struct CodeGenTask {
 fn get_llvm_type<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     ctx: &'ctx Context,
     module: &Module<'ctx>,
-    generator: &G,
+    generator: &mut G,
     unifier: &mut Unifier,
     top_level: &TopLevelContext,
     type_cache: &mut HashMap<Type, BasicTypeEnum<'ctx>>,
@@ -558,10 +528,8 @@ fn get_llvm_type<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
                 };
                 return ty;
             }
-            TTuple { ty, is_vararg_ctx } => {
+            TTuple { ty } => {
                 // a struct with fields in the order present in the tuple
-                assert!(!is_vararg_ctx, "Tuples in vararg context must be instantiated with the correct number of arguments before calling get_llvm_type");
-
                 let fields = ty
                     .iter()
                     .map(|ty| {
@@ -591,7 +559,7 @@ fn get_llvm_type<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
 fn get_llvm_abi_type<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     ctx: &'ctx Context,
     module: &Module<'ctx>,
-    generator: &G,
+    generator: &mut G,
     unifier: &mut Unifier,
     top_level: &TopLevelContext,
     type_cache: &mut HashMap<Type, BasicTypeEnum<'ctx>>,
@@ -600,11 +568,11 @@ fn get_llvm_abi_type<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
 ) -> BasicTypeEnum<'ctx> {
     // If the type is used in the definition of a function, return `i1` instead of `i8` for ABI
     // consistency.
-    if unifier.unioned(ty, primitives.bool) {
+    return if unifier.unioned(ty, primitives.bool) {
         ctx.bool_type().into()
     } else {
         get_llvm_type(ctx, module, generator, unifier, top_level, type_cache, ty)
-    }
+    };
 }
 
 /// Whether `sret` is needed for a return value with type `ty`.
@@ -629,40 +597,6 @@ fn need_sret(ty: BasicTypeEnum) -> bool {
     need_sret_impl(ty, true)
 }
 
-/// Returns the [`BasicTypeEnum`] representing a `va_list` struct for variadic arguments.
-fn get_llvm_valist_type<'ctx>(ctx: &'ctx Context, triple: &TargetTriple) -> BasicTypeEnum<'ctx> {
-    let triple = TargetMachine::normalize_triple(triple);
-    let triple = triple.as_str().to_str().unwrap();
-    let arch = triple.split('-').next().unwrap();
-
-    let llvm_pi8 = ctx.i8_type().ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
-
-    // Referenced from parseArch() in llvm/lib/Support/Triple.cpp
-    match arch {
-        "i386" | "i486" | "i586" | "i686" | "riscv32" => {
-            ctx.i8_type().ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()).into()
-        }
-        "amd64" | "x86_64" | "x86_64h" => {
-            let llvm_i32 = ctx.i32_type();
-
-            let va_list_tag = ctx.opaque_struct_type("struct.__va_list_tag");
-            va_list_tag.set_body(
-                &[llvm_i32.into(), llvm_i32.into(), llvm_pi8.into(), llvm_pi8.into()],
-                false,
-            );
-            va_list_tag.into()
-        }
-        "armv7" => {
-            let va_list = ctx.opaque_struct_type("struct.__va_list");
-            va_list.set_body(&[llvm_pi8.into()], false);
-            va_list.into()
-        }
-        triple => {
-            todo!("Unsupported platform for varargs: {triple}")
-        }
-    }
-}
-
 /// Implementation for generating LLVM IR for a function.
 pub fn gen_func_impl<
     'ctx,
@@ -774,7 +708,6 @@ pub fn gen_func_impl<
                 name: arg.name,
                 ty: task.store.to_unifier_type(&mut unifier, &primitives, arg.ty, &mut cache),
                 default_value: arg.default_value.clone(),
-                is_vararg: arg.is_vararg,
             })
             .collect_vec(),
         task.store.to_unifier_type(&mut unifier, &primitives, *ret, &mut cache),
@@ -797,10 +730,7 @@ pub fn gen_func_impl<
     let has_sret = ret_type.map_or(false, |ty| need_sret(ty));
     let mut params = args
         .iter()
-        .filter(|arg| !arg.is_vararg)
         .map(|arg| {
-            debug_assert!(!arg.is_vararg);
-
             get_llvm_abi_type(
                 context,
                 &module,
@@ -819,12 +749,9 @@ pub fn gen_func_impl<
         params.insert(0, ret_type.unwrap().ptr_type(AddressSpace::default()).into());
     }
 
-    debug_assert!(matches!(args.iter().filter(|arg| arg.is_vararg).count(), 0..=1));
-    let vararg_arg = args.iter().find(|arg| arg.is_vararg);
-
     let fn_type = match ret_type {
-        Some(ret_type) if !has_sret => ret_type.fn_type(&params, vararg_arg.is_some()),
-        _ => context.void_type().fn_type(&params, vararg_arg.is_some()),
+        Some(ret_type) if !has_sret => ret_type.fn_type(&params, false),
+        _ => context.void_type().fn_type(&params, false),
     };
 
     let symbol = &task.symbol_name;
@@ -852,10 +779,9 @@ pub fn gen_func_impl<
     builder.position_at_end(init_bb);
     let body_bb = context.append_basic_block(fn_val, "body");
 
-    // Store non-vararg argument values into local variables
     let mut var_assignment = HashMap::new();
     let offset = u32::from(has_sret);
-    for (n, arg) in args.iter().enumerate().filter(|(_, arg)| !arg.is_vararg) {
+    for (n, arg) in args.iter().enumerate() {
         let param = fn_val.get_nth_param((n as u32) + offset).unwrap();
         let local_type = get_llvm_type(
             context,
@@ -888,8 +814,6 @@ pub fn gen_func_impl<
         var_assignment.insert(arg.name, (alloca, None, 0));
     }
 
-    // TODO: Save vararg parameters as list
-
     let return_buffer = if has_sret {
         Some(fn_val.get_nth_param(0).unwrap().into_pointer_value())
     } else {
@@ -979,6 +903,13 @@ pub fn gen_func_impl<
         unifier,
         static_value_store,
         need_sret: has_sret,
+        tracert_state: if cfg!(feature = "tracing")
+            || registry.tracert_config.enabled_tags.is_empty()
+        {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(TraceRuntimeState::create(registry.tracert_config.clone()))
+        },
         current_loc: Location::default(),
         debug_info: (dibuilder, compile_unit, func_scope.as_debug_info_scope()),
     };
@@ -1112,9 +1043,3 @@ fn gen_in_range_check<'ctx>(
 
     ctx.builder.build_int_compare(IntPredicate::SLT, lo, hi, "cmp").unwrap()
 }
-
-/// Returns the internal name for the `va_count` argument, used to indicate the number of arguments
-/// passed to the variadic function.
-fn get_va_count_arg_name(arg_name: StrRef) -> StrRef {
-    format!("__{}_va_count", &arg_name).into()
-}

nac3core/src/codegen/numpy.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,5 @@
-use inkwell::{
-    types::{AnyTypeEnum, BasicType, BasicTypeEnum, PointerType},
-    values::{BasicValue, BasicValueEnum, IntValue, PointerValue},
-    AddressSpace, IntPredicate, OptimizationLevel,
-};
-
-use nac3parser::ast::{Operator, StrRef};
-
-use super::{
+use crate::{
+    codegen::{
         classes::{
             ArrayLikeIndexer, ArrayLikeValue, ListType, ListValue, NDArrayType, NDArrayValue,
             ProxyType, ProxyValue, TypedArrayLikeAccessor, TypedArrayLikeAdapter,
@@ -15,14 +8,13 @@ use super::{
         expr::gen_binop_expr_with_values,
         irrt::{
             calculate_len_for_slice_range, call_ndarray_calc_broadcast,
-        call_ndarray_calc_broadcast_index, call_ndarray_calc_nd_indices, call_ndarray_calc_size,
+            call_ndarray_calc_broadcast_index, call_ndarray_calc_nd_indices,
+            call_ndarray_calc_size,
         },
         llvm_intrinsics::{self, call_memcpy_generic},
-    macros::codegen_unreachable,
         stmt::{gen_for_callback_incrementing, gen_for_range_callback, gen_if_else_expr_callback},
         CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator,
-};
-use crate::{
+    },
     symbol_resolver::ValueEnum,
     toplevel::{
         helper::PrimDef,
@@ -34,6 +26,13 @@ use crate::{
         typedef::{FunSignature, Type, TypeEnum},
     },
 };
+use inkwell::types::{AnyTypeEnum, BasicTypeEnum, PointerType};
+use inkwell::{
+    types::BasicType,
+    values::{BasicValueEnum, IntValue, PointerValue},
+    AddressSpace, IntPredicate, OptimizationLevel,
+};
+use nac3parser::ast::{Operator, StrRef};
 
 /// Creates an uninitialized `NDArray` instance.
 fn create_ndarray_uninitialized<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
@@ -87,7 +86,6 @@ where
     gen_for_callback_incrementing(
         generator,
         ctx,
-        None,
         llvm_usize.const_zero(),
         (shape_len, false),
         |generator, ctx, _, i| {
@@ -133,7 +131,6 @@ where
     gen_for_callback_incrementing(
         generator,
         ctx,
-        None,
         llvm_usize.const_zero(),
         (shape_len, false),
         |generator, ctx, _, i| {
@@ -160,7 +157,7 @@ where
 ///
 /// * `elem_ty` - The element type of the `NDArray`.
 /// * `shape` - The shape of the `NDArray`, represented am array of [`IntValue`]s.
-pub fn create_ndarray_const_shape<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
+fn create_ndarray_const_shape<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     generator: &mut G,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
     elem_ty: Type,
@@ -255,9 +252,9 @@ fn ndarray_zero_value<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     } else if ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, ctx.primitives.bool) {
         ctx.ctx.bool_type().const_zero().into()
     } else if ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, ctx.primitives.str) {
-        ctx.gen_string(generator, "").into()
+        ctx.gen_string(generator, "")
     } else {
-        codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+        unreachable!()
     }
 }
 
@@ -283,9 +280,9 @@ fn ndarray_one_value<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     } else if ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, ctx.primitives.bool) {
         ctx.ctx.bool_type().const_int(1, false).into()
     } else if ctx.unifier.unioned(elem_ty, ctx.primitives.str) {
-        ctx.gen_string(generator, "1").into()
+        ctx.gen_string(generator, "1")
     } else {
-        codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+        unreachable!()
     }
 }
 
@@ -353,7 +350,7 @@ fn call_ndarray_empty_impl<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
 
             create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[shape_int])
         }
-        _ => codegen_unreachable!(ctx),
+        _ => unreachable!(),
     }
 }
 
@@ -385,7 +382,6 @@ where
     gen_for_callback_incrementing(
         generator,
         ctx,
-        None,
         llvm_usize.const_zero(),
         (ndarray_num_elems, false),
         |generator, ctx, _, i| {
@@ -624,7 +620,7 @@ fn call_ndarray_full_impl<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         } else if fill_value.is_int_value() || fill_value.is_float_value() {
             fill_value
         } else {
-            codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+            unreachable!()
         };
 
         Ok(value)
@@ -707,12 +703,11 @@ fn ndarray_from_ndlist_impl<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
             gen_for_range_callback(
                 generator,
                 ctx,
-                None,
                 true,
                 |_, _| Ok(llvm_usize.const_zero()),
                 (|_, ctx| Ok(src_lst.load_size(ctx, None)), false),
                 |_, _| Ok(llvm_usize.const_int(1, false)),
-                |generator, ctx, _, i| {
+                |generator, ctx, i| {
                     let offset = ctx.builder.build_int_mul(stride, i, "").unwrap();
 
                     let dst_ptr =
@@ -939,7 +934,7 @@ fn call_ndarray_array_impl<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
                         .build_store(
                             lst,
                             ctx.builder
-                                .build_bit_cast(object.as_base_value(), llvm_plist_i8, "")
+                                .build_bitcast(object.as_base_value(), llvm_plist_i8, "")
                                 .unwrap(),
                         )
                         .unwrap();
@@ -948,12 +943,11 @@ fn call_ndarray_array_impl<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
                     gen_for_range_callback(
                         generator,
                         ctx,
-                        None,
                         true,
                         |_, _| Ok(llvm_usize.const_zero()),
                         (|_, _| Ok(stop), false),
                         |_, _| Ok(llvm_usize.const_int(1, false)),
-                        |generator, ctx, _, _| {
+                        |generator, ctx, _| {
                             let plist_plist_i8 = make_llvm_list(llvm_plist_i8.into())
                                 .ptr_type(AddressSpace::default());
 
@@ -961,7 +955,7 @@ fn call_ndarray_array_impl<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
                                 .builder
                                 .build_load(lst, "")
                                 .map(BasicValueEnum::into_pointer_value)
-                                .map(|v| ctx.builder.build_bit_cast(v, plist_plist_i8, "").unwrap())
+                                .map(|v| ctx.builder.build_bitcast(v, plist_plist_i8, "").unwrap())
                                 .map(BasicValueEnum::into_pointer_value)
                                 .unwrap();
                             let this_dim = ListValue::from_ptr_val(this_dim, llvm_usize, None);
@@ -980,9 +974,7 @@ fn call_ndarray_array_impl<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
                             ctx.builder
                                 .build_store(
                                     lst,
-                                    ctx.builder
-                                        .build_bit_cast(next_dim, llvm_plist_i8, "")
-                                        .unwrap(),
+                                    ctx.builder.build_bitcast(next_dim, llvm_plist_i8, "").unwrap(),
                                 )
                                 .unwrap();
 
@@ -1094,17 +1086,13 @@ fn ndarray_sliced_copyto_impl<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
 
     // If there are no (remaining) slice expressions, memcpy the entire dimension
     if slices.is_empty() {
-        let sizeof_elem = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty).size_of().unwrap();
-
         let stride = call_ndarray_calc_size(
             generator,
             ctx,
             &src_arr.dim_sizes(),
             (Some(llvm_usize.const_int(dim, false)), None),
         );
-        let stride =
-            ctx.builder.build_int_z_extend_or_bit_cast(stride, sizeof_elem.get_type(), "").unwrap();
-
+        let sizeof_elem = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, elem_ty).size_of().unwrap();
         let cpy_len = ctx.builder.build_int_mul(stride, sizeof_elem, "").unwrap();
 
         call_memcpy_generic(ctx, dst_slice_ptr, src_slice_ptr, cpy_len, llvm_i1.const_zero());
@@ -1138,12 +1126,11 @@ fn ndarray_sliced_copyto_impl<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
     gen_for_range_callback(
         generator,
         ctx,
-        None,
         false,
         |_, _| Ok(start),
         (|_, _| Ok(stop), true),
         |_, _| Ok(step),
-        |generator, ctx, _, src_i| {
+        |generator, ctx, src_i| {
             // Calculate the offset of the active slice
             let src_data_offset = ctx.builder.build_int_mul(src_stride, src_i, "").unwrap();
             let dst_i =
@@ -1256,7 +1243,6 @@ pub fn ndarray_sliced_copy<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
         gen_for_callback_incrementing(
             generator,
             ctx,
-            None,
             llvm_usize.const_int(slices.len() as u64, false),
             (this.load_ndims(ctx), false),
             |generator, ctx, _, idx| {
@@ -1661,7 +1647,6 @@ pub fn ndarray_matmul_2d<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator>(
         gen_for_callback_incrementing(
             generator,
             ctx,
-            None,
             llvm_i32.const_zero(),
             (common_dim, false),
             |generator, ctx, _, i| {
@@ -2020,7 +2005,7 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_fill<'ctx>(
             } else if value_arg.is_int_value() || value_arg.is_float_value() {
                 value_arg
             } else {
-                codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+                unreachable!()
             };
 
             Ok(value)
@@ -2029,497 +2014,3 @@ pub fn gen_ndarray_fill<'ctx>(
 
     Ok(())
 }
-
-/// Generates LLVM IR for `ndarray.transpose`.
-pub fn ndarray_transpose<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    x1: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "ndarray_transpose";
-    let (x1_ty, x1) = x1;
-    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-
-    if let BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n1) = x1 {
-        let (elem_ty, _) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x1_ty);
-        let n1 = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n1, llvm_usize, None);
-        let n_sz = call_ndarray_calc_size(generator, ctx, &n1.dim_sizes(), (None, None));
-
-        // Dimensions are reversed in the transposed array
-        let out = create_ndarray_dyn_shape(
-            generator,
-            ctx,
-            elem_ty,
-            &n1,
-            |_, ctx, n| Ok(n.load_ndims(ctx)),
-            |generator, ctx, n, idx| {
-                let new_idx = ctx.builder.build_int_sub(n.load_ndims(ctx), idx, "").unwrap();
-                let new_idx = ctx
-                    .builder
-                    .build_int_sub(new_idx, new_idx.get_type().const_int(1, false), "")
-                    .unwrap();
-                unsafe { Ok(n.dim_sizes().get_typed_unchecked(ctx, generator, &new_idx, None)) }
-            },
-        )
-        .unwrap();
-
-        gen_for_callback_incrementing(
-            generator,
-            ctx,
-            None,
-            llvm_usize.const_zero(),
-            (n_sz, false),
-            |generator, ctx, _, idx| {
-                let elem = unsafe { n1.data().get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &idx, None) };
-
-                let new_idx = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, llvm_usize.into(), None)?;
-                let rem_idx = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, llvm_usize.into(), None)?;
-                ctx.builder.build_store(new_idx, llvm_usize.const_zero()).unwrap();
-                ctx.builder.build_store(rem_idx, idx).unwrap();
-
-                // Incrementally calculate the new index in the transposed array
-                // For each index, we first decompose it into the n-dims and use those to reconstruct the new index
-                // The formula used for indexing is:
-                // idx = dim_n * ( ... (dim2 * (dim0 * dim1) + dim1) + dim2 ... ) + dim_n
-                gen_for_callback_incrementing(
-                    generator,
-                    ctx,
-                    None,
-                    llvm_usize.const_zero(),
-                    (n1.load_ndims(ctx), false),
-                    |generator, ctx, _, ndim| {
-                        let ndim_rev =
-                            ctx.builder.build_int_sub(n1.load_ndims(ctx), ndim, "").unwrap();
-                        let ndim_rev = ctx
-                            .builder
-                            .build_int_sub(ndim_rev, llvm_usize.const_int(1, false), "")
-                            .unwrap();
-                        let dim = unsafe {
-                            n1.dim_sizes().get_typed_unchecked(ctx, generator, &ndim_rev, None)
-                        };
-
-                        let rem_idx_val =
-                            ctx.builder.build_load(rem_idx, "").unwrap().into_int_value();
-                        let new_idx_val =
-                            ctx.builder.build_load(new_idx, "").unwrap().into_int_value();
-
-                        let add_component =
-                            ctx.builder.build_int_unsigned_rem(rem_idx_val, dim, "").unwrap();
-                        let rem_idx_val =
-                            ctx.builder.build_int_unsigned_div(rem_idx_val, dim, "").unwrap();
-
-                        let new_idx_val = ctx.builder.build_int_mul(new_idx_val, dim, "").unwrap();
-                        let new_idx_val =
-                            ctx.builder.build_int_add(new_idx_val, add_component, "").unwrap();
-
-                        ctx.builder.build_store(rem_idx, rem_idx_val).unwrap();
-                        ctx.builder.build_store(new_idx, new_idx_val).unwrap();
-
-                        Ok(())
-                    },
-                    llvm_usize.const_int(1, false),
-                )?;
-
-                let new_idx_val = ctx.builder.build_load(new_idx, "").unwrap().into_int_value();
-                unsafe { out.data().set_unchecked(ctx, generator, &new_idx_val, elem) };
-                Ok(())
-            },
-            llvm_usize.const_int(1, false),
-        )?;
-
-        Ok(out.as_base_value().into())
-    } else {
-        codegen_unreachable!(
-            ctx,
-            "{FN_NAME}() not supported for '{}'",
-            format!("'{}'", ctx.unifier.stringify(x1_ty))
-        )
-    }
-}
-
-/// LLVM-typed implementation for generating the implementation for `ndarray.reshape`.
-///
-/// * `x1` - `NDArray` to reshape.
-/// * `shape` - The `shape` parameter used to construct the new `NDArray`.
-///   Just like numpy, the `shape` argument can be:
-///   1. A list of `int32`;   e.g., `np.reshape(arr, [600, -1, 3])`
-///   2. A tuple of `int32`;  e.g., `np.reshape(arr, (-1, 800, 3))`
-///   3. A scalar `int32`;     e.g., `np.reshape(arr, 3)`
-///
-/// Note that unlike other generating functions, one of the dimensions in the shape can be negative.
-pub fn ndarray_reshape<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    x1: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-    shape: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "ndarray_reshape";
-    let (x1_ty, x1) = x1;
-    let (_, shape) = shape;
-
-    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-
-    if let BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n1) = x1 {
-        let (elem_ty, _) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, x1_ty);
-        let n1 = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n1, llvm_usize, None);
-        let n_sz = call_ndarray_calc_size(generator, ctx, &n1.dim_sizes(), (None, None));
-
-        let acc = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, llvm_usize.into(), None)?;
-        let num_neg = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, llvm_usize.into(), None)?;
-        ctx.builder.build_store(acc, llvm_usize.const_int(1, false)).unwrap();
-        ctx.builder.build_store(num_neg, llvm_usize.const_zero()).unwrap();
-
-        let out = match shape {
-            BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(shape_list_ptr)
-                if ListValue::is_instance(shape_list_ptr, llvm_usize).is_ok() =>
-            {
-                // 1. A list of ints; e.g., `np.reshape(arr, [int64(600), int64(800, -1])`
-
-                let shape_list = ListValue::from_ptr_val(shape_list_ptr, llvm_usize, None);
-                // Check for -1 in dimensions
-                gen_for_callback_incrementing(
-                    generator,
-                    ctx,
-                    None,
-                    llvm_usize.const_zero(),
-                    (shape_list.load_size(ctx, None), false),
-                    |generator, ctx, _, idx| {
-                        let ele =
-                            shape_list.data().get(ctx, generator, &idx, None).into_int_value();
-                        let ele = ctx.builder.build_int_s_extend(ele, llvm_usize, "").unwrap();
-
-                        gen_if_else_expr_callback(
-                            generator,
-                            ctx,
-                            |_, ctx| {
-                                Ok(ctx
-                                    .builder
-                                    .build_int_compare(
-                                        IntPredicate::SLT,
-                                        ele,
-                                        llvm_usize.const_zero(),
-                                        "",
-                                    )
-                                    .unwrap())
-                            },
-                            |_, ctx| -> Result<Option<IntValue>, String> {
-                                let num_neg_value =
-                                    ctx.builder.build_load(num_neg, "").unwrap().into_int_value();
-                                let num_neg_value = ctx
-                                    .builder
-                                    .build_int_add(
-                                        num_neg_value,
-                                        llvm_usize.const_int(1, false),
-                                        "",
-                                    )
-                                    .unwrap();
-                                ctx.builder.build_store(num_neg, num_neg_value).unwrap();
-                                Ok(None)
-                            },
-                            |_, ctx| {
-                                let acc_value =
-                                    ctx.builder.build_load(acc, "").unwrap().into_int_value();
-                                let acc_value =
-                                    ctx.builder.build_int_mul(acc_value, ele, "").unwrap();
-                                ctx.builder.build_store(acc, acc_value).unwrap();
-                                Ok(None)
-                            },
-                        )?;
-                        Ok(())
-                    },
-                    llvm_usize.const_int(1, false),
-                )?;
-                let acc_val = ctx.builder.build_load(acc, "").unwrap().into_int_value();
-                let rem = ctx.builder.build_int_unsigned_div(n_sz, acc_val, "").unwrap();
-                // Generate the output shape by filling -1 with `rem`
-                create_ndarray_dyn_shape(
-                    generator,
-                    ctx,
-                    elem_ty,
-                    &shape_list,
-                    |_, ctx, _| Ok(shape_list.load_size(ctx, None)),
-                    |generator, ctx, shape_list, idx| {
-                        let dim =
-                            shape_list.data().get(ctx, generator, &idx, None).into_int_value();
-                        let dim = ctx.builder.build_int_s_extend(dim, llvm_usize, "").unwrap();
-
-                        Ok(gen_if_else_expr_callback(
-                            generator,
-                            ctx,
-                            |_, ctx| {
-                                Ok(ctx
-                                    .builder
-                                    .build_int_compare(
-                                        IntPredicate::SLT,
-                                        dim,
-                                        llvm_usize.const_zero(),
-                                        "",
-                                    )
-                                    .unwrap())
-                            },
-                            |_, _| Ok(Some(rem)),
-                            |_, _| Ok(Some(dim)),
-                        )?
-                        .unwrap()
-                        .into_int_value())
-                    },
-                )
-            }
-            BasicValueEnum::StructValue(shape_tuple) => {
-                // 2. A tuple of `int32`;  e.g., `np.reshape(arr, (-1, 800, 3))`
-
-                let ndims = shape_tuple.get_type().count_fields();
-                // Check for -1 in dims
-                for dim_i in 0..ndims {
-                    let dim = ctx
-                        .builder
-                        .build_extract_value(shape_tuple, dim_i, "")
-                        .unwrap()
-                        .into_int_value();
-                    let dim = ctx.builder.build_int_s_extend(dim, llvm_usize, "").unwrap();
-
-                    gen_if_else_expr_callback(
-                        generator,
-                        ctx,
-                        |_, ctx| {
-                            Ok(ctx
-                                .builder
-                                .build_int_compare(
-                                    IntPredicate::SLT,
-                                    dim,
-                                    llvm_usize.const_zero(),
-                                    "",
-                                )
-                                .unwrap())
-                        },
-                        |_, ctx| -> Result<Option<IntValue>, String> {
-                            let num_negs =
-                                ctx.builder.build_load(num_neg, "").unwrap().into_int_value();
-                            let num_negs = ctx
-                                .builder
-                                .build_int_add(num_negs, llvm_usize.const_int(1, false), "")
-                                .unwrap();
-                            ctx.builder.build_store(num_neg, num_negs).unwrap();
-                            Ok(None)
-                        },
-                        |_, ctx| {
-                            let acc_val = ctx.builder.build_load(acc, "").unwrap().into_int_value();
-                            let acc_val = ctx.builder.build_int_mul(acc_val, dim, "").unwrap();
-                            ctx.builder.build_store(acc, acc_val).unwrap();
-                            Ok(None)
-                        },
-                    )?;
-                }
-
-                let acc_val = ctx.builder.build_load(acc, "").unwrap().into_int_value();
-                let rem = ctx.builder.build_int_unsigned_div(n_sz, acc_val, "").unwrap();
-                let mut shape = Vec::with_capacity(ndims as usize);
-
-                // Reconstruct shape filling negatives with rem
-                for dim_i in 0..ndims {
-                    let dim = ctx
-                        .builder
-                        .build_extract_value(shape_tuple, dim_i, "")
-                        .unwrap()
-                        .into_int_value();
-                    let dim = ctx.builder.build_int_s_extend(dim, llvm_usize, "").unwrap();
-
-                    let dim = gen_if_else_expr_callback(
-                        generator,
-                        ctx,
-                        |_, ctx| {
-                            Ok(ctx
-                                .builder
-                                .build_int_compare(
-                                    IntPredicate::SLT,
-                                    dim,
-                                    llvm_usize.const_zero(),
-                                    "",
-                                )
-                                .unwrap())
-                        },
-                        |_, _| Ok(Some(rem)),
-                        |_, _| Ok(Some(dim)),
-                    )?
-                    .unwrap()
-                    .into_int_value();
-                    shape.push(dim);
-                }
-                create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, shape.as_slice())
-            }
-            BasicValueEnum::IntValue(shape_int) => {
-                // 3. A scalar `int32`;     e.g., `np.reshape(arr, 3)`
-                let shape_int = gen_if_else_expr_callback(
-                    generator,
-                    ctx,
-                    |_, ctx| {
-                        Ok(ctx
-                            .builder
-                            .build_int_compare(
-                                IntPredicate::SLT,
-                                shape_int,
-                                llvm_usize.const_zero(),
-                                "",
-                            )
-                            .unwrap())
-                    },
-                    |_, _| Ok(Some(n_sz)),
-                    |_, ctx| {
-                        Ok(Some(ctx.builder.build_int_s_extend(shape_int, llvm_usize, "").unwrap()))
-                    },
-                )?
-                .unwrap()
-                .into_int_value();
-                create_ndarray_const_shape(generator, ctx, elem_ty, &[shape_int])
-            }
-            _ => codegen_unreachable!(ctx),
-        }
-        .unwrap();
-
-        // Only allow one dimension to be negative
-        let num_negs = ctx.builder.build_load(num_neg, "").unwrap().into_int_value();
-        ctx.make_assert(
-            generator,
-            ctx.builder
-                .build_int_compare(IntPredicate::ULT, num_negs, llvm_usize.const_int(2, false), "")
-                .unwrap(),
-            "0:ValueError",
-            "can only specify one unknown dimension",
-            [None, None, None],
-            ctx.current_loc,
-        );
-
-        // The new shape must be compatible with the old shape
-        let out_sz = call_ndarray_calc_size(generator, ctx, &out.dim_sizes(), (None, None));
-        ctx.make_assert(
-            generator,
-            ctx.builder.build_int_compare(IntPredicate::EQ, out_sz, n_sz, "").unwrap(),
-            "0:ValueError",
-            "cannot reshape array of size {0} into provided shape of size {1}",
-            [Some(n_sz), Some(out_sz), None],
-            ctx.current_loc,
-        );
-
-        gen_for_callback_incrementing(
-            generator,
-            ctx,
-            None,
-            llvm_usize.const_zero(),
-            (n_sz, false),
-            |generator, ctx, _, idx| {
-                let elem = unsafe { n1.data().get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &idx, None) };
-                unsafe { out.data().set_unchecked(ctx, generator, &idx, elem) };
-                Ok(())
-            },
-            llvm_usize.const_int(1, false),
-        )?;
-
-        Ok(out.as_base_value().into())
-    } else {
-        codegen_unreachable!(
-            ctx,
-            "{FN_NAME}() not supported for '{}'",
-            format!("'{}'", ctx.unifier.stringify(x1_ty))
-        )
-    }
-}
-
-/// Generates LLVM IR for `ndarray.dot`.
-/// Calculate inner product of two vectors or literals
-/// For matrix multiplication use `np_matmul`
-///
-/// The input `NDArray` are flattened and treated as 1D
-/// The operation is equivalent to `np.dot(arr1.ravel(), arr2.ravel())`
-pub fn ndarray_dot<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator + ?Sized>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    x1: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-    x2: (Type, BasicValueEnum<'ctx>),
-) -> Result<BasicValueEnum<'ctx>, String> {
-    const FN_NAME: &str = "ndarray_dot";
-    let (x1_ty, x1) = x1;
-    let (_, x2) = x2;
-
-    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-
-    match (x1, x2) {
-        (BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n1), BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(n2)) => {
-            let n1 = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n1, llvm_usize, None);
-            let n2 = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(n2, llvm_usize, None);
-
-            let n1_sz = call_ndarray_calc_size(generator, ctx, &n1.dim_sizes(), (None, None));
-            let n2_sz = call_ndarray_calc_size(generator, ctx, &n1.dim_sizes(), (None, None));
-
-            ctx.make_assert(
-                generator,
-                ctx.builder.build_int_compare(IntPredicate::EQ, n1_sz, n2_sz, "").unwrap(),
-                "0:ValueError",
-                "shapes ({0}), ({1}) not aligned",
-                [Some(n1_sz), Some(n2_sz), None],
-                ctx.current_loc,
-            );
-
-            let identity =
-                unsafe { n1.data().get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &llvm_usize.const_zero(), None) };
-            let acc = ctx.builder.build_alloca(identity.get_type(), "").unwrap();
-            ctx.builder.build_store(acc, identity.get_type().const_zero()).unwrap();
-
-            gen_for_callback_incrementing(
-                generator,
-                ctx,
-                None,
-                llvm_usize.const_zero(),
-                (n1_sz, false),
-                |generator, ctx, _, idx| {
-                    let elem1 = unsafe { n1.data().get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &idx, None) };
-                    let elem2 = unsafe { n2.data().get_unchecked(ctx, generator, &idx, None) };
-
-                    let product = match elem1 {
-                        BasicValueEnum::IntValue(e1) => ctx
-                            .builder
-                            .build_int_mul(e1, elem2.into_int_value(), "")
-                            .unwrap()
-                            .as_basic_value_enum(),
-                        BasicValueEnum::FloatValue(e1) => ctx
-                            .builder
-                            .build_float_mul(e1, elem2.into_float_value(), "")
-                            .unwrap()
-                            .as_basic_value_enum(),
-                        _ => codegen_unreachable!(ctx),
-                    };
-                    let acc_val = ctx.builder.build_load(acc, "").unwrap();
-                    let acc_val = match acc_val {
-                        BasicValueEnum::IntValue(e1) => ctx
-                            .builder
-                            .build_int_add(e1, product.into_int_value(), "")
-                            .unwrap()
-                            .as_basic_value_enum(),
-                        BasicValueEnum::FloatValue(e1) => ctx
-                            .builder
-                            .build_float_add(e1, product.into_float_value(), "")
-                            .unwrap()
-                            .as_basic_value_enum(),
-                        _ => codegen_unreachable!(ctx),
-                    };
-                    ctx.builder.build_store(acc, acc_val).unwrap();
-
-                    Ok(())
-                },
-                llvm_usize.const_int(1, false),
-            )?;
-            let acc_val = ctx.builder.build_load(acc, "").unwrap();
-            Ok(acc_val)
-        }
-        (BasicValueEnum::IntValue(e1), BasicValueEnum::IntValue(e2)) => {
-            Ok(ctx.builder.build_int_mul(e1, e2, "").unwrap().as_basic_value_enum())
-        }
-        (BasicValueEnum::FloatValue(e1), BasicValueEnum::FloatValue(e2)) => {
-            Ok(ctx.builder.build_float_mul(e1, e2, "").unwrap().as_basic_value_enum())
-        }
-        _ => codegen_unreachable!(
-            ctx,
-            "{FN_NAME}() not supported for '{}'",
-            format!("'{}'", ctx.unifier.stringify(x1_ty))
-        ),
-    }
-}

nac3core/src/codegen/stmt.rs

@@ -1,3 +1,21 @@
+use super::{
+    super::symbol_resolver::ValueEnum,
+    expr::destructure_range,
+    irrt::{handle_slice_indices, list_slice_assignment},
+    CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator,
+};
+use crate::{
+    codegen::{
+        classes::{ArrayLikeIndexer, ArraySliceValue, ListValue, RangeValue},
+        expr::gen_binop_expr,
+        gen_in_range_check,
+    },
+    toplevel::{helper::PrimDef, numpy::unpack_ndarray_var_tys, DefinitionId, TopLevelDef},
+    typecheck::{
+        magic_methods::Binop,
+        typedef::{FunSignature, Type, TypeEnum},
+    },
+};
 use inkwell::{
     attributes::{Attribute, AttributeLoc},
     basic_block::BasicBlock,
@@ -5,28 +23,10 @@ use inkwell::{
     values::{BasicValue, BasicValueEnum, FunctionValue, IntValue, PointerValue},
     IntPredicate,
 };
-use itertools::{izip, Itertools};
-
 use nac3parser::ast::{
     Constant, ExcepthandlerKind, Expr, ExprKind, Location, Stmt, StmtKind, StrRef,
 };
-
-use super::{
-    classes::{ArrayLikeIndexer, ArraySliceValue, ListValue, RangeValue},
-    expr::{destructure_range, gen_binop_expr},
-    gen_in_range_check,
-    irrt::{handle_slice_indices, list_slice_assignment},
-    macros::codegen_unreachable,
-    CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator,
-};
-use crate::{
-    symbol_resolver::ValueEnum,
-    toplevel::{DefinitionId, TopLevelDef},
-    typecheck::{
-        magic_methods::Binop,
-        typedef::{iter_type_vars, FunSignature, Type, TypeEnum},
-    },
-};
+use std::convert::TryFrom;
 
 /// See [`CodeGenerator::gen_var_alloc`].
 pub fn gen_var<'ctx>(
@@ -97,6 +97,8 @@ pub fn gen_store_target<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator>(
     pattern: &Expr<Option<Type>>,
     name: Option<&str>,
 ) -> Result<Option<PointerValue<'ctx>>, String> {
+    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
+
     // very similar to gen_expr, but we don't do an extra load at the end
     // and we flatten nested tuples
     Ok(Some(match &pattern.node {
@@ -121,7 +123,7 @@ pub fn gen_store_target<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator>(
                 return Ok(None);
             };
             let BasicValueEnum::PointerValue(ptr) = val else {
-                codegen_unreachable!(ctx);
+                unreachable!();
             };
             unsafe {
                 ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(
@@ -135,7 +137,66 @@ pub fn gen_store_target<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator>(
             }
             .unwrap()
         }
-        _ => codegen_unreachable!(ctx),
+        ExprKind::Subscript { value, slice, .. } => {
+            match ctx.unifier.get_ty_immutable(value.custom.unwrap()).as_ref() {
+                TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. } if *obj_id == PrimDef::List.id() => {
+                    let v = generator
+                        .gen_expr(ctx, value)?
+                        .unwrap()
+                        .to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, value.custom.unwrap())?
+                        .into_pointer_value();
+                    let v = ListValue::from_ptr_val(v, llvm_usize, None);
+                    let len = v.load_size(ctx, Some("len"));
+                    let raw_index = generator
+                        .gen_expr(ctx, slice)?
+                        .unwrap()
+                        .to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, slice.custom.unwrap())?
+                        .into_int_value();
+                    let raw_index = ctx
+                        .builder
+                        .build_int_s_extend(raw_index, generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx), "sext")
+                        .unwrap();
+                    // handle negative index
+                    let is_negative = ctx
+                        .builder
+                        .build_int_compare(
+                            IntPredicate::SLT,
+                            raw_index,
+                            generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx).const_zero(),
+                            "is_neg",
+                        )
+                        .unwrap();
+                    let adjusted = ctx.builder.build_int_add(raw_index, len, "adjusted").unwrap();
+                    let index = ctx
+                        .builder
+                        .build_select(is_negative, adjusted, raw_index, "index")
+                        .map(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value)
+                        .unwrap();
+                    // unsigned less than is enough, because negative index after adjustment is
+                    // bigger than the length (for unsigned cmp)
+                    let bound_check = ctx
+                        .builder
+                        .build_int_compare(IntPredicate::ULT, index, len, "inbound")
+                        .unwrap();
+                    ctx.make_assert(
+                        generator,
+                        bound_check,
+                        "0:IndexError",
+                        "index {0} out of bounds 0:{1}",
+                        [Some(raw_index), Some(len), None],
+                        slice.location,
+                    );
+                    v.data().ptr_offset(ctx, generator, &index, name)
+                }
+
+                TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. } if *obj_id == PrimDef::NDArray.id() => {
+                    todo!()
+                }
+
+                _ => unreachable!(),
+            }
+        }
+        _ => unreachable!(),
     }))
 }
 
@@ -145,20 +206,70 @@ pub fn gen_assign<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator>(
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
     target: &Expr<Option<Type>>,
     value: ValueEnum<'ctx>,
-    value_ty: Type,
 ) -> Result<(), String> {
-    // See https://docs.python.org/3/reference/simple_stmts.html#assignment-statements.
+    let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
+
     match &target.node {
-        ExprKind::Subscript { value: target, slice: key, .. } => {
-            // Handle "slicing" or "subscription"
-            generator.gen_setitem(ctx, target, key, value, value_ty)?;
+        ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } => {
+            let BasicValueEnum::StructValue(v) =
+                value.to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, target.custom.unwrap())?
+            else {
+                unreachable!()
+            };
+
+            for (i, elt) in elts.iter().enumerate() {
+                let v = ctx
+                    .builder
+                    .build_extract_value(v, u32::try_from(i).unwrap(), "struct_elem")
+                    .unwrap();
+                generator.gen_assign(ctx, elt, v.into())?;
             }
-        ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } | ExprKind::List { elts, .. } => {
-            // Fold on `"[" [target_list] "]"` and `"(" [target_list] ")"`
-            generator.gen_assign_target_list(ctx, elts, value, value_ty)?;
+        }
+        ExprKind::Subscript { value: ls, slice, .. }
+            if matches!(&slice.node, ExprKind::Slice { .. }) =>
+        {
+            let ExprKind::Slice { lower, upper, step } = &slice.node else { unreachable!() };
+
+            let ls = generator
+                .gen_expr(ctx, ls)?
+                .unwrap()
+                .to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, ls.custom.unwrap())?
+                .into_pointer_value();
+            let ls = ListValue::from_ptr_val(ls, llvm_usize, None);
+            let Some((start, end, step)) =
+                handle_slice_indices(lower, upper, step, ctx, generator, ls.load_size(ctx, None))?
+            else {
+                return Ok(());
+            };
+            let value = value
+                .to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, target.custom.unwrap())?
+                .into_pointer_value();
+            let value = ListValue::from_ptr_val(value, llvm_usize, None);
+            let ty = match &*ctx.unifier.get_ty_immutable(target.custom.unwrap()) {
+                TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, params, .. } if *obj_id == PrimDef::List.id() => {
+                    *params.iter().next().unwrap().1
+                }
+                TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. } if *obj_id == PrimDef::NDArray.id() => {
+                    unpack_ndarray_var_tys(&mut ctx.unifier, target.custom.unwrap()).0
+                }
+                _ => unreachable!(),
+            };
+
+            let ty = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, ty);
+            let Some(src_ind) = handle_slice_indices(
+                &None,
+                &None,
+                &None,
+                ctx,
+                generator,
+                value.load_size(ctx, None),
+            )?
+            else {
+                return Ok(());
+            };
+            list_slice_assignment(generator, ctx, ty, ls, (start, end, step), value, src_ind);
         }
         _ => {
-            // Handle attribute and direct variable assignments.
             let name = if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &target.node {
                 format!("{id}.addr")
             } else {
@@ -176,259 +287,19 @@ pub fn gen_assign<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator>(
                 }
             }
             let val = value.to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, target.custom.unwrap())?;
-
-            // Perform i1 <-> i8 conversion as needed
-            let val = if ctx.unifier.unioned(target.custom.unwrap(), ctx.primitives.bool) {
-                generator.bool_to_i8(ctx, val.into_int_value()).into()
-            } else {
-                val
-            };
-
             ctx.builder.build_store(ptr, val).unwrap();
         }
     };
     Ok(())
 }
 
-/// See [`CodeGenerator::gen_assign_target_list`].
-pub fn gen_assign_target_list<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    targets: &Vec<Expr<Option<Type>>>,
-    value: ValueEnum<'ctx>,
-    value_ty: Type,
-) -> Result<(), String> {
-    // Deconstruct the tuple `value`
-    let BasicValueEnum::StructValue(tuple) = value.to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, value_ty)?
-    else {
-        codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
-    };
-
-    // NOTE: Currently, RHS's type is forced to be a Tuple by the type inferencer.
-    let TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: tuple_tys, .. } = &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(value_ty) else {
-        codegen_unreachable!(ctx);
-    };
-
-    assert_eq!(tuple.get_type().count_fields() as usize, tuple_tys.len());
-
-    let tuple = (0..tuple.get_type().count_fields())
-        .map(|i| ctx.builder.build_extract_value(tuple, i, "item").unwrap())
-        .collect_vec();
-
-    // Find the starred target if it exists.
-    let mut starred_target_index: Option<usize> = None; // Index of the "starred" target. If it exists, there may only be one.
-    for (i, target) in targets.iter().enumerate() {
-        if matches!(target.node, ExprKind::Starred { .. }) {
-            assert!(starred_target_index.is_none()); // The typechecker ensures this
-            starred_target_index = Some(i);
-        }
-    }
-
-    if let Some(starred_target_index) = starred_target_index {
-        assert!(tuple_tys.len() >= targets.len() - 1); // The typechecker ensures this
-
-        let a = starred_target_index; // Number of RHS values before the starred target
-        let b = tuple_tys.len() - (targets.len() - 1 - starred_target_index); // Number of RHS values after the starred target
-                                                                              // Thus `tuple[a..b]` is assigned to the starred target.
-
-        // Handle assignment before the starred target
-        for (target, val, val_ty) in
-            izip!(&targets[..starred_target_index], &tuple[..a], &tuple_tys[..a])
-        {
-            generator.gen_assign(ctx, target, ValueEnum::Dynamic(*val), *val_ty)?;
-        }
-
-        // Handle assignment to the starred target
-        if let ExprKind::Starred { value: target, .. } = &targets[starred_target_index].node {
-            let vals = &tuple[a..b];
-            let val_tys = &tuple_tys[a..b];
-
-            // Create a sub-tuple from `value` for the starred target.
-            let sub_tuple_ty = ctx
-                .ctx
-                .struct_type(&vals.iter().map(BasicValueEnum::get_type).collect_vec(), false);
-            let psub_tuple_val =
-                ctx.builder.build_alloca(sub_tuple_ty, "starred_target_value_ptr").unwrap();
-            for (i, val) in vals.iter().enumerate() {
-                let pitem = ctx
-                    .builder
-                    .build_struct_gep(psub_tuple_val, i as u32, "starred_target_value_item")
-                    .unwrap();
-                ctx.builder.build_store(pitem, *val).unwrap();
-            }
-            let sub_tuple_val =
-                ctx.builder.build_load(psub_tuple_val, "starred_target_value").unwrap();
-
-            // Create the typechecker type of the sub-tuple
-            let sub_tuple_ty =
-                ctx.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: val_tys.to_vec(), is_vararg_ctx: false });
-
-            // Now assign with that sub-tuple to the starred target.
-            generator.gen_assign(ctx, target, ValueEnum::Dynamic(sub_tuple_val), sub_tuple_ty)?;
-        } else {
-            codegen_unreachable!(ctx) // The typechecker ensures this
-        }
-
-        // Handle assignment after the starred target
-        for (target, val, val_ty) in
-            izip!(&targets[starred_target_index + 1..], &tuple[b..], &tuple_tys[b..])
-        {
-            generator.gen_assign(ctx, target, ValueEnum::Dynamic(*val), *val_ty)?;
-        }
-    } else {
-        assert_eq!(tuple_tys.len(), targets.len()); // The typechecker ensures this
-
-        for (target, val, val_ty) in izip!(targets, tuple, tuple_tys) {
-            generator.gen_assign(ctx, target, ValueEnum::Dynamic(val), *val_ty)?;
-        }
-    }
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-/// See [`CodeGenerator::gen_setitem`].
-pub fn gen_setitem<'ctx, G: CodeGenerator>(
-    generator: &mut G,
-    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-    target: &Expr<Option<Type>>,
-    key: &Expr<Option<Type>>,
-    value: ValueEnum<'ctx>,
-    value_ty: Type,
-) -> Result<(), String> {
-    let target_ty = target.custom.unwrap();
-    let key_ty = key.custom.unwrap();
-
-    match &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(target_ty) {
-        TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, params: list_params, .. }
-            if *obj_id == ctx.primitives.list.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).unwrap() =>
-        {
-            // Handle list item assignment
-            let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
-            let target_item_ty = iter_type_vars(list_params).next().unwrap().ty;
-
-            let target = generator
-                .gen_expr(ctx, target)?
-                .unwrap()
-                .to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, target_ty)?
-                .into_pointer_value();
-            let target = ListValue::from_ptr_val(target, llvm_usize, None);
-
-            if let ExprKind::Slice { .. } = &key.node {
-                // Handle assigning to a slice
-                let ExprKind::Slice { lower, upper, step } = &key.node else {
-                    codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
-                };
-                let Some((start, end, step)) = handle_slice_indices(
-                    lower,
-                    upper,
-                    step,
-                    ctx,
-                    generator,
-                    target.load_size(ctx, None),
-                )?
-                else {
-                    return Ok(());
-                };
-
-                let value =
-                    value.to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, value_ty)?.into_pointer_value();
-                let value = ListValue::from_ptr_val(value, llvm_usize, None);
-
-                let target_item_ty = ctx.get_llvm_type(generator, target_item_ty);
-                let Some(src_ind) = handle_slice_indices(
-                    &None,
-                    &None,
-                    &None,
-                    ctx,
-                    generator,
-                    value.load_size(ctx, None),
-                )?
-                else {
-                    return Ok(());
-                };
-                list_slice_assignment(
-                    generator,
-                    ctx,
-                    target_item_ty,
-                    target,
-                    (start, end, step),
-                    value,
-                    src_ind,
-                );
-            } else {
-                // Handle assigning to an index
-                let len = target.load_size(ctx, Some("len"));
-
-                let index = generator
-                    .gen_expr(ctx, key)?
-                    .unwrap()
-                    .to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, key_ty)?
-                    .into_int_value();
-                let index = ctx
-                    .builder
-                    .build_int_s_extend(index, generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx), "sext")
-                    .unwrap();
-
-                // handle negative index
-                let is_negative = ctx
-                    .builder
-                    .build_int_compare(
-                        IntPredicate::SLT,
-                        index,
-                        generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx).const_zero(),
-                        "is_neg",
-                    )
-                    .unwrap();
-                let adjusted = ctx.builder.build_int_add(index, len, "adjusted").unwrap();
-                let index = ctx
-                    .builder
-                    .build_select(is_negative, adjusted, index, "index")
-                    .map(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value)
-                    .unwrap();
-
-                // unsigned less than is enough, because negative index after adjustment is
-                // bigger than the length (for unsigned cmp)
-                let bound_check = ctx
-                    .builder
-                    .build_int_compare(IntPredicate::ULT, index, len, "inbound")
-                    .unwrap();
-                ctx.make_assert(
-                    generator,
-                    bound_check,
-                    "0:IndexError",
-                    "index {0} out of bounds 0:{1}",
-                    [Some(index), Some(len), None],
-                    key.location,
-                );
-
-                // Write value to index on list
-                let item_ptr =
-                    target.data().ptr_offset(ctx, generator, &index, Some("list_item_ptr"));
-                let value = value.to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, value_ty)?;
-                ctx.builder.build_store(item_ptr, value).unwrap();
-            }
-        }
-        TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. }
-            if *obj_id == ctx.primitives.ndarray.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).unwrap() =>
-        {
-            // Handle NDArray item assignment
-            todo!("ndarray subscript assignment is not yet implemented");
-        }
-        _ => {
-            panic!("encountered unknown target type: {}", ctx.unifier.stringify(target_ty));
-        }
-    }
-    Ok(())
-}
-
 /// See [`CodeGenerator::gen_for`].
 pub fn gen_for<G: CodeGenerator>(
     generator: &mut G,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'_, '_>,
     stmt: &Stmt<Option<Type>>,
 ) -> Result<(), String> {
-    let StmtKind::For { iter, target, body, orelse, .. } = &stmt.node else {
-        codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
-    };
+    let StmtKind::For { iter, target, body, orelse, .. } = &stmt.node else { unreachable!() };
 
     // var_assignment static values may be changed in another branch
     // if so, remove the static value as it may not be correct in this branch
@@ -444,6 +315,9 @@ pub fn gen_for<G: CodeGenerator>(
     let orelse_bb =
         if orelse.is_empty() { cont_bb } else { ctx.ctx.append_basic_block(current, "for.orelse") };
 
+    // Whether the iterable is a range() expression
+    let is_iterable_range_expr = ctx.unifier.unioned(iter.custom.unwrap(), ctx.primitives.range);
+
     // The BB containing the increment expression
     let incr_bb = ctx.ctx.append_basic_block(current, "for.incr");
     // The BB containing the loop condition check
@@ -452,35 +326,27 @@ pub fn gen_for<G: CodeGenerator>(
     // store loop bb information and restore it later
     let loop_bb = ctx.loop_target.replace((incr_bb, cont_bb));
 
-    let iter_ty = iter.custom.unwrap();
     let iter_val = if let Some(v) = generator.gen_expr(ctx, iter)? {
-        v.to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, iter_ty)?
+        v.to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, iter.custom.unwrap())?
     } else {
         return Ok(());
     };
-
-    match &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(iter_ty) {
-        TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. }
-            if *obj_id == ctx.primitives.range.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).unwrap() =>
-        {
+    if is_iterable_range_expr {
         let iter_val = RangeValue::from_ptr_val(iter_val.into_pointer_value(), Some("range"));
         // Internal variable for loop; Cannot be assigned
         let i = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, int32.into(), Some("for.i.addr"))?;
         // Variable declared in "target" expression of the loop; Can be reassigned *or* shadowed
-            let Some(target_i) =
-                generator.gen_store_target(ctx, target, Some("for.target.addr"))?
+        let Some(target_i) = generator.gen_store_target(ctx, target, Some("for.target.addr"))?
         else {
-                codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+            unreachable!()
         };
         let (start, stop, step) = destructure_range(ctx, iter_val);
 
         ctx.builder.build_store(i, start).unwrap();
 
         // Check "If step is zero, ValueError is raised."
-            let rangenez = ctx
-                .builder
-                .build_int_compare(IntPredicate::NE, step, int32.const_zero(), "")
-                .unwrap();
+        let rangenez =
+            ctx.builder.build_int_compare(IntPredicate::NE, step, int32.const_zero(), "").unwrap();
         ctx.make_assert(
             generator,
             rangenez,
@@ -497,10 +363,7 @@ pub fn gen_for<G: CodeGenerator>(
                 .build_conditional_branch(
                     gen_in_range_check(
                         ctx,
-                            ctx.builder
-                                .build_load(i, "")
-                                .map(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value)
-                                .unwrap(),
+                        ctx.builder.build_load(i, "").map(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value).unwrap(),
                         stop,
                         step,
                     ),
@@ -530,10 +393,7 @@ pub fn gen_for<G: CodeGenerator>(
             )
             .unwrap();
         generator.gen_block(ctx, body.iter())?;
-        }
-        TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, params: list_params, .. }
-            if *obj_id == ctx.primitives.list.obj_id(&ctx.unifier).unwrap() =>
-        {
+    } else {
         let index_addr = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, size_t.into(), Some("for.index.addr"))?;
         ctx.builder.build_store(index_addr, size_t.const_zero()).unwrap();
         let len = ctx
@@ -571,14 +431,9 @@ pub fn gen_for<G: CodeGenerator>(
             .map(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value)
             .unwrap();
         let val = ctx.build_gep_and_load(arr_ptr, &[index], Some("val"));
-            let val_ty = iter_type_vars(list_params).next().unwrap().ty;
-            generator.gen_assign(ctx, target, val.into(), val_ty)?;
+        generator.gen_assign(ctx, target, val.into())?;
         generator.gen_block(ctx, body.iter())?;
     }
-        _ => {
-            panic!("unsupported for loop iterator type: {}", ctx.unifier.stringify(iter_ty));
-        }
-    }
 
     for (k, (_, _, counter)) in &var_assignment {
         let (_, static_val, counter2) = ctx.var_assignment.get_mut(k).unwrap();
@@ -639,7 +494,6 @@ pub struct BreakContinueHooks<'ctx> {
 pub fn gen_for_callback<'ctx, 'a, G, I, InitFn, CondFn, BodyFn, UpdateFn>(
     generator: &mut G,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
-    label: Option<&str>,
     init: InitFn,
     cond: CondFn,
     body: BodyFn,
@@ -650,24 +504,18 @@ where
     I: Clone,
     InitFn: FnOnce(&mut G, &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>) -> Result<I, String>,
     CondFn: FnOnce(&mut G, &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>, I) -> Result<IntValue<'ctx>, String>,
-    BodyFn: FnOnce(
-        &mut G,
-        &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
-        BreakContinueHooks<'ctx>,
-        I,
-    ) -> Result<(), String>,
+    BodyFn:
+        FnOnce(&mut G, &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>, BreakContinueHooks, I) -> Result<(), String>,
     UpdateFn: FnOnce(&mut G, &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>, I) -> Result<(), String>,
 {
-    let label = label.unwrap_or("for");
-
     let current_bb = ctx.builder.get_insert_block().unwrap();
-    let init_bb = ctx.ctx.insert_basic_block_after(current_bb, &format!("{label}.init"));
+    let init_bb = ctx.ctx.insert_basic_block_after(current_bb, "for.init");
     // The BB containing the loop condition check
-    let cond_bb = ctx.ctx.insert_basic_block_after(init_bb, &format!("{label}.cond"));
-    let body_bb = ctx.ctx.insert_basic_block_after(cond_bb, &format!("{label}.body"));
+    let cond_bb = ctx.ctx.insert_basic_block_after(init_bb, "for.cond");
+    let body_bb = ctx.ctx.insert_basic_block_after(cond_bb, "for.body");
     // The BB containing the increment expression
-    let update_bb = ctx.ctx.insert_basic_block_after(body_bb, &format!("{label}.update"));
-    let cont_bb = ctx.ctx.insert_basic_block_after(update_bb, &format!("{label}.end"));
+    let update_bb = ctx.ctx.insert_basic_block_after(body_bb, "for.update");
+    let cont_bb = ctx.ctx.insert_basic_block_after(update_bb, "for.end");
 
     // store loop bb information and restore it later
     let loop_bb = ctx.loop_target.replace((update_bb, cont_bb));
@@ -724,7 +572,6 @@ where
 pub fn gen_for_callback_incrementing<'ctx, 'a, G, BodyFn>(
     generator: &mut G,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
-    label: Option<&str>,
     init_val: IntValue<'ctx>,
     max_val: (IntValue<'ctx>, bool),
     body: BodyFn,
@@ -735,7 +582,7 @@ where
     BodyFn: FnOnce(
         &mut G,
         &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
-        BreakContinueHooks<'ctx>,
+        BreakContinueHooks,
         IntValue<'ctx>,
     ) -> Result<(), String>,
 {
@@ -744,7 +591,6 @@ where
     gen_for_callback(
         generator,
         ctx,
-        label,
         |generator, ctx| {
             let i_addr = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, init_val_t.into(), None)?;
             ctx.builder.build_store(i_addr, init_val).unwrap();
@@ -796,11 +642,9 @@ where
 /// - `step_fn`: A lambda of IR statements that retrieves the `step` value of the  `range`-like
 /// iterable. This value will be extended to the size of `start`.
 /// - `body_fn`: A lambda of IR statements within the loop body.
-#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
 pub fn gen_for_range_callback<'ctx, 'a, G, StartFn, StopFn, StepFn, BodyFn>(
     generator: &mut G,
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
-    label: Option<&str>,
     is_unsigned: bool,
     start_fn: StartFn,
     (stop_fn, stop_inclusive): (StopFn, bool),
@@ -812,19 +656,13 @@ where
     StartFn: Fn(&mut G, &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>) -> Result<IntValue<'ctx>, String>,
     StopFn: Fn(&mut G, &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>) -> Result<IntValue<'ctx>, String>,
     StepFn: Fn(&mut G, &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>) -> Result<IntValue<'ctx>, String>,
-    BodyFn: FnOnce(
-        &mut G,
-        &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
-        BreakContinueHooks<'ctx>,
-        IntValue<'ctx>,
-    ) -> Result<(), String>,
+    BodyFn: FnOnce(&mut G, &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>, IntValue<'ctx>) -> Result<(), String>,
 {
     let init_val_t = start_fn(generator, ctx).map(IntValue::get_type).unwrap();
 
     gen_for_callback(
         generator,
         ctx,
-        label,
         |generator, ctx| {
             let i_addr = generator.gen_var_alloc(ctx, init_val_t.into(), None)?;
 
@@ -882,10 +720,10 @@ where
 
             Ok(cond)
         },
-        |generator, ctx, hooks, (i_addr, _)| {
+        |generator, ctx, _, (i_addr, _)| {
             let i = ctx.builder.build_load(i_addr, "").map(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value).unwrap();
 
-            body_fn(generator, ctx, hooks, i)
+            body_fn(generator, ctx, i)
         },
         |generator, ctx, (i_addr, _)| {
             let i = ctx.builder.build_load(i_addr, "").map(BasicValueEnum::into_int_value).unwrap();
@@ -913,7 +751,7 @@ pub fn gen_while<G: CodeGenerator>(
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'_, '_>,
     stmt: &Stmt<Option<Type>>,
 ) -> Result<(), String> {
-    let StmtKind::While { test, body, orelse, .. } = &stmt.node else { codegen_unreachable!(ctx) };
+    let StmtKind::While { test, body, orelse, .. } = &stmt.node else { unreachable!() };
 
     // var_assignment static values may be changed in another branch
     // if so, remove the static value as it may not be correct in this branch
@@ -943,7 +781,7 @@ pub fn gen_while<G: CodeGenerator>(
 
         return Ok(());
     };
-    let BasicValueEnum::IntValue(test) = test else { codegen_unreachable!(ctx) };
+    let BasicValueEnum::IntValue(test) = test else { unreachable!() };
 
     ctx.builder
         .build_conditional_branch(generator.bool_to_i1(ctx, test), body_bb, orelse_bb)
@@ -1091,7 +929,7 @@ pub fn gen_if<G: CodeGenerator>(
     ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'_, '_>,
     stmt: &Stmt<Option<Type>>,
 ) -> Result<(), String> {
-    let StmtKind::If { test, body, orelse, .. } = &stmt.node else { codegen_unreachable!(ctx) };
+    let StmtKind::If { test, body, orelse, .. } = &stmt.node else { unreachable!() };
 
     // var_assignment static values may be changed in another branch
     // if so, remove the static value as it may not be correct in this branch
@@ -1214,11 +1052,11 @@ pub fn exn_constructor<'ctx>(
     let zelf_id = if let TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. } = &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(zelf_ty) {
         obj_id.0
     } else {
-        codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+        unreachable!()
     };
     let defs = ctx.top_level.definitions.read();
     let def = defs[zelf_id].read();
-    let TopLevelDef::Class { name: zelf_name, .. } = &*def else { codegen_unreachable!(ctx) };
+    let TopLevelDef::Class { name: zelf_name, .. } = &*def else { unreachable!() };
     let exception_name = format!("{}:{}", ctx.resolver.get_exception_id(zelf_id), zelf_name);
     unsafe {
         let id_ptr = ctx.builder.build_in_bounds_gep(zelf, &[zero, zero], "exn.id").unwrap();
@@ -1326,7 +1164,7 @@ pub fn gen_try<'ctx, 'a, G: CodeGenerator>(
     target: &Stmt<Option<Type>>,
 ) -> Result<(), String> {
     let StmtKind::Try { body, handlers, orelse, finalbody, .. } = &target.node else {
-        codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+        unreachable!()
     };
 
     // if we need to generate anything related to exception, we must have personality defined
@@ -1403,7 +1241,7 @@ pub fn gen_try<'ctx, 'a, G: CodeGenerator>(
             if let TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. } = &*ctx.unifier.get_ty(type_.custom.unwrap()) {
                 *obj_id
             } else {
-                codegen_unreachable!(ctx)
+                unreachable!()
             };
         let exception_name = format!("{}:{}", ctx.resolver.get_exception_id(obj_id.0), exn_name);
         let exn_id = ctx.resolver.get_string_id(&exception_name);
@@ -1675,23 +1513,6 @@ pub fn gen_return<G: CodeGenerator>(
     } else {
         None
     };
-
-    // Remap boolean return type into i1
-    let value = value.map(|ret_val| {
-        // The "return type" of a sret function is in the first parameter
-        let expected_ty = if ctx.need_sret {
-            func.get_type().get_param_types()[0]
-        } else {
-            func.get_type().get_return_type().unwrap()
-        };
-
-        if matches!(expected_ty, BasicTypeEnum::IntType(ty) if ty.get_bit_width() == 1) {
-            generator.bool_to_i1(ctx, ret_val.into_int_value()).into()
-        } else {
-            ret_val
-        }
-    });
-
     if let Some(return_target) = ctx.return_target {
         if let Some(value) = value {
             ctx.builder.build_store(ctx.return_buffer.unwrap(), value).unwrap();
@@ -1702,6 +1523,25 @@ pub fn gen_return<G: CodeGenerator>(
         ctx.builder.build_store(ctx.return_buffer.unwrap(), value.unwrap()).unwrap();
         ctx.builder.build_return(None).unwrap();
     } else {
+        // Remap boolean return type into i1
+        let value = value.map(|v| {
+            let expected_ty = func.get_type().get_return_type().unwrap();
+            let ret_val = v.as_basic_value_enum();
+
+            if expected_ty.is_int_type() && ret_val.is_int_value() {
+                let ret_type = expected_ty.into_int_type();
+                let ret_val = ret_val.into_int_value();
+
+                if ret_type.get_bit_width() == 1 && ret_val.get_type().get_bit_width() != 1 {
+                    generator.bool_to_i1(ctx, ret_val)
+                } else {
+                    ret_val
+                }
+                .into()
+            } else {
+                ret_val
+            }
+        });
         let value = value.as_ref().map(|v| v as &dyn BasicValue);
         ctx.builder.build_return(value).unwrap();
     }
@@ -1735,14 +1575,14 @@ pub fn gen_stmt<G: CodeGenerator>(
         }
         StmtKind::AnnAssign { target, value, .. } => {
             if let Some(value) = value {
-                let Some(value_enum) = generator.gen_expr(ctx, value)? else { return Ok(()) };
-                generator.gen_assign(ctx, target, value_enum, value.custom.unwrap())?;
+                let Some(value) = generator.gen_expr(ctx, value)? else { return Ok(()) };
+                generator.gen_assign(ctx, target, value)?;
             }
         }
         StmtKind::Assign { targets, value, .. } => {
-            let Some(value_enum) = generator.gen_expr(ctx, value)? else { return Ok(()) };
+            let Some(value) = generator.gen_expr(ctx, value)? else { return Ok(()) };
             for target in targets {
-                generator.gen_assign(ctx, target, value_enum.clone(), value.custom.unwrap())?;
+                generator.gen_assign(ctx, target, value.clone())?;
             }
         }
         StmtKind::Continue { .. } => {
@@ -1756,44 +1596,20 @@ pub fn gen_stmt<G: CodeGenerator>(
         StmtKind::For { .. } => generator.gen_for(ctx, stmt)?,
         StmtKind::With { .. } => generator.gen_with(ctx, stmt)?,
         StmtKind::AugAssign { target, op, value, .. } => {
-            let value_enum = gen_binop_expr(
+            let value = gen_binop_expr(
                 generator,
                 ctx,
                 target,
                 Binop::aug_assign(*op),
                 value,
                 stmt.location,
-            )?
-            .unwrap();
-            generator.gen_assign(ctx, target, value_enum, value.custom.unwrap())?;
+            )?;
+            generator.gen_assign(ctx, target, value.unwrap())?;
         }
         StmtKind::Try { .. } => gen_try(generator, ctx, stmt)?,
         StmtKind::Raise { exc, .. } => {
             if let Some(exc) = exc {
-                let exn = if let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &exc.node {
-                    // Handle "raise Exception" short form
-                    let def_id = ctx.resolver.get_identifier_def(*id).map_err(|e| {
-                        format!("{} (at {})", e.iter().next().unwrap(), exc.location)
-                    })?;
-                    let def = ctx.top_level.definitions.read();
-                    let TopLevelDef::Class { constructor, .. } = *def[def_id.0].read() else {
-                        return Err(format!("Failed to resolve symbol {id} (at {})", exc.location));
-                    };
-
-                    let TypeEnum::TFunc(signature) =
-                        ctx.unifier.get_ty(constructor.unwrap()).as_ref().clone()
-                    else {
-                        return Err(format!("Failed to resolve symbol {id} (at {})", exc.location));
-                    };
-
-                    generator
-                        .gen_call(ctx, None, (&signature, def_id), Vec::default())?
-                        .map(Into::into)
-                } else {
-                    generator.gen_expr(ctx, exc)?
-                };
-
-                let exc = if let Some(v) = exn {
+                let exc = if let Some(v) = generator.gen_expr(ctx, exc)? {
                     v.to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, exc.custom.unwrap())?
                 } else {
                     return Ok(());
@@ -1817,48 +1633,17 @@ pub fn gen_stmt<G: CodeGenerator>(
                         return Ok(());
                     }
                 }
-                None => ctx.gen_string(generator, "").into(),
+                None => ctx.gen_string(generator, ""),
             };
             ctx.make_assert_impl(
                 generator,
-                generator.bool_to_i1(ctx, test.into_int_value()),
+                test.into_int_value(),
                 "0:AssertionError",
                 err_msg,
                 [None, None, None],
                 stmt.location,
             );
         }
-        StmtKind::Global { names, .. } => {
-            let registered_globals = ctx
-                .top_level
-                .definitions
-                .read()
-                .iter()
-                .filter_map(|def| {
-                    if let TopLevelDef::Variable { simple_name, ty, .. } = &*def.read() {
-                        Some((*simple_name, *ty))
-                    } else {
-                        None
-                    }
-                })
-                .collect_vec();
-
-            for id in names {
-                let Some((_, ty)) = registered_globals.iter().find(|(name, _)| name == id) else {
-                    return Err(format!("{id} is not a global at {}", stmt.location));
-                };
-
-                let resolver = ctx.resolver.clone();
-                let ptr = resolver
-                    .get_symbol_value(*id, ctx, generator)
-                    .map(|val| val.to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, *ty))
-                    .transpose()?
-                    .map(BasicValueEnum::into_pointer_value)
-                    .unwrap();
-
-                ctx.var_assignment.insert(*id, (ptr, None, 0));
-            }
-        }
         _ => unimplemented!(),
     };
     Ok(())

nac3core/src/codegen/test.rs

@@ -1,37 +1,35 @@
-use std::{
-    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
-    sync::Arc,
-};
-
-use indexmap::IndexMap;
-use indoc::indoc;
-use inkwell::{
-    targets::{InitializationConfig, Target},
-    OptimizationLevel,
-};
-use nac3parser::{
-    ast::{fold::Fold, FileName, StrRef},
-    parser::parse_program,
-};
-use parking_lot::RwLock;
-
-use super::{
+use crate::{
+    codegen::{
         classes::{ListType, NDArrayType, ProxyType, RangeType},
         concrete_type::ConcreteTypeStore,
-    CodeGenContext, CodeGenLLVMOptions, CodeGenTargetMachineOptions, CodeGenTask, CodeGenerator,
-    DefaultCodeGenerator, WithCall, WorkerRegistry,
-};
-use crate::{
+        tracert::TraceRuntimeConfig,
+        CodeGenContext, CodeGenLLVMOptions, CodeGenTargetMachineOptions, CodeGenTask,
+        CodeGenerator, DefaultCodeGenerator, WithCall, WorkerRegistry,
+    },
     symbol_resolver::{SymbolResolver, ValueEnum},
     toplevel::{
         composer::{ComposerConfig, TopLevelComposer},
         DefinitionId, FunInstance, TopLevelContext, TopLevelDef,
     },
     typecheck::{
-        type_inferencer::{FunctionData, IdentifierInfo, Inferencer, PrimitiveStore},
+        type_inferencer::{FunctionData, Inferencer, PrimitiveStore},
         typedef::{FunSignature, FuncArg, Type, TypeEnum, Unifier, VarMap},
     },
 };
+use indexmap::IndexMap;
+use indoc::indoc;
+use inkwell::{
+    targets::{InitializationConfig, Target},
+    OptimizationLevel,
+};
+use nac3parser::ast::FileName;
+use nac3parser::{
+    ast::{fold::Fold, StrRef},
+    parser::parse_program,
+};
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
+use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
+use std::sync::Arc;
 
 struct Resolver {
     id_to_type: HashMap<StrRef, Type>,
@@ -67,7 +65,6 @@ impl SymbolResolver for Resolver {
         &self,
         _: StrRef,
         _: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-        _: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
     ) -> Option<ValueEnum<'ctx>> {
         unimplemented!()
     }
@@ -98,7 +95,7 @@ fn test_primitives() {
         "};
     let statements = parse_program(source, FileName::default()).unwrap();
 
-    let composer = TopLevelComposer::new(Vec::new(), Vec::new(), ComposerConfig::default(), 32).0;
+    let composer = TopLevelComposer::new(Vec::new(), ComposerConfig::default(), 32).0;
     let mut unifier = composer.unifier.clone();
     let primitives = composer.primitives_ty;
     let top_level = Arc::new(composer.make_top_level_context());
@@ -113,18 +110,8 @@ fn test_primitives() {
     let threads = vec![DefaultCodeGenerator::new("test".into(), 32).into()];
     let signature = FunSignature {
         args: vec![
-            FuncArg {
-                name: "a".into(),
-                ty: primitives.int32,
-                default_value: None,
-                is_vararg: false,
-            },
-            FuncArg {
-                name: "b".into(),
-                ty: primitives.int32,
-                default_value: None,
-                is_vararg: false,
-            },
+            FuncArg { name: "a".into(), ty: primitives.int32, default_value: None },
+            FuncArg { name: "b".into(), ty: primitives.int32, default_value: None },
         ],
         ret: primitives.int32,
         vars: VarMap::new(),
@@ -142,8 +129,7 @@ fn test_primitives() {
     };
     let mut virtual_checks = Vec::new();
     let mut calls = HashMap::new();
-    let mut identifiers: HashMap<_, _> =
-        ["a".into(), "b".into()].map(|id| (id, IdentifierInfo::default())).into();
+    let mut identifiers: HashSet<_> = ["a".into(), "b".into()].into();
     let mut inferencer = Inferencer {
         top_level: &top_level,
         function_data: &mut function_data,
@@ -204,8 +190,6 @@ fn test_primitives() {
         let expected = indoc! {"
             ; ModuleID = 'test'
             source_filename = \"test\"
-            target datalayout = \"e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128\"
-            target triple = \"x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu\"
 
             ; Function Attrs: mustprogress nofree norecurse nosync nounwind readnone willreturn
             define i32 @testing(i32 %0, i32 %1) local_unnamed_addr #0 !dbg !4 {
@@ -245,7 +229,13 @@ fn test_primitives() {
         opt_level: OptimizationLevel::Default,
         target: CodeGenTargetMachineOptions::from_host_triple(),
     };
-    let (registry, handles) = WorkerRegistry::create_workers(threads, top_level, &llvm_options, &f);
+    let (registry, handles) = WorkerRegistry::create_workers(
+        threads,
+        top_level,
+        &llvm_options,
+        &TraceRuntimeConfig::default(),
+        &f,
+    );
     registry.add_task(task);
     registry.wait_tasks_complete(handles);
 }
@@ -263,19 +253,14 @@ fn test_simple_call() {
         "};
     let statements_2 = parse_program(source_2, FileName::default()).unwrap();
 
-    let composer = TopLevelComposer::new(Vec::new(), Vec::new(), ComposerConfig::default(), 32).0;
+    let composer = TopLevelComposer::new(Vec::new(), ComposerConfig::default(), 32).0;
     let mut unifier = composer.unifier.clone();
     let primitives = composer.primitives_ty;
     let top_level = Arc::new(composer.make_top_level_context());
     unifier.top_level = Some(top_level.clone());
 
     let signature = FunSignature {
-        args: vec![FuncArg {
-            name: "a".into(),
-            ty: primitives.int32,
-            default_value: None,
-            is_vararg: false,
-        }],
+        args: vec![FuncArg { name: "a".into(), ty: primitives.int32, default_value: None }],
         ret: primitives.int32,
         vars: VarMap::new(),
     };
@@ -322,8 +307,7 @@ fn test_simple_call() {
     };
     let mut virtual_checks = Vec::new();
     let mut calls = HashMap::new();
-    let mut identifiers: HashMap<_, _> =
-        ["a".into(), "foo".into()].map(|id| (id, IdentifierInfo::default())).into();
+    let mut identifiers: HashSet<_> = ["a".into(), "foo".into()].into();
     let mut inferencer = Inferencer {
         top_level: &top_level,
         function_data: &mut function_data,
@@ -391,8 +375,6 @@ fn test_simple_call() {
         let expected = indoc! {"
             ; ModuleID = 'test'
             source_filename = \"test\"
-            target datalayout = \"e-m:e-p270:32:32-p271:32:32-p272:64:64-i64:64-f80:128-n8:16:32:64-S128\"
-            target triple = \"x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu\"
 
             ; Function Attrs: mustprogress nofree norecurse nosync nounwind readnone willreturn
             define i32 @testing(i32 %0) local_unnamed_addr #0 !dbg !5 {
@@ -438,7 +420,13 @@ fn test_simple_call() {
         opt_level: OptimizationLevel::Default,
         target: CodeGenTargetMachineOptions::from_host_triple(),
     };
-    let (registry, handles) = WorkerRegistry::create_workers(threads, top_level, &llvm_options, &f);
+    let (registry, handles) = WorkerRegistry::create_workers(
+        threads,
+        top_level,
+        &llvm_options,
+        &TraceRuntimeConfig::default(),
+        &f,
+    );
     registry.add_task(task);
     registry.wait_tasks_complete(handles);
 }

nac3core/src/codegen/tracert/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+use std::panic::Location;
+
+use inkwell::context::Context;
+use inkwell::memory_buffer::MemoryBuffer;
+use inkwell::module::Module;
+use inkwell::values::BasicValueEnum;
+use inkwell::AtomicOrdering;
+
+use crate::codegen::{extern_fns, CodeGenContext};
+
+#[derive(Clone, Default, Eq, PartialEq)]
+pub struct TraceRuntimeConfig {
+    pub enabled_tags: Vec<String>,
+}
+
+#[derive(Eq, Clone, PartialEq)]
+pub struct TraceRuntimeState {
+    config: TraceRuntimeConfig,
+    indent: usize,
+}
+
+impl TraceRuntimeState {
+    #[must_use]
+    pub fn create(config: TraceRuntimeConfig) -> TraceRuntimeState {
+        TraceRuntimeState { config, indent: 0 }
+    }
+}
+
+#[must_use]
+pub fn load_tracert<'ctx>(ctx: &'ctx Context, config: &TraceRuntimeConfig) -> Option<Module<'ctx>> {
+    if cfg!(feature = "tracing") && !config.enabled_tags.is_empty() {
+        let bitcode_buf = MemoryBuffer::create_from_memory_range(
+            include_bytes!(concat!(env!("OUT_DIR"), "/tracert.bc")),
+            "tracert_bitcode_buffer",
+        );
+        let module = Module::parse_bitcode_from_buffer(&bitcode_buf, ctx).unwrap();
+
+        return Some(module);
+    }
+
+    None
+}
+
+// TODO: Might need to redesign how trace logging should be done
+
+pub fn trace_log<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    tag: &'static str,
+    format: &'static str,
+    args: &[BasicValueEnum<'ctx>],
+) {
+    if ctx.tracert_state.is_none() {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Add indentation
+    let str = format!("[TRACING] {tag} - {format}\n\0");
+    extern_fns::call_printf(ctx, &str, args);
+}
+
+#[track_caller]
+pub fn trace_log_with_location<'ctx>(
+    ctx: &CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
+    tag: &'static str,
+    format: &str,
+    args: &[BasicValueEnum<'ctx>],
+) {
+    if ctx.tracert_state.is_none() {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    // TODO: Add indentation
+    let caller_loc = Location::caller();
+    let str = format!(
+        "[TRACING] {}:{}:{}: {tag} - {format}\n\0",
+        caller_loc.file(),
+        caller_loc.line(),
+        caller_loc.column()
+    );
+    extern_fns::call_printf(ctx, &str, args);
+}
+
+pub fn trace_push_level(ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'_, '_>) {
+    let Some(tracert_state) = &mut ctx.tracert_state else {
+        return;
+    };
+
+    debug_assert!(tracert_state.indent < usize::MAX);
+    if tracert_state.indent < usize::MAX {
+        tracert_state.indent = tracert_state.indent.saturating_add(1);
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn trace_pop_level(ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'_, '_>) {
+    let Some(tracert_state) = &mut ctx.tracert_state else {
+        return;
+    };
+
+    debug_assert!(tracert_state.indent > 0);
+    if tracert_state.indent > 0 {
+        tracert_state.indent = tracert_state.indent.saturating_sub(1);
+    }
+}
+
+#[inline]
+pub fn mfence(ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'_, '_>) {
+    if ctx.tracert_state.is_some() {
+        ctx.builder.build_fence(AtomicOrdering::SequentiallyConsistent, 0, "").unwrap();
+    }
+}

nac3core/src/codegen/tracert/tracert.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+extern "C" {
+// stdio.h
+int printf(const char *format, ...);
+}  // extern "C"

nac3core/src/lib.rs

@@ -19,10 +19,6 @@
     clippy::wildcard_imports
 )]
 
-// users of nac3core need to use the same version of these dependencies, so expose them as nac3core::*
-pub use inkwell;
-pub use nac3parser;
-
 pub mod codegen;
 pub mod symbol_resolver;
 pub mod toplevel;

nac3core/src/symbol_resolver.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,7 @@
-use std::{
-    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
-    fmt::{Debug, Display},
-    rc::Rc,
-    sync::Arc,
-};
-
-use inkwell::values::{BasicValueEnum, FloatValue, IntValue, PointerValue, StructValue};
-use itertools::{chain, izip, Itertools};
-use parking_lot::RwLock;
-
-use nac3parser::ast::{Constant, Expr, Location, StrRef};
+use std::fmt::Debug;
+use std::rc::Rc;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::{collections::HashMap, collections::HashSet, fmt::Display};
 
 use crate::{
     codegen::{CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator},
@@ -19,6 +11,10 @@ use crate::{
         typedef::{Type, TypeEnum, Unifier, VarMap},
     },
 };
+use inkwell::values::{BasicValueEnum, FloatValue, IntValue, PointerValue, StructValue};
+use itertools::{chain, izip, Itertools};
+use nac3parser::ast::{Constant, Expr, Location, StrRef};
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
 
 #[derive(Clone, PartialEq, Debug)]
 pub enum SymbolValue {
@@ -82,14 +78,14 @@ impl SymbolValue {
             }
             Constant::Tuple(t) => {
                 let expected_ty = unifier.get_ty(expected_ty);
-                let TypeEnum::TTuple { ty, is_vararg_ctx } = expected_ty.as_ref() else {
+                let TypeEnum::TTuple { ty } = expected_ty.as_ref() else {
                     return Err(format!(
                         "Expected {:?}, but got Tuple",
                         expected_ty.get_type_name()
                     ));
                 };
 
-                assert!(*is_vararg_ctx || ty.len() == t.len());
+                assert_eq!(ty.len(), t.len());
 
                 let elems = t
                     .iter()
@@ -159,7 +155,7 @@ impl SymbolValue {
             SymbolValue::Bool(_) => primitives.bool,
             SymbolValue::Tuple(vs) => {
                 let vs_tys = vs.iter().map(|v| v.get_type(primitives, unifier)).collect::<Vec<_>>();
-                unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: vs_tys, is_vararg_ctx: false })
+                unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: vs_tys })
             }
             SymbolValue::OptionSome(_) | SymbolValue::OptionNone => primitives.option,
         }
@@ -369,7 +365,6 @@ pub trait SymbolResolver {
         &self,
         str: StrRef,
         ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-        generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
     ) -> Option<ValueEnum<'ctx>>;
 
     fn get_default_param_value(&self, expr: &Expr) -> Option<SymbolValue>;
@@ -487,7 +482,7 @@ pub fn parse_type_annotation<T>(
                         parse_type_annotation(resolver, top_level_defs, unifier, primitives, elt)
                     })
                     .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
-                Ok(unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty, is_vararg_ctx: false }))
+                Ok(unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty }))
             } else {
                 Err(HashSet::from(["Expected multiple elements for tuple".into()]))
             }

nac3core/src/toplevel/builtins.rs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 use std::iter::once;
 
+use helper::{debug_assert_prim_is_allowed, make_exception_fields, PrimDefDetails};
 use indexmap::IndexMap;
 use inkwell::{
     attributes::{Attribute, AttributeLoc},
@@ -10,22 +11,22 @@ use inkwell::{
 use itertools::Either;
 use strum::IntoEnumIterator;
 
-use super::{
-    helper::{debug_assert_prim_is_allowed, make_exception_fields, PrimDef, PrimDefDetails},
-    numpy::make_ndarray_ty,
-    *,
-};
 use crate::{
     codegen::{
         builtin_fns,
-        classes::{ProxyValue, RangeValue},
+        classes::{ArrayLikeValue, NDArrayValue, ProxyValue, RangeValue, TypedArrayLikeAccessor},
+        expr::destructure_range,
+        irrt::*,
         numpy::*,
         stmt::exn_constructor,
     },
     symbol_resolver::SymbolValue,
+    toplevel::{helper::PrimDef, numpy::make_ndarray_ty},
     typecheck::typedef::{into_var_map, iter_type_vars, TypeVar, VarMap},
 };
 
+use super::*;
+
 type BuiltinInfo = Vec<(Arc<RwLock<TopLevelDef>>, Option<Stmt>)>;
 
 pub fn get_exn_constructor(
@@ -44,26 +45,10 @@ pub fn get_exn_constructor(
             name: "msg".into(),
             ty: string,
             default_value: Some(SymbolValue::Str(String::new())),
-            is_vararg: false,
-        },
-        FuncArg {
-            name: "param0".into(),
-            ty: int64,
-            default_value: Some(SymbolValue::I64(0)),
-            is_vararg: false,
-        },
-        FuncArg {
-            name: "param1".into(),
-            ty: int64,
-            default_value: Some(SymbolValue::I64(0)),
-            is_vararg: false,
-        },
-        FuncArg {
-            name: "param2".into(),
-            ty: int64,
-            default_value: Some(SymbolValue::I64(0)),
-            is_vararg: false,
         },
+        FuncArg { name: "param0".into(), ty: int64, default_value: Some(SymbolValue::I64(0)) },
+        FuncArg { name: "param1".into(), ty: int64, default_value: Some(SymbolValue::I64(0)) },
+        FuncArg { name: "param2".into(), ty: int64, default_value: Some(SymbolValue::I64(0)) },
     ];
     let exn_type = unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TObj {
         obj_id: DefinitionId(class_id),
@@ -129,12 +114,7 @@ fn create_fn_by_codegen(
         signature: unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature {
             args: param_ty
                 .iter()
-                .map(|p| FuncArg {
-                    name: p.1.into(),
-                    ty: p.0,
-                    default_value: None,
-                    is_vararg: false,
-                })
+                .map(|p| FuncArg { name: p.1.into(), ty: p.0, default_value: None })
                 .collect(),
             ret: ret_ty,
             vars: var_map.clone(),
@@ -366,8 +346,8 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
         let (is_some_ty, unwrap_ty, option_tvar) =
             if let TypeEnum::TObj { fields, params, .. } = unifier.get_ty(option).as_ref() {
                 (
-                    *fields.get(&PrimDef::FunOptionIsSome.simple_name().into()).unwrap(),
-                    *fields.get(&PrimDef::FunOptionUnwrap.simple_name().into()).unwrap(),
+                    *fields.get(&PrimDef::OptionIsSome.simple_name().into()).unwrap(),
+                    *fields.get(&PrimDef::OptionUnwrap.simple_name().into()).unwrap(),
                     iter_type_vars(params).next().unwrap(),
                 )
             } else {
@@ -382,9 +362,9 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
         let ndarray_dtype_tvar = iter_type_vars(ndarray_params).next().unwrap();
         let ndarray_ndims_tvar = iter_type_vars(ndarray_params).nth(1).unwrap();
         let ndarray_copy_ty =
-            *ndarray_fields.get(&PrimDef::FunNDArrayCopy.simple_name().into()).unwrap();
+            *ndarray_fields.get(&PrimDef::NDArrayCopy.simple_name().into()).unwrap();
         let ndarray_fill_ty =
-            *ndarray_fields.get(&PrimDef::FunNDArrayFill.simple_name().into()).unwrap();
+            *ndarray_fields.get(&PrimDef::NDArrayFill.simple_name().into()).unwrap();
 
         let num_ty = unifier.get_fresh_var_with_range(
             &[int32, int64, float, boolean, uint32, uint64],
@@ -484,14 +464,14 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             PrimDef::Exception => self.build_exception_class_related(prim),
 
             PrimDef::Option
-            | PrimDef::FunOptionIsSome
-            | PrimDef::FunOptionIsNone
-            | PrimDef::FunOptionUnwrap
+            | PrimDef::OptionIsSome
+            | PrimDef::OptionIsNone
+            | PrimDef::OptionUnwrap
             | PrimDef::FunSome => self.build_option_class_related(prim),
 
             PrimDef::List => self.build_list_class_related(prim),
 
-            PrimDef::NDArray | PrimDef::FunNDArrayCopy | PrimDef::FunNDArrayFill => {
+            PrimDef::NDArray | PrimDef::NDArrayCopy | PrimDef::NDArrayFill => {
                 self.build_ndarray_class_related(prim)
             }
 
@@ -530,9 +510,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
 
             PrimDef::FunMin | PrimDef::FunMax => self.build_min_max_function(prim),
 
-            PrimDef::FunNpArgmin | PrimDef::FunNpArgmax | PrimDef::FunNpMin | PrimDef::FunNpMax => {
-                self.build_np_max_min_function(prim)
-            }
+            PrimDef::FunNpMin | PrimDef::FunNpMax => self.build_np_min_max_function(prim),
 
             PrimDef::FunNpMinimum | PrimDef::FunNpMaximum => {
                 self.build_np_minimum_maximum_function(prim)
@@ -576,22 +554,6 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             | PrimDef::FunNpLdExp
             | PrimDef::FunNpHypot
             | PrimDef::FunNpNextAfter => self.build_np_2ary_function(prim),
-
-            PrimDef::FunNpTranspose | PrimDef::FunNpReshape => {
-                self.build_np_sp_ndarray_function(prim)
-            }
-
-            PrimDef::FunNpDot
-            | PrimDef::FunNpLinalgCholesky
-            | PrimDef::FunNpLinalgQr
-            | PrimDef::FunNpLinalgSvd
-            | PrimDef::FunNpLinalgInv
-            | PrimDef::FunNpLinalgPinv
-            | PrimDef::FunNpLinalgMatrixPower
-            | PrimDef::FunNpLinalgDet
-            | PrimDef::FunSpLinalgLu
-            | PrimDef::FunSpLinalgSchur
-            | PrimDef::FunSpLinalgHessenberg => self.build_linalg_methods(prim),
         };
 
         if cfg!(debug_assertions) {
@@ -600,7 +562,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             match (&tld, prim.details()) {
                 (
                     TopLevelDef::Class { name, object_id, .. },
-                    PrimDefDetails::PrimClass { name: exp_name, .. },
+                    PrimDefDetails::PrimClass { name: exp_name },
                 ) => {
                     let exp_object_id = prim.id();
                     assert_eq!(name, &exp_name.into());
@@ -649,24 +611,17 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
         let make_ctor_signature = |unifier: &mut Unifier| {
             unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature {
                 args: vec![
-                    FuncArg {
-                        name: "start".into(),
-                        ty: int32,
-                        default_value: None,
-                        is_vararg: false,
-                    },
+                    FuncArg { name: "start".into(), ty: int32, default_value: None },
                     FuncArg {
                         name: "stop".into(),
                         ty: int32,
                         // placeholder
                         default_value: Some(SymbolValue::I32(0)),
-                        is_vararg: false,
                     },
                     FuncArg {
                         name: "step".into(),
                         ty: int32,
                         default_value: Some(SymbolValue::I32(1)),
-                        is_vararg: false,
                     },
                 ],
                 ret: range,
@@ -837,9 +792,9 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             prim,
             &[
                 PrimDef::Option,
-                PrimDef::FunOptionIsSome,
-                PrimDef::FunOptionIsNone,
-                PrimDef::FunOptionUnwrap,
+                PrimDef::OptionIsSome,
+                PrimDef::OptionIsNone,
+                PrimDef::OptionUnwrap,
                 PrimDef::FunSome,
             ],
         );
@@ -852,9 +807,9 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                 fields: Vec::default(),
                 attributes: Vec::default(),
                 methods: vec![
-                    Self::create_method(PrimDef::FunOptionIsSome, self.is_some_ty.0),
-                    Self::create_method(PrimDef::FunOptionIsNone, self.is_some_ty.0),
-                    Self::create_method(PrimDef::FunOptionUnwrap, self.unwrap_ty.0),
+                    Self::create_method(PrimDef::OptionIsSome, self.is_some_ty.0),
+                    Self::create_method(PrimDef::OptionIsNone, self.is_some_ty.0),
+                    Self::create_method(PrimDef::OptionUnwrap, self.unwrap_ty.0),
                 ],
                 ancestors: vec![TypeAnnotation::CustomClass {
                     id: prim.id(),
@@ -865,7 +820,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                 loc: None,
             },
 
-            PrimDef::FunOptionUnwrap => TopLevelDef::Function {
+            PrimDef::OptionUnwrap => TopLevelDef::Function {
                 name: prim.name().into(),
                 simple_name: prim.simple_name().into(),
                 signature: self.unwrap_ty.0,
@@ -879,7 +834,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                 loc: None,
             },
 
-            PrimDef::FunOptionIsNone | PrimDef::FunOptionIsSome => TopLevelDef::Function {
+            PrimDef::OptionIsNone | PrimDef::OptionIsSome => TopLevelDef::Function {
                 name: prim.name().to_string(),
                 simple_name: prim.simple_name().into(),
                 signature: self.is_some_ty.0,
@@ -900,10 +855,10 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                         };
 
                         let returned_int = match prim {
-                            PrimDef::FunOptionIsNone => {
+                            PrimDef::OptionIsNone => {
                                 ctx.builder.build_is_null(ptr, prim.simple_name())
                             }
-                            PrimDef::FunOptionIsSome => {
+                            PrimDef::OptionIsSome => {
                                 ctx.builder.build_is_not_null(ptr, prim.simple_name())
                             }
                             _ => unreachable!(),
@@ -922,7 +877,6 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                         name: "n".into(),
                         ty: self.option_tvar.ty,
                         default_value: None,
-                        is_vararg: false,
                     }],
                     ret: self.primitives.option,
                     vars: into_var_map([self.option_tvar]),
@@ -977,7 +931,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
     fn build_ndarray_class_related(&self, prim: PrimDef) -> TopLevelDef {
         debug_assert_prim_is_allowed(
             prim,
-            &[PrimDef::NDArray, PrimDef::FunNDArrayCopy, PrimDef::FunNDArrayFill],
+            &[PrimDef::NDArray, PrimDef::NDArrayCopy, PrimDef::NDArrayFill],
         );
 
         match prim {
@@ -988,8 +942,8 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                 fields: Vec::default(),
                 attributes: Vec::default(),
                 methods: vec![
-                    Self::create_method(PrimDef::FunNDArrayCopy, self.ndarray_copy_ty.0),
-                    Self::create_method(PrimDef::FunNDArrayFill, self.ndarray_fill_ty.0),
+                    Self::create_method(PrimDef::NDArrayCopy, self.ndarray_copy_ty.0),
+                    Self::create_method(PrimDef::NDArrayFill, self.ndarray_fill_ty.0),
                 ],
                 ancestors: Vec::default(),
                 constructor: None,
@@ -997,7 +951,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                 loc: None,
             },
 
-            PrimDef::FunNDArrayCopy => TopLevelDef::Function {
+            PrimDef::NDArrayCopy => TopLevelDef::Function {
                 name: prim.name().into(),
                 simple_name: prim.simple_name().into(),
                 signature: self.ndarray_copy_ty.0,
@@ -1014,7 +968,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                 loc: None,
             },
 
-            PrimDef::FunNDArrayFill => TopLevelDef::Function {
+            PrimDef::NDArrayFill => TopLevelDef::Function {
                 name: prim.name().into(),
                 simple_name: prim.simple_name().into(),
                 signature: self.ndarray_fill_ty.0,
@@ -1057,7 +1011,6 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                     name: "n".into(),
                     ty: self.num_or_ndarray_ty.ty,
                     default_value: None,
-                    is_vararg: false,
                 }],
                 ret: self.num_or_ndarray_ty.ty,
                 vars: self.num_or_ndarray_var_map.clone(),
@@ -1277,23 +1230,16 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                     simple_name: prim.simple_name().into(),
                     signature: self.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature {
                         args: vec![
-                            FuncArg {
-                                name: "object".into(),
-                                ty: tv.ty,
-                                default_value: None,
-                                is_vararg: false,
-                            },
+                            FuncArg { name: "object".into(), ty: tv.ty, default_value: None },
                             FuncArg {
                                 name: "copy".into(),
                                 ty: bool,
                                 default_value: Some(SymbolValue::Bool(true)),
-                                is_vararg: false,
                             },
                             FuncArg {
                                 name: "ndmin".into(),
                                 ty: int32,
                                 default_value: Some(SymbolValue::U32(0)),
-                                is_vararg: false,
                             },
                         ],
                         ret: ndarray,
@@ -1335,24 +1281,17 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                     simple_name: prim.simple_name().into(),
                     signature: self.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature {
                         args: vec![
-                            FuncArg {
-                                name: "N".into(),
-                                ty: int32,
-                                default_value: None,
-                                is_vararg: false,
-                            },
+                            FuncArg { name: "N".into(), ty: int32, default_value: None },
                             // TODO(Derppening): Default values current do not work?
                             FuncArg {
                                 name: "M".into(),
                                 ty: int32,
                                 default_value: Some(SymbolValue::OptionNone),
-                                is_vararg: false,
                             },
                             FuncArg {
                                 name: "k".into(),
                                 ty: int32,
                                 default_value: Some(SymbolValue::I32(0)),
-                                is_vararg: false,
                             },
                         ],
                         ret: self.ndarray_float_2d,
@@ -1396,12 +1335,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             name: prim.name().into(),
             simple_name: prim.simple_name().into(),
             signature: self.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature {
-                args: vec![FuncArg {
-                    name: "s".into(),
-                    ty: str,
-                    default_value: None,
-                    is_vararg: false,
-                }],
+                args: vec![FuncArg { name: "s".into(), ty: str, default_value: None }],
                 ret: str,
                 vars: VarMap::default(),
             })),
@@ -1465,21 +1399,31 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
     fn build_len_function(&mut self) -> TopLevelDef {
         let prim = PrimDef::FunLen;
 
-        // Type handled in [`Inferencer::try_fold_special_call`]
-        let arg_tvar = self.unifier.get_dummy_var();
+        let PrimitiveStore { uint64, int32, .. } = *self.primitives;
 
+        let tvar = self.unifier.get_fresh_var(Some("L".into()), None);
+        let list = self
+            .unifier
+            .subst(
+                self.primitives.list,
+                &into_var_map([TypeVar { id: self.list_tvar.id, ty: tvar.ty }]),
+            )
+            .unwrap();
+        let ndims = self.unifier.get_fresh_const_generic_var(uint64, Some("N".into()), None);
+        let ndarray = make_ndarray_ty(self.unifier, self.primitives, Some(tvar.ty), Some(ndims.ty));
+
+        let arg_ty = self.unifier.get_fresh_var_with_range(
+            &[list, ndarray, self.primitives.range],
+            Some("I".into()),
+            None,
+        );
         TopLevelDef::Function {
             name: prim.name().into(),
             simple_name: prim.simple_name().into(),
             signature: self.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature {
-                args: vec![FuncArg {
-                    name: "obj".into(),
-                    ty: arg_tvar.ty,
-                    default_value: None,
-                    is_vararg: false,
-                }],
-                ret: self.primitives.int32,
-                vars: into_var_map([arg_tvar]),
+                args: vec![FuncArg { name: "ls".into(), ty: arg_ty.ty, default_value: None }],
+                ret: int32,
+                vars: into_var_map([tvar, arg_ty]),
             })),
             var_id: Vec::default(),
             instance_to_symbol: HashMap::default(),
@@ -1487,10 +1431,86 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             resolver: None,
             codegen_callback: Some(Arc::new(GenCall::new(Box::new(
                 move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
+                    let range_ty = ctx.primitives.range;
                     let arg_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
                     let arg = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, arg_ty)?;
+                    Ok(if ctx.unifier.unioned(arg_ty, range_ty) {
+                        let arg = RangeValue::from_ptr_val(arg.into_pointer_value(), Some("range"));
+                        let (start, end, step) = destructure_range(ctx, arg);
+                        Some(calculate_len_for_slice_range(generator, ctx, start, end, step).into())
+                    } else {
+                        match &*ctx.unifier.get_ty_immutable(arg_ty) {
+                            TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. } if *obj_id == PrimDef::List.id() => {
+                                let int32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
+                                let zero = int32.const_zero();
+                                let len = ctx
+                                    .build_gep_and_load(
+                                        arg.into_pointer_value(),
+                                        &[zero, int32.const_int(1, false)],
+                                        None,
+                                    )
+                                    .into_int_value();
+                                if len.get_type().get_bit_width() == 32 {
+                                    Some(len.into())
+                                } else {
+                                    Some(
+                                        ctx.builder
+                                            .build_int_truncate(len, int32, "len2i32")
+                                            .map(Into::into)
+                                            .unwrap(),
+                                    )
+                                }
+                            }
+                            TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id, .. } if *obj_id == PrimDef::NDArray.id() => {
+                                let llvm_i32 = ctx.ctx.i32_type();
+                                let llvm_usize = generator.get_size_type(ctx.ctx);
 
-                    builtin_fns::call_len(generator, ctx, (arg_ty, arg)).map(|ret| Some(ret.into()))
+                                let arg = NDArrayValue::from_ptr_val(
+                                    arg.into_pointer_value(),
+                                    llvm_usize,
+                                    None,
+                                );
+
+                                let ndims = arg.dim_sizes().size(ctx, generator);
+                                ctx.make_assert(
+                                    generator,
+                                    ctx.builder
+                                        .build_int_compare(
+                                            IntPredicate::NE,
+                                            ndims,
+                                            llvm_usize.const_zero(),
+                                            "",
+                                        )
+                                        .unwrap(),
+                                    "0:TypeError",
+                                    &format!("{name}() of unsized object", name = prim.name()),
+                                    [None, None, None],
+                                    ctx.current_loc,
+                                );
+
+                                let len = unsafe {
+                                    arg.dim_sizes().get_typed_unchecked(
+                                        ctx,
+                                        generator,
+                                        &llvm_usize.const_zero(),
+                                        None,
+                                    )
+                                };
+
+                                if len.get_type().get_bit_width() == 32 {
+                                    Some(len.into())
+                                } else {
+                                    Some(
+                                        ctx.builder
+                                            .build_int_truncate(len, llvm_i32, "len")
+                                            .map(Into::into)
+                                            .unwrap(),
+                                    )
+                                }
+                            }
+                            _ => unreachable!(),
+                        }
+                    })
                 },
             )))),
             loc: None,
@@ -1506,18 +1526,8 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             simple_name: prim.simple_name().into(),
             signature: self.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature {
                 args: vec![
-                    FuncArg {
-                        name: "m".into(),
-                        ty: self.num_ty.ty,
-                        default_value: None,
-                        is_vararg: false,
-                    },
-                    FuncArg {
-                        name: "n".into(),
-                        ty: self.num_ty.ty,
-                        default_value: None,
-                        is_vararg: false,
-                    },
+                    FuncArg { name: "m".into(), ty: self.num_ty.ty, default_value: None },
+                    FuncArg { name: "n".into(), ty: self.num_ty.ty, default_value: None },
                 ],
                 ret: self.num_ty.ty,
                 vars: self.num_var_map.clone(),
@@ -1545,19 +1555,10 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Build the functions `np_max()`, `np_min()`, `np_argmax()` and `np_argmin()`
-    /// Calls `call_numpy_max_min` with the function name
-    fn build_np_max_min_function(&mut self, prim: PrimDef) -> TopLevelDef {
-        debug_assert_prim_is_allowed(
-            prim,
-            &[PrimDef::FunNpArgmin, PrimDef::FunNpArgmax, PrimDef::FunNpMin, PrimDef::FunNpMax],
-        );
+    /// Build the functions `np_min()` and `np_max()`.
+    fn build_np_min_max_function(&mut self, prim: PrimDef) -> TopLevelDef {
+        debug_assert_prim_is_allowed(prim, &[PrimDef::FunNpMin, PrimDef::FunNpMax]);
 
-        let (var_map, ret_ty) = match prim {
-            PrimDef::FunNpArgmax | PrimDef::FunNpArgmin => {
-                (self.num_or_ndarray_var_map.clone(), self.primitives.int64)
-            }
-            PrimDef::FunNpMax | PrimDef::FunNpMin => {
         let ret_ty = self.unifier.get_fresh_var(Some("R".into()), None);
         let var_map = self
             .num_or_ndarray_var_map
@@ -1565,25 +1566,28 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             .into_iter()
             .chain(once((ret_ty.id, ret_ty.ty)))
             .collect::<IndexMap<_, _>>();
-                (var_map, ret_ty.ty)
-            }
-            _ => unreachable!(),
-        };
 
         create_fn_by_codegen(
             self.unifier,
             &var_map,
             prim.name(),
-            ret_ty,
-            &[(self.num_or_ndarray_ty.ty, "a")],
+            ret_ty.ty,
+            &[(self.float_or_ndarray_ty.ty, "a")],
             Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
                 let a_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
                 let a = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, a_ty)?;
 
-                Ok(Some(builtin_fns::call_numpy_max_min(generator, ctx, (a_ty, a), prim.name())?))
+                let func = match prim {
+                    PrimDef::FunNpMin => builtin_fns::call_numpy_min,
+                    PrimDef::FunNpMax => builtin_fns::call_numpy_max,
+                    _ => unreachable!(),
+                };
+
+                Ok(Some(func(generator, ctx, (a_ty, a))?))
             }),
         )
     }
+
     /// Build the functions `np_minimum()` and `np_maximum()`.
     fn build_np_minimum_maximum_function(&mut self, prim: PrimDef) -> TopLevelDef {
         debug_assert_prim_is_allowed(prim, &[PrimDef::FunNpMinimum, PrimDef::FunNpMaximum]);
@@ -1599,12 +1603,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             signature: self.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature {
                 args: param_ty
                     .iter()
-                    .map(|p| FuncArg {
-                        name: p.1.into(),
-                        ty: p.0,
-                        default_value: None,
-                        is_vararg: false,
-                    })
+                    .map(|p| FuncArg { name: p.1.into(), ty: p.0, default_value: None })
                     .collect(),
                 ret: ret_ty.ty,
                 vars: into_var_map([x1_ty, x2_ty, ret_ty]),
@@ -1645,7 +1644,6 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
                     name: "n".into(),
                     ty: self.num_or_ndarray_ty.ty,
                     default_value: None,
-                    is_vararg: false,
                 }],
                 ret: self.num_or_ndarray_ty.ty,
                 vars: self.num_or_ndarray_var_map.clone(),
@@ -1834,12 +1832,7 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
             signature: self.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature {
                 args: param_ty
                     .iter()
-                    .map(|p| FuncArg {
-                        name: p.1.into(),
-                        ty: p.0,
-                        default_value: None,
-                        is_vararg: false,
-                    })
+                    .map(|p| FuncArg { name: p.1.into(), ty: p.0, default_value: None })
                     .collect(),
                 ret: ret_ty.ty,
                 vars: into_var_map([x1_ty, x2_ty, ret_ty]),
@@ -1873,207 +1866,6 @@ impl<'a> BuiltinBuilder<'a> {
         }
     }
 
-    /// Build np/sp functions that take as input `NDArray` only
-    fn build_np_sp_ndarray_function(&mut self, prim: PrimDef) -> TopLevelDef {
-        debug_assert_prim_is_allowed(prim, &[PrimDef::FunNpTranspose, PrimDef::FunNpReshape]);
-
-        match prim {
-            PrimDef::FunNpTranspose => {
-                let ndarray_ty = self.unifier.get_fresh_var_with_range(
-                    &[self.ndarray_num_ty],
-                    Some("T".into()),
-                    None,
-                );
-                create_fn_by_codegen(
-                    self.unifier,
-                    &into_var_map([ndarray_ty]),
-                    prim.name(),
-                    ndarray_ty.ty,
-                    &[(ndarray_ty.ty, "x")],
-                    Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
-                        let arg_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
-                        let arg_val =
-                            args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, arg_ty)?;
-                        Ok(Some(ndarray_transpose(generator, ctx, (arg_ty, arg_val))?))
-                    }),
-                )
-            }
-
-            // NOTE: on `ndarray_factory_fn_shape_arg_tvar` and
-            // the `param_ty` for `create_fn_by_codegen`.
-            //
-            // Similar to `build_ndarray_from_shape_factory_function` we delegate the responsibility of typechecking
-            // to [`typecheck::type_inferencer::Inferencer::fold_numpy_function_call_shape_argument`],
-            // and use a dummy [`TypeVar`] `ndarray_factory_fn_shape_arg_tvar` as a placeholder for `param_ty`.
-            PrimDef::FunNpReshape => create_fn_by_codegen(
-                self.unifier,
-                &VarMap::new(),
-                prim.name(),
-                self.ndarray_num_ty,
-                &[(self.ndarray_num_ty, "x"), (self.ndarray_factory_fn_shape_arg_tvar.ty, "shape")],
-                Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
-                    let x1_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
-                    let x1_val = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x1_ty)?;
-                    let x2_ty = fun.0.args[1].ty;
-                    let x2_val = args[1].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x2_ty)?;
-                    Ok(Some(ndarray_reshape(generator, ctx, (x1_ty, x1_val), (x2_ty, x2_val))?))
-                }),
-            ),
-
-            _ => unreachable!(),
-        }
-    }
-
-    /// Build `np_linalg` and `sp_linalg` functions
-    ///
-    /// The input to these functions must be floating point `NDArray`
-    fn build_linalg_methods(&mut self, prim: PrimDef) -> TopLevelDef {
-        debug_assert_prim_is_allowed(
-            prim,
-            &[
-                PrimDef::FunNpDot,
-                PrimDef::FunNpLinalgCholesky,
-                PrimDef::FunNpLinalgQr,
-                PrimDef::FunNpLinalgSvd,
-                PrimDef::FunNpLinalgInv,
-                PrimDef::FunNpLinalgPinv,
-                PrimDef::FunNpLinalgMatrixPower,
-                PrimDef::FunNpLinalgDet,
-                PrimDef::FunSpLinalgLu,
-                PrimDef::FunSpLinalgSchur,
-                PrimDef::FunSpLinalgHessenberg,
-            ],
-        );
-
-        match prim {
-            PrimDef::FunNpDot => create_fn_by_codegen(
-                self.unifier,
-                &self.num_or_ndarray_var_map,
-                prim.name(),
-                self.num_ty.ty,
-                &[(self.num_or_ndarray_ty.ty, "x1"), (self.num_or_ndarray_ty.ty, "x2")],
-                Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
-                    let x1_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
-                    let x1_val = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x1_ty)?;
-                    let x2_ty = fun.0.args[1].ty;
-                    let x2_val = args[1].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x2_ty)?;
-
-                    Ok(Some(ndarray_dot(generator, ctx, (x1_ty, x1_val), (x2_ty, x2_val))?))
-                }),
-            ),
-
-            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgCholesky | PrimDef::FunNpLinalgInv | PrimDef::FunNpLinalgPinv => {
-                create_fn_by_codegen(
-                    self.unifier,
-                    &VarMap::new(),
-                    prim.name(),
-                    self.ndarray_float_2d,
-                    &[(self.ndarray_float_2d, "x1")],
-                    Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
-                        let x1_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
-                        let x1_val =
-                            args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x1_ty)?;
-
-                        let func = match prim {
-                            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgCholesky => builtin_fns::call_np_linalg_cholesky,
-                            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgInv => builtin_fns::call_np_linalg_inv,
-                            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgPinv => builtin_fns::call_np_linalg_pinv,
-                            _ => unreachable!(),
-                        };
-                        Ok(Some(func(generator, ctx, (x1_ty, x1_val))?))
-                    }),
-                )
-            }
-
-            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgQr
-            | PrimDef::FunSpLinalgLu
-            | PrimDef::FunSpLinalgSchur
-            | PrimDef::FunSpLinalgHessenberg => {
-                let ret_ty = self.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple {
-                    ty: vec![self.ndarray_float_2d, self.ndarray_float_2d],
-                    is_vararg_ctx: false,
-                });
-                create_fn_by_codegen(
-                    self.unifier,
-                    &VarMap::new(),
-                    prim.name(),
-                    ret_ty,
-                    &[(self.ndarray_float_2d, "x1")],
-                    Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
-                        let x1_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
-                        let x1_val =
-                            args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x1_ty)?;
-
-                        let func = match prim {
-                            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgQr => builtin_fns::call_np_linalg_qr,
-                            PrimDef::FunSpLinalgLu => builtin_fns::call_sp_linalg_lu,
-                            PrimDef::FunSpLinalgSchur => builtin_fns::call_sp_linalg_schur,
-                            PrimDef::FunSpLinalgHessenberg => {
-                                builtin_fns::call_sp_linalg_hessenberg
-                            }
-                            _ => unreachable!(),
-                        };
-                        Ok(Some(func(generator, ctx, (x1_ty, x1_val))?))
-                    }),
-                )
-            }
-
-            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgSvd => {
-                let ret_ty = self.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple {
-                    ty: vec![self.ndarray_float_2d, self.ndarray_float, self.ndarray_float_2d],
-                    is_vararg_ctx: false,
-                });
-                create_fn_by_codegen(
-                    self.unifier,
-                    &VarMap::new(),
-                    prim.name(),
-                    ret_ty,
-                    &[(self.ndarray_float_2d, "x1")],
-                    Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
-                        let x1_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
-                        let x1_val =
-                            args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x1_ty)?;
-
-                        Ok(Some(builtin_fns::call_np_linalg_svd(generator, ctx, (x1_ty, x1_val))?))
-                    }),
-                )
-            }
-            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgMatrixPower => create_fn_by_codegen(
-                self.unifier,
-                &VarMap::new(),
-                prim.name(),
-                self.ndarray_float_2d,
-                &[(self.ndarray_float_2d, "x1"), (self.primitives.int32, "power")],
-                Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
-                    let x1_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
-                    let x1_val = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x1_ty)?;
-                    let x2_ty = fun.0.args[1].ty;
-                    let x2_val = args[1].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x2_ty)?;
-
-                    Ok(Some(builtin_fns::call_np_linalg_matrix_power(
-                        generator,
-                        ctx,
-                        (x1_ty, x1_val),
-                        (x2_ty, x2_val),
-                    )?))
-                }),
-            ),
-            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgDet => create_fn_by_codegen(
-                self.unifier,
-                &VarMap::new(),
-                prim.name(),
-                self.primitives.float,
-                &[(self.ndarray_float_2d, "x1")],
-                Box::new(move |ctx, _, fun, args, generator| {
-                    let x1_ty = fun.0.args[0].ty;
-                    let x1_val = args[0].1.clone().to_basic_value_enum(ctx, generator, x1_ty)?;
-                    Ok(Some(builtin_fns::call_np_linalg_det(generator, ctx, (x1_ty, x1_val))?))
-                }),
-            ),
-            _ => unreachable!(),
-        }
-    }
-
     fn create_method(prim: PrimDef, method_ty: Type) -> (StrRef, Type, DefinitionId) {
         (prim.simple_name().into(), method_ty, prim.id())
     }

nac3core/src/toplevel/composer.rs

@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
+use nac3parser::ast::fold::Fold;
 use std::rc::Rc;
 
-use nac3parser::ast::{fold::Fold, ExprKind, Ident};
-
-use super::*;
 use crate::{
     codegen::{expr::get_subst_key, stmt::exn_constructor},
     symbol_resolver::SymbolValue,
     typecheck::{
-        type_inferencer::{FunctionData, IdentifierInfo, Inferencer},
+        type_inferencer::{FunctionData, Inferencer},
         typedef::{TypeVar, VarMap},
     },
 };
 
+use super::*;
+
 pub struct ComposerConfig {
     pub kernel_ann: Option<&'static str>,
     pub kernel_invariant_ann: &'static str,
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ impl Default for ComposerConfig {
     }
 }
 
-pub type DefAst = (Arc<RwLock<TopLevelDef>>, Option<Stmt<()>>);
+type DefAst = (Arc<RwLock<TopLevelDef>>, Option<Stmt<()>>);
 pub struct TopLevelComposer {
     // list of top level definitions, same as top level context
     pub definition_ast_list: Vec<DefAst>,
@@ -44,27 +44,12 @@ pub struct TopLevelComposer {
     pub size_t: u32,
 }
 
-/// The specification for a builtin function, consisting of the function name, the function
-/// signature, and a [code generation callback][`GenCall`].
-pub type BuiltinFuncSpec = (StrRef, FunSignature, Arc<GenCall>);
-
-/// A function that creates a [`BuiltinFuncSpec`] using the provided [`PrimitiveStore`] and
-/// [`Unifier`].
-pub type BuiltinFuncCreator = dyn Fn(&PrimitiveStore, &mut Unifier) -> BuiltinFuncSpec;
-
 impl TopLevelComposer {
     /// return a composer and things to make a "primitive" symbol resolver, so that the symbol
-    /// resolver can later figure out primitive tye definitions when passed a primitive type name
-    ///
-    /// `lateinit_builtins` are specifically for the ARTIQ module. Since the [`Unifier`] instance
-    /// used to create builtin functions do not persist until method compilation, any types
-    /// created (e.g. [`TypeEnum::TVar`]) also do not persist. Those functions should be instead put
-    /// in `lateinit_builtins`, where they will be instantiated with the [`Unifier`] instance used
-    /// for method compilation.
+    /// resolver can later figure out primitive type definitions when passed a primitive type name
     #[must_use]
     pub fn new(
-        builtins: Vec<BuiltinFuncSpec>,
-        lateinit_builtins: Vec<Box<BuiltinFuncCreator>>,
+        builtins: Vec<(StrRef, FunSignature, Arc<GenCall>)>,
         core_config: ComposerConfig,
         size_t: u32,
     ) -> (Self, HashMap<StrRef, DefinitionId>, HashMap<StrRef, Type>) {
@@ -101,8 +86,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
             .iter()
             .map(|def_ast| match *def_ast.0.read() {
                 TopLevelDef::Class { name, .. } => name.to_string(),
-                TopLevelDef::Function { simple_name, .. }
-                | TopLevelDef::Variable { simple_name, .. } => simple_name.to_string(),
+                TopLevelDef::Function { simple_name, .. } => simple_name.to_string(),
             })
             .collect_vec();
 
@@ -135,13 +119,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
             }
         }
 
-        // Materialize lateinit_builtins, now that the unifier is ready
-        let lateinit_builtins = lateinit_builtins
-            .into_iter()
-            .map(|builtin| builtin(&primitives_ty, &mut unifier))
-            .collect_vec();
-
-        for (name, sig, codegen_callback) in builtins.into_iter().chain(lateinit_builtins) {
+        for (name, sig, codegen_callback) in builtins {
             let fun_sig = unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TFunc(sig));
             builtin_ty.insert(name, fun_sig);
             builtin_id.insert(name, DefinitionId(definition_ast_list.len()));
@@ -382,87 +360,13 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                 ))
             }
 
-            ast::StmtKind::Assign { .. } => {
-                // Assignment statements can assign to (and therefore create) more than one 
-                // variable, but this function only allows returning one set of symbol information.
-                // We want to avoid changing this to return a `Vec` of symbol info, as this would 
-                // require `iter().next().unwrap()` on every variable created from a non-Assign 
-                // statement.
-                //
-                // Make callers use `register_top_level_var` instead, as it provides more
-                // fine-grained control over which symbols to register, while also simplifying the
-                // usage of this function.
-                panic!("Registration of top-level Assign statements must use TopLevelComposer::register_top_level_var (at {})", ast.location);
-            }
-
-            ast::StmtKind::AnnAssign { target, annotation, .. } => {
-                let ExprKind::Name { id: name, .. } = target.node else {
-                    return Err(format!(
-                        "global variable declaration must be an identifier (at {})",
-                        target.location
-                    ));
-                };
-
-                self.register_top_level_var(
-                    name,
-                    Some(annotation.as_ref().clone()),
-                    resolver,
-                    mod_path,
-                    target.location,
-                )
-            }
-
             _ => Err(format!(
-                "registrations of constructs other than top level classes/functions/variables are not supported (at {})",
+                "registrations of constructs other than top level classes/functions are not supported (at {})",
                 ast.location
             )),
         }
     }
 
-    /// Registers a top-level variable with the given `name` into the composer.
-    ///
-    /// `annotation` - The type annotation of the top-level variable, or [`None`] if no type
-    /// annotation is provided.
-    /// `location` - The location of the top-level variable.
-    pub fn register_top_level_var(
-        &mut self,
-        name: Ident,
-        annotation: Option<Expr>,
-        resolver: Option<Arc<dyn SymbolResolver + Send + Sync>>,
-        mod_path: &str,
-        location: Location,
-    ) -> Result<(StrRef, DefinitionId, Option<Type>), String> {
-        if self.keyword_list.contains(&name) {
-            return Err(format!("cannot use keyword `{name}` as a class name (at {location})"));
-        }
-
-        let global_var_name =
-            if mod_path.is_empty() { name.to_string() } else { format!("{mod_path}.{name}") };
-
-        if !self.defined_names.insert(global_var_name.clone()) {
-            return Err(format!(
-                "global variable `{global_var_name}` defined twice (at {location})"
-            ));
-        }
-
-        let ty_to_be_unified = self.unifier.get_dummy_var().ty;
-        self.definition_ast_list.push((
-            RwLock::new(Self::make_top_level_variable_def(
-                global_var_name,
-                name,
-                // dummy here, unify with correct type later,
-                ty_to_be_unified,
-                annotation,
-                resolver,
-                Some(location),
-            ))
-            .into(),
-            None,
-        ));
-
-        Ok((name, DefinitionId(self.definition_ast_list.len() - 1), Some(ty_to_be_unified)))
-    }
-
     pub fn start_analysis(&mut self, inference: bool) -> Result<(), HashSet<String>> {
         self.analyze_top_level_class_type_var()?;
         self.analyze_top_level_class_bases()?;
@@ -471,7 +375,6 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
         if inference {
             self.analyze_function_instance()?;
         }
-        self.analyze_top_level_variables()?;
         Ok(())
     }
 
@@ -509,7 +412,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                     // things like `class A(Generic[T, V, ImportedModule.T])` is not supported
                     // i.e. only simple names are allowed in the subscript
                     // should update the TopLevelDef::Class.typevars and the TypeEnum::TObj.params
-                    ExprKind::Subscript { value, slice, .. }
+                    ast::ExprKind::Subscript { value, slice, .. }
                         if {
                             matches!(
                                 &value.node,
@@ -525,9 +428,9 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                         }
                         is_generic = true;
 
-                        let type_var_list: Vec<&Expr<()>>;
+                        let type_var_list: Vec<&ast::Expr<()>>;
                         // if `class A(Generic[T, V, G])`
-                        if let ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } = &slice.node {
+                        if let ast::ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } = &slice.node {
                             type_var_list = elts.iter().collect_vec();
                         // `class A(Generic[T])`
                         } else {
@@ -576,7 +479,6 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
             }
             Ok(())
         };
-
         let mut errors = HashSet::new();
         for (class_def, class_ast) in def_list.iter().skip(self.builtin_num) {
             if class_ast.is_none() {
@@ -864,7 +766,6 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
             let target_ty = get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
                 &temp_def_list,
                 unifier,
-                primitives,
                 &def,
                 &mut subst_list,
             )?;
@@ -930,6 +831,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
         let unifier = self.unifier.borrow_mut();
         let primitives_store = &self.primitives_ty;
 
+        let mut errors = HashSet::new();
         let mut analyze = |function_def: &Arc<RwLock<TopLevelDef>>, function_ast: &Option<Stmt>| {
             let mut function_def = function_def.write();
             let function_def = &mut *function_def;
@@ -957,73 +859,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
             let resolver = &**resolver;
 
             let mut function_var_map = VarMap::new();
-
-            let vararg = args
-                .vararg
-                .as_ref()
-                .map(|vararg| -> Result<_, HashSet<String>> {
-                    let vararg = vararg.as_ref();
-
-                    let annotation = vararg
-                        .node
-                        .annotation
-                        .as_ref()
-                        .ok_or_else(|| {
-                            HashSet::from([format!(
-                                "function parameter `{}` needs type annotation at {}",
-                                vararg.node.arg, vararg.location
-                            )])
-                        })?
-                        .as_ref();
-
-                    let type_annotation = parse_ast_to_type_annotation_kinds(
-                        resolver,
-                        temp_def_list.as_slice(),
-                        unifier,
-                        primitives_store,
-                        annotation,
-                        // NOTE: since only class need this, for function
-                        // it should be fine to be empty map
-                        HashMap::new(),
-                    )?;
-
-                    let type_vars_within =
-                        get_type_var_contained_in_type_annotation(&type_annotation)
-                            .into_iter()
-                            .map(|x| -> Result<TypeVar, HashSet<String>> {
-                                let TypeAnnotation::TypeVar(ty) = x else {
-                                    unreachable!("must be type var annotation kind")
-                                };
-
-                                let id = Self::get_var_id(ty, unifier)?;
-                                Ok(TypeVar { id, ty })
-                            })
-                            .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
-                    for var in type_vars_within {
-                        if let Some(prev_ty) = function_var_map.insert(var.id, var.ty) {
-                            // if already have the type inserted, make sure they are the same thing
-                            assert_eq!(prev_ty, var.ty);
-                        }
-                    }
-
-                    let ty = get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
-                        temp_def_list.as_ref(),
-                        unifier,
-                        primitives_store,
-                        &type_annotation,
-                        &mut None,
-                    )?;
-
-                    Ok(FuncArg {
-                        name: vararg.node.arg,
-                        ty,
-                        default_value: Some(SymbolValue::Tuple(Vec::default())),
-                        is_vararg: true,
-                    })
-                })
-                .transpose()?;
-
-            let mut arg_types = {
+            let arg_types = {
                 // make sure no duplicate parameter
                 let mut defined_parameter_name: HashSet<_> = HashSet::new();
                 for x in &args.args {
@@ -1038,15 +874,15 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                     }
                 }
 
-                let arg_with_default: Vec<(&ast::Located<ast::ArgData<()>>, Option<&Expr>)> = args
-                    .args
+                let arg_with_default: Vec<(&ast::Located<ast::ArgData<()>>, Option<&ast::Expr>)> =
+                    args.args
                         .iter()
                         .rev()
                         .zip(
                             args.defaults
                                 .iter()
                                 .rev()
-                            .map(|x| -> Option<&Expr> { Some(x) })
+                                .map(|x| -> Option<&ast::Expr> { Some(x) })
                                 .chain(std::iter::repeat(None)),
                         )
                         .collect_vec();
@@ -1100,7 +936,6 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                         let ty = get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
                             temp_def_list.as_ref(),
                             unifier,
-                            primitives_store,
                             &type_annotation,
                             &mut None,
                         )?;
@@ -1124,18 +959,11 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                                     v
                                 }),
                             },
-                            is_vararg: false,
                         })
                     })
                     .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?
             };
 
-            if let Some(vararg) = vararg {
-                arg_types.push(vararg);
-            };
-
-            let arg_types = arg_types;
-
             let return_ty = {
                 if let Some(returns) = returns {
                     let return_ty_annotation = {
@@ -1174,7 +1002,6 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                     get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
                         &temp_def_list,
                         unifier,
-                        primitives_store,
                         &return_ty_annotation,
                         &mut None,
                     )?
@@ -1204,8 +1031,6 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
             })?;
             Ok(())
         };
-
-        let mut errors = HashSet::new();
         for (function_def, function_ast) in def_list.iter().skip(self.builtin_num) {
             if function_ast.is_none() {
                 continue;
@@ -1307,7 +1132,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
 
                         let arg_with_default: Vec<(
                             &ast::Located<ast::ArgData<()>>,
-                            Option<&Expr>,
+                            Option<&ast::Expr>,
                         )> = args
                             .args
                             .iter()
@@ -1316,7 +1141,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                                 args.defaults
                                     .iter()
                                     .rev()
-                                    .map(|x| -> Option<&Expr> { Some(x) })
+                                    .map(|x| -> Option<&ast::Expr> { Some(x) })
                                     .chain(std::iter::repeat(None)),
                             )
                             .collect_vec();
@@ -1389,7 +1214,6 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                                             })
                                         }
                                     },
-                                    is_vararg: false,
                                 };
                                 // push the dummy type and the type annotation
                                 // into the list for later unification
@@ -1473,7 +1297,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                         .map_err(|e| HashSet::from([e.to_display(unifier).to_string()]))?;
                 }
                 ast::StmtKind::AnnAssign { target, annotation, value, .. } => {
-                    if let ExprKind::Name { id: attr, .. } = &target.node {
+                    if let ast::ExprKind::Name { id: attr, .. } = &target.node {
                         if defined_fields.insert(attr.to_string()) {
                             let dummy_field_type = unifier.get_dummy_var().ty;
 
@@ -1481,7 +1305,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                                 None => {
                                     // handle Kernel[T], KernelInvariant[T]
                                     let (annotation, mutable) = match &annotation.node {
-                                        ExprKind::Subscript { value, slice, .. }
+                                        ast::ExprKind::Subscript { value, slice, .. }
                                             if matches!(
                                                 &value.node,
                                                 ast::ExprKind::Name { id, .. } if id == &core_config.kernel_invariant_ann.into()
@@ -1489,7 +1313,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                                         {
                                             (slice, false)
                                         }
-                                        ExprKind::Subscript { value, slice, .. }
+                                        ast::ExprKind::Subscript { value, slice, .. }
                                             if matches!(
                                                 &value.node,
                                                 ast::ExprKind::Name { id, .. } if core_config.kernel_ann.map_or(false, |c| id == &c.into())
@@ -1507,13 +1331,13 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                                 Some(boxed_expr) => {
                                     // Class attributes are set as immutable regardless
                                     let (annotation, _) = match &annotation.node {
-                                        ExprKind::Subscript { slice, .. } => (slice, false),
+                                        ast::ExprKind::Subscript { slice, .. } => (slice, false),
                                         _ if core_config.kernel_ann.is_none() => (annotation, false),
                                         _ => continue,
                                     };
 
                                     match &**boxed_expr {
-                                        ast::Located {location: _, custom: (), node: ExprKind::Constant { value: v, kind: _ }} => {
+                                        ast::Located {location: _, custom: (), node: ast::ExprKind::Constant { value: v, kind: _ }} => {
                                             // Restricting the types allowed to be defined as class attributes
                                             match v {
                                                 ast::Constant::Bool(_) | ast::Constant::Str(_) | ast::Constant::Int(_) | ast::Constant::Float(_) => {}
@@ -1780,6 +1604,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
             }
         }
 
+        let mut errors = HashSet::new();
         let mut analyze = |i, def: &Arc<RwLock<TopLevelDef>>, ast: &Option<Stmt>| {
             let class_def = def.read();
             if let TopLevelDef::Class {
@@ -1797,7 +1622,6 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                 let self_type = get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
                     &def_list,
                     unifier,
-                    primitives_ty,
                     &make_self_type_annotation(type_vars, *object_id),
                     &mut None,
                 )?;
@@ -1814,25 +1638,21 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                                 name: "msg".into(),
                                 ty: string,
                                 default_value: Some(SymbolValue::Str(String::new())),
-                                is_vararg: false,
                             },
                             FuncArg {
                                 name: "param0".into(),
                                 ty: int64,
                                 default_value: Some(SymbolValue::I64(0)),
-                                is_vararg: false,
                             },
                             FuncArg {
                                 name: "param1".into(),
                                 ty: int64,
                                 default_value: Some(SymbolValue::I64(0)),
-                                is_vararg: false,
                             },
                             FuncArg {
                                 name: "param2".into(),
                                 ty: int64,
                                 default_value: Some(SymbolValue::I64(0)),
-                                is_vararg: false,
                             },
                         ],
                         ret: self_type,
@@ -1899,12 +1719,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                         if *name != init_str_id {
                             unreachable!("must be init function here")
                         }
-
-                        let all_inited = Self::get_all_assigned_field(
-                            object_id.0,
-                            definition_ast_list,
-                            body.as_slice(),
-                        )?;
+                        let all_inited = Self::get_all_assigned_field(body.as_slice())?;
                         for (f, _, _) in fields {
                             if !all_inited.contains(f) {
                                 return Err(HashSet::from([
@@ -1922,8 +1737,6 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
             }
             Ok(())
         };
-
-        let mut errors = HashSet::new();
         for (i, (def, ast)) in definition_ast_list.iter().enumerate().skip(self.builtin_num) {
             if ast.is_none() {
                 continue;
@@ -1961,20 +1774,19 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
             if ast.is_none() {
                 return Ok(());
             }
-
-            let (name, simple_name, signature, resolver) = {
-                let function_def = def.read();
-                let TopLevelDef::Function { name, simple_name, signature, resolver, .. } =
-                    &*function_def
-                else {
-                    return Ok(());
-                };
-
-                (name.clone(), *simple_name, *signature, resolver.clone())
-            };
-
-            let signature_ty_enum = unifier.get_ty(signature);
-            let TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature { args, ret, vars, .. }) = signature_ty_enum.as_ref()
+            let mut function_def = def.write();
+            if let TopLevelDef::Function {
+                instance_to_stmt,
+                instance_to_symbol,
+                name,
+                simple_name,
+                signature,
+                resolver,
+                ..
+            } = &mut *function_def
+            {
+                let signature_ty_enum = unifier.get_ty(*signature);
+                let TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature { args, ret, vars }) = signature_ty_enum.as_ref()
                 else {
                     unreachable!("must be typeenum::tfunc")
                 };
@@ -1991,11 +1803,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
 
                         let ty_ann = make_self_type_annotation(type_vars, *class_id);
                         let self_ty = get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
-                        &def_list,
-                        unifier,
-                        primitives_ty,
-                        &ty_ann,
-                        &mut None,
+                            &def_list, unifier, &ty_ann, &mut None,
                         )?;
                         vars.extend(type_vars.iter().map(|ty| {
                             let TypeEnum::TVar { id, .. } = &*unifier.get_ty(*ty) else {
@@ -2050,7 +1858,6 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                                 name: a.name,
                                 ty: unifier.subst(a.ty, &subst).unwrap_or(a.ty),
                                 default_value: a.default_value.clone(),
-                            is_vararg: false,
                             })
                             .collect_vec()
                     };
@@ -2082,11 +1889,11 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                         })
                     };
                     let mut identifiers = {
-                    let mut result = HashMap::new();
+                        let mut result: HashSet<_> = HashSet::new();
                         if self_type.is_some() {
-                        result.insert("self".into(), IdentifierInfo::default());
+                            result.insert("self".into());
                         }
-                    result.extend(inst_args.iter().map(|x| (x.name, IdentifierInfo::default())));
+                        result.extend(inst_args.iter().map(|x| x.name));
                         result
                     };
                     let mut calls: HashMap<CodeLocation, CallId> = HashMap::new();
@@ -2123,43 +1930,23 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                     else {
                         unreachable!("must be function def ast")
                     };
-
-                if !decorator_list.is_empty() {
-                    if matches!(&decorator_list[0].node, ExprKind::Name { id, .. } if id == &"extern".into())
+                    if !decorator_list.is_empty()
+                        && matches!(&decorator_list[0].node,
+                            ast::ExprKind::Name{ id, .. } if id == &"extern".into())
                     {
-                        let TopLevelDef::Function { instance_to_symbol, .. } = &mut *def.write()
-                        else {
-                            unreachable!()
-                        };
                         instance_to_symbol.insert(String::new(), simple_name.to_string());
                         continue;
                     }
-
-                    if matches!(&decorator_list[0].node, ExprKind::Name { id, .. } if id == &"rpc".into())
+                    if !decorator_list.is_empty()
+                        && matches!(&decorator_list[0].node,
+                            ast::ExprKind::Name{ id, .. } if id == &"rpc".into())
                     {
-                        let TopLevelDef::Function { instance_to_symbol, .. } = &mut *def.write()
-                        else {
-                            unreachable!()
-                        };
                         instance_to_symbol.insert(String::new(), simple_name.to_string());
                         continue;
                     }
 
-                    if let ExprKind::Call { func, .. } = &decorator_list[0].node {
-                        if matches!(&func.node, ExprKind::Name { id, .. } if id == &"rpc".into()) {
-                            let TopLevelDef::Function { instance_to_symbol, .. } =
-                                &mut *def.write()
-                            else {
-                                unreachable!()
-                            };
-                            instance_to_symbol.insert(String::new(), simple_name.to_string());
-                            continue;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-
-                let fun_body =
-                    body.into_iter()
+                    let fun_body = body
+                        .into_iter()
                         .map(|b| inferencer.fold_stmt(b))
                         .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
 
@@ -2229,9 +2016,6 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                         )]));
                     }
 
-                let TopLevelDef::Function { instance_to_stmt, .. } = &mut *def.write() else {
-                    unreachable!()
-                };
                     instance_to_stmt.insert(
                         get_subst_key(
                             unifier,
@@ -2247,10 +2031,10 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                         },
                     );
                 }
+            }
 
             Ok(())
         };
-
         for (id, (def, ast)) in self.definition_ast_list.iter().enumerate().skip(self.builtin_num) {
             if ast.is_none() {
                 continue;
@@ -2264,59 +2048,4 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
         }
         Ok(())
     }
-
-    /// Step 6. Analyze and populate the types of global variables.
-    fn analyze_top_level_variables(&mut self) -> Result<(), HashSet<String>> {
-        let def_list = &self.definition_ast_list;
-        let temp_def_list = self.extract_def_list();
-        let unifier = &mut self.unifier;
-        let primitives_store = &self.primitives_ty;
-
-        let mut analyze = |variable_def: &Arc<RwLock<TopLevelDef>>| -> Result<_, HashSet<String>> {
-            let TopLevelDef::Variable { ty: dummy_ty, ty_decl, resolver, loc, .. } =
-                &*variable_def.read()
-            else {
-                // not top level variable def, skip
-                return Ok(());
-            };
-
-            let resolver = &**resolver.as_ref().unwrap();
-
-            if let Some(ty_decl) = ty_decl {
-                let ty_annotation = parse_ast_to_type_annotation_kinds(
-                    resolver,
-                    &temp_def_list,
-                    unifier,
-                    primitives_store,
-                    ty_decl,
-                    HashMap::new(),
-                )?;
-                let ty_from_ty_annotation = get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
-                    &temp_def_list,
-                    unifier,
-                    primitives_store,
-                    &ty_annotation,
-                    &mut None,
-                )?;
-
-                unifier.unify(*dummy_ty, ty_from_ty_annotation).map_err(|e| {
-                    HashSet::from([e.at(Some(loc.unwrap())).to_display(unifier).to_string()])
-                })?;
-            }
-
-            Ok(())
-        };
-
-        let mut errors = HashSet::new();
-        for (variable_def, _) in def_list.iter().skip(self.builtin_num) {
-            if let Err(e) = analyze(variable_def) {
-                errors.extend(e);
-            }
-        }
-        if !errors.is_empty() {
-            return Err(errors);
-        }
-
-        Ok(())
-    }
 }

nac3core/src/toplevel/helper.rs

@@ -1,15 +1,13 @@
 use std::convert::TryInto;
 
+use crate::symbol_resolver::SymbolValue;
+use crate::toplevel::numpy::unpack_ndarray_var_tys;
+use crate::typecheck::typedef::{into_var_map, iter_type_vars, Mapping, TypeVarId, VarMap};
+use nac3parser::ast::{Constant, Location};
 use strum::IntoEnumIterator;
 use strum_macros::EnumIter;
 
-use nac3parser::ast::{Constant, ExprKind, Location};
-
-use super::{numpy::unpack_ndarray_var_tys, *};
-use crate::{
-    symbol_resolver::SymbolValue,
-    typecheck::typedef::{into_var_map, iter_type_vars, Mapping, TypeVarId, VarMap},
-};
+use super::*;
 
 /// All primitive types and functions in nac3core.
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, EnumIter, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -29,22 +27,17 @@ pub enum PrimDef {
     List,
     NDArray,
 
-    // Option methods
-    FunOptionIsSome,
-    FunOptionIsNone,
-    FunOptionUnwrap,
-
-    // Option-related functions
-    FunSome,
-
-    // NDArray methods
-    FunNDArrayCopy,
-    FunNDArrayFill,
-
-    // Range methods
-    FunRangeInit,
-
-    // NumPy factory functions
+    // Member Functions
+    OptionIsSome,
+    OptionIsNone,
+    OptionUnwrap,
+    NDArrayCopy,
+    NDArrayFill,
+    FunInt32,
+    FunInt64,
+    FunUInt32,
+    FunUInt64,
+    FunFloat,
     FunNpNDArray,
     FunNpEmpty,
     FunNpZeros,
@@ -53,17 +46,26 @@ pub enum PrimDef {
     FunNpArray,
     FunNpEye,
     FunNpIdentity,
-
-    // Miscellaneous NumPy & SciPy functions
+    FunRound,
+    FunRound64,
     FunNpRound,
+    FunRangeInit,
+    FunStr,
+    FunBool,
+    FunFloor,
+    FunFloor64,
     FunNpFloor,
+    FunCeil,
+    FunCeil64,
     FunNpCeil,
+    FunLen,
+    FunMin,
     FunNpMin,
     FunNpMinimum,
-    FunNpArgmin,
+    FunMax,
     FunNpMax,
     FunNpMaximum,
-    FunNpArgmax,
+    FunAbs,
     FunNpIsNan,
     FunNpIsInf,
     FunNpSin,
@@ -101,46 +103,15 @@ pub enum PrimDef {
     FunNpLdExp,
     FunNpHypot,
     FunNpNextAfter,
-    FunNpTranspose,
-    FunNpReshape,
 
-    // Linalg functions
-    FunNpDot,
-    FunNpLinalgCholesky,
-    FunNpLinalgQr,
-    FunNpLinalgSvd,
-    FunNpLinalgInv,
-    FunNpLinalgPinv,
-    FunNpLinalgMatrixPower,
-    FunNpLinalgDet,
-    FunSpLinalgLu,
-    FunSpLinalgSchur,
-    FunSpLinalgHessenberg,
-
-    // Miscellaneous Python & NAC3 functions
-    FunInt32,
-    FunInt64,
-    FunUInt32,
-    FunUInt64,
-    FunFloat,
-    FunRound,
-    FunRound64,
-    FunStr,
-    FunBool,
-    FunFloor,
-    FunFloor64,
-    FunCeil,
-    FunCeil64,
-    FunLen,
-    FunMin,
-    FunMax,
-    FunAbs,
+    // Top-Level Functions
+    FunSome,
 }
 
 /// Associated details of a [`PrimDef`]
 pub enum PrimDefDetails {
     PrimFunction { name: &'static str, simple_name: &'static str },
-    PrimClass { name: &'static str, get_ty_fn: fn(&PrimitiveStore) -> Type },
+    PrimClass { name: &'static str },
 }
 
 impl PrimDef {
@@ -182,17 +153,15 @@ impl PrimDef {
     #[must_use]
     pub fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
         match self.details() {
-            PrimDefDetails::PrimFunction { name, .. } | PrimDefDetails::PrimClass { name, .. } => {
-                name
-            }
+            PrimDefDetails::PrimFunction { name, .. } | PrimDefDetails::PrimClass { name } => name,
         }
     }
 
     /// Get the associated details of this [`PrimDef`]
     #[must_use]
     pub fn details(self) -> PrimDefDetails {
-        fn class(name: &'static str, get_ty_fn: fn(&PrimitiveStore) -> Type) -> PrimDefDetails {
-            PrimDefDetails::PrimClass { name, get_ty_fn }
+        fn class(name: &'static str) -> PrimDefDetails {
+            PrimDefDetails::PrimClass { name }
         }
 
         fn fun(name: &'static str, simple_name: Option<&'static str>) -> PrimDefDetails {
@@ -200,37 +169,29 @@ impl PrimDef {
         }
 
         match self {
-            // Classes
-            PrimDef::Int32 => class("int32", |primitives| primitives.int32),
-            PrimDef::Int64 => class("int64", |primitives| primitives.int64),
-            PrimDef::Float => class("float", |primitives| primitives.float),
-            PrimDef::Bool => class("bool", |primitives| primitives.bool),
-            PrimDef::None => class("none", |primitives| primitives.none),
-            PrimDef::Range => class("range", |primitives| primitives.range),
-            PrimDef::Str => class("str", |primitives| primitives.str),
-            PrimDef::Exception => class("Exception", |primitives| primitives.exception),
-            PrimDef::UInt32 => class("uint32", |primitives| primitives.uint32),
-            PrimDef::UInt64 => class("uint64", |primitives| primitives.uint64),
-            PrimDef::Option => class("Option", |primitives| primitives.option),
-            PrimDef::List => class("list", |primitives| primitives.list),
-            PrimDef::NDArray => class("ndarray", |primitives| primitives.ndarray),
-
-            // Option methods
-            PrimDef::FunOptionIsSome => fun("Option.is_some", Some("is_some")),
-            PrimDef::FunOptionIsNone => fun("Option.is_none", Some("is_none")),
-            PrimDef::FunOptionUnwrap => fun("Option.unwrap", Some("unwrap")),
-
-            // Option-related functions
-            PrimDef::FunSome => fun("Some", None),
-
-            // NDArray methods
-            PrimDef::FunNDArrayCopy => fun("ndarray.copy", Some("copy")),
-            PrimDef::FunNDArrayFill => fun("ndarray.fill", Some("fill")),
-
-            // Range methods
-            PrimDef::FunRangeInit => fun("range.__init__", Some("__init__")),
-
-            // NumPy factory functions
+            PrimDef::Int32 => class("int32"),
+            PrimDef::Int64 => class("int64"),
+            PrimDef::Float => class("float"),
+            PrimDef::Bool => class("bool"),
+            PrimDef::None => class("none"),
+            PrimDef::Range => class("range"),
+            PrimDef::Str => class("str"),
+            PrimDef::Exception => class("Exception"),
+            PrimDef::UInt32 => class("uint32"),
+            PrimDef::UInt64 => class("uint64"),
+            PrimDef::Option => class("Option"),
+            PrimDef::OptionIsSome => fun("Option.is_some", Some("is_some")),
+            PrimDef::OptionIsNone => fun("Option.is_none", Some("is_none")),
+            PrimDef::OptionUnwrap => fun("Option.unwrap", Some("unwrap")),
+            PrimDef::List => class("list"),
+            PrimDef::NDArray => class("ndarray"),
+            PrimDef::NDArrayCopy => fun("ndarray.copy", Some("copy")),
+            PrimDef::NDArrayFill => fun("ndarray.fill", Some("fill")),
+            PrimDef::FunInt32 => fun("int32", None),
+            PrimDef::FunInt64 => fun("int64", None),
+            PrimDef::FunUInt32 => fun("uint32", None),
+            PrimDef::FunUInt64 => fun("uint64", None),
+            PrimDef::FunFloat => fun("float", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpNDArray => fun("np_ndarray", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpEmpty => fun("np_empty", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpZeros => fun("np_zeros", None),
@@ -239,17 +200,26 @@ impl PrimDef {
             PrimDef::FunNpArray => fun("np_array", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpEye => fun("np_eye", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpIdentity => fun("np_identity", None),
-
-            // Miscellaneous NumPy & SciPy functions
+            PrimDef::FunRound => fun("round", None),
+            PrimDef::FunRound64 => fun("round64", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpRound => fun("np_round", None),
+            PrimDef::FunRangeInit => fun("range.__init__", Some("__init__")),
+            PrimDef::FunStr => fun("str", None),
+            PrimDef::FunBool => fun("bool", None),
+            PrimDef::FunFloor => fun("floor", None),
+            PrimDef::FunFloor64 => fun("floor64", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpFloor => fun("np_floor", None),
+            PrimDef::FunCeil => fun("ceil", None),
+            PrimDef::FunCeil64 => fun("ceil64", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpCeil => fun("np_ceil", None),
+            PrimDef::FunLen => fun("len", None),
+            PrimDef::FunMin => fun("min", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpMin => fun("np_min", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpMinimum => fun("np_minimum", None),
-            PrimDef::FunNpArgmin => fun("np_argmin", None),
+            PrimDef::FunMax => fun("max", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpMax => fun("np_max", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpMaximum => fun("np_maximum", None),
-            PrimDef::FunNpArgmax => fun("np_argmax", None),
+            PrimDef::FunAbs => fun("abs", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpIsNan => fun("np_isnan", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpIsInf => fun("np_isinf", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpSin => fun("np_sin", None),
@@ -287,40 +257,7 @@ impl PrimDef {
             PrimDef::FunNpLdExp => fun("np_ldexp", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpHypot => fun("np_hypot", None),
             PrimDef::FunNpNextAfter => fun("np_nextafter", None),
-            PrimDef::FunNpTranspose => fun("np_transpose", None),
-            PrimDef::FunNpReshape => fun("np_reshape", None),
-
-            // Linalg functions
-            PrimDef::FunNpDot => fun("np_dot", None),
-            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgCholesky => fun("np_linalg_cholesky", None),
-            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgQr => fun("np_linalg_qr", None),
-            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgSvd => fun("np_linalg_svd", None),
-            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgInv => fun("np_linalg_inv", None),
-            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgPinv => fun("np_linalg_pinv", None),
-            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgMatrixPower => fun("np_linalg_matrix_power", None),
-            PrimDef::FunNpLinalgDet => fun("np_linalg_det", None),
-            PrimDef::FunSpLinalgLu => fun("sp_linalg_lu", None),
-            PrimDef::FunSpLinalgSchur => fun("sp_linalg_schur", None),
-            PrimDef::FunSpLinalgHessenberg => fun("sp_linalg_hessenberg", None),
-
-            // Miscellaneous Python & NAC3 functions
-            PrimDef::FunInt32 => fun("int32", None),
-            PrimDef::FunInt64 => fun("int64", None),
-            PrimDef::FunUInt32 => fun("uint32", None),
-            PrimDef::FunUInt64 => fun("uint64", None),
-            PrimDef::FunFloat => fun("float", None),
-            PrimDef::FunRound => fun("round", None),
-            PrimDef::FunRound64 => fun("round64", None),
-            PrimDef::FunStr => fun("str", None),
-            PrimDef::FunBool => fun("bool", None),
-            PrimDef::FunFloor => fun("floor", None),
-            PrimDef::FunFloor64 => fun("floor64", None),
-            PrimDef::FunCeil => fun("ceil", None),
-            PrimDef::FunCeil64 => fun("ceil64", None),
-            PrimDef::FunLen => fun("len", None),
-            PrimDef::FunMin => fun("min", None),
-            PrimDef::FunMax => fun("max", None),
-            PrimDef::FunAbs => fun("abs", None),
+            PrimDef::FunSome => fun("Some", None),
         }
     }
 }
@@ -389,9 +326,6 @@ impl TopLevelDef {
                     r
                 }
             ),
-            TopLevelDef::Variable { name, ty, .. } => {
-                format!("Variable {{ name: {name:?}, ty: {:?} }}", unifier.stringify(*ty),)
-            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -427,13 +361,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
         });
         let range = unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TObj {
             obj_id: PrimDef::Range.id(),
-            fields: [
-                ("start".into(), (int32, true)),
-                ("stop".into(), (int32, true)),
-                ("step".into(), (int32, true)),
-            ]
-            .into_iter()
-            .collect(),
+            fields: HashMap::new(),
             params: VarMap::new(),
         });
         let str = unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TObj {
@@ -474,9 +402,9 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
         let option = unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TObj {
             obj_id: PrimDef::Option.id(),
             fields: vec![
-                (PrimDef::FunOptionIsSome.simple_name().into(), (is_some_type_fun_ty, true)),
-                (PrimDef::FunOptionIsNone.simple_name().into(), (is_some_type_fun_ty, true)),
-                (PrimDef::FunOptionUnwrap.simple_name().into(), (unwrap_fun_ty, true)),
+                (PrimDef::OptionIsSome.simple_name().into(), (is_some_type_fun_ty, true)),
+                (PrimDef::OptionIsNone.simple_name().into(), (is_some_type_fun_ty, true)),
+                (PrimDef::OptionUnwrap.simple_name().into(), (unwrap_fun_ty, true)),
             ]
             .into_iter()
             .collect::<HashMap<_, _>>(),
@@ -510,7 +438,6 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                 name: "value".into(),
                 ty: ndarray_dtype_tvar.ty,
                 default_value: None,
-                is_vararg: false,
             }],
             ret: none,
             vars: into_var_map([ndarray_dtype_tvar, ndarray_ndims_tvar]),
@@ -518,8 +445,8 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
         let ndarray = unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TObj {
             obj_id: PrimDef::NDArray.id(),
             fields: Mapping::from([
-                (PrimDef::FunNDArrayCopy.simple_name().into(), (ndarray_copy_fun_ty, true)),
-                (PrimDef::FunNDArrayFill.simple_name().into(), (ndarray_fill_fun_ty, true)),
+                (PrimDef::NDArrayCopy.simple_name().into(), (ndarray_copy_fun_ty, true)),
+                (PrimDef::NDArrayFill.simple_name().into(), (ndarray_fill_fun_ty, true)),
             ]),
             params: into_var_map([ndarray_dtype_tvar, ndarray_ndims_tvar]),
         });
@@ -593,18 +520,6 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
         }
     }
 
-    #[must_use]
-    pub fn make_top_level_variable_def(
-        name: String,
-        simple_name: StrRef,
-        ty: Type,
-        ty_decl: Option<Expr>,
-        resolver: Option<Arc<dyn SymbolResolver + Send + Sync>>,
-        loc: Option<Location>,
-    ) -> TopLevelDef {
-        TopLevelDef::Variable { name, simple_name, ty, ty_decl, resolver, loc }
-    }
-
     #[must_use]
     pub fn make_class_method_name(mut class_name: String, method_name: &str) -> String {
         class_name.push('.');
@@ -750,16 +665,7 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
         )
     }
 
-    /// This function returns the fields that have been initialized in the `__init__` function of a class
-    /// The function takes as input:
-    ///  * `class_id`: The `object_id` of the class whose function is being evaluated (check `TopLevelDef::Class`)
-    ///  * `definition_ast_list`: A list of ast definitions and statements defined in `TopLevelComposer`
-    ///  * `stmts`: The body of function being parsed. Each statment is analyzed to check varaible initialization statements
-    pub fn get_all_assigned_field(
-        class_id: usize,
-        definition_ast_list: &Vec<DefAst>,
-        stmts: &[Stmt<()>],
-    ) -> Result<HashSet<StrRef>, HashSet<String>> {
+    pub fn get_all_assigned_field(stmts: &[Stmt<()>]) -> Result<HashSet<StrRef>, HashSet<String>> {
         let mut result = HashSet::new();
         for s in stmts {
             match &s.node {
@@ -795,138 +701,30 @@ impl TopLevelComposer {
                 // TODO: do not check for For and While?
                 ast::StmtKind::For { body, orelse, .. }
                 | ast::StmtKind::While { body, orelse, .. } => {
-                    result.extend(Self::get_all_assigned_field(
-                        class_id,
-                        definition_ast_list,
-                        body.as_slice(),
-                    )?);
-                    result.extend(Self::get_all_assigned_field(
-                        class_id,
-                        definition_ast_list,
-                        orelse.as_slice(),
-                    )?);
+                    result.extend(Self::get_all_assigned_field(body.as_slice())?);
+                    result.extend(Self::get_all_assigned_field(orelse.as_slice())?);
                 }
                 ast::StmtKind::If { body, orelse, .. } => {
-                    let inited_for_sure = Self::get_all_assigned_field(
-                        class_id,
-                        definition_ast_list,
-                        body.as_slice(),
-                    )?
-                    .intersection(&Self::get_all_assigned_field(
-                        class_id,
-                        definition_ast_list,
-                        orelse.as_slice(),
-                    )?)
+                    let inited_for_sure = Self::get_all_assigned_field(body.as_slice())?
+                        .intersection(&Self::get_all_assigned_field(orelse.as_slice())?)
                         .copied()
                         .collect::<HashSet<_>>();
                     result.extend(inited_for_sure);
                 }
                 ast::StmtKind::Try { body, orelse, finalbody, .. } => {
-                    let inited_for_sure = Self::get_all_assigned_field(
-                        class_id,
-                        definition_ast_list,
-                        body.as_slice(),
-                    )?
-                    .intersection(&Self::get_all_assigned_field(
-                        class_id,
-                        definition_ast_list,
-                        orelse.as_slice(),
-                    )?)
+                    let inited_for_sure = Self::get_all_assigned_field(body.as_slice())?
+                        .intersection(&Self::get_all_assigned_field(orelse.as_slice())?)
                         .copied()
                         .collect::<HashSet<_>>();
                     result.extend(inited_for_sure);
-                    result.extend(Self::get_all_assigned_field(
-                        class_id,
-                        definition_ast_list,
-                        finalbody.as_slice(),
-                    )?);
+                    result.extend(Self::get_all_assigned_field(finalbody.as_slice())?);
                 }
                 ast::StmtKind::With { body, .. } => {
-                    result.extend(Self::get_all_assigned_field(
-                        class_id,
-                        definition_ast_list,
-                        body.as_slice(),
-                    )?);
-                }
-                // Variables Initialized in function calls
-                ast::StmtKind::Expr { value, .. } => {
-                    let ExprKind::Call { func, .. } = &value.node else {
-                        continue;
-                    };
-                    let ExprKind::Attribute { value, attr, .. } = &func.node else {
-                        continue;
-                    };
-                    let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = &value.node else {
-                        continue;
-                    };
-                    // Need to consider the two cases:
-                    //  Case 1) Call to class function i.e. id = `self`
-                    //  Case 2) Call to class ancestor function i.e. id = ancestor_name
-                    // We leave checking whether function in case 2 belonged to class ancestor or not to type checker
-                    //
-                    // According to current handling of `self`, function definition are fixed and do not change regardless
-                    // of which object is passed as `self` i.e. virtual polymorphism is not supported
-                    // Therefore, we change class id for case 2 to reflect behavior of our compiler
-
-                    let class_name = if *id == "self".into() {
-                        let ast::StmtKind::ClassDef { name, .. } =
-                            &definition_ast_list[class_id].1.as_ref().unwrap().node
-                        else {
-                            unreachable!()
-                        };
-                        name
-                    } else {
-                        id
-                    };
-
-                    let parent_method = definition_ast_list.iter().find_map(|def| {
-                        let (
-                            class_def,
-                            Some(ast::Located {
-                                node: ast::StmtKind::ClassDef { name, body, .. },
-                                ..
-                            }),
-                        ) = &def
-                        else {
-                            return None;
-                        };
-                        let TopLevelDef::Class { object_id: class_id, .. } = &*class_def.read()
-                        else {
-                            unreachable!()
-                        };
-
-                        if name == class_name {
-                            body.iter().find_map(|m| {
-                                let ast::StmtKind::FunctionDef { name, body, .. } = &m.node else {
-                                    return None;
-                                };
-                                if *name == *attr {
-                                    return Some((body.clone(), class_id.0));
-                                }
-                                None
-                            })
-                        } else {
-                            None
-                        }
-                    });
-
-                    // If method body is none then method does not exist
-                    if let Some((method_body, class_id)) = parent_method {
-                        result.extend(Self::get_all_assigned_field(
-                            class_id,
-                            definition_ast_list,
-                            method_body.as_slice(),
-                        )?);
-                    } else {
-                        return Err(HashSet::from([format!(
-                            "{}.{} not found in class {class_name} at {}",
-                            *id, *attr, value.location
-                        )]));
-                    }
+                    result.extend(Self::get_all_assigned_field(body.as_slice())?);
                 }
                 ast::StmtKind::Pass { .. }
                 | ast::StmtKind::Assert { .. }
-                | ast::StmtKind::AnnAssign { .. } => {}
+                | ast::StmtKind::Expr { .. } => {}
 
                 _ => {
                     unimplemented!()

nac3core/src/toplevel/mod.rs

@@ -6,36 +6,36 @@ use std::{
     sync::Arc,
 };
 
-use inkwell::values::BasicValueEnum;
-use itertools::Itertools;
-use parking_lot::RwLock;
-
-use nac3parser::ast::{self, Expr, Location, Stmt, StrRef};
-
+use super::codegen::CodeGenContext;
+use super::typecheck::type_inferencer::PrimitiveStore;
+use super::typecheck::typedef::{
+    FunSignature, FuncArg, SharedUnifier, Type, TypeEnum, Unifier, VarMap,
+};
 use crate::{
-    codegen::{CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator},
+    codegen::CodeGenerator,
     symbol_resolver::{SymbolResolver, ValueEnum},
     typecheck::{
-        type_inferencer::{CodeLocation, PrimitiveStore},
-        typedef::{
-            CallId, FunSignature, FuncArg, SharedUnifier, Type, TypeEnum, TypeVarId, Unifier,
-            VarMap,
-        },
+        type_inferencer::CodeLocation,
+        typedef::{CallId, TypeVarId},
     },
 };
-use composer::*;
-use type_annotation::*;
+use inkwell::values::BasicValueEnum;
+use itertools::Itertools;
+use nac3parser::ast::{self, Location, Stmt, StrRef};
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
+
+#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Clone, Copy, Hash, Debug)]
+pub struct DefinitionId(pub usize);
 
 pub mod builtins;
 pub mod composer;
 pub mod helper;
 pub mod numpy;
+pub mod type_annotation;
+use composer::*;
+use type_annotation::*;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test;
-pub mod type_annotation;
-
-#[derive(PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord, Clone, Copy, Hash, Debug)]
-pub struct DefinitionId(pub usize);
 
 type GenCallCallback = dyn for<'ctx, 'a> Fn(
         &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, 'a>,
@@ -148,25 +148,6 @@ pub enum TopLevelDef {
         /// Definition location.
         loc: Option<Location>,
     },
-    Variable {
-        /// Qualified name of the global variable, should be unique globally.
-        name: String,
-
-        /// Simple name, the same as in method/function definition.
-        simple_name: StrRef,
-
-        /// Type of the global variable.
-        ty: Type,
-
-        /// The declared type of the global variable, or [`None`] if no type annotation is provided.
-        ty_decl: Option<Expr>,
-
-        /// Symbol resolver of the module defined the class.
-        resolver: Option<Arc<dyn SymbolResolver + Send + Sync>>,
-
-        /// Definition location.
-        loc: Option<Location>,
-    },
 }
 
 pub struct TopLevelContext {

nac3core/src/toplevel/numpy.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
-use itertools::Itertools;
-
-use super::helper::PrimDef;
-use crate::typecheck::{
+use crate::{
+    toplevel::helper::PrimDef,
+    typecheck::{
         type_inferencer::PrimitiveStore,
         typedef::{Type, TypeEnum, TypeVarId, Unifier, VarMap},
+    },
 };
+use itertools::Itertools;
 
 /// Creates a `ndarray` [`Type`] with the given type arguments.
 ///

nac3core/src/toplevel/snapshots/nac3core__toplevel__test__test_analyze__generic_class.snap

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ expression: res_vec
 [
     "Class {\nname: \"Generic_A\",\nancestors: [\"Generic_A[V]\", \"B\"],\nfields: [\"aa\", \"a\"],\nmethods: [(\"__init__\", \"fn[[], none]\"), (\"foo\", \"fn[[b:T], none]\"), (\"fun\", \"fn[[a:int32], V]\")],\ntype_vars: [\"V\"]\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"Generic_A.__init__\",\nsig: \"fn[[], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
-    "Function {\nname: \"Generic_A.fun\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:int32], V]\",\nvar_id: [TypeVarId(241)]\n}\n",
+    "Function {\nname: \"Generic_A.fun\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:int32], V]\",\nvar_id: [TypeVarId(245)]\n}\n",
     "Class {\nname: \"B\",\nancestors: [\"B\"],\nfields: [\"aa\"],\nmethods: [(\"__init__\", \"fn[[], none]\"), (\"foo\", \"fn[[b:T], none]\")],\ntype_vars: []\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"B.__init__\",\nsig: \"fn[[], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"B.foo\",\nsig: \"fn[[b:T], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",

nac3core/src/toplevel/snapshots/nac3core__toplevel__test__test_analyze__inheritance_override.snap

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ expression: res_vec
     "Function {\nname: \"A.__init__\",\nsig: \"fn[[t:T], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"A.fun\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:int32, b:T], list[virtual[B[bool]]]]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"A.foo\",\nsig: \"fn[[c:C], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
-    "Class {\nname: \"B\",\nancestors: [\"B[typevar230]\", \"A[float]\"],\nfields: [\"a\", \"b\", \"c\", \"d\"],\nmethods: [(\"__init__\", \"fn[[], none]\"), (\"fun\", \"fn[[a:int32, b:T], list[virtual[B[bool]]]]\"), (\"foo\", \"fn[[c:C], none]\")],\ntype_vars: [\"typevar230\"]\n}\n",
+    "Class {\nname: \"B\",\nancestors: [\"B[typevar234]\", \"A[float]\"],\nfields: [\"a\", \"b\", \"c\", \"d\"],\nmethods: [(\"__init__\", \"fn[[], none]\"), (\"fun\", \"fn[[a:int32, b:T], list[virtual[B[bool]]]]\"), (\"foo\", \"fn[[c:C], none]\")],\ntype_vars: [\"typevar234\"]\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"B.__init__\",\nsig: \"fn[[], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"B.fun\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:int32, b:T], list[virtual[B[bool]]]]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
     "Class {\nname: \"C\",\nancestors: [\"C\", \"B[bool]\", \"A[float]\"],\nfields: [\"a\", \"b\", \"c\", \"d\", \"e\"],\nmethods: [(\"__init__\", \"fn[[], none]\"), (\"fun\", \"fn[[a:int32, b:T], list[virtual[B[bool]]]]\"), (\"foo\", \"fn[[c:C], none]\")],\ntype_vars: []\n}\n",

nac3core/src/toplevel/snapshots/nac3core__toplevel__test__test_analyze__list_tuple_generic.snap

@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@ expression: res_vec
 [
     "Function {\nname: \"foo\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:list[int32], b:tuple[T, float]], A[B, bool]]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
     "Class {\nname: \"A\",\nancestors: [\"A[T, V]\"],\nfields: [\"a\", \"b\"],\nmethods: [(\"__init__\", \"fn[[v:V], none]\"), (\"fun\", \"fn[[a:T], V]\")],\ntype_vars: [\"T\", \"V\"]\n}\n",
-    "Function {\nname: \"A.__init__\",\nsig: \"fn[[v:V], none]\",\nvar_id: [TypeVarId(243)]\n}\n",
-    "Function {\nname: \"A.fun\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:T], V]\",\nvar_id: [TypeVarId(248)]\n}\n",
+    "Function {\nname: \"A.__init__\",\nsig: \"fn[[v:V], none]\",\nvar_id: [TypeVarId(247)]\n}\n",
+    "Function {\nname: \"A.fun\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:T], V]\",\nvar_id: [TypeVarId(252)]\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"gfun\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:A[list[float], int32]], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
     "Class {\nname: \"B\",\nancestors: [\"B\"],\nfields: [],\nmethods: [(\"__init__\", \"fn[[], none]\")],\ntype_vars: []\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"B.__init__\",\nsig: \"fn[[], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",

nac3core/src/toplevel/snapshots/nac3core__toplevel__test__test_analyze__self1.snap

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ source: nac3core/src/toplevel/test.rs
 expression: res_vec
 ---
 [
-    "Class {\nname: \"A\",\nancestors: [\"A[typevar229, typevar230]\"],\nfields: [\"a\", \"b\"],\nmethods: [(\"__init__\", \"fn[[a:A[float, bool], b:B], none]\"), (\"fun\", \"fn[[a:A[float, bool]], A[bool, int32]]\")],\ntype_vars: [\"typevar229\", \"typevar230\"]\n}\n",
+    "Class {\nname: \"A\",\nancestors: [\"A[typevar233, typevar234]\"],\nfields: [\"a\", \"b\"],\nmethods: [(\"__init__\", \"fn[[a:A[float, bool], b:B], none]\"), (\"fun\", \"fn[[a:A[float, bool]], A[bool, int32]]\")],\ntype_vars: [\"typevar233\", \"typevar234\"]\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"A.__init__\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:A[float, bool], b:B], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"A.fun\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:A[float, bool]], A[bool, int32]]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
     "Class {\nname: \"B\",\nancestors: [\"B\", \"A[int64, bool]\"],\nfields: [\"a\", \"b\"],\nmethods: [(\"__init__\", \"fn[[], none]\"), (\"fun\", \"fn[[a:A[float, bool]], A[bool, int32]]\"), (\"foo\", \"fn[[b:B], B]\"), (\"bar\", \"fn[[a:A[list[B], int32]], tuple[A[virtual[A[B, int32]], bool], B]]\")],\ntype_vars: []\n}\n",

nac3core/src/toplevel/snapshots/nac3core__toplevel__test__test_analyze__simple_class_compose.snap

@@ -6,12 +6,12 @@ expression: res_vec
     "Class {\nname: \"A\",\nancestors: [\"A\"],\nfields: [\"a\"],\nmethods: [(\"__init__\", \"fn[[], none]\"), (\"fun\", \"fn[[b:B], none]\"), (\"foo\", \"fn[[a:T, b:V], none]\")],\ntype_vars: []\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"A.__init__\",\nsig: \"fn[[], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"A.fun\",\nsig: \"fn[[b:B], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
-    "Function {\nname: \"A.foo\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:T, b:V], none]\",\nvar_id: [TypeVarId(249)]\n}\n",
+    "Function {\nname: \"A.foo\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:T, b:V], none]\",\nvar_id: [TypeVarId(253)]\n}\n",
     "Class {\nname: \"B\",\nancestors: [\"B\", \"C\", \"A\"],\nfields: [\"a\"],\nmethods: [(\"__init__\", \"fn[[], none]\"), (\"fun\", \"fn[[b:B], none]\"), (\"foo\", \"fn[[a:T, b:V], none]\")],\ntype_vars: []\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"B.__init__\",\nsig: \"fn[[], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
     "Class {\nname: \"C\",\nancestors: [\"C\", \"A\"],\nfields: [\"a\"],\nmethods: [(\"__init__\", \"fn[[], none]\"), (\"fun\", \"fn[[b:B], none]\"), (\"foo\", \"fn[[a:T, b:V], none]\")],\ntype_vars: []\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"C.__init__\",\nsig: \"fn[[], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"C.fun\",\nsig: \"fn[[b:B], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
     "Function {\nname: \"foo\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:A], none]\",\nvar_id: []\n}\n",
-    "Function {\nname: \"ff\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:T], V]\",\nvar_id: [TypeVarId(257)]\n}\n",
+    "Function {\nname: \"ff\",\nsig: \"fn[[a:T], V]\",\nvar_id: [TypeVarId(261)]\n}\n",
 ]

nac3core/src/toplevel/test.rs

@@ -1,23 +1,21 @@
-use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::Arc};
-
-use indoc::indoc;
-use parking_lot::Mutex;
-use test_case::test_case;
-
-use nac3parser::{
-    ast::{fold::Fold, FileName},
-    parser::parse_program,
-};
-
-use super::{helper::PrimDef, DefinitionId, *};
+use super::*;
+use crate::toplevel::helper::PrimDef;
+use crate::typecheck::typedef::into_var_map;
 use crate::{
     codegen::CodeGenContext,
     symbol_resolver::{SymbolResolver, ValueEnum},
+    toplevel::DefinitionId,
     typecheck::{
         type_inferencer::PrimitiveStore,
-        typedef::{into_var_map, Type, Unifier},
+        typedef::{Type, Unifier},
     },
 };
+use indoc::indoc;
+use nac3parser::ast::FileName;
+use nac3parser::{ast::fold::Fold, parser::parse_program};
+use parking_lot::Mutex;
+use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::Arc};
+use test_case::test_case;
 
 struct ResolverInternal {
     id_to_type: Mutex<HashMap<StrRef, Type>>,
@@ -64,7 +62,6 @@ impl SymbolResolver for Resolver {
         &self,
         _: StrRef,
         _: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-        _: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
     ) -> Option<ValueEnum<'ctx>> {
         unimplemented!()
     }
@@ -120,8 +117,7 @@ impl SymbolResolver for Resolver {
     "register"
 )]
 fn test_simple_register(source: Vec<&str>) {
-    let mut composer =
-        TopLevelComposer::new(Vec::new(), Vec::new(), ComposerConfig::default(), 64).0;
+    let mut composer = TopLevelComposer::new(Vec::new(), ComposerConfig::default(), 64).0;
 
     for s in source {
         let ast = parse_program(s, FileName::default()).unwrap();
@@ -141,8 +137,7 @@ fn test_simple_register(source: Vec<&str>) {
     "register"
 )]
 fn test_simple_register_without_constructor(source: &str) {
-    let mut composer =
-        TopLevelComposer::new(Vec::new(), Vec::new(), ComposerConfig::default(), 64).0;
+    let mut composer = TopLevelComposer::new(Vec::new(), ComposerConfig::default(), 64).0;
     let ast = parse_program(source, FileName::default()).unwrap();
     let ast = ast[0].clone();
     composer.register_top_level(ast, None, "", true).unwrap();
@@ -176,8 +171,7 @@ fn test_simple_register_without_constructor(source: &str) {
     "function compose"
 )]
 fn test_simple_function_analyze(source: &[&str], tys: &[&str], names: &[&str]) {
-    let mut composer =
-        TopLevelComposer::new(Vec::new(), Vec::new(), ComposerConfig::default(), 64).0;
+    let mut composer = TopLevelComposer::new(Vec::new(), ComposerConfig::default(), 64).0;
 
     let internal_resolver = Arc::new(ResolverInternal {
         id_to_def: Mutex::default(),
@@ -525,8 +519,7 @@ fn test_simple_function_analyze(source: &[&str], tys: &[&str], names: &[&str]) {
 )]
 fn test_analyze(source: &[&str], res: &[&str]) {
     let print = false;
-    let mut composer =
-        TopLevelComposer::new(Vec::new(), Vec::new(), ComposerConfig::default(), 64).0;
+    let mut composer = TopLevelComposer::new(Vec::new(), ComposerConfig::default(), 64).0;
 
     let internal_resolver = make_internal_resolver_with_tvar(
         vec![
@@ -703,8 +696,7 @@ fn test_analyze(source: &[&str], res: &[&str]) {
 )]
 fn test_inference(source: Vec<&str>, res: &[&str]) {
     let print = true;
-    let mut composer =
-        TopLevelComposer::new(Vec::new(), Vec::new(), ComposerConfig::default(), 64).0;
+    let mut composer = TopLevelComposer::new(Vec::new(), ComposerConfig::default(), 64).0;
 
     let internal_resolver = make_internal_resolver_with_tvar(
         vec![

nac3core/src/toplevel/type_annotation.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,9 @@
-use strum::IntoEnumIterator;
-
+use super::*;
+use crate::symbol_resolver::SymbolValue;
+use crate::toplevel::helper::PrimDef;
+use crate::typecheck::typedef::VarMap;
 use nac3parser::ast::Constant;
 
-use super::{
-    helper::{PrimDef, PrimDefDetails},
-    *,
-};
-use crate::{symbol_resolver::SymbolValue, typecheck::typedef::VarMap};
-
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub enum TypeAnnotation {
     Primitive(Type),
@@ -361,7 +357,6 @@ pub fn parse_ast_to_type_annotation_kinds<T, S: std::hash::BuildHasher + Clone>(
 pub fn get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
     top_level_defs: &[Arc<RwLock<TopLevelDef>>],
     unifier: &mut Unifier,
-    primitives: &PrimitiveStore,
     ann: &TypeAnnotation,
     subst_list: &mut Option<Vec<Type>>,
 ) -> Result<Type, HashSet<String>> {
@@ -384,43 +379,10 @@ pub fn get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
             let param_ty = params
                 .iter()
                 .map(|x| {
-                    get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
-                        top_level_defs,
-                        unifier,
-                        primitives,
-                        x,
-                        subst_list,
-                    )
+                    get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(top_level_defs, unifier, x, subst_list)
                 })
                 .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
 
-            let ty = if let Some(prim_def) = PrimDef::iter().find(|prim| prim.id() == *obj_id) {
-                // Primitive TopLevelDefs do not contain all fields that are present in their Type
-                // counterparts, so directly perform subst on the Type instead.
-
-                let PrimDefDetails::PrimClass { get_ty_fn, .. } = prim_def.details() else {
-                    unreachable!()
-                };
-
-                let base_ty = get_ty_fn(primitives);
-                let params =
-                    if let TypeEnum::TObj { params, .. } = &*unifier.get_ty_immutable(base_ty) {
-                        params.clone()
-                    } else {
-                        unreachable!()
-                    };
-
-                unifier
-                    .subst(
-                        get_ty_fn(primitives),
-                        &params
-                            .iter()
-                            .zip(param_ty)
-                            .map(|(obj_tv, param)| (*obj_tv.0, param))
-                            .collect(),
-                    )
-                    .unwrap_or(base_ty)
-            } else {
             let subst = {
                 // check for compatible range
                 // TODO: if allow type var to be applied(now this disallowed in the parse_to_type_annotation), need more check
@@ -462,15 +424,12 @@ pub fn get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
                             }
                         }
 
-                            TypeEnum::TVar {
-                                id, range, name, loc, is_const_generic: true, ..
-                            } => {
+                        TypeEnum::TVar { id, range, name, loc, is_const_generic: true, .. } => {
                             let ty = range[0];
                             let ok: bool = {
                                 // create a temp type var and unify to check compatibility
                                 p == *tvar || {
-                                        let temp =
-                                            unifier.get_fresh_const_generic_var(ty, *name, *loc);
+                                    let temp = unifier.get_fresh_const_generic_var(ty, *name, *loc);
                                     unifier.unify(temp.ty, p).is_ok()
                                 }
                             };
@@ -509,16 +468,11 @@ pub fn get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
                 fields: tobj_fields,
                 params: subst,
             });
-
             if need_subst {
                 if let Some(wl) = subst_list.as_mut() {
                     wl.push(ty);
                 }
             }
-
-                ty
-            };
-
             Ok(ty)
         }
         TypeAnnotation::Primitive(ty) | TypeAnnotation::TypeVar(ty) => Ok(*ty),
@@ -536,7 +490,6 @@ pub fn get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
             let ty = get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
                 top_level_defs,
                 unifier,
-                primitives,
                 ty.as_ref(),
                 subst_list,
             )?;
@@ -546,16 +499,10 @@ pub fn get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
             let tys = tys
                 .iter()
                 .map(|x| {
-                    get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
-                        top_level_defs,
-                        unifier,
-                        primitives,
-                        x,
-                        subst_list,
-                    )
+                    get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(top_level_defs, unifier, x, subst_list)
                 })
                 .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
-            Ok(unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: tys, is_vararg_ctx: false }))
+            Ok(unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: tys }))
         }
     }
 }

nac3core/src/typecheck/function_check.rs

@@ -1,19 +1,13 @@
-use std::{
-    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
-    iter::once,
-};
+use crate::toplevel::helper::PrimDef;
 
+use super::type_inferencer::Inferencer;
+use super::typedef::{Type, TypeEnum};
 use nac3parser::ast::{
     self, Constant, Expr, ExprKind,
     Operator::{LShift, RShift},
     Stmt, StmtKind, StrRef,
 };
-
-use super::{
-    type_inferencer::{DeclarationSource, IdentifierInfo, Inferencer},
-    typedef::{Type, TypeEnum},
-};
-use crate::toplevel::helper::PrimDef;
+use std::{collections::HashSet, iter::once};
 
 impl<'a> Inferencer<'a> {
     fn should_have_value(&mut self, expr: &Expr<Option<Type>>) -> Result<(), HashSet<String>> {
@@ -27,45 +21,26 @@ impl<'a> Inferencer<'a> {
     fn check_pattern(
         &mut self,
         pattern: &Expr<Option<Type>>,
-        defined_identifiers: &mut HashMap<StrRef, IdentifierInfo>,
+        defined_identifiers: &mut HashSet<StrRef>,
     ) -> Result<(), HashSet<String>> {
         match &pattern.node {
             ExprKind::Name { id, .. } if id == &"none".into() => {
                 Err(HashSet::from([format!("cannot assign to a `none` (at {})", pattern.location)]))
             }
             ExprKind::Name { id, .. } => {
-                // If `id` refers to a declared symbol, reject this assignment if it is used in the
-                // context of an (implicit) global variable
-                if let Some(id_info) = defined_identifiers.get(id) {
-                    if matches!(
-                        id_info.source,
-                        DeclarationSource::Global { is_explicit: Some(false) }
-                    ) {
-                        return Err(HashSet::from([format!(
-                            "cannot access local variable '{id}' before it is declared (at {})",
-                            pattern.location
-                        )]));
-                    }
-                }
-
-                if !defined_identifiers.contains_key(id) {
-                    defined_identifiers.insert(*id, IdentifierInfo::default());
+                if !defined_identifiers.contains(id) {
+                    defined_identifiers.insert(*id);
                 }
                 self.should_have_value(pattern)?;
                 Ok(())
             }
-            ExprKind::List { elts, .. } | ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } => {
+            ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } => {
                 for elt in elts {
                     self.check_pattern(elt, defined_identifiers)?;
                     self.should_have_value(elt)?;
                 }
                 Ok(())
             }
-            ExprKind::Starred { value, .. } => {
-                self.check_pattern(value, defined_identifiers)?;
-                self.should_have_value(value)?;
-                Ok(())
-            }
             ExprKind::Subscript { value, slice, .. } => {
                 self.check_expr(value, defined_identifiers)?;
                 self.should_have_value(value)?;
@@ -89,7 +64,7 @@ impl<'a> Inferencer<'a> {
     fn check_expr(
         &mut self,
         expr: &Expr<Option<Type>>,
-        defined_identifiers: &mut HashMap<StrRef, IdentifierInfo>,
+        defined_identifiers: &mut HashSet<StrRef>,
     ) -> Result<(), HashSet<String>> {
         // there are some cases where the custom field is None
         if let Some(ty) = &expr.custom {
@@ -110,7 +85,7 @@ impl<'a> Inferencer<'a> {
                     return Ok(());
                 }
                 self.should_have_value(expr)?;
-                if !defined_identifiers.contains_key(id) {
+                if !defined_identifiers.contains(id) {
                     match self.function_data.resolver.get_symbol_type(
                         self.unifier,
                         &self.top_level.definitions.read(),
@@ -118,22 +93,7 @@ impl<'a> Inferencer<'a> {
                         *id,
                     ) {
                         Ok(_) => {
-                            let is_global = self.is_id_global(*id);
-
-                            defined_identifiers.insert(
-                                *id,
-                                IdentifierInfo {
-                                    source: match is_global {
-                                        Some(true) => {
-                                            DeclarationSource::Global { is_explicit: Some(false) }
-                                        }
-                                        Some(false) => {
-                                            DeclarationSource::Global { is_explicit: None }
-                                        }
-                                        None => DeclarationSource::Local,
-                                    },
-                                },
-                            );
+                            self.defined_identifiers.insert(*id);
                         }
                         Err(e) => {
                             return Err(HashSet::from([format!(
@@ -206,7 +166,9 @@ impl<'a> Inferencer<'a> {
                 let mut defined_identifiers = defined_identifiers.clone();
                 for arg in &args.args {
                     // TODO: should we check the types here?
-                    defined_identifiers.entry(arg.node.arg).or_default();
+                    if !defined_identifiers.contains(&arg.node.arg) {
+                        defined_identifiers.insert(arg.node.arg);
+                    }
                 }
                 self.check_expr(body, &mut defined_identifiers)?;
             }
@@ -245,9 +207,6 @@ impl<'a> Inferencer<'a> {
     /// This is a workaround preventing the caller from using a variable `alloca`-ed in the body, which
     /// is freed when the function returns.
     fn check_return_value_ty(&mut self, ret_ty: Type) -> bool {
-        if cfg!(feature = "no-escape-analysis") {
-            true
-        } else {
         match &*self.unifier.get_ty_immutable(ret_ty) {
             TypeEnum::TObj { .. } => [
                 self.primitives.int32,
@@ -259,17 +218,16 @@ impl<'a> Inferencer<'a> {
             ]
             .iter()
             .any(|allowed_ty| self.unifier.unioned(ret_ty, *allowed_ty)),
-                TypeEnum::TTuple { ty, .. } => ty.iter().all(|t| self.check_return_value_ty(*t)),
+            TypeEnum::TTuple { ty } => ty.iter().all(|t| self.check_return_value_ty(*t)),
             _ => false,
         }
     }
-    }
 
     // check statements for proper identifier def-use and return on all paths
     fn check_stmt(
         &mut self,
         stmt: &Stmt<Option<Type>>,
-        defined_identifiers: &mut HashMap<StrRef, IdentifierInfo>,
+        defined_identifiers: &mut HashSet<StrRef>,
     ) -> Result<bool, HashSet<String>> {
         match &stmt.node {
             StmtKind::For { target, iter, body, orelse, .. } => {
@@ -295,11 +253,9 @@ impl<'a> Inferencer<'a> {
                 let body_returned = self.check_block(body, &mut body_identifiers)?;
                 let orelse_returned = self.check_block(orelse, &mut orelse_identifiers)?;
 
-                for ident in body_identifiers.keys() {
-                    if !defined_identifiers.contains_key(ident)
-                        && orelse_identifiers.contains_key(ident)
-                    {
-                        defined_identifiers.insert(*ident, IdentifierInfo::default());
+                for ident in &body_identifiers {
+                    if !defined_identifiers.contains(ident) && orelse_identifiers.contains(ident) {
+                        defined_identifiers.insert(*ident);
                     }
                 }
                 Ok(body_returned && orelse_returned)
@@ -330,7 +286,7 @@ impl<'a> Inferencer<'a> {
                     let mut defined_identifiers = defined_identifiers.clone();
                     let ast::ExcepthandlerKind::ExceptHandler { name, body, .. } = &handler.node;
                     if let Some(name) = name {
-                        defined_identifiers.insert(*name, IdentifierInfo::default());
+                        defined_identifiers.insert(*name);
                     }
                     self.check_block(body, &mut defined_identifiers)?;
                 }
@@ -394,44 +350,6 @@ impl<'a> Inferencer<'a> {
                 }
                 Ok(true)
             }
-            StmtKind::Global { names, .. } => {
-                for id in names {
-                    if let Some(id_info) = defined_identifiers.get(id) {
-                        if id_info.source == DeclarationSource::Local {
-                            return Err(HashSet::from([format!(
-                                "name '{id}' is referenced prior to global declaration at {}",
-                                stmt.location,
-                            )]));
-                        }
-
-                        continue;
-                    }
-
-                    match self.function_data.resolver.get_symbol_type(
-                        self.unifier,
-                        &self.top_level.definitions.read(),
-                        self.primitives,
-                        *id,
-                    ) {
-                        Ok(_) => {
-                            defined_identifiers.insert(
-                                *id,
-                                IdentifierInfo {
-                                    source: DeclarationSource::Global { is_explicit: Some(true) },
-                                },
-                            );
-                        }
-                        Err(e) => {
-                            return Err(HashSet::from([format!(
-                                "type error at identifier `{}` ({}) at {}",
-                                id, e, stmt.location
-                            )]))
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-
-                Ok(false)
-            }
             // break, raise, etc.
             _ => Ok(false),
         }
@@ -440,7 +358,7 @@ impl<'a> Inferencer<'a> {
     pub fn check_block(
         &mut self,
         block: &[Stmt<Option<Type>>],
-        defined_identifiers: &mut HashMap<StrRef, IdentifierInfo>,
+        defined_identifiers: &mut HashSet<StrRef>,
     ) -> Result<bool, HashSet<String>> {
         let mut ret = false;
         for stmt in block {

nac3core/src/typecheck/magic_methods.rs

@@ -1,21 +1,17 @@
-use std::{cmp::max, collections::HashMap, rc::Rc};
-
-use itertools::{iproduct, Itertools};
-use strum::IntoEnumIterator;
-
-use nac3parser::ast::{Cmpop, Operator, StrRef, Unaryop};
-
-use super::{
+use crate::symbol_resolver::SymbolValue;
+use crate::toplevel::helper::PrimDef;
+use crate::toplevel::numpy::{make_ndarray_ty, unpack_ndarray_var_tys};
+use crate::typecheck::{
     type_inferencer::*,
     typedef::{FunSignature, FuncArg, Type, TypeEnum, Unifier, VarMap},
 };
-use crate::{
-    symbol_resolver::SymbolValue,
-    toplevel::{
-        helper::PrimDef,
-        numpy::{make_ndarray_ty, unpack_ndarray_var_tys},
-    },
-};
+use itertools::{iproduct, Itertools};
+use nac3parser::ast::StrRef;
+use nac3parser::ast::{Cmpop, Operator, Unaryop};
+use std::cmp::max;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::rc::Rc;
+use strum::IntoEnumIterator;
 
 /// The variant of a binary operator.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -201,7 +197,6 @@ pub fn impl_binop(
                             ty: other_ty,
                             default_value: None,
                             name: "other".into(),
-                            is_vararg: false,
                         }],
                     })),
                     false,
@@ -266,7 +261,6 @@ pub fn impl_cmpop(
                             ty: other_ty,
                             default_value: None,
                             name: "other".into(),
-                            is_vararg: false,
                         }],
                     })),
                     false,
@@ -524,23 +518,6 @@ pub fn typeof_binop(
         }
 
         Operator::MatMult => {
-            // NOTE: NumPy matmul's LHS and RHS must both be ndarrays. Scalars are not allowed.
-            match (&*unifier.get_ty(lhs), &*unifier.get_ty(rhs)) {
-                (
-                    TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id: lhs_obj_id, .. },
-                    TypeEnum::TObj { obj_id: rhs_obj_id, .. },
-                ) if *lhs_obj_id == primitives.ndarray.obj_id(unifier).unwrap()
-                    && *rhs_obj_id == primitives.ndarray.obj_id(unifier).unwrap() =>
-                {
-                    // LHS and RHS have valid types
-                }
-                _ => {
-                    let lhs_str = unifier.stringify(lhs);
-                    let rhs_str = unifier.stringify(rhs);
-                    return Err(format!("ndarray.__matmul__ only accepts ndarray operands, but left operand has type {lhs_str}, and right operand has type {rhs_str}"));
-                }
-            }
-
             let (_, lhs_ndims) = unpack_ndarray_var_tys(unifier, lhs);
             let lhs_ndims = match &*unifier.get_ty_immutable(lhs_ndims) {
                 TypeEnum::TLiteral { values, .. } => {
@@ -701,7 +678,6 @@ pub fn set_primitives_magic_methods(store: &PrimitiveStore, unifier: &mut Unifie
         bool: bool_t,
         uint32: uint32_t,
         uint64: uint64_t,
-        str: str_t,
         list: list_t,
         ndarray: ndarray_t,
         ..
@@ -747,9 +723,6 @@ pub fn set_primitives_magic_methods(store: &PrimitiveStore, unifier: &mut Unifie
     impl_sign(unifier, store, bool_t, Some(int32_t));
     impl_eq(unifier, store, bool_t, &[bool_t, ndarray_bool_t], None);
 
-    /* str ========= */
-    impl_cmpop(unifier, store, str_t, &[str_t], &[Cmpop::Eq, Cmpop::NotEq], Some(bool_t));
-
     /* list ======== */
     impl_binop(unifier, store, list_t, &[list_t], Some(list_t), &[Operator::Add]);
     impl_binop(unifier, store, list_t, &[int32_t, int64_t], Some(list_t), &[Operator::Mult]);

nac3core/src/typecheck/type_error.rs

@@ -1,13 +1,14 @@
-use std::{collections::HashMap, fmt::Display};
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::fmt::Display;
 
-use itertools::Itertools;
-
-use nac3parser::ast::{Cmpop, Location, StrRef};
+use crate::typecheck::{magic_methods::HasOpInfo, typedef::TypeEnum};
 
 use super::{
-    magic_methods::{Binop, HasOpInfo},
-    typedef::{RecordKey, Type, TypeEnum, Unifier},
+    magic_methods::Binop,
+    typedef::{RecordKey, Type, Unifier},
 };
+use itertools::Itertools;
+use nac3parser::ast::{Cmpop, Location, StrRef};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub enum TypeErrorKind {
@@ -182,10 +183,9 @@ impl<'a> Display for DisplayTypeError<'a> {
                         }
                         result
                     }
-                    (
-                        TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: ty1, is_vararg_ctx: is_vararg1 },
-                        TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: ty2, is_vararg_ctx: is_vararg2 },
-                    ) if !is_vararg1 && !is_vararg2 && ty1.len() != ty2.len() => {
+                    (TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: ty1 }, TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: ty2 })
+                        if ty1.len() != ty2.len() =>
+                    {
                         let t1 = self.unifier.stringify_with_notes(*t1, &mut notes);
                         let t2 = self.unifier.stringify_with_notes(*t2, &mut notes);
                         write!(f, "Tuple length mismatch: got {t1} and {t2}")

nac3core/src/typecheck/type_inferencer/test.rs

@@ -1,19 +1,17 @@
-use std::iter::zip;
-
-use indexmap::IndexMap;
-use indoc::indoc;
-use parking_lot::RwLock;
-use test_case::test_case;
-
-use nac3parser::{ast::FileName, parser::parse_program};
-
+use super::super::{magic_methods::with_fields, typedef::*};
 use super::*;
 use crate::{
-    codegen::{CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator},
+    codegen::CodeGenContext,
     symbol_resolver::ValueEnum,
     toplevel::{helper::PrimDef, DefinitionId, TopLevelDef},
-    typecheck::{magic_methods::with_fields, typedef::*},
 };
+use indexmap::IndexMap;
+use indoc::indoc;
+use nac3parser::ast::FileName;
+use nac3parser::parser::parse_program;
+use parking_lot::RwLock;
+use std::iter::zip;
+use test_case::test_case;
 
 struct Resolver {
     id_to_type: HashMap<StrRef, Type>,
@@ -43,7 +41,6 @@ impl SymbolResolver for Resolver {
         &self,
         _: StrRef,
         _: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-        _: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
     ) -> Option<ValueEnum<'ctx>> {
         unimplemented!()
     }
@@ -86,12 +83,7 @@ impl TestEnvironment {
         });
         with_fields(&mut unifier, int32, |unifier, fields| {
             let add_ty = unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature {
-                args: vec![FuncArg {
-                    name: "other".into(),
-                    ty: int32,
-                    default_value: None,
-                    is_vararg: false,
-                }],
+                args: vec![FuncArg { name: "other".into(), ty: int32, default_value: None }],
                 ret: int32,
                 vars: VarMap::new(),
             }));
@@ -232,12 +224,7 @@ impl TestEnvironment {
         });
         with_fields(&mut unifier, int32, |unifier, fields| {
             let add_ty = unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TFunc(FunSignature {
-                args: vec![FuncArg {
-                    name: "other".into(),
-                    ty: int32,
-                    default_value: None,
-                    is_vararg: false,
-                }],
+                args: vec![FuncArg { name: "other".into(), ty: int32, default_value: None }],
                 ret: int32,
                 vars: VarMap::new(),
             }));
@@ -520,7 +507,7 @@ impl TestEnvironment {
             primitives: &mut self.primitives,
             virtual_checks: &mut self.virtual_checks,
             calls: &mut self.calls,
-            defined_identifiers: HashMap::default(),
+            defined_identifiers: HashSet::default(),
             in_handler: false,
         }
     }
@@ -596,9 +583,8 @@ fn test_basic(source: &str, mapping: &HashMap<&str, &str>, virtuals: &[(&str, &s
     println!("source:\n{source}");
     let mut env = TestEnvironment::new();
     let id_to_name = std::mem::take(&mut env.id_to_name);
-    let mut defined_identifiers: HashMap<_, _> =
-        env.identifier_mapping.keys().copied().map(|id| (id, IdentifierInfo::default())).collect();
-    defined_identifiers.insert("virtual".into(), IdentifierInfo::default());
+    let mut defined_identifiers: HashSet<_> = env.identifier_mapping.keys().copied().collect();
+    defined_identifiers.insert("virtual".into());
     let mut inferencer = env.get_inferencer();
     inferencer.defined_identifiers.clone_from(&defined_identifiers);
     let statements = parse_program(source, FileName::default()).unwrap();
@@ -743,9 +729,8 @@ fn test_primitive_magic_methods(source: &str, mapping: &HashMap<&str, &str>) {
     println!("source:\n{source}");
     let mut env = TestEnvironment::basic_test_env();
     let id_to_name = std::mem::take(&mut env.id_to_name);
-    let mut defined_identifiers: HashMap<_, _> =
-        env.identifier_mapping.keys().copied().map(|id| (id, IdentifierInfo::default())).collect();
-    defined_identifiers.insert("virtual".into(), IdentifierInfo::default());
+    let mut defined_identifiers: HashSet<_> = env.identifier_mapping.keys().copied().collect();
+    defined_identifiers.insert("virtual".into());
     let mut inferencer = env.get_inferencer();
     inferencer.defined_identifiers.clone_from(&defined_identifiers);
     let statements = parse_program(source, FileName::default()).unwrap();

nac3core/src/typecheck/typedef/mod.rs

@@ -1,28 +1,23 @@
-use std::{
-    borrow::Cow,
-    cell::RefCell,
-    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
-    fmt::{self, Display},
-    iter::{repeat, zip},
-    rc::Rc,
-    sync::{Arc, Mutex},
-};
-
 use indexmap::IndexMap;
-use itertools::{repeat_n, Itertools};
+use itertools::Itertools;
+use std::cell::RefCell;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::fmt::{self, Display};
+use std::iter::zip;
+use std::rc::Rc;
+use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
+use std::{borrow::Cow, collections::HashSet};
 
 use nac3parser::ast::{Cmpop, Location, StrRef, Unaryop};
 
-use super::{
-    magic_methods::{Binop, HasOpInfo, OpInfo},
-    type_error::{TypeError, TypeErrorKind},
-    type_inferencer::PrimitiveStore,
-    unification_table::{UnificationKey, UnificationTable},
-};
-use crate::{
-    symbol_resolver::SymbolValue,
-    toplevel::{helper::PrimDef, DefinitionId, TopLevelContext, TopLevelDef},
-};
+use super::magic_methods::Binop;
+use super::type_error::{TypeError, TypeErrorKind};
+use super::unification_table::{UnificationKey, UnificationTable};
+use crate::symbol_resolver::SymbolValue;
+use crate::toplevel::helper::PrimDef;
+use crate::toplevel::{DefinitionId, TopLevelContext, TopLevelDef};
+use crate::typecheck::magic_methods::OpInfo;
+use crate::typecheck::type_inferencer::PrimitiveStore;
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test;
@@ -120,7 +115,6 @@ pub struct FuncArg {
     pub name: StrRef,
     pub ty: Type,
     pub default_value: Option<SymbolValue>,
-    pub is_vararg: bool,
 }
 
 impl FuncArg {
@@ -239,12 +233,6 @@ pub enum TypeEnum {
     TTuple {
         /// The types of elements present in this tuple.
         ty: Vec<Type>,
-
-        /// Whether this tuple is used in a vararg context.
-        ///
-        /// If `true`, `ty` must only contain one type, and the tuple is assumed to contain any
-        /// number of `ty`-typed values.
-        is_vararg_ctx: bool,
     },
 
     /// An object type.
@@ -539,7 +527,7 @@ impl Unifier {
             TypeEnum::TVirtual { ty } => self.get_instantiations(*ty).map(|ty| {
                 ty.iter().map(|&ty| self.add_ty(TypeEnum::TVirtual { ty })).collect_vec()
             }),
-            TypeEnum::TTuple { ty, is_vararg_ctx } => {
+            TypeEnum::TTuple { ty } => {
                 let tuples = ty
                     .iter()
                     .map(|ty| self.get_instantiations(*ty).unwrap_or_else(|| vec![*ty]))
@@ -549,12 +537,7 @@ impl Unifier {
                     None
                 } else {
                     Some(
-                        tuples
-                            .into_iter()
-                            .map(|ty| {
-                                self.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty, is_vararg_ctx: *is_vararg_ctx })
-                            })
-                            .collect(),
+                        tuples.into_iter().map(|ty| self.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty })).collect(),
                     )
                 }
             }
@@ -598,7 +581,7 @@ impl Unifier {
             TVar { .. } => allowed_typevars.iter().any(|b| self.unification_table.unioned(a, *b)),
             TCall { .. } => false,
             TVirtual { ty } => self.is_concrete(*ty, allowed_typevars),
-            TTuple { ty, .. } => ty.iter().all(|ty| self.is_concrete(*ty, allowed_typevars)),
+            TTuple { ty } => ty.iter().all(|ty| self.is_concrete(*ty, allowed_typevars)),
             TObj { params: vars, .. } => {
                 vars.values().all(|ty| self.is_concrete(*ty, allowed_typevars))
             }
@@ -666,7 +649,6 @@ impl Unifier {
 
         // Get details about the function signature/parameters.
         let num_params = signature.args.len();
-        let is_vararg = signature.args.iter().any(|arg| arg.is_vararg);
 
         // Force the type vars in `b` and `signature' to be up-to-date.
         let b = self.instantiate_fun(b, signature);
@@ -677,8 +659,8 @@ impl Unifier {
         let num_args = posargs.len() + kwargs.len();
 
         // Now we check the arguments against the parameters,
-        // and depending on what `call_info` is, we might change how `unify_call()` behaves
-        // to improve user error messages when type checking fails.
+        // and depending on what `call_info` is, we might change how the behavior `unify_call()`
+        // in hopes to improve user error messages when type checking fails.
         match operator_info {
             Some(OperatorInfo::IsBinaryOp { self_type, operator }) => {
                 // The call is written in the form of (say) `a + b`.
@@ -755,7 +737,7 @@ impl Unifier {
                 };
 
                 // Check for "too many arguments"
-                if !is_vararg && num_params < posargs.len() {
+                if num_params < posargs.len() {
                     let expected_min_count =
                         signature.args.iter().filter(|param| param.is_required()).count();
                     let expected_max_count = num_params;
@@ -788,19 +770,6 @@ impl Unifier {
                     type_check_arg(param.name, param.ty, arg_ty)?;
                 }
 
-                if is_vararg {
-                    debug_assert!(!signature.args.is_empty());
-
-                    let vararg_args = posargs.iter().skip(signature.args.len());
-                    let vararg_param = signature.args.last().unwrap();
-
-                    for (&arg_ty, param) in zip(vararg_args, repeat(vararg_param)) {
-                        // `param_info` for this argument would've already been marked as supplied
-                        // during non-vararg posarg typecheck
-                        type_check_arg(param.name, param.ty, arg_ty)?;
-                    }
-                }
-
                 // Now consume all keyword arguments and typecheck them.
                 for (&param_name, &arg_ty) in kwargs {
                     // We will also use this opportunity to check if this keyword argument is "legal".
@@ -990,10 +959,7 @@ impl Unifier {
                 self.unify_impl(x, b, false)?;
                 self.set_a_to_b(a, x);
             }
-            (
-                TVar { fields: Some(fields), range, is_const_generic: false, .. },
-                TTuple { ty, .. },
-            ) => {
+            (TVar { fields: Some(fields), range, is_const_generic: false, .. }, TTuple { ty }) => {
                 let len = i32::try_from(ty.len()).unwrap();
                 for (k, v) in fields {
                     match *k {
@@ -1014,18 +980,8 @@ impl Unifier {
                             self.unify_impl(v.ty, ty[ind as usize], false)
                                 .map_err(|e| e.at(v.loc))?;
                         }
-                        RecordKey::Str(s) => {
-                            let tuple_fns = [
-                                Cmpop::Eq.op_info().method_name,
-                                Cmpop::NotEq.op_info().method_name,
-                            ];
-
-                            if !tuple_fns.into_iter().any(|op| s.to_string() == op) {
-                                return Err(TypeError::new(
-                                    TypeErrorKind::NoSuchField(*k, b),
-                                    v.loc,
-                                ));
-                            }
+                        RecordKey::Str(_) => {
+                            return Err(TypeError::new(TypeErrorKind::NoSuchField(*k, b), v.loc))
                         }
                     }
                 }
@@ -1100,47 +1056,15 @@ impl Unifier {
                 self.set_a_to_b(a, b);
             }
 
-            (
-                TTuple { ty: ty1, is_vararg_ctx: is_vararg1 },
-                TTuple { ty: ty2, is_vararg_ctx: is_vararg2 },
-            ) => {
-                // Rules for Tuples:
-                // - ty1: is_vararg && ty2: is_vararg -> ty1[0] == ty2[0]
-                // - ty1: is_vararg && ty2: !is_vararg -> type error (not enough info to infer the correct number of arguments)
-                // - ty1: !is_vararg && ty2: is_vararg -> ty1[..] == ty2[0]
-                // - ty1: !is_vararg && ty2: !is_vararg -> ty1.len() == ty2.len() && ty1[i] == ty2[i]
-
-                debug_assert!(!is_vararg1 || ty1.len() == 1);
-                debug_assert!(!is_vararg2 || ty2.len() == 1);
-
-                match (*is_vararg1, *is_vararg2) {
-                    (true, true) => {
-                        if self.unify_impl(ty1[0], ty2[0], false).is_err() {
-                            return Self::incompatible_types(a, b);
-                        }
-                    }
-                    (true, false) => return Self::incompatible_types(a, b),
-
-                    (false, true) => {
-                        for y in ty2 {
-                            if self.unify_impl(ty1[0], *y, false).is_err() {
-                                return Self::incompatible_types(a, b);
-                            }
-                        }
-                    }
-                    (false, false) => {
+            (TTuple { ty: ty1 }, TTuple { ty: ty2 }) => {
                 if ty1.len() != ty2.len() {
-                            return Self::incompatible_types(a, b);
+                    return Err(TypeError::new(TypeErrorKind::IncompatibleTypes(a, b), None));
                 }
-
                 for (x, y) in ty1.iter().zip(ty2.iter()) {
                     if self.unify_impl(*x, *y, false).is_err() {
-                                return Self::incompatible_types(a, b);
+                        return Err(TypeError::new(TypeErrorKind::IncompatibleTypes(a, b), None));
                     }
                 }
-                    }
-                }
-
                 self.set_a_to_b(a, b);
             }
             (TVar { fields: Some(map), range, .. }, TObj { obj_id, fields, params }) => {
@@ -1383,23 +1307,11 @@ impl Unifier {
             TypeEnum::TLiteral { values, .. } => {
                 format!("const({})", values.iter().map(|v| format!("{v:?}")).join(", "))
             }
-            TypeEnum::TTuple { ty, is_vararg_ctx } => {
-                if *is_vararg_ctx {
-                    debug_assert_eq!(ty.len(), 1);
-                    let field = self.internal_stringify(
-                        *ty.iter().next().unwrap(),
-                        obj_to_name,
-                        var_to_name,
-                        notes,
-                    );
-                    format!("tuple[*{field}]")
-                } else {
-                    let mut fields = ty
-                        .iter()
-                        .map(|v| self.internal_stringify(*v, obj_to_name, var_to_name, notes));
+            TypeEnum::TTuple { ty } => {
+                let mut fields =
+                    ty.iter().map(|v| self.internal_stringify(*v, obj_to_name, var_to_name, notes));
                 format!("tuple[{}]", fields.join(", "))
             }
-            }
             TypeEnum::TVirtual { ty } => {
                 format!(
                     "virtual[{}]",
@@ -1423,21 +1335,17 @@ impl Unifier {
                     .args
                     .iter()
                     .map(|arg| {
-                        let vararg_prefix = if arg.is_vararg { "*" } else { "" };
-
                         if let Some(dv) = &arg.default_value {
                             format!(
-                                "{}:{}{}={}",
+                                "{}:{}={}",
                                 arg.name,
-                                vararg_prefix,
                                 self.internal_stringify(arg.ty, obj_to_name, var_to_name, notes),
                                 dv
                             )
                         } else {
                             format!(
-                                "{}:{}{}",
+                                "{}:{}",
                                 arg.name,
-                                vararg_prefix,
                                 self.internal_stringify(arg.ty, obj_to_name, var_to_name, notes)
                             )
                         }
@@ -1523,7 +1431,7 @@ impl Unifier {
         match &*ty {
             TypeEnum::TRigidVar { .. } | TypeEnum::TLiteral { .. } => None,
             TypeEnum::TVar { id, .. } => mapping.get(id).copied(),
-            TypeEnum::TTuple { ty, is_vararg_ctx } => {
+            TypeEnum::TTuple { ty } => {
                 let mut new_ty = Cow::from(ty);
                 for (i, t) in ty.iter().enumerate() {
                     if let Some(t1) = self.subst_impl(*t, mapping, cache) {
@@ -1531,10 +1439,7 @@ impl Unifier {
                     }
                 }
                 if matches!(new_ty, Cow::Owned(_)) {
-                    Some(self.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple {
-                        ty: new_ty.into_owned(),
-                        is_vararg_ctx: *is_vararg_ctx,
-                    }))
+                    Some(self.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: new_ty.into_owned() }))
                 } else {
                     None
                 }
@@ -1694,37 +1599,16 @@ impl Unifier {
                 }
             }
             (TVar { range, .. }, _) => self.check_var_compatibility(b, range).or(Err(())),
-            (
-                TTuple { ty: ty1, is_vararg_ctx: is_vararg1 },
-                TTuple { ty: ty2, is_vararg_ctx: is_vararg2 },
-            ) => {
-                if *is_vararg1 && *is_vararg2 {
-                    let isect_ty = self.get_intersection(ty1[0], ty2[0])?;
-                    Ok(isect_ty.map(|ty| self.add_ty(TTuple { ty: vec![ty], is_vararg_ctx: true })))
-                } else {
-                    let zip_iter: Box<dyn Iterator<Item = (&Type, &Type)>> =
-                        match (*is_vararg1, *is_vararg2) {
-                            (true, _) => Box::new(repeat_n(&ty1[0], ty2.len()).zip(ty2.iter())),
-                            (_, false) => Box::new(ty1.iter().zip(repeat_n(&ty2[0], ty1.len()))),
-                            _ => {
-                                if ty1.len() != ty2.len() {
-                                    return Err(());
-                                }
-
-                                Box::new(ty1.iter().zip(ty2.iter()))
-                            }
-                        };
-
-                    let ty: Vec<_> =
-                        zip_iter.map(|(a, b)| self.get_intersection(*a, *b)).try_collect()?;
-                    Ok(if ty.iter().any(Option::is_some) {
-                        Some(self.add_ty(TTuple {
+            (TTuple { ty: ty1 }, TTuple { ty: ty2 }) if ty1.len() == ty2.len() => {
+                let ty: Vec<_> = zip(ty1.iter(), ty2.iter())
+                    .map(|(a, b)| self.get_intersection(*a, *b))
+                    .try_collect()?;
+                if ty.iter().any(Option::is_some) {
+                    Ok(Some(self.add_ty(TTuple {
                         ty: zip(ty, ty1.iter()).map(|(a, b)| a.unwrap_or(*b)).collect(),
-                            is_vararg_ctx: false,
-                        }))
+                    })))
                 } else {
-                        None
-                    })
+                    Ok(None)
                 }
             }
             // TODO(Derppening): #444

nac3core/src/typecheck/typedef/test.rs

@@ -1,12 +1,10 @@
-use std::collections::HashMap;
-
+use super::super::magic_methods::with_fields;
+use super::*;
 use indoc::indoc;
 use itertools::Itertools;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
 use test_case::test_case;
 
-use super::*;
-use crate::typecheck::magic_methods::with_fields;
-
 impl Unifier {
     /// Check whether two types are equal.
     fn eq(&mut self, a: Type, b: Type) -> bool {
@@ -30,10 +28,7 @@ impl Unifier {
                 TypeEnum::TVar { fields: Some(map1), .. },
                 TypeEnum::TVar { fields: Some(map2), .. },
             ) => self.map_eq2(map1, map2),
-            (
-                TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: ty1, is_vararg_ctx: false },
-                TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: ty2, is_vararg_ctx: false },
-            ) => {
+            (TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: ty1 }, TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: ty2 }) => {
                 ty1.len() == ty2.len()
                     && ty1.iter().zip(ty2.iter()).all(|(t1, t2)| self.eq(*t1, *t2))
             }
@@ -183,7 +178,7 @@ impl TestEnvironment {
                     ty.push(result.0);
                     s = result.1;
                 }
-                (self.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty, is_vararg_ctx: false }), &s[1..])
+                (self.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty }), &s[1..])
             }
             "Record" => {
                 let mut s = &typ[end..];
@@ -613,7 +608,7 @@ fn test_instantiation() {
     let v1 = env.unifier.get_fresh_var_with_range(&[list_v, int], None, None).ty;
     let v2 = env.unifier.get_fresh_var_with_range(&[list_int, float], None, None).ty;
     let t = env.unifier.get_dummy_var().ty;
-    let tuple = env.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: vec![v, v1, v2], is_vararg_ctx: false });
+    let tuple = env.unifier.add_ty(TypeEnum::TTuple { ty: vec![v, v1, v2] });
     let v3 = env.unifier.get_fresh_var_with_range(&[tuple, t], None, None).ty;
     // t = TypeVar('t')
     // v = TypeVar('v', int, bool)

nac3ld/src/dwarf.rs

@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ impl<'a> EH_Frame<'a> {
 /// From the [specification](https://refspecs.linuxfoundation.org/LSB_5.0.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/ehframechpt.html):
 ///
 /// > Each CFI record contains a Common Information Entry (CIE) record followed by 1 or more Frame
-/// > Description Entry (FDE) records.
+/// Description Entry (FDE) records.
 pub struct CFI_Record<'a> {
     // It refers to the augmentation data that corresponds to 'R' in the augmentation string
     fde_pointer_encoding: u8,

nac3ld/src/lib.rs

@@ -21,12 +21,13 @@
     clippy::wildcard_imports
 )]
 
-use std::{collections::HashMap, mem, ptr, slice, str};
-
-use byteorder::{ByteOrder, LittleEndian};
-
 use dwarf::*;
 use elf::*;
+use std::collections::HashMap;
+use std::{mem, ptr, slice, str};
+
+extern crate byteorder;
+use byteorder::{ByteOrder, LittleEndian};
 
 mod dwarf;
 mod elf;

nac3parser/Cargo.toml

@@ -8,15 +8,15 @@ license = "MIT"
 edition = "2021"
 
 [build-dependencies]
-lalrpop = "0.22"
+lalrpop = "0.20"
 
 [dependencies]
 nac3ast = { path = "../nac3ast" }
-lalrpop-util = "0.22"
+lalrpop-util = "0.20"
 log = "0.4"
 unic-emoji-char = "0.9"
 unic-ucd-ident  = "0.9"
-unicode_names2 = "1.3"
+unicode_names2 = "1.2"
 phf = { version = "0.11", features = ["macros"] }
 ahash = "0.8"
 

nac3parser/src/config_comment_helper.rs

@@ -1,10 +1,8 @@
-use crate::{
-    ast::{Ident, Location},
-    error::*,
-    token::Tok,
-};
+use crate::ast::Ident;
+use crate::ast::Location;
+use crate::error::*;
+use crate::token::Tok;
 use lalrpop_util::ParseError;
-
 use nac3ast::*;
 
 pub fn make_config_comment(

nac3parser/src/error.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
 //! Define internal parse error types
 //! The goal is to provide a matching and a safe error API, maksing errors from LALR
-use std::error::Error;
-use std::fmt;
-
 use lalrpop_util::ParseError as LalrpopError;
 
-use crate::{ast::Location, token::Tok};
+use crate::ast::Location;
+use crate::token::Tok;
+
+use std::error::Error;
+use std::fmt;
 
 /// Represents an error during lexical scanning.
 #[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]

nac3parser/src/fstring.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,12 @@
-use std::{iter, mem, str};
+use std::iter;
+use std::mem;
+use std::str;
+
+use crate::ast::{Constant, ConversionFlag, Expr, ExprKind, Location};
+use crate::error::{FStringError, FStringErrorType, ParseError};
+use crate::parser::parse_expression;
 
 use self::FStringErrorType::*;
-use crate::{
-    ast::{Constant, ConversionFlag, Expr, ExprKind, Location},
-    error::{FStringError, FStringErrorType, ParseError},
-    parser::parse_expression,
-};
 
 struct FStringParser<'a> {
     chars: iter::Peekable<str::Chars<'a>>,

nac3parser/src/function.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,8 @@
+use ahash::RandomState;
 use std::collections::HashSet;
 
-use ahash::RandomState;
-
-use crate::{
-    ast,
-    error::{LexicalError, LexicalErrorType},
-};
+use crate::ast;
+use crate::error::{LexicalError, LexicalErrorType};
 
 pub struct ArgumentList {
     pub args: Vec<ast::Expr>,

nac3parser/src/lexer.rs

@@ -1,16 +1,16 @@
 //! This module takes care of lexing python source text.
 //!
 //! This means source code is translated into separate tokens.
-use std::{char, cmp::Ordering, num::IntErrorKind, str::FromStr};
-
-use unic_emoji_char::is_emoji_presentation;
-use unic_ucd_ident::{is_xid_continue, is_xid_start};
 
 pub use super::token::Tok;
-use crate::{
-    ast::{FileName, Location},
-    error::{LexicalError, LexicalErrorType},
-};
+use crate::ast::{FileName, Location};
+use crate::error::{LexicalError, LexicalErrorType};
+use std::char;
+use std::cmp::Ordering;
+use std::num::IntErrorKind;
+use std::str::FromStr;
+use unic_emoji_char::is_emoji_presentation;
+use unic_ucd_ident::{is_xid_continue, is_xid_start};
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Debug, Default)]
 struct IndentationLevel {

nac3parser/src/parser.rs

@@ -5,16 +5,14 @@
 //! parse a whole program, a single statement, or a single
 //! expression.
 
+use nac3ast::Location;
 use std::iter;
 
-use nac3ast::Location;
-
+use crate::ast::{self, FileName};
+use crate::error::ParseError;
+use crate::lexer;
 pub use crate::mode::Mode;
-use crate::{
-    ast::{self, FileName},
-    error::ParseError,
-    lexer, python,
-};
+use crate::python;
 
 /*
  * Parse python code.

nac3parser/src/token.rs

@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 //! Different token definitions.
 //! Loosely based on token.h from CPython source:
-use std::fmt::{self, Write};
-
 use crate::ast;
+use std::fmt::{self, Write};
 
 /// Python source code can be tokenized in a sequence of these tokens.
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq)]

nac3standalone/Cargo.toml

@@ -5,12 +5,18 @@ authors = ["M-Labs"]
 edition = "2021"
 
 [features]
-no-escape-analysis = ["nac3core/no-escape-analysis"]
+tracing = ["nac3core/tracing"]
 
 [dependencies]
 parking_lot = "0.12"
+nac3parser = { path = "../nac3parser" }
 nac3core = { path = "../nac3core" }
 
 [dependencies.clap]
 version = "4.5"
 features = ["derive"]
+
+[dependencies.inkwell]
+version = "0.4"
+default-features = false
+features = ["llvm14-0", "target-x86", "target-arm", "target-riscv", "no-libffi-linking"]

nac3standalone/demo/check_demo.sh

@@ -3,66 +3,23 @@
 set -e
 
 if [ -z "$1" ]; then
-    echo "No argument supplied"
+  echo "Requires at least one argument"
   exit 1
 fi
 
 declare -a nac3args
-while [ $# -gt 1 ]; do
-  case "$1" in
-    --help)
-      echo "Usage: check_demo.sh [--debug] [-i686] -- [NAC3ARGS...] demo"
-      exit
-      ;;
-    --debug)
-      debug=1
-      ;;
-    -i686)
-      i686=1
-      ;;
-    --)
-      shift
-      break
-      ;;
-    *)
-      echo "Unrecognized argument \"$1\""
-      exit 1
-      ;;
-  esac
-  shift
-done
-
 while [ $# -gt 1 ]; do
   nac3args+=("$1")
   shift
 done
 demo="$1"
 
-
-echo "### Checking $demo..."
-
-echo ">>>>>> Running $demo with the Python interpreter"
+echo -n "Checking $demo... "
 ./interpret_demo.py "$demo" > interpreted.log
+./run_demo.sh --out run.log "${nac3args[@]}" "$demo"
+./run_demo.sh --lli --out run_lli.log "${nac3args[@]}" "$demo"
+diff -Nau interpreted.log run.log
+diff -Nau interpreted.log run_lli.log
+echo "ok"
 
-if [ -n "$i686" ]; then
-  echo "...... Trying NAC3's 32-bit code generator output"
-  if [ -n "$debug" ]; then
-    ./run_demo.sh --debug -i686 --out run_32.log -- "${nac3args[@]}" "$demo"
-  else
-    ./run_demo.sh -i686 --out run_32.log -- "${nac3args[@]}" "$demo"
-  fi
-  diff -Nau interpreted.log run_32.log
-fi
-
-echo "...... Trying NAC3's 64-bit code generator output"
-if [ -n "$debug" ]; then
-  ./run_demo.sh --debug --out run_64.log -- "${nac3args[@]}" "$demo"
-else
-  ./run_demo.sh --out run_64.log -- "${nac3args[@]}" "$demo"
-fi
-diff -Nau interpreted.log run_64.log
-
-echo "...... OK"
-
-rm -f interpreted.log \
-  run_32.log run_64.log
+rm -f interpreted.log run.log run_lli.log

nac3standalone/demo/check_demos.sh

@@ -2,11 +2,6 @@
 
 set -e
 
-if [ "$1" == "--help" ]; then
-    echo "Usage: check_demos.sh [CHECKARGS...] [--] [NAC3ARGS...]"
-    exit
-fi
-
 count=0
 for demo in src/*.py; do
   ./check_demo.sh "$@" "$demo"

nac3standalone/demo/demo.c

@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <string.h>
 
+#define usize size_t
+
 double dbl_nan(void) {
   return NAN;
 }
@@ -19,19 +21,19 @@ void output_bool(bool x) {
 }
 
 void output_int32(int32_t x) {
-    printf("%" PRId32 "\n", x);
+    printf("%"PRId32"\n", x);
 }
 
 void output_int64(int64_t x) {
-    printf("%" PRId64 "\n", x);
+    printf("%"PRId64"\n", x);
 }
 
 void output_uint32(uint32_t x) {
-    printf("%" PRIu32 "\n", x);
+    printf("%"PRIu32"\n", x);
 }
 
 void output_uint64(uint64_t x) {
-    printf("%" PRIu64 "\n", x);
+    printf("%"PRIu64"\n", x);
 }
 
 void output_float64(double x) {
@@ -44,7 +46,10 @@ void output_float64(double x) {
 
 void output_range(int32_t range[3]) {
     printf("range(");
-    printf("%d, %d", range[0], range[1]);
+    if (range[0] != 0) {
+        printf("%d, ", range[0]);
+    }
+    printf("%d", range[1]);
     if (range[2] != 1) {
         printf(", %d", range[2]);
     }
@@ -52,7 +57,7 @@ void output_range(int32_t range[3]) {
 }
 
 void output_asciiart(int32_t x) {
-    static const char* chars = " .,-:;i+hHM$*#@    ";
+    static const char *chars = " .,-:;i+hHM$*#@    ";
     if (x < 0) {
         putchar('\n');
     } else {
@@ -61,15 +66,15 @@ void output_asciiart(int32_t x) {
 }
 
 struct cslice {
-    void* data;
-    size_t len;
+    void *data;
+    usize len;
 };
 
-void output_int32_list(struct cslice* slice) {
-    const int32_t* data = (int32_t*)slice->data;
+void output_int32_list(const struct cslice *slice) {
+    const int32_t *data = (int32_t *) slice->data;
 
     putchar('[');
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < slice->len; ++i) {
+    for (usize i = 0; i < slice->len; ++i) {
         if (i == slice->len - 1) {
             printf("%d", data[i]);
         } else {
@@ -80,23 +85,23 @@ void output_int32_list(struct cslice* slice) {
     putchar('\n');
 }
 
-void output_str(struct cslice* slice) {
-    const char* data = (const char*)slice->data;
+void output_str(const struct cslice *slice) {
+    const char *data = (const char *) slice->data;
 
-    for (size_t i = 0; i < slice->len; ++i) {
+    for (usize i = 0; i < slice->len; ++i) {
         putchar(data[i]);
     }
 }
 
-void output_strln(struct cslice* slice) {
+void output_strln(const struct cslice *slice) {
     output_str(slice);
     putchar('\n');
 }
 
-uint64_t dbg_stack_address(__attribute__((unused)) struct cslice* slice) {
+uint64_t dbg_stack_address(__attribute__((unused)) const struct cslice *slice) {
     int i;
-    void* ptr = (void*)&i;
-    return (uintptr_t)ptr;
+    void *ptr = (void *) &i;
+    return (uintptr_t) ptr;
 }
 
 uint32_t __nac3_personality(uint32_t state, uint32_t exception_object, uint32_t context) {
@@ -105,26 +110,34 @@ uint32_t __nac3_personality(uint32_t state, uint32_t exception_object, uint32_t
     __builtin_unreachable();
 }
 
-// See `struct Exception<'a>` in
-// https://github.com/m-labs/artiq/blob/master/artiq/firmware/libeh/eh_artiq.rs
-struct Exception {
-    uint32_t id;
+struct exception {
+    uint32_t name;
     struct cslice file;
     uint32_t line;
-    uint32_t column;
-    struct cslice function;
+    uint32_t col;
+    struct cslice func;
     struct cslice message;
-    int64_t param[3];
+    uint64_t param0;
+    uint64_t param1;
+    uint64_t param2;
 };
 
-uint32_t __nac3_raise(struct Exception* e) {
-    printf("__nac3_raise called. Exception details:\n");
-    printf("          ID: %" PRIu32 "\n", e->id);
-    printf("    Location: %*s:%" PRIu32 ":%" PRIu32 "\n", (int)e->file.len, (const char*)e->file.data, e->line,
-           e->column);
-    printf("    Function: %*s\n", (int)e->function.len, (const char*)e->function.data);
-    printf("     Message: \"%*s\"\n", (int)e->message.len, (const char*)e->message.data);
-    printf("      Params: {0}=%" PRId64 ", {1}=%" PRId64 ", {2}=%" PRId64 "\n", e->param[0], e->param[1], e->param[2]);
+void output_exception(const struct exception *ex) {
+    fputs("exception { location: ", stdout);
+    output_str(&ex->file);
+    printf(":%u:%u, func: ", ex->line, ex->col);
+    output_str(&ex->func);
+    fputs(", message: ", stdout);
+    output_str(&ex->message);
+    printf(", params: [%lu, %lu, %lu] }\n", ex->param0, ex->param1, ex->param2);
+}
+
+uint32_t __nac3_raise(uint32_t state, uint32_t exception_object, uint32_t context) {
+    printf("__nac3_raise(state: %#10x, exception_object: %#10x, context: %#10x)\n", state, exception_object, context);
+
+    struct exception *ex = (struct exception *)((0x7ffffffful << 16) | state);
+    output_exception(ex);
+
     exit(101);
     __builtin_unreachable();
 }

nac3standalone/demo/interpret_demo.py

@@ -6,7 +6,6 @@ import importlib.machinery
 import math
 import numpy as np
 import numpy.typing as npt
-import scipy as sp
 import pathlib
 
 from numpy import int32, int64, uint32, uint64
@@ -134,7 +133,6 @@ def patch(module):
             "output_uint32",
             "output_uint64",
             "output_strln",
-            "output_range",
         }:
             return print
         elif name == "dbg_stack_address":
@@ -168,7 +166,7 @@ def patch(module):
     module.ceil64 = _ceil
     module.np_ceil = np.ceil
 
-    # NumPy NDArray factory functions
+    # NumPy ndarray functions
     module.ndarray = NDArray
     module.np_ndarray = np.ndarray
     module.np_empty = np.empty
@@ -184,10 +182,8 @@ def patch(module):
     module.np_isinf = np.isinf
     module.np_min = np.min
     module.np_minimum = np.minimum
-    module.np_argmin = np.argmin
     module.np_max = np.max
     module.np_maximum = np.maximum
-    module.np_argmax = np.argmax
     module.np_sin = np.sin
     module.np_cos = np.cos
     module.np_exp = np.exp
@@ -218,10 +214,8 @@ def patch(module):
     module.np_ldexp = np.ldexp
     module.np_hypot = np.hypot
     module.np_nextafter = np.nextafter
-    module.np_transpose = np.transpose
-    module.np_reshape = np.reshape
 
-    # SciPy Math functions
+    # SciPy Math Functions
     module.sp_spec_erf = special.erf
     module.sp_spec_erfc = special.erfc
     module.sp_spec_gamma = special.gamma
@@ -229,19 +223,14 @@ def patch(module):
     module.sp_spec_j0 = special.j0
     module.sp_spec_j1 = special.j1
 
-    # Linalg functions
-    module.np_dot = np.dot
-    module.np_linalg_cholesky = np.linalg.cholesky
-    module.np_linalg_qr = np.linalg.qr
-    module.np_linalg_svd = np.linalg.svd
-    module.np_linalg_inv = np.linalg.inv
-    module.np_linalg_pinv = np.linalg.pinv
-    module.np_linalg_matrix_power = np.linalg.matrix_power
-    module.np_linalg_det = np.linalg.det
-    
-    module.sp_linalg_lu = lambda x: sp.linalg.lu(x, True)
-    module.sp_linalg_schur = sp.linalg.schur
-    module.sp_linalg_hessenberg = lambda x: sp.linalg.hessenberg(x, True)
+    # NumPy NDArray Functions
+    module.np_ndarray = np.ndarray
+    module.np_empty = np.empty
+    module.np_zeros = np.zeros
+    module.np_ones = np.ones
+    module.np_full = np.full
+    module.np_eye = np.eye
+    module.np_identity = np.identity
 
 def file_import(filename, prefix="file_import_"):
     filename = pathlib.Path(filename)

nac3standalone/demo/linalg/Cargo.lock

@@ -1,114 +0,0 @@
-# This file is automatically @generated by Cargo.
-# It is not intended for manual editing.
-version = 3
-
-[[package]]
-name = "approx"
-version = "0.5.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "cab112f0a86d568ea0e627cc1d6be74a1e9cd55214684db5561995f6dad897c6"
-dependencies = [
- "num-traits",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "autocfg"
-version = "1.3.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0c4b4d0bd25bd0b74681c0ad21497610ce1b7c91b1022cd21c80c6fbdd9476b0"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "cslice"
-version = "0.3.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0f8cb7306107e4b10e64994de6d3274bd08996a7c1322a27b86482392f96be0a"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "libm"
-version = "0.2.8"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "4ec2a862134d2a7d32d7983ddcdd1c4923530833c9f2ea1a44fc5fa473989058"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "linalg"
-version = "0.1.0"
-dependencies = [
- "cslice",
- "nalgebra",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "nalgebra"
-version = "0.32.6"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7b5c17de023a86f59ed79891b2e5d5a94c705dbe904a5b5c9c952ea6221b03e4"
-dependencies = [
- "approx",
- "num-complex",
- "num-rational",
- "num-traits",
- "simba",
- "typenum",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "num-complex"
-version = "0.4.6"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "73f88a1307638156682bada9d7604135552957b7818057dcef22705b4d509495"
-dependencies = [
- "num-traits",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "num-integer"
-version = "0.1.46"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "7969661fd2958a5cb096e56c8e1ad0444ac2bbcd0061bd28660485a44879858f"
-dependencies = [
- "num-traits",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "num-rational"
-version = "0.4.2"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "f83d14da390562dca69fc84082e73e548e1ad308d24accdedd2720017cb37824"
-dependencies = [
- "num-integer",
- "num-traits",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "num-traits"
-version = "0.2.19"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "071dfc062690e90b734c0b2273ce72ad0ffa95f0c74596bc250dcfd960262841"
-dependencies = [
- "autocfg",
- "libm",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "paste"
-version = "1.0.15"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "57c0d7b74b563b49d38dae00a0c37d4d6de9b432382b2892f0574ddcae73fd0a"
-
-[[package]]
-name = "simba"
-version = "0.8.1"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "061507c94fc6ab4ba1c9a0305018408e312e17c041eb63bef8aa726fa33aceae"
-dependencies = [
- "approx",
- "num-complex",
- "num-traits",
- "paste",
-]
-
-[[package]]
-name = "typenum"
-version = "1.17.0"
-source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "42ff0bf0c66b8238c6f3b578df37d0b7848e55df8577b3f74f92a69acceeb825"

nac3standalone/demo/linalg/Cargo.toml

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
-[package]
-name = "linalg"
-version = "0.1.0"
-edition = "2021"
-
-[lib]
-crate-type = ["staticlib"]
-
-[dependencies]
-nalgebra = {version = "0.32.6", default-features = false, features = ["libm", "alloc"]}
-cslice = "0.3.0"
-
-[workspace]

nac3standalone/demo/linalg/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,406 +0,0 @@
-// Uses `nalgebra` crate to invoke `np_linalg` and `sp_linalg` functions
-// When converting between `nalgebra::Matrix` and `NDArray` following considerations are necessary
-//
-// * Both `nalgebra::Matrix` and `NDArray` require their content to be stored in row-major order
-// * `NDArray` data pointer can be directly read and converted to `nalgebra::Matrix` (row and column number must be known)
-// * `nalgebra::Matrix::as_slice` returns the content of matrix in column-major order and initial data needs to be transposed before storing it in `NDArray` data pointer
-
-use core::slice;
-use nalgebra::DMatrix;
-
-fn report_error(
-    error_name: &str,
-    fn_name: &str,
-    file_name: &str,
-    line_num: u32,
-    col_num: u32,
-    err_msg: &str,
-) -> ! {
-    panic!(
-        "Exception {} from {} in {}:{}:{}, message: {}",
-        error_name, fn_name, file_name, line_num, col_num, err_msg
-    );
-}
-
-pub struct InputMatrix {
-    pub ndims: usize,
-    pub dims: *const usize,
-    pub data: *mut f64,
-}
-impl InputMatrix {
-    fn get_dims(&mut self) -> Vec<usize> {
-        let dims = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts(self.dims, self.ndims) };
-        dims.to_vec()
-    }
-}
-
-/// # Safety
-///
-/// `mat1` should point to a valid 2DArray of `f64` floats in row-major order
-#[no_mangle]
-pub unsafe extern "C" fn np_linalg_cholesky(mat1: *mut InputMatrix, out: *mut InputMatrix) {
-    let mat1 = mat1.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let out = out.as_mut().unwrap();
-
-    if mat1.ndims != 2 {
-        let err_msg = format!("expected 2D Vector Input, but received {}D input", mat1.ndims);
-        report_error("ValueError", "np_linalg_cholesky", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-
-    let dim1 = (*mat1).get_dims();
-    if dim1[0] != dim1[1] {
-        let err_msg =
-            format!("last 2 dimensions of the array must be square: {0} != {1}", dim1[0], dim1[1]);
-        report_error("LinAlgError", "np_linalg_cholesky", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-
-    let outdim = out.get_dims();
-    let out_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(out.data, outdim[0] * outdim[1]) };
-    let data_slice1 = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(mat1.data, dim1[0] * dim1[1]) };
-
-    let matrix1 = DMatrix::from_row_slice(dim1[0], dim1[1], data_slice1);
-    let result = matrix1.cholesky();
-    match result {
-        Some(res) => {
-            out_slice.copy_from_slice(res.unpack().transpose().as_slice());
-        }
-        None => {
-            report_error(
-                "LinAlgError",
-                "np_linalg_cholesky",
-                file!(),
-                line!(),
-                column!(),
-                "Matrix is not positive definite",
-            );
-        }
-    };
-}
-
-/// # Safety
-///
-/// `mat1` should point to a valid 2DArray of `f64` floats in row-major order
-#[no_mangle]
-pub unsafe extern "C" fn np_linalg_qr(
-    mat1: *mut InputMatrix,
-    out_q: *mut InputMatrix,
-    out_r: *mut InputMatrix,
-) {
-    let mat1 = mat1.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let out_q = out_q.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let out_r = out_r.as_mut().unwrap();
-
-    if mat1.ndims != 2 {
-        let err_msg = format!("expected 2D Vector Input, but received {}D input", mat1.ndims);
-        report_error("ValueError", "np_linalg_cholesky", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-
-    let dim1 = (*mat1).get_dims();
-    let outq_dim = (*out_q).get_dims();
-    let outr_dim = (*out_r).get_dims();
-
-    let data_slice1 = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(mat1.data, dim1[0] * dim1[1]) };
-    let out_q_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(out_q.data, outq_dim[0] * outq_dim[1]) };
-    let out_r_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(out_r.data, outr_dim[0] * outr_dim[1]) };
-
-    // Refer to https://github.com/dimforge/nalgebra/issues/735
-    let matrix1 = DMatrix::from_row_slice(dim1[0], dim1[1], data_slice1);
-
-    let res = matrix1.qr();
-    let (q, r) = res.unpack();
-
-    // Uses different algo need to match numpy
-    out_q_slice.copy_from_slice(q.transpose().as_slice());
-    out_r_slice.copy_from_slice(r.transpose().as_slice());
-}
-
-/// # Safety
-///
-/// `mat1` should point to a valid 2DArray of `f64` floats in row-major order
-#[no_mangle]
-pub unsafe extern "C" fn np_linalg_svd(
-    mat1: *mut InputMatrix,
-    outu: *mut InputMatrix,
-    outs: *mut InputMatrix,
-    outvh: *mut InputMatrix,
-) {
-    let mat1 = mat1.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let outu = outu.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let outs = outs.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let outvh = outvh.as_mut().unwrap();
-
-    if mat1.ndims != 2 {
-        let err_msg = format!("expected 2D Vector Input, but received {}D input", mat1.ndims);
-        report_error("ValueError", "np_linalg_svd", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-
-    let dim1 = (*mat1).get_dims();
-    let outu_dim = (*outu).get_dims();
-    let outs_dim = (*outs).get_dims();
-    let outvh_dim = (*outvh).get_dims();
-
-    let data_slice1 = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(mat1.data, dim1[0] * dim1[1]) };
-    let out_u_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(outu.data, outu_dim[0] * outu_dim[1]) };
-    let out_s_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(outs.data, outs_dim[0]) };
-    let out_vh_slice =
-        unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(outvh.data, outvh_dim[0] * outvh_dim[1]) };
-
-    let matrix = DMatrix::from_row_slice(dim1[0], dim1[1], data_slice1);
-    let result = matrix.svd(true, true);
-    out_u_slice.copy_from_slice(result.u.unwrap().transpose().as_slice());
-    out_s_slice.copy_from_slice(result.singular_values.as_slice());
-    out_vh_slice.copy_from_slice(result.v_t.unwrap().transpose().as_slice());
-}
-
-/// # Safety
-///
-/// `mat1` should point to a valid 2DArray of `f64` floats in row-major order
-#[no_mangle]
-pub unsafe extern "C" fn np_linalg_inv(mat1: *mut InputMatrix, out: *mut InputMatrix) {
-    let mat1 = mat1.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let out = out.as_mut().unwrap();
-
-    if mat1.ndims != 2 {
-        let err_msg = format!("expected 2D Vector Input, but received {}D input", mat1.ndims);
-        report_error("ValueError", "np_linalg_inv", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-    let dim1 = (*mat1).get_dims();
-
-    if dim1[0] != dim1[1] {
-        let err_msg =
-            format!("last 2 dimensions of the array must be square: {0} != {1}", dim1[0], dim1[1]);
-        report_error("LinAlgError", "np_linalg_inv", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-
-    let outdim = out.get_dims();
-    let out_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(out.data, outdim[0] * outdim[1]) };
-    let data_slice1 = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(mat1.data, dim1[0] * dim1[1]) };
-
-    let matrix = DMatrix::from_row_slice(dim1[0], dim1[1], data_slice1);
-    if !matrix.is_invertible() {
-        report_error(
-            "LinAlgError",
-            "np_linalg_inv",
-            file!(),
-            line!(),
-            column!(),
-            "no inverse for Singular Matrix",
-        );
-    }
-    let inv = matrix.try_inverse().unwrap();
-    out_slice.copy_from_slice(inv.transpose().as_slice());
-}
-
-/// # Safety
-///
-/// `mat1` should point to a valid 2DArray of `f64` floats in row-major order
-#[no_mangle]
-pub unsafe extern "C" fn np_linalg_pinv(mat1: *mut InputMatrix, out: *mut InputMatrix) {
-    let mat1 = mat1.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let out = out.as_mut().unwrap();
-
-    if mat1.ndims != 2 {
-        let err_msg = format!("expected 2D Vector Input, but received {}D input", mat1.ndims);
-        report_error("ValueError", "np_linalg_pinv", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-    let dim1 = (*mat1).get_dims();
-    let outdim = out.get_dims();
-    let out_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(out.data, outdim[0] * outdim[1]) };
-    let data_slice1 = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(mat1.data, dim1[0] * dim1[1]) };
-
-    let matrix = DMatrix::from_row_slice(dim1[0], dim1[1], data_slice1);
-    let svd = matrix.svd(true, true);
-    let inv = svd.pseudo_inverse(1e-15);
-
-    match inv {
-        Ok(m) => {
-            out_slice.copy_from_slice(m.transpose().as_slice());
-        }
-        Err(err_msg) => {
-            report_error("LinAlgError", "np_linalg_pinv", file!(), line!(), column!(), err_msg);
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// # Safety
-///
-/// `mat1` should point to a valid 2DArray of `f64` floats in row-major order
-#[no_mangle]
-pub unsafe extern "C" fn np_linalg_matrix_power(
-    mat1: *mut InputMatrix,
-    mat2: *mut InputMatrix,
-    out: *mut InputMatrix,
-) {
-    let mat1 = mat1.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let mat2 = mat2.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let out = out.as_mut().unwrap();
-
-    if mat1.ndims != 2 {
-        let err_msg = format!("expected 2D Vector Input, but received {}D", mat1.ndims);
-        report_error("ValueError", "np_linalg_matrix_power", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-
-    let dim1 = (*mat1).get_dims();
-    let power = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(mat2.data, 1) };
-    let power = power[0];
-    let outdim = out.get_dims();
-    let out_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(out.data, outdim[0] * outdim[1]) };
-    let data_slice1 = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(mat1.data, dim1[0] * dim1[1]) };
-
-    let abs_pow = power.abs();
-    let matrix1 = DMatrix::from_row_slice(dim1[0], dim1[1], data_slice1);
-    let mut result = matrix1.pow(abs_pow as u32);
-
-    if power < 0.0 {
-        if !result.is_invertible() {
-            report_error(
-                "LinAlgError",
-                "np_linalg_inv",
-                file!(),
-                line!(),
-                column!(),
-                "no inverse for Singular Matrix",
-            );
-        }
-        result = result.try_inverse().unwrap();
-    }
-    out_slice.copy_from_slice(result.transpose().as_slice());
-}
-
-/// # Safety
-///
-/// `mat1` should point to a valid 2DArray of `f64` floats in row-major order
-#[no_mangle]
-pub unsafe extern "C" fn np_linalg_det(mat1: *mut InputMatrix, out: *mut InputMatrix) {
-    let mat1 = mat1.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let out = out.as_mut().unwrap();
-
-    if mat1.ndims != 2 {
-        let err_msg = format!("expected 2D Vector Input, but received {}D input", mat1.ndims);
-        report_error("ValueError", "np_linalg_det", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-    let dim1 = (*mat1).get_dims();
-    let out_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(out.data, 1) };
-    let data_slice1 = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(mat1.data, dim1[0] * dim1[1]) };
-
-    let matrix = DMatrix::from_row_slice(dim1[0], dim1[1], data_slice1);
-    if !matrix.is_square() {
-        let err_msg =
-            format!("last 2 dimensions of the array must be square: {0} != {1}", dim1[0], dim1[1]);
-        report_error("LinAlgError", "np_linalg_inv", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-    out_slice[0] = matrix.determinant();
-}
-
-/// # Safety
-///
-/// `mat1` should point to a valid 2DArray of `f64` floats in row-major order
-#[no_mangle]
-pub unsafe extern "C" fn sp_linalg_lu(
-    mat1: *mut InputMatrix,
-    out_l: *mut InputMatrix,
-    out_u: *mut InputMatrix,
-) {
-    let mat1 = mat1.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let out_l = out_l.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let out_u = out_u.as_mut().unwrap();
-
-    if mat1.ndims != 2 {
-        let err_msg = format!("expected 2D Vector Input, but received {}D input", mat1.ndims);
-        report_error("ValueError", "sp_linalg_lu", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-
-    let dim1 = (*mat1).get_dims();
-    let outl_dim = (*out_l).get_dims();
-    let outu_dim = (*out_u).get_dims();
-
-    let data_slice1 = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(mat1.data, dim1[0] * dim1[1]) };
-    let out_l_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(out_l.data, outl_dim[0] * outl_dim[1]) };
-    let out_u_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(out_u.data, outu_dim[0] * outu_dim[1]) };
-
-    let matrix = DMatrix::from_row_slice(dim1[0], dim1[1], data_slice1);
-    let (_, l, u) = matrix.lu().unpack();
-
-    out_l_slice.copy_from_slice(l.transpose().as_slice());
-    out_u_slice.copy_from_slice(u.transpose().as_slice());
-}
-
-/// # Safety
-///
-/// `mat1` should point to a valid 2DArray of `f64` floats in row-major order
-#[no_mangle]
-pub unsafe extern "C" fn sp_linalg_schur(
-    mat1: *mut InputMatrix,
-    out_t: *mut InputMatrix,
-    out_z: *mut InputMatrix,
-) {
-    let mat1 = mat1.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let out_t = out_t.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let out_z = out_z.as_mut().unwrap();
-
-    if mat1.ndims != 2 {
-        let err_msg = format!("expected 2D Vector Input, but received {}D input", mat1.ndims);
-        report_error("ValueError", "sp_linalg_schur", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-
-    let dim1 = (*mat1).get_dims();
-
-    if dim1[0] != dim1[1] {
-        let err_msg =
-            format!("last 2 dimensions of the array must be square: {0} != {1}", dim1[0], dim1[1]);
-        report_error("LinAlgError", "np_linalg_schur", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-
-    let out_t_dim = (*out_t).get_dims();
-    let out_z_dim = (*out_z).get_dims();
-
-    let data_slice1 = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(mat1.data, dim1[0] * dim1[1]) };
-    let out_t_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(out_t.data, out_t_dim[0] * out_t_dim[1]) };
-    let out_z_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(out_z.data, out_z_dim[0] * out_z_dim[1]) };
-
-    let matrix = DMatrix::from_row_slice(dim1[0], dim1[1], data_slice1);
-    let (z, t) = matrix.schur().unpack();
-
-    out_t_slice.copy_from_slice(t.transpose().as_slice());
-    out_z_slice.copy_from_slice(z.transpose().as_slice());
-}
-
-/// # Safety
-///
-/// `mat1` should point to a valid 2DArray of `f64` floats in row-major order
-#[no_mangle]
-pub unsafe extern "C" fn sp_linalg_hessenberg(
-    mat1: *mut InputMatrix,
-    out_h: *mut InputMatrix,
-    out_q: *mut InputMatrix,
-) {
-    let mat1 = mat1.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let out_h = out_h.as_mut().unwrap();
-    let out_q = out_q.as_mut().unwrap();
-
-    if mat1.ndims != 2 {
-        let err_msg = format!("expected 2D Vector Input, but received {}D input", mat1.ndims);
-        report_error("ValueError", "sp_linalg_hessenberg", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-
-    let dim1 = (*mat1).get_dims();
-
-    if dim1[0] != dim1[1] {
-        let err_msg =
-            format!("last 2 dimensions of the array must be square: {} != {}", dim1[0], dim1[1]);
-        report_error("LinAlgError", "sp_linalg_hessenberg", file!(), line!(), column!(), &err_msg);
-    }
-
-    let out_h_dim = (*out_h).get_dims();
-    let out_q_dim = (*out_q).get_dims();
-
-    let data_slice1 = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(mat1.data, dim1[0] * dim1[1]) };
-    let out_h_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(out_h.data, out_h_dim[0] * out_h_dim[1]) };
-    let out_q_slice = unsafe { slice::from_raw_parts_mut(out_q.data, out_q_dim[0] * out_q_dim[1]) };
-
-    let matrix = DMatrix::from_row_slice(dim1[0], dim1[1], data_slice1);
-    let (q, h) = matrix.hessenberg().unpack();
-
-    out_h_slice.copy_from_slice(h.transpose().as_slice());
-    out_q_slice.copy_from_slice(q.transpose().as_slice());
-}

nac3standalone/demo/run_demo.sh

@@ -2,9 +2,6 @@
 
 set -e
 
-: "${DEMO_LINALG_STUB:=linalg/target/release/liblinalg.a}"
-: "${DEMO_LINALG_STUB32:=linalg/target/i686-unknown-linux-gnu/release/liblinalg.a}"
-
 if [ -z "$1" ]; then
     echo "No argument supplied"
     exit 1
@@ -14,26 +11,25 @@ declare -a nac3args
 while [ $# -ge 1 ]; do
   case "$1" in
     --help)
-      echo "Usage: run_demo.sh [--help] [--out OUTFILE] [--debug] [-i686] -- [NAC3ARGS...] demo"
+      echo "Usage: run_demo.sh [--help] [--out OUTFILE] [--lli] [--debug] -- [NAC3ARGS...]"
       exit
       ;;
     --out)
       shift
       outfile="$1"
       ;;
+    --lli)
+      use_lli=1
+      ;;
     --debug)
       debug=1
       ;;
-    -i686)
-      i686=1
-      ;;
     --)
       shift
       break
       ;;
     *)
-      echo "Unrecognized argument \"$1\""
-      exit 1
+      break
       ;;
   esac
   shift
@@ -54,19 +50,29 @@ else
 fi
 
 rm -f ./*.o ./*.bc demo
-
-if [ -z "$i686" ]; then
+if [ -z "$use_lli" ]; then
   $nac3standalone "${nac3args[@]}"
-  clang -c -std=gnu11 -Wall -Wextra -O3 -o demo.o demo.c
-  clang -o demo module.o demo.o $DEMO_LINALG_STUB -lm -Wl,--no-warn-search-mismatch
-else
-  $nac3standalone --triple i686-unknown-linux-gnu --target-features +sse2 "${nac3args[@]}"
-  clang -m32 -c -std=gnu11 -Wall -Wextra -O3 -msse2 -o demo.o demo.c
-  clang -m32 -o demo module.o demo.o $DEMO_LINALG_STUB32 -lm -Wl,--no-warn-search-mismatch
-fi
 
-if [ -z "$outfile" ]; then
+  clang -c -std=gnu11 -Wall -Wextra -O3 -o demo.o demo.c
+  clang -lm -o demo module.o demo.o
+
+  if [ -z "$outfile" ]; then
     ./demo
-else
+  else
     ./demo > "$outfile"
+  fi
+else
+  $nac3standalone --emit-llvm "${nac3args[@]}"
+
+  clang -c -std=gnu11 -Wall -Wextra -O3 -emit-llvm -o demo.bc demo.c
+
+  shopt -s nullglob
+  llvm-link -o nac3out.bc module*.bc main.bc
+  shopt -u nullglob
+
+  if [ -z "$outfile" ]; then
+    lli --extra-module demo.bc --extra-module irrt.bc nac3out.bc
+  else
+    lli --extra-module demo.bc --extra-module irrt.bc nac3out.bc > "$outfile"
+  fi
 fi

nac3standalone/demo/src/assignment.py

@@ -1,76 +0,0 @@
-@extern
-def output_int32(x: int32):
-    ...
-
-@extern
-def output_bool(x: bool):
-    ...
-
-def example1():
-    x, *ys, z = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
-    output_int32(x)
-    output_int32(len(ys))
-    output_int32(ys[0])
-    output_int32(ys[1])
-    output_int32(ys[2])
-    output_int32(z)
-
-def example2():
-    x, y, *zs = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
-    output_int32(x)
-    output_int32(y)
-    output_int32(len(zs))
-    output_int32(zs[0])
-    output_int32(zs[1])
-    output_int32(zs[2])
-
-def example3():
-    *xs, y, z = (1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
-    output_int32(len(xs))
-    output_int32(xs[0])
-    output_int32(xs[1])
-    output_int32(xs[2])
-    output_int32(y)
-    output_int32(z)
-
-def example4():
-    *xs, y, z = (4, 5)
-    output_int32(len(xs))
-    output_int32(y)
-    output_int32(z)
-
-def example5():
-    # Example from: https://docs.python.org/3/reference/simple_stmts.html#assignment-statements
-    x = [0, 1]
-    i = 0
-    i, x[i] = 1, 2 # i is updated, then x[i] is updated
-    output_int32(i)
-    output_int32(x[0])
-    output_int32(x[1])
-
-class A:
-    value: int32
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.value = 1000
-
-def example6():
-    ws = [88, 7, 8]
-    a = A()
-    x, [y, *ys, a.value], ws[0], (ws[0],) = 1, (2, False, 4, 5), 99, (6,)
-    output_int32(x)
-    output_int32(y)
-    output_bool(ys[0])
-    output_int32(ys[1])
-    output_int32(a.value)
-    output_int32(ws[0])
-    output_int32(ws[1])
-    output_int32(ws[2])
-
-def run() -> int32:
-    example1()
-    example2()
-    example3()
-    example4()
-    example5()
-    example6()
-    return 0

nac3standalone/demo/src/globals.py

@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-@extern
-def output_int32(x: int32):
-    ...
-
-@extern
-def output_int64(x: int64):
-    ...
-
-X: int32 = 0
-Y = int64(1)
-
-def f():
-    global X, Y
-    X = 1
-    Y = int64(2)
-
-def run() -> int32:
-    global X, Y
-
-    output_int32(X)
-    output_int64(Y)
-    f()
-    output_int32(X)
-    output_int64(Y)
-
-    X = 0
-    Y = int64(0)
-    output_int32(X)
-    output_int64(Y)
-
-    return 0

nac3standalone/demo/src/inheritance.py

@@ -10,58 +10,23 @@ class A:
     def __init__(self, a: int32):
         self.a = a
     
-    def output_all_fields(self):
-        output_int32(self.a)
+    def f1(self):
+        self.f2()
     
-    def set_a(self, a: int32):
-        self.a = a
+    def f2(self):
+        output_int32(self.a)
 
 class B(A):
     b: int32
 
     def __init__(self, b: int32):
-        A.__init__(self, b + 1)
-        self.set_b(b)
-    
-    def output_parent_fields(self):
-        A.output_all_fields(self)
-
-    def output_all_fields(self):
-        A.output_all_fields(self)
-        output_int32(self.b)
-    
-    def set_b(self, b: int32):
+        self.a = b + 1
         self.b = b
 
-class C(B):
-    c: int32
-
-    def __init__(self, c: int32):
-        B.__init__(self, c + 1)
-        self.c = c
-    
-    def output_parent_fields(self):
-        B.output_all_fields(self)
-
-    def output_all_fields(self):
-        B.output_all_fields(self)
-        output_int32(self.c)
-    
-    def set_c(self, c: int32):
-        self.c = c
 
 def run() -> int32:
-    ccc = C(10)
-    ccc.output_all_fields()
-    ccc.set_a(1)
-    ccc.set_b(2)
-    ccc.set_c(3)
-    ccc.output_all_fields()
-
-    bbb = B(10)
-    bbb.set_a(9)
-    bbb.set_b(8)
-    bbb.output_all_fields()
-    ccc.output_all_fields()
-
+    aaa = A(5)
+    bbb = B(2)
+    aaa.f1()
+    bbb.f1()
     return 0

nac3standalone/demo/src/ndarray.py

@@ -114,22 +114,12 @@ def test_ndarray_ones():
     n: ndarray[float, 1] = np_ones([1])
     output_ndarray_float_1(n)
 
-    dim = (1,)
-    n_tup: ndarray[float, 1] = np_ones(dim)
-    output_ndarray_float_1(n_tup)
-
 def test_ndarray_full():
     n_float: ndarray[float, 1] = np_full([1], 2.0)
     output_ndarray_float_1(n_float)
     n_i32: ndarray[int32, 1] = np_full([1], 2)
     output_ndarray_int32_1(n_i32)
 
-    dim = (1,)
-    n_float_tup: ndarray[float, 1] = np_full(dim, 2.0)
-    output_ndarray_float_1(n_float_tup)
-    n_i32_tup: ndarray[int32, 1] = np_full(dim, 2)
-    output_ndarray_int32_1(n_i32_tup)
-
 def test_ndarray_eye():
     n: ndarray[float, 2] = np_eye(2)
     output_ndarray_float_2(n)
@@ -877,13 +867,6 @@ def test_ndarray_minimum_broadcast_rhs_scalar():
     output_ndarray_float_2(min_x_zeros)
     output_ndarray_float_2(min_x_ones)
 
-def test_ndarray_argmin():
-    x = np_array([[1., 2.], [3., 4.]])
-    y = np_argmin(x)
-
-    output_ndarray_float_2(x)
-    output_int64(y)
-
 def test_ndarray_max():
     x = np_identity(2)
     y = np_max(x)
@@ -927,13 +910,6 @@ def test_ndarray_maximum_broadcast_rhs_scalar():
     output_ndarray_float_2(max_x_zeros)
     output_ndarray_float_2(max_x_ones)
 
-def test_ndarray_argmax():
-    x = np_array([[1., 2.], [3., 4.]])
-    y = np_argmax(x)
-
-    output_ndarray_float_2(x)
-    output_int64(y)
-
 def test_ndarray_abs():
     x = np_identity(2)
     y = abs(x)
@@ -1439,142 +1415,6 @@ def test_ndarray_nextafter_broadcast_rhs_scalar():
     output_ndarray_float_2(nextafter_x_zeros)
     output_ndarray_float_2(nextafter_x_ones)
 
-def test_ndarray_transpose():
-    x: ndarray[float, 2] = np_array([[1., 2., 3.], [4., 5., 6.]])
-    y = np_transpose(x)
-    z = np_transpose(y)
-
-    output_ndarray_float_2(x)
-    output_ndarray_float_2(y)
-
-def test_ndarray_reshape():
-    w: ndarray[float, 1] = np_array([1., 2., 3., 4., 5., 6., 7., 8., 9., 10.])
-    x = np_reshape(w, (1, 2, 1, -1))
-    y = np_reshape(x, [2, -1])
-    z = np_reshape(y, 10)
-
-    x1: ndarray[int32, 1] = np_array([1, 2, 3, 4])
-    x2: ndarray[int32, 2] = np_reshape(x1, (2, 2))
-
-    output_ndarray_float_1(w)
-    output_ndarray_float_2(y)
-    output_ndarray_float_1(z)
-
-def test_ndarray_dot():
-    x1: ndarray[float, 1] = np_array([5.0, 1.0, 4.0, 2.0])
-    y1: ndarray[float, 1] = np_array([5.0, 1.0, 6.0, 6.0])
-    z1 = np_dot(x1, y1)
-
-    x2: ndarray[int32, 1] = np_array([5, 1, 4, 2])
-    y2: ndarray[int32, 1] = np_array([5, 1, 6, 6])
-    z2 = np_dot(x2, y2)
-
-    x3: ndarray[bool, 1] = np_array([True, True, True, True])
-    y3: ndarray[bool, 1] = np_array([True, True, True, True])
-    z3 = np_dot(x3, y3)
-
-    z4 = np_dot(2, 3)
-    z5 = np_dot(2., 3.)
-    z6 = np_dot(True, False)
-
-    output_float64(z1)
-    output_int32(z2)
-    output_bool(z3)
-    output_int32(z4)
-    output_float64(z5)
-    output_bool(z6)
-
-def test_ndarray_cholesky():
-    x: ndarray[float, 2] = np_array([[5.0, 1.0], [1.0, 4.0]])
-    y = np_linalg_cholesky(x)
-
-    output_ndarray_float_2(x)
-    output_ndarray_float_2(y)
-
-def test_ndarray_qr():
-    x: ndarray[float, 2] = np_array([[-5.0, -1.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 4.0, 7.5], [-1.0, 8.0, -8.5]])
-    y, z  = np_linalg_qr(x)
-
-    output_ndarray_float_2(x)
-
-    # QR Factorization is not unique and gives different results in numpy and nalgebra
-    # Reverting the decomposition to compare the initial arrays
-    a = y @ z
-    output_ndarray_float_2(a)
-
-def test_ndarray_linalg_inv():
-    x: ndarray[float, 2] = np_array([[-5.0, -1.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 4.0, 7.5], [-1.0, 8.0, -8.5]])
-    y = np_linalg_inv(x)
-
-    output_ndarray_float_2(x)
-    output_ndarray_float_2(y)
-
-def test_ndarray_pinv():
-    x: ndarray[float, 2] = np_array([[-5.0, -1.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 4.0, 7.5]])
-    y = np_linalg_pinv(x)
-
-    output_ndarray_float_2(x)
-    output_ndarray_float_2(y)
-
-def test_ndarray_matrix_power():
-    x: ndarray[float, 2] = np_array([[-5.0, -1.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 4.0, 7.5], [-1.0, 8.0, -8.5]])
-    y = np_linalg_matrix_power(x, -9)
-
-    output_ndarray_float_2(x)
-    output_ndarray_float_2(y)
-
-def test_ndarray_det():
-    x: ndarray[float, 2] = np_array([[-5.0, -1.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 4.0, 7.5], [-1.0, 8.0, -8.5]])
-    y = np_linalg_det(x)
-
-    output_ndarray_float_2(x)
-    output_float64(y)
-
-def test_ndarray_schur():
-    x: ndarray[float, 2] = np_array([[-5.0, -1.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 4.0, 7.5], [-1.0, 8.0, -8.5]])
-    t, z = sp_linalg_schur(x)
-
-    output_ndarray_float_2(x)
-
-    # Schur Factorization is not unique and gives different results in scipy and nalgebra
-    # Reverting the decomposition to compare the initial arrays
-    a = (z @ t) @ np_linalg_inv(z)
-    output_ndarray_float_2(a)
-
-def test_ndarray_hessenberg():
-    x: ndarray[float, 2] = np_array([[-5.0, -1.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 4.0, 7.5], [-1.0, 5.0, 8.5]])
-    h, q = sp_linalg_hessenberg(x)
-
-    output_ndarray_float_2(x)
-
-    # Hessenberg Factorization is not unique and gives different results in scipy and nalgebra
-    # Reverting the decomposition to compare the initial arrays
-    a = (q @ h) @ np_linalg_inv(q)
-    output_ndarray_float_2(a)
-
-
-def test_ndarray_lu():
-    x: ndarray[float, 2] = np_array([[-5.0, -1.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 4.0, 7.5]])
-    l, u = sp_linalg_lu(x)
-
-    output_ndarray_float_2(x)
-    output_ndarray_float_2(l)
-    output_ndarray_float_2(u)
-
-
-def test_ndarray_svd():
-    w: ndarray[float, 2] = np_array([[-5.0, -1.0, 2.0], [-1.0, 4.0, 7.5], [-1.0, 8.0, -8.5]])
-    x, y, z = np_linalg_svd(w)
-
-    output_ndarray_float_2(w)
-
-    # SVD Factorization is not unique and gives different results in numpy and nalgebra
-    # Reverting the decomposition to compare the initial arrays
-    a = x @ z
-    output_ndarray_float_2(a)
-    output_ndarray_float_1(y)
-
-
 def run() -> int32:
     test_ndarray_ctor()
     test_ndarray_empty()
@@ -1679,19 +1519,16 @@ def run() -> int32:
 
     test_ndarray_round()
     test_ndarray_floor()
-    test_ndarray_ceil()
     test_ndarray_min()
     test_ndarray_minimum()
     test_ndarray_minimum_broadcast()
     test_ndarray_minimum_broadcast_lhs_scalar()
     test_ndarray_minimum_broadcast_rhs_scalar()
-    test_ndarray_argmin()
     test_ndarray_max()
     test_ndarray_maximum()
     test_ndarray_maximum_broadcast()
     test_ndarray_maximum_broadcast_lhs_scalar()
     test_ndarray_maximum_broadcast_rhs_scalar()
-    test_ndarray_argmax()
     test_ndarray_abs()
     test_ndarray_isnan()
     test_ndarray_isinf()
@@ -1754,18 +1591,5 @@ def run() -> int32:
     test_ndarray_nextafter_broadcast()
     test_ndarray_nextafter_broadcast_lhs_scalar()
     test_ndarray_nextafter_broadcast_rhs_scalar()
-    test_ndarray_transpose()
-    test_ndarray_reshape()
 
-    test_ndarray_dot()
-    test_ndarray_cholesky()
-    test_ndarray_qr()
-    test_ndarray_svd()
-    test_ndarray_linalg_inv()
-    test_ndarray_pinv()
-    test_ndarray_matrix_power()
-    test_ndarray_det()
-    test_ndarray_lu()
-    test_ndarray_schur()
-    test_ndarray_hessenberg()
     return 0

nac3standalone/demo/src/str.py

@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-@extern
-def output_bool(x: bool):
-    ...
-
-
-def str_eq():
-    output_bool("" == "")
-    output_bool("a" == "")
-    output_bool("a" == "b")
-    output_bool("b" == "a")
-    output_bool("a" == "a")
-    output_bool("test string" == "test string")
-    output_bool("test string1" == "test string2")
-
-
-def str_ne():
-    output_bool("" != "")
-    output_bool("a" != "")
-    output_bool("a" != "b")
-    output_bool("b" != "a")
-    output_bool("a" != "a")
-    output_bool("test string" != "test string")
-    output_bool("test string1" != "test string2")
-
-
-def run() -> int32:
-    str_eq()
-    str_ne()
-
-    return 0

nac3standalone/demo/src/tuple.py

@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
-@extern
-def output_bool(b: bool):
-    ...
-
 @extern
 def output_int32_list(x: list[int32]):
     ...
@@ -17,41 +13,6 @@ class A:
         self.a = a
         self.b = b
 
-
-def test_tuple_eq():
-    # 0-len
-    output_bool(() == ())
-    # 1-len
-    output_bool((1,) == ())
-    output_bool(() == (1,))
-    output_bool((1,) == (1,))
-    output_bool((1,) == (2,))
-    # # 2-len
-    output_bool((1, 2) == ())
-    output_bool(() == (1, 2))
-    output_bool((1,) == (1, 2))
-    output_bool((1, 2) == (1,))
-    output_bool((2, 2) == (1, 2))
-    output_bool((1, 2) == (2, 2))
-
-
-def test_tuple_ne():
-    # 0-len
-    output_bool(() != ())
-    # 1-len
-    output_bool((1,) != ())
-    output_bool(() != (1,))
-    output_bool((1,) != (1,))
-    output_bool((1,) != (2,))
-    # 2-len
-    output_bool((1, 2) != ())
-    output_bool(() != (1, 2))
-    output_bool((1,) != (1, 2))
-    output_bool((1, 2) != (1,))
-    output_bool((2, 2) != (1, 2))
-    output_bool((1, 2) != (2, 2))
-
-
 def run() -> int32:
     data = [0, 1, 2, 3]
 
@@ -65,14 +26,4 @@ def run() -> int32:
         output_int32(tl[0][1])
         output_int32(tl[1])
     
-    output_int32(len(()))
-    output_int32(len((1,)))
-    output_int32(len((1, 2)))
-    output_int32(len((1, 2, 3)))
-    output_int32(len((1, 2, 3, 4)))
-    output_int32(len((1, 2, 3, 4, 5)))
-
-    test_tuple_eq()
-    test_tuple_ne()
-
     return 0

nac3standalone/demo/src/vararg.py

@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-def f(*args: int32):
-    pass
-
-
-def run() -> int32:
-    f()
-    f(1)
-    f(1, 2)
-    f(1, 2, 3)
-
-    return 0

nac3standalone/src/basic_symbol_resolver.rs

@@ -1,14 +1,5 @@
-use std::{
-    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
-    sync::Arc,
-};
-
-use parking_lot::{Mutex, RwLock};
-
 use nac3core::{
-    codegen::{CodeGenContext, CodeGenerator},
-    inkwell::{module::Linkage, values::BasicValue},
-    nac3parser::ast::{self, StrRef},
+    codegen::CodeGenContext,
     symbol_resolver::{SymbolResolver, SymbolValue, ValueEnum},
     toplevel::{DefinitionId, TopLevelDef},
     typecheck::{
@@ -16,10 +7,15 @@ use nac3core::{
         typedef::{Type, Unifier},
     },
 };
+use nac3parser::ast::{self, StrRef};
+use parking_lot::{Mutex, RwLock};
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::Arc};
 
 pub struct ResolverInternal {
     pub id_to_type: Mutex<HashMap<StrRef, Type>>,
     pub id_to_def: Mutex<HashMap<StrRef, DefinitionId>>,
+    pub class_names: Mutex<HashMap<StrRef, Type>>,
     pub module_globals: Mutex<HashMap<StrRef, SymbolValue>>,
     pub str_store: Mutex<HashMap<String, i32>>,
 }
@@ -50,51 +46,20 @@ impl SymbolResolver for Resolver {
 
     fn get_symbol_type(
         &self,
-        unifier: &mut Unifier,
+        _: &mut Unifier,
         _: &[Arc<RwLock<TopLevelDef>>],
-        primitives: &PrimitiveStore,
+        _: &PrimitiveStore,
         str: StrRef,
     ) -> Result<Type, String> {
-        self.0
-            .id_to_type
-            .lock()
-            .get(&str)
-            .copied()
-            .or_else(|| {
-                self.0
-                    .module_globals
-                    .lock()
-                    .get(&str)
-                    .cloned()
-                    .map(|v| v.get_type(primitives, unifier))
-            })
-            .ok_or(format!("cannot get type of {str}"))
+        self.0.id_to_type.lock().get(&str).copied().ok_or(format!("cannot get type of {str}"))
     }
 
     fn get_symbol_value<'ctx>(
         &self,
-        str: StrRef,
-        ctx: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
-        generator: &mut dyn CodeGenerator,
+        _: StrRef,
+        _: &mut CodeGenContext<'ctx, '_>,
     ) -> Option<ValueEnum<'ctx>> {
-        self.0.module_globals.lock().get(&str).cloned().map(|v| {
-            ctx.module
-                .get_global(&str.to_string())
-                .unwrap_or_else(|| {
-                    let ty = v.get_type(&ctx.primitives, &mut ctx.unifier);
-
-                    let init_val = ctx.gen_symbol_val(generator, &v, ty);
-                    let llvm_ty = init_val.get_type();
-
-                    let global = ctx.module.add_global(llvm_ty, None, &str.to_string());
-                    global.set_linkage(Linkage::LinkOnceAny);
-                    global.set_initializer(&init_val);
-
-                    global
-                })
-                .as_basic_value_enum()
-                .into()
-        })
+        unimplemented!()
     }
 
     fn get_identifier_def(&self, id: StrRef) -> Result<DefinitionId, HashSet<String>> {

nac3standalone/src/main.rs

@@ -8,29 +8,23 @@
 #![warn(clippy::pedantic)]
 #![allow(clippy::too_many_lines, clippy::wildcard_imports)]
 
-use std::{
-    collections::{HashMap, HashSet},
-    fs,
-    num::NonZeroUsize,
-    path::Path,
-    sync::Arc,
-};
-
 use clap::Parser;
+use inkwell::{
+    memory_buffer::MemoryBuffer, passes::PassBuilderOptions, support::is_multithreaded, targets::*,
+    OptimizationLevel,
+};
 use parking_lot::{Mutex, RwLock};
+use std::collections::HashSet;
+use std::num::NonZeroUsize;
+use std::{collections::HashMap, fs, path::Path, sync::Arc};
 
 use nac3core::{
     codegen::{
-        concrete_type::ConcreteTypeStore, irrt::load_irrt, CodeGenLLVMOptions,
-        CodeGenTargetMachineOptions, CodeGenTask, DefaultCodeGenerator, WithCall, WorkerRegistry,
-    },
-    inkwell::{
-        memory_buffer::MemoryBuffer, module::Linkage, passes::PassBuilderOptions,
-        support::is_multithreaded, targets::*, OptimizationLevel,
-    },
-    nac3parser::{
-        ast::{Constant, Expr, ExprKind, StmtKind, StrRef},
-        parser,
+        concrete_type::ConcreteTypeStore,
+        irrt::load_irrt,
+        tracert::{load_tracert, TraceRuntimeConfig},
+        CodeGenLLVMOptions, CodeGenTargetMachineOptions, CodeGenTask, DefaultCodeGenerator,
+        WithCall, WorkerRegistry,
     },
     symbol_resolver::SymbolResolver,
     toplevel::{
@@ -44,10 +38,13 @@ use nac3core::{
         typedef::{FunSignature, Type, Unifier, VarMap},
     },
 };
-
-use basic_symbol_resolver::*;
+use nac3parser::{
+    ast::{Constant, Expr, ExprKind, StmtKind, StrRef},
+    parser,
+};
 
 mod basic_symbol_resolver;
+use basic_symbol_resolver::*;
 
 /// Command-line argument parser definition.
 #[derive(Parser)]
@@ -82,6 +79,9 @@ struct CommandLineArgs {
     /// Additional target features to enable/disable, specified using the `+`/`-` prefixes.
     #[arg(long)]
     target_features: Option<String>,
+
+    #[arg(long)]
+    trace: Vec<String>,
 }
 
 fn handle_typevar_definition(
@@ -119,9 +119,7 @@ fn handle_typevar_definition(
                         x,
                         HashMap::new(),
                     )?;
-                    get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(
-                        def_list, unifier, primitives, &ty, &mut None,
-                    )
+                    get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(def_list, unifier, &ty, &mut None)
                 })
                 .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
             let loc = func.location;
@@ -160,7 +158,7 @@ fn handle_typevar_definition(
                 HashMap::new(),
             )?;
             let constraint =
-                get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(def_list, unifier, primitives, &ty, &mut None)?;
+                get_type_from_type_annotation_kinds(def_list, unifier, &ty, &mut None)?;
             let loc = func.location;
 
             Ok(unifier.get_fresh_const_generic_var(constraint, Some(generic_name), Some(loc)).ty)
@@ -175,49 +173,46 @@ fn handle_typevar_definition(
 fn handle_assignment_pattern(
     targets: &[Expr],
     value: &Expr,
-    resolver: Arc<dyn SymbolResolver + Send + Sync>,
+    resolver: &(dyn SymbolResolver + Send + Sync),
     internal_resolver: &ResolverInternal,
-    composer: &mut TopLevelComposer,
+    def_list: &[Arc<RwLock<TopLevelDef>>],
+    unifier: &mut Unifier,
+    primitives: &PrimitiveStore,
 ) -> Result<(), String> {
     if targets.len() == 1 {
-        let target = &targets[0];
-
-        match &target.node {
+        match &targets[0].node {
             ExprKind::Name { id, .. } => {
-                let def_list = composer.extract_def_list();
-                let unifier = &mut composer.unifier;
-                let primitives = &composer.primitives_ty;
-
                 if let Ok(var) =
-                    handle_typevar_definition(value, &*resolver, &def_list, unifier, primitives)
+                    handle_typevar_definition(value, resolver, def_list, unifier, primitives)
                 {
                     internal_resolver.add_id_type(*id, var);
                     Ok(())
-                } else if let Ok(val) = parse_parameter_default_value(value, &*resolver) {
+                } else if let Ok(val) = parse_parameter_default_value(value, resolver) {
                     internal_resolver.add_module_global(*id, val);
-                    let (name, def_id, _) = composer
-                        .register_top_level_var(
-                            *id,
-                            None,
-                            Some(resolver.clone()),
-                            "__main__",
-                            target.location,
-                        )
-                        .unwrap();
-                    internal_resolver.add_id_def(name, def_id);
                     Ok(())
                 } else {
                     Err(format!("fails to evaluate this expression `{:?}` as a constant or generic parameter at {}",
-                        target.node,
-                        target.location,
+                        targets[0].node,
+                        targets[0].location,
                     ))
                 }
             }
             ExprKind::List { elts, .. } | ExprKind::Tuple { elts, .. } => {
-                handle_assignment_pattern(elts, value, resolver, internal_resolver, composer)?;
+                handle_assignment_pattern(
+                    elts,
+                    value,
+                    resolver,
+                    internal_resolver,
+                    def_list,
+                    unifier,
+                    primitives,
+                )?;
                 Ok(())
             }
-            _ => Err(format!("assignment to {target:?} is not supported at {}", target.location)),
+            _ => Err(format!(
+                "assignment to {:?} is not supported at {}",
+                targets[0], targets[0].location
+            )),
         }
     } else {
         match &value.node {
@@ -227,9 +222,11 @@ fn handle_assignment_pattern(
                         handle_assignment_pattern(
                             std::slice::from_ref(tar),
                             val,
-                            resolver.clone(),
+                            resolver,
                             internal_resolver,
-                            composer,
+                            def_list,
+                            unifier,
+                            primitives,
                         )?;
                     }
                     Ok(())
@@ -247,43 +244,20 @@ fn handle_assignment_pattern(
     }
 }
 
-fn handle_global_var(
-    target: &Expr,
-    value: Option<&Expr>,
-    resolver: &Arc<dyn SymbolResolver + Send + Sync>,
-    internal_resolver: &ResolverInternal,
-    composer: &mut TopLevelComposer,
-) -> Result<(), String> {
-    let ExprKind::Name { id, .. } = target.node else {
-        return Err(format!(
-            "global variable declaration must be an identifier (at {})",
-            target.location,
-        ));
-    };
-
-    let Some(value) = value else {
-        return Err(format!("global variable `{id}` must be initialized in its definition"));
-    };
-
-    if let Ok(val) = parse_parameter_default_value(value, &**resolver) {
-        internal_resolver.add_module_global(id, val);
-        let (name, def_id, _) = composer
-            .register_top_level_var(id, None, Some(resolver.clone()), "__main__", target.location)
-            .unwrap();
-        internal_resolver.add_id_def(name, def_id);
-        Ok(())
-    } else {
-        Err(format!(
-            "failed to evaluate this expression `{:?}` as a constant at {}",
-            target.node, target.location,
-        ))
-    }
-}
-
 fn main() {
+    const SIZE_T: u32 = usize::BITS;
+
     let cli = CommandLineArgs::parse();
-    let CommandLineArgs { file_name, threads, opt_level, emit_llvm, triple, mcpu, target_features } =
-        cli;
+    let CommandLineArgs {
+        file_name,
+        threads,
+        opt_level,
+        emit_llvm,
+        triple,
+        mcpu,
+        target_features,
+        trace,
+    } = cli;
 
     Target::initialize_all(&InitializationConfig::default());
 
@@ -312,37 +286,24 @@ fn main() {
         // The default behavior for -O<n> where n>3 defaults to O3 for both Clang and GCC
         _ => OptimizationLevel::Aggressive,
     };
-
-    let target_machine_options = CodeGenTargetMachineOptions {
-        triple,
-        cpu: mcpu,
-        features: target_features,
-        reloc_mode: RelocMode::PIC,
-        ..host_target_machine
-    };
-    let target_machine = target_machine_options
-        .create_target_machine(opt_level)
-        .expect("couldn't create target machine");
-
-    let context = nac3core::inkwell::context::Context::create();
-
-    let size_t =
-        context.ptr_sized_int_type(&target_machine.get_target_data(), None).get_bit_width();
+    let tracert_config = TraceRuntimeConfig { enabled_tags: trace };
 
     let program = match fs::read_to_string(file_name.clone()) {
         Ok(program) => program,
         Err(err) => {
-            panic!("Cannot open input file: {err}");
+            println!("Cannot open input file: {err}");
+            return;
         }
     };
 
-    let primitive: PrimitiveStore = TopLevelComposer::make_primitives(size_t).0;
+    let primitive: PrimitiveStore = TopLevelComposer::make_primitives(SIZE_T).0;
     let (mut composer, builtins_def, builtins_ty) =
-        TopLevelComposer::new(vec![], vec![], ComposerConfig::default(), size_t);
+        TopLevelComposer::new(vec![], ComposerConfig::default(), SIZE_T);
 
     let internal_resolver: Arc<ResolverInternal> = ResolverInternal {
         id_to_type: builtins_ty.into(),
         id_to_def: builtins_def.into(),
+        class_names: Mutex::default(),
         module_globals: Mutex::default(),
         str_store: Mutex::default(),
     }
@@ -350,41 +311,27 @@ fn main() {
     let resolver =
         Arc::new(Resolver(internal_resolver.clone())) as Arc<dyn SymbolResolver + Send + Sync>;
 
-    // Process IRRT
-    let irrt = load_irrt(&context, resolver.as_ref());
-    if emit_llvm {
-        irrt.write_bitcode_to_path(Path::new("irrt.bc"));
-    }
-
-    // Process the Python script
     let parser_result = parser::parse_program(&program, file_name.into()).unwrap();
 
     for stmt in parser_result {
         match &stmt.node {
             StmtKind::Assign { targets, value, .. } => {
+                let def_list = composer.extract_def_list();
+                let unifier = &mut composer.unifier;
+                let primitives = &composer.primitives_ty;
                 if let Err(err) = handle_assignment_pattern(
                     targets,
                     value,
-                    resolver.clone(),
+                    resolver.as_ref(),
                     internal_resolver.as_ref(),
-                    &mut composer,
+                    &def_list,
+                    unifier,
+                    primitives,
                 ) {
-                    panic!("{err}");
+                    eprintln!("{err}");
+                    return;
                 }
             }
-
-            StmtKind::AnnAssign { target, value, .. } => {
-                if let Err(err) = handle_global_var(
-                    target,
-                    value.as_ref().map(Box::as_ref),
-                    &resolver,
-                    internal_resolver.as_ref(),
-                    &mut composer,
-                ) {
-                    panic!("{err}");
-                }
-            }
-
             // allow (and ignore) "from __future__ import annotations"
             StmtKind::ImportFrom { module, names, .. }
                 if module == &Some("__future__".into())
@@ -439,7 +386,16 @@ fn main() {
         instance_to_stmt[""].clone()
     };
 
-    let llvm_options = CodeGenLLVMOptions { opt_level, target: target_machine_options };
+    let llvm_options = CodeGenLLVMOptions {
+        opt_level,
+        target: CodeGenTargetMachineOptions {
+            triple,
+            cpu: mcpu,
+            features: target_features,
+            reloc_mode: RelocMode::PIC,
+            ..host_target_machine
+        },
+    };
 
     let task = CodeGenTask {
         subst: Vec::default(),
@@ -462,14 +418,15 @@ fn main() {
         membuffer.lock().push(buffer);
     })));
     let threads = (0..threads)
-        .map(|i| Box::new(DefaultCodeGenerator::new(format!("module{i}"), size_t)))
+        .map(|i| Box::new(DefaultCodeGenerator::new(format!("module{i}"), SIZE_T)))
         .collect();
-    let (registry, handles) = WorkerRegistry::create_workers(threads, top_level, &llvm_options, &f);
+    let (registry, handles) =
+        WorkerRegistry::create_workers(threads, top_level, &llvm_options, &tracert_config, &f);
     registry.add_task(task);
     registry.wait_tasks_complete(handles);
 
-    // Link all modules together into `main`
     let buffers = membuffers.lock();
+    let context = inkwell::context::Context::create();
     let main = context
         .create_module_from_ir(MemoryBuffer::create_from_memory_range(&buffers[0], "main"))
         .unwrap();
@@ -489,18 +446,33 @@ fn main() {
         main.link_in_module(other).unwrap();
     }
 
+    let irrt = load_irrt(&context);
+    if emit_llvm {
+        irrt.write_bitcode_to_path(Path::new("irrt.bc"));
+    }
     main.link_in_module(irrt).unwrap();
 
-    // Private all functions except "run"
+    if let Some(tracert) = load_tracert(&context, &tracert_config) {
+        if emit_llvm {
+            tracert.write_bitcode_to_path(Path::new("tracert.bc"));
+        }
+
+        main.link_in_module(tracert).unwrap();
+    }
+
     let mut function_iter = main.get_first_function();
     while let Some(func) = function_iter {
         if func.count_basic_blocks() > 0 && func.get_name().to_str().unwrap() != "run" {
-            func.set_linkage(Linkage::Private);
+            func.set_linkage(inkwell::module::Linkage::Private);
         }
         function_iter = func.get_next_function();
     }
 
-    // Optimize `main`
+    let target_machine = llvm_options
+        .target
+        .create_target_machine(llvm_options.opt_level)
+        .expect("couldn't create target machine");
+
     let pass_options = PassBuilderOptions::create();
     pass_options.set_merge_functions(true);
     let passes = format!("default<O{}>", opt_level as u32);
@@ -509,7 +481,6 @@ fn main() {
         panic!("Failed to run optimization for module `main`: {}", err.to_string());
     }
 
-    // Write output
     target_machine
         .write_to_file(&main, FileType::Object, Path::new("module.o"))
         .expect("couldn't write module to file");

nix/windows/PKGBUILD

@@ -21,6 +21,6 @@ build() {
 }
 
 package() {
-  mkdir -p $pkgdir/clang64/lib/python3.12/site-packages
-  cp ${srcdir}/nac3artiq.pyd $pkgdir/clang64/lib/python3.12/site-packages
+  mkdir -p $pkgdir/clang64/lib/python3.11/site-packages
+  cp ${srcdir}/nac3artiq.pyd $pkgdir/clang64/lib/python3.11/site-packages
 }

nix/windows/default.nix

@@ -21,10 +21,10 @@ let
     text =
       ''
       implementation=CPython
-      version=3.12
+      version=3.11
       shared=true
       abi3=false
-      lib_name=python3.12
+      lib_name=python3.11
       lib_dir=${msys2-env}/clang64/lib
       pointer_width=64
       build_flags=WITH_THREAD

nix/windows/make_msys2_packages.sh

@@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ cd $(dirname $0)
 MSYS2DIR=`pwd`/msys2
 mkdir -p $MSYS2DIR/var/lib/pacman $MSYS2DIR/msys/etc
 
-curl -L https://repo.msys2.org/msys/x86_64/pacman-mirrors-20240523-1-any.pkg.tar.zst | tar xvf - -C $MSYS2DIR --zstd
+curl -L https://mirror.msys2.org/msys/x86_64/pacman-mirrors-20220205-1-any.pkg.tar.zst | tar xvf - -C $MSYS2DIR --zstd
 curl -L https://raw.githubusercontent.com/msys2/MSYS2-packages/master/pacman/pacman.conf | sed "s|SigLevel    = Required|SigLevel    = Never|g" | sed "s|/etc/pacman.d|$MSYS2DIR/etc/pacman.d|g" > $MSYS2DIR/etc/pacman.conf
 
 fakeroot pacman --root $MSYS2DIR --config $MSYS2DIR/etc/pacman.conf -Syy
-pacman --root $MSYS2DIR --config $MSYS2DIR/etc/pacman.conf --cachedir $MSYS2DIR/msys/cache -Sp mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-rust mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-cmake mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-ninja mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-python-numpy mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-python-setuptools > $MSYS2DIR/packages.txt
+pacman --root $MSYS2DIR --config $MSYS2DIR/etc/pacman.conf --cachedir $MSYS2DIR/msys/cache -Sp mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-rust mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-cmake mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-ninja mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-python3.11 mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-python-numpy mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-python-setuptools > $MSYS2DIR/packages.txt
 
 echo "{ pkgs } : [" > msys2_packages.nix
 while read package; do

nix/windows/msys2_packages.nix

@@ -1,15 +1,15 @@
 { pkgs } : [
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libunwind-18.1.8-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "0f9m76dx40iy794nfks0360gvjhdg6yngb2lyhwp4xd76rn5081m";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libunwind-18.1.8-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libunwind-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "0ksz7xz1lbwsmdr9sa1444k0dlfkbd8k11pq7w08ir7r1wjy6fid";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libunwind-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libc++-18.1.8-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "17savj9wys9my2ji7vyba7wwqkvzdjwnkb3k4858wxrjbzbfa6lk";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libc++-18.1.8-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libc++-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "0r8skyjqv4cpkqif0niakx4hdpkscil1zf6mzj34pqna0j5gdnq2";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libc++-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
@@ -31,9 +31,9 @@
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-xz-5.6.2-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "0phb9hwqksk1rg29yhwlc7si78zav19c2kac0i841pc7mc2n9gzx";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-xz-5.6.2-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-xz-5.6.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "14p4xxaxjjy6j1ingji82xhai1mc1gls5ali6z40fbb2ylxkaggs";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-xz-5.6.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
@@ -43,93 +43,93 @@
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libxml2-2.12.9-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "0cjz2vj9yz6k5xj601cp0yk631rrr0z94ciamwqrvclb0yhakf25";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libxml2-2.12.9-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libxml2-2.12.6-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "177b3rmsknqq6hf0zqwva71s3avh20ca7vzznp2ls2z5qm8vhhlp";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libxml2-2.12.6-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-zstd-1.5.6-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "02cp5ci8w50k7xn38mpkwnr8sn898v18wcc07y8f9sfla7vcyfix";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-zstd-1.5.6-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-zstd-1.5.5-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "07739wmwgxf0d6db4p8w302a6jwcm01aafr1s8jvcl5k1h5a1m2m";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-zstd-1.5.5-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-llvm-libs-18.1.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "0rpbgvvinsqflhd3nhfxk0g0yy8j80zzw5yx6573ak0m78a9fa06";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-llvm-libs-18.1.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-llvm-libs-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "0ibiy01v16naik9pj32ch7a9pkbw4yrn3gyq7p0y6kcc63fkjazy";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-llvm-libs-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-llvm-18.1.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "185g5h8q3x3rav9lp2njln58ny2idh2067fd02j3nsbik6glshpf";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-llvm-18.1.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-llvm-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "1hcfz6nb6svmmcqzfrdi96az2x7mzj0cispdv2ssbgn7nkf19pi0";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-llvm-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-clang-libs-18.1.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "089hji3yd7wsd03v9mdfgc99l5k1dql8kg7p3hy13vrbgfsabxhc";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-clang-libs-18.1.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-clang-libs-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "1k17d18g7rmq2ph4kq1mf84vs8133jzf52nkv6syh39ypjga67wa";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-clang-libs-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-compiler-rt-18.1.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "1dwcxnv1k5ljim5ys4h1c3jlrdpi0054z094ynav7if65i8zjj4a";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-compiler-rt-18.1.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-compiler-rt-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "1w2j0vs888haz9shjr1l8dc4j957sk1p0377zzipkbqnzqwjf1z8";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-compiler-rt-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-headers-git-12.0.0.r250.gc6bf4bdf6-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "0163jzjlvq7inpafy3h48pkwag3ysk6x56xm84yfcz5q52fnfzq5";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-headers-git-12.0.0.r250.gc6bf4bdf6-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-headers-git-11.0.0.r655.gdbfdf8025-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "18csfwlk2h9pr4411crx1b41qjzn5jgbssm3h109nzwbdizkp62h";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-headers-git-11.0.0.r655.gdbfdf8025-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-crt-git-12.0.0.r250.gc6bf4bdf6-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "00cn1mi29mfys7qy4hvgnjd0smqvnkdn3ibnrr6a3wy1h2vaykgq";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-crt-git-12.0.0.r250.gc6bf4bdf6-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-crt-git-11.0.0.r655.gdbfdf8025-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "03l1zkrxgxxssp430xcv2gch1d03rbnbk1c0vgiqxigcs8lljh2g";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-crt-git-11.0.0.r655.gdbfdf8025-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-lld-18.1.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "1vpij5d06m4kjy3qv8bizwlkl21gcv6fv0r2f1j9bclgm6k3144x";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-lld-18.1.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-lld-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "1ai4gl7ybpk9n10jmbpf3zzfa893m1krj5qhf44ajln0jabdfnbn";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-lld-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libwinpthread-git-12.0.0.r250.gc6bf4bdf6-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "1zkzqqd31xpkv817wja3qssjjx891bsdxw07037hv2sk0qr4ffn9";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libwinpthread-git-12.0.0.r250.gc6bf4bdf6-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libwinpthread-git-11.0.0.r655.gdbfdf8025-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "1svhjzwhvl4ldl439jhgfy47g05y2af1cjqvydgijn1dd4g8y8vq";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libwinpthread-git-11.0.0.r655.gdbfdf8025-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-winpthreads-git-12.0.0.r250.gc6bf4bdf6-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "02ynia88ad3l03r08nyldmnajwqkyxcjd191lyamkbj4d6zck323";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-winpthreads-git-12.0.0.r250.gc6bf4bdf6-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-winpthreads-git-11.0.0.r655.gdbfdf8025-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "0jxdhkl256vnr13xf1x3fyjrdf764zg70xcs3gki3rg109f0a6xk";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-winpthreads-git-11.0.0.r655.gdbfdf8025-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-clang-18.1.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "1qny934nv4g75k9gb5sf31v24bgafkg6qw7r35xv3in491w6annq";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-clang-18.1.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-clang-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "0ahfic7vdfv96k5v7fdkgk1agk28l833xjn2igrmbvqg96ak0w6n";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-clang-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-c-ares-1.33.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "14r6jjsvfbapbkv2zqp2yglva4vz4srzkgk7f186ri3kcafjspgq";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-c-ares-1.33.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-c-ares-1.27.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "06y3sgqv6a0gr3dsbzs36jrj8adklssgjqi2ms5clsyq6ay4f91r";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-c-ares-1.27.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-brotli-1.1.0-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "1q01lz9lcyrjmkhv9rddgjazmk7warlcmwhc4qkq9y6h0yfsb71n";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-brotli-1.1.0-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-brotli-1.1.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "113mha41q53cx0hw13cq1xdf7zbsd58sh8cl1cd7xzg1q69n60w2";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-brotli-1.1.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libunistring-1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "13nz49li39z1zgfx1q9jg4vrmyrmqb6qdq0nqshidaqc6zr16k3g";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libunistring-1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libunistring-1.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "16myvbg33q5s7jl30w5qd8n8f1r05335ms8r61234vn52n32l2c4";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libunistring-1.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
@@ -151,9 +151,9 @@
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-p11-kit-0.25.5-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "00yz6cmr1ldlrskv811n345xcia88mj7w4fyx4m9z5848jxgsabd";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-p11-kit-0.25.5-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-p11-kit-0.25.3-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "1jrwkc4lvw5hm5rqmi5gqh7mfkbqfa5gi81zjij0krnl0gaxw3c8";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-p11-kit-0.25.3-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
@@ -163,9 +163,9 @@
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-openssl-3.3.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "1djgpcz447yvhdy1yq5wh8l5d0821izxklx9afyszbw0pbr7f24y";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-openssl-3.3.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-openssl-3.2.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "0ix2r4ll09m2z5vz2k94gmwfs0pp3ipvjdimwzx7v6xhcs2l25lz";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-openssl-3.2.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
@@ -175,39 +175,33 @@
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-nghttp2-1.63.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "0lfqrlmapsc7ilxjmhr7hxi578vclqlhpqimbvzq0c70c0iwk864";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-nghttp2-1.63.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-nghttp2-1.60.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "0wxw8266hf4qd2m4zpgb1wvlrnaksmcrs0kh5y9zpf2y5sy8f2bq";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-nghttp2-1.60.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-nghttp3-1.5.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "1ljl9kdasf91bxkqcmbbjchp5g00ahv8jn2zab38899z6j3x43nz";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-nghttp3-1.5.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-curl-8.6.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "1racc7cyzj22kink9w8m8jv73ji5hfg6r6d1ka9dqmvcbx04r8p0";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-curl-8.6.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-curl-8.9.1-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "1zr6kgqp9i4qqrfckh3kfmz4x1cwv4xis9sfqsx7xji88priax64";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-curl-8.9.1-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-rust-1.76.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "0ny3bvwvn5wmqrxzhdfw34akr0kj0m7rg9lg3w5yibqz2mkqhk11";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-rust-1.76.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-rust-1.80.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "1dm4vlrfi9m6xl09zpn0yjr7qcjjr4x738z1rjfwysfnc0awq4x8";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-rust-1.80.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-pkgconf-1~2.1.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "00kxqg9ds4q74lxrzjh8z0858smqbi1j9r06s0zjadsql0ln98cq";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-pkgconf-12.1.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-cppdap-1.65-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "0phhwkcqp30dsyj5vr6w99sgm1jfm5rzg0w5x5mv9md4x7lm9lmh";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-cppdap-1.65-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-})
-
-(pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-expat-2.6.3-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "19xfl1q78q1k8j0lr5aspcf668pmfg01fgib73zq7ff7y5y5fcyi";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-expat-2.6.3-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-expat-2.6.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "0kj1vzjh3qh7d2g47avlgk7a6j4nc62111hy1m63jwq0alc01k38";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-expat-2.6.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
@@ -229,9 +223,9 @@
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-lz4-1.10.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "0kznnw9z9zqxkmn8qbypm2rpsfaapbgls1ks3zzpfnfjz9cpw8py";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-lz4-1.10.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-lz4-1.9.4-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "0nn7cy25j53q5ckkx4n4f77w00xdwwf5wjswm374shvvs58nlln0";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-lz4-1.9.4-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
@@ -247,9 +241,9 @@
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libarchive-3.7.4-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "1ykw6imllgxv6lsgwxx1miqjr4l1iryqkrj286jcbfrb8ghpzhv5";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libarchive-3.7.4-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libarchive-3.7.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "1p84yh6yzkdpmr02vyvgz16x5gycckah25jkdc2py09l7iw96bmw";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-libarchive-3.7.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
@@ -259,15 +253,9 @@
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-ninja-1.12.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "1vj9qaa43v316daz8k4ricmz3f33nhjpj7r0vn979nwmy7hzs7jx";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-ninja-1.12.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-})
-
-(pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-pkgconf-1~2.3.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "15i7x6akkgs7aa7aa804k93p2iipnvygsy7z8hsafskka3h150fa";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-pkgconf-12.3.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-ninja-1.11.1-3-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "13wjfmyfr952n3ydpldjlwx1nla5xpyvr96ng8pfbyw4z900v5ms";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-ninja-1.11.1-3-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
@@ -277,9 +265,9 @@
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-cmake-3.30.3-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "0fjwf6xxzli6rcsbzr1razldmm538ibkyf5kw132lpaz5wma9bj8";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-cmake-3.30.3-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-cmake-3.29.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "0l79lf6zihn0k8hz93qnjnq259y45yq19235g9c444jc2w093si1";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-cmake-3.29.0-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
@@ -301,9 +289,9 @@
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-readline-8.2.013-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "0pv1ypqfgm4mimzr0amq9anr1ysqmzrwv6gfk7rrlzhihadknsvr";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-readline-8.2.013-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-readline-8.2.010-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "1s47pd5iz8y3hspsxn4pnp0v3m05ccia40v5nfvx0rmwgvcaz82v";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-readline-8.2.010-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
@@ -313,15 +301,15 @@
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-sqlite3-3.46.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "1axplxyjnaz411qzjjqwbj55fbrh4akq3plm2p1sx64jp844xpyq";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-sqlite3-3.46.1-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-sqlite3-3.45.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "1icvw3f08cgi94p0177i46v72wgpsxw95p6kd0sm2w3vj0qlqbcw";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-sqlite3-3.45.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-tk-8.6.13-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "12f6lqx1sglczcnz2ns6sxw9cxwm1klxajqzcrbnfwln1nllz2nd";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-tk-8.6.13-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-tk-8.6.12-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "0pi74q91vl6vw8vvmmwnvrgai3b1aanp0zhca5qsmv8ljh2wdgzx";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-tk-8.6.12-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
@@ -331,38 +319,32 @@
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-python3.12-3.12.1-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "0wmd39wl9z237w093a7c6hl5pclca9yvwxn0kiw6i2njk3sjv51a";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-python3.12-3.12.1-2-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-python-3.11.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "0djpf4k8s25nys6nrm2x2v134lcgzhhbjs37ihkg0b3sxmmc3b0p";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-python-3.11.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-python-3.11.9-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "0ah1idjqxg7jc07a1gz9z766rjjd0f0c6ri4hpcsimsrbj1zjd3c";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-python-3.11.9-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-openmp-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "1v9wm3ja3a7a7yna2bpqky481qf244wc98kfdl7l03k7rkvvydpl";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-openmp-18.1.2-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-llvm-openmp-18.1.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "0cy2v0l4af24j34mzj5q5nlzcqhackfajlfj1rpf6mb3rbz23qw9";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-llvm-openmp-18.1.8-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-openblas-0.3.26-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "0kdr72y5lc9dl9s1bjrw8g21qmv2iwd1xvn1r21170i277wsmqiv";
+  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-openblas-0.3.26-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
 })
 
 (pkgs.fetchurl {
-  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-openblas-0.3.28-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
-  sha256 = "1pskcqc1lg9p8m8rk7bw3mz7mn7vw5fpl7zxa23bhjn02p5b79qq";
-  name = "mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-openblas-0.3.28-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  url = "https://mirror.msys2.org/mingw/clang64/mingw-w64-clang-x86_64-python-numpy-1.26.4-1-any.pkg.tar.zst";
+  sha256 = "00h0ap954cjwlsc3p01fjwy7s3nlzs90v0kmnrzxm0rljmvn4jkf";
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